new seven wonders of the world english essay

Wonders of the World - Winners and Finalists

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• Doctor of Arts, University of Albany, SUNY
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Christ the Redeemer, One of the New 7 Wonders

You may know about the 7 Wonders of the Ancient World. Only one - the Great Pyramid at Giza - still stands. So, Swiss film producer and aviator Bernard Weber launched a global voting campaign to let you, and millions of other people, create a NEW list. Unlike the list of Ancient Wonders, the New Seven Wonders list includes both ancient and modern structures from every part of the world.

From the hundreds of recommendations, architects Zaha Hadid , Tadao Ando, Cesar Pelli , and other expert judges selected 21 finalists. Then, millions of voters around the world picked the top seven New Wonders of the World.

The New Seven Wonders of the World were announced in Lisbon, Portugal on Saturday, July 7, 2007. This photo gallery displays the winners and the finalists.

Christ the Redeemer Statue:

Completed in 1931, the Christ Redeemer statue that overlooks the city of Rio de Janeiro in Brazil is a monument to the architecture of its day— Art Deco.   As an art deco icon, Jesus became sleek in form, a near two-dimensional flag with robes of strong lines. Also called Cristo Redentor, the statue towers atop the Corcovado mountain overlooking Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. From the 21 finalists, the Christ Redeemer statue was voted one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. It is an iconic statue.

Chichen Itza in Yucatan, Mexico

Ancient Mayan and Toltec civilizations built great temples, palaces, and monuments at Chichen Itza on the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico.

One of the New 7 Wonders

Chichen Itza, or Chichén Itzá, offers a rare glimpse into Mayan and Toltec civilization in Mexico. Located about 90 miles from the coast in the northern Yucatan peninsula, the archaeological site has temples, palaces, and other important buildings.

There are actually two parts to Chichen: the old city that thrived between 300 and 900 AD, and the new city that became the center of Mayan civilization between 750 and 1200 AD. Chichen Itza is a UNESCO World Heritage site and voted to be a new wonder of the world.

Colosseum in Rome, Italy

At least 50,000 spectators could sit in the Colosseum of ancient Rome. Today, the amphitheater reminds us of early modern sports arenas. In 2007, the Colosseum was named one of the New 7 Wonders of the World.

The Flavian emperors Vespasian and Titus built the Colosseum, or Coliseum , in central Rome between 70 and 82 AD. The Colosseum is sometimes called the Amphitheatrum Flavium (Flavian Amphitheater) after the emperors who constructed it.

The powerful architecture has influenced sports venues around the world, including the 1923 Memorial Coliseum in Los Angeles. The mighty stadium in California, modeled after ancient Rome's, was site of the first Super Bowl game in 1967 .

Much of Rome's Colosseum has deteriorated, but major restoration efforts are preserving the structure. The ancient amphitheater is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre in Rome, and one of Rome's most popular tourist attractions.

Learn More:

• The Colosseum - Roman Death Trap - NOVA Video Review
• Photos of the Colosseum in Rome from Italy Travel
• From Flavian Amphitheater to Colosseum from Ancient History
• The Coliseum, a poem by Edgar Allan Poe from Archaeology
• Architecture in Italy
• Nova: Building Wonders (DVD) ( Buy on Amazon )

Great Wall of China

Stretching for thousands of miles, the Great Wall of China protected ancient China from invaders. The Great Wall of China is a UNESCO World Heritage site. In 2007, it was named one of the New 7 Wonders of the World.

No one is sure exactly how long the Great Wall of China is. Many say that the Great Wall extends some 3,700 miles (6,000 kilometers). But the Great Wall is not actually a single wall but a series of disconnected walls.

Snaking along the hills in the southern part of the Mongolian plain, the Great Wall (or Walls) were built over centuries, beginning as early as 500 BC. During the Qin Dynasty (221-206 BC), many walls were joined and re-enforced for greater strength. In places, the massive walls are as tall as 29.5 feet (9 meters).

• More About the Great Wall of China
• Architecture in China

Machu Picchu in Peru

Machu Picchu, the Lost City of the Incas, nestles in a remote ridge among the Peruvian mountains. On July 24, 1911, the American explorer Hiram Bingham was led by natives to a nearly inaccessible deserted Incan city on a Peruvian mountaintop. On this day, Machu Picchu became known to the Western world.

In the fifteenth century, the Inca constructed the small city of Machu Picchu in a ridge between two mountain peaks. Beautiful and remote, the buildings were constructed of finely cut white granite blocks. No mortar was used. Because Machu Picchu is so difficult to reach, this legendary city of the Inca was almost lost to explorers until the early 1900s. The historic sanctuary of Machu Picchu is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

More About Machu Picchu:

• Archaeology of Machu Picchu
• Facts About Machu Picchu

Petra, Jordan, the Nabataean Caravan City

Carved from rose-red limestone, Petra, Jordan was lost to the Western World from about the 14th century until the early 19th century. Today, the ancient city is one of the world's largest and most important archaeological sites. It has been an inscribed property of the UNESCO World Heritage Centre since 1985.

Inhabited for thousands of years, the strikingly beautiful desert city of Petra, Jordan was once home to a civilization long since vanished. Petra's location between the Red Sea and the Dead Sea made it an important center for commerce, where Arabian incense, Chinese silks, and Indian spices were traded. The buildings reflect a welcoming of cultures, combining native Eastern traditions with Western Classical (850 BC-476 AD) architecture from Hellenistic Greece . Noted by UNESCO as "half-built, half-carved into the rock," this capital city also had a sophisticated system of dams and channels for collecting, diverting, and providing water to the arid region.

• Petra, UNESCO World Heritage Centre
• Architecture in the Middle East

The Taj Mahal in Agra, India

Built in 1648, the Taj Mahal in Agra, India is a masterpiece of Muslim architecture. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Some 20,000 workers spent twenty-two years constructing the glistening white Taj Mahal. Made entirely of marble, the structure was designed as a mausoleum for a favorite wife of the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan. Mughal architecture is characterized by harmony, balance, and geometry. Beautifully symmetrical, each element of the Taj Mahal is independent, yet perfectly integrated with the structure as a whole. The master architect was Ustad Isa.

Facts and Stats:

• Top Dome - 213 feet high
• Minarets - 162.5 feet high
• Platform - 186 feet by 186 feet
• Cost To Build - 32 Million Rupees

Taj Mahal Collapse?

The Taj Mahal is one of many famous monuments on the World Monuments Fund's Watch List, which documents endangered landmarks. Pollution and environmental changes have jeopardized the wooden foundation of the Taj Mahal. Professor Ram Nath, an expert on the building, has claimed that unless the foundation is repaired, the Taj Mahal will collapse.

• World Monument Fund: Taj Mahal
• India's Taj Mahal In Danger Of Collapsing in the Huffington Post
• Taj Mahal could collapse within five years in Mail Online
• Architecture of Taj Mahal Dome
• What Is the Taj Mahal?
• Temple for a Lost Love: India's Taj Mahal
• The Mughal Empire in India

Neuschwanstein Castle in Schwangau, Germany

Does Neuschwanstein Castle look familiar? This romantic German palace may have inspired the fairy tale castles created by Walt Disney.

New 7 Wonders Finalist

Although it is called a castle , this building in Schwangau, Germany is not a medieval fortress. With towering white turrets, Neuschwanstein Castle is a fanciful 19th century palace built for Ludwig II, King of Bavaria.

Ludwig II died before his romantic home was completed. Like the much smaller Boldt Castle in the U.S., Neuschwanstein was never completed yet remains a very popular tourist destination. Its popularity is largely based on this castle being the model for Walt Disney's Sleeping Beauty Castle in Anaheim and Hong Kong and the Cinderella Castle in Disney's Orlando and Tokyo magic theme parks.

Acropolis in Athens, Greece

Crowned by the Parthenon temple, the ancient Acropolis in Athens, Greece holds some of the world's most famous architectural landmarks.

Acropolis means high city in Greek. There are many acropoleis in Greece, but the Athens Acropolis, or Citadel of Athens, is the most famous. The Acropolis in Athens was built on top of what is known as the Sacred Rock , and it was supposed to radiate power and protection for its citizens.

The Athens Acropolis is home to many important archaeological sites. The most famous is the Parthenon, a temple dedicated to the Greek goddess Athena. Much of the original Acropolis was destroyed in 480 BC when Persians invaded Athens. Many temples, including the Parthenon, were rebuilt during the Golden Age of Athens (460–430 BC) when Pericles was the ruler.

Phidias, a great Athenian sculptor, and two famous architects, Ictinus and Callicrates, played key roles in the reconstruction of the Acropolis. Construction on the new Parthenon began in 447 BC and was mostly completed in 438 BC.

Today, the Parthenon is an international symbol of Greek civilization and the temples of the Acropolis have become some of the world's most famous architectural landmarks. The Athens Acropolis is a UNESCO World Heritage site. In 2007, the Athens Acropolis was designated a preeminent monument on the European Cultural Heritage list. The Greek government is working to restore and preserve the ancient structures on the Acropolis.

• Classical Architecture
• Archaeology and the Acropolis

Alhambra Palace in Granada, Spain

Alhambra Palace, or the Red Castle , in Granada, Spain contains some of the world's finest examples of Moorish architecture. For many centuries, this Alhambra was neglected. Scholars and archaeologists began restorations in the nineteenth century, and today the Palace is a major tourist attraction.

Along with the Generalife summer palace in Granada, Alhambra Palace is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

Angkor, Cambodia

The world's largest complex of sacred temples, Angkor is a 154 square mile archaeological site (400 square kilometers) in the northern Cambodian province of Siem Reap. The area contains the remains of the Khmer Empire, a sophisticated civilization that prospered between the 9th and 14th centuries in Southeast Asia.

Khmer architectural ideas are thought to have originated in India, but these designs were soon mixed with Asian and local art that evolved to create what UNESCO has called "a new artistic horizon." Beautiful and ornate temples extend throughout the agricultural community that continues to live in Siem Reap. Ranging from simple brick towers to complicated stone structures, temple architecture has identified a distinct social order within the Khmer community.

Not only is Angkor one of the largest sacred temple complexes in the world, but the landscape is testament to the ancient civilization's urban planning. Water collection and distribution systems as well as routes of communication have been unearthed.

The most famous temples in the Angkor Archaeological Park are Angkor Wat—a large, symmetrical, well-restored complex surrounded by geometric canals—and the Bayon Temple, with its giant stone faces.

• Facts About the Angkor Civilization
• Facts About Angkor Wat

Source: Angkor , UNESCO World Heritage Centre [accessed January 26, 2014]

Easter Island Statues: 3 Lessons from Moai

Mysterious giant stone monoliths called Moai dot the coastline of Easter Island. The giant faces that dot the island of Rapa Nui were not chosen in the campaign to select the New 7 Wonders of the World. They are still a world wonder, however—when choosing up sides, you're not always in the top seven picked. What can we learn from these ancient statues when we compare them to other structures around the world? First, a little background:

Location : Isolated volcanic island, now owned by Chili, located in the Pacific Ocean, about 2,000 miles (3,200 km) from Chile and Tahiti Other Names : Rapa Nui; Isla de Pascua (Easter Island is the European name used to describe the inhabited island discovered on Easter Sunday in 1722 by Jacob Roggeveen) Settled : Polynesians, around 300 AD Architectural Significance : Between the 10th and 16th centuries, ceremonial shrines ( ahu ) were built and hundreds of statues ( Moai ) were erected, carved from porous, volcanic rock (scoria). Generally they face inward, toward the island, with their backs to the sea.

The Moai range in height from 2 meters to 20 meters (6.6 to 65.6 feet) and weigh many tons. They resemble enormous heads, but the Moai actually do have bodies beneath the ground. Some Moai faces were decorated with coral eyes. Archaeologists speculate that the Moai represented a god, a mythical creature, or revered ancestors that protect the island.

3 Lessons from Moai:

Yes, they are mysterious, and we may never know the real story of their existence. Scientists deduce what happened based on today's observations, because there is no written history. If only one person on the island had kept a journal, we would know a lot more about what went on. The statues of Easter Island have made us think about ourselves and others, however. What else can we learn from the Moai?

• Ownership : Who owns what architects call the built environment ? In the 1800s, several Moai were removed from the island and today are displayed in museums in London, Paris, and Washington, DC. Should the statues have stayed on Easter Island, and should they be returned? When you build something for someone else, have you given up your ownership of that idea? Architect Frank Lloyd Wright was famous for revisiting houses he had designed and getting angry at modifications made to his design. Sometimes he even hit buildings with his cane! What would the carvers of the Moai think if they saw one of their statues at the Smithsonian Museum?
• Primitive does not mean Stupid or Juvenile : One of the characters in the movie Night at the Museum is the unnamed "Easter Island Head." Instead of intelligent or spiritual dialog from the Moai, the movie's writers chose the head to utter lines such as "Hey! Dum-dum! You give me gum-gum!" Very funny? A culture with a low level of technology is disadvantaged when compared with other societies, but that doesn't make them ignorant. The people who live on what English-speakers call Easter Island have always been isolated. They inhabit the most remote land in the entire world. Their ways may be unsophisticated compared with other parts of the world, but mocking the primitive seems petty and childish.
• Progress happens step-by-step : The statues are thought to have been carved from the island's volcanic soil. Although they may look primitive, they are not very old—perhaps built between 1100 and 1680 AD, which is just 100 years before the American Revolution. During this same time period, great Romanesque and Gothic cathedrals were being built throughout Europe. The Classical forms of ancient Greece and Rome reinvented a Renaissance in architecture. Why were Europeans able to build more complex and grand buildings than the inhabitants of Easter Island? Progress happens in steps and advancement occurs when people share ideas and methods. When people traveled from Egypt to Jerusalem and from Istanbul to Rome, ideas traveled with them. Being isolated on an island makes for a slow evolution of ideas. If only they had had the Internet back then....
• Easter Island History from Archaeology
• Making the Moai of Easter Island from Archaeology
• Easter Island, Navel of the World from South American Travel
• Easter Island Geography from Geography
• Easter Island Statue Project (official site)
• History's Greatest Mysteries: Easter Island by Charles River Editors ( Buy on Amazon )
• Mystery of Easter Island , NOVA (DVD) ( Buy on Amazon )
• Tiki architecture —Almost unbelievably, the statues have been marketed to consumers as a Tiki artifact—as garden statues, light switch plates, t-shirts, and Nanoblock children's toys ( Buy on Amazon ).

Sources: Rapa Nui National Park , UNESCO World Heritage Centre, United Nations [accessed August 19, 2013]; Explore Our Collections , Smithsonian Institution [accessed June 14, 2014]

Eiffel Tower in Paris, France

The Eiffel Tower in France pioneered new uses for metal construction. Today, a trip to Paris is not complete without a visit to the top of the Eiffel Tower.

The Eiffel Tower was originally built for the 1889 World Fair to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the French Revolution. During construction, the Eiffel was considered an eyesore by the French, but the criticism died down once the tower was completed.

The Industrial Revolution in Europe brought about a new trend: the use of metallurgy in construction. Because of this, the engineer's role became increasingly important, in some cases rivaling that of the architect. The work of engineer, architect, and designer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel is perhaps the most famous example of this new use for metal. Eiffel's famous tower in Paris is made of puddled iron .

Learn more about Cast Iron, Wrought Iron, and Cast-Iron Architecture

Engineering the Eiffel Tower:

Rising 324 feet (1,063 meters), the Eiffel Tower is the tallest structure in Paris. For 40 years, it measured the tallest in the world. The metal lattice-work, formed with very pure structural iron, makes the tower both extremely light and able to withstand tremendous wind forces. The Eiffel Tower open to the wind, so when you stand near the top you may have the sensation that you are outside. The open structure also allows visitors to look "through" the tower - to stand in one part of the tower and look through the latticed wall or floor to another part.

• Gustave Eiffel and the Eiffel Tower
• Official Website of the Eiffel Tower
• Architecture in France

Hagia Sophia in Istanbul, Turkey (Ayasofya)

Today's grand Hagia Sophia is the third structure built on this ancient site.

• 360 AD Megale Ekklesia (Big Church) ordered by Emperor Konstantios; wooden roof burned and building destroyed during the public riots of 404 AD
• 415 AD Hagia Sophia (Holy Wisdom) ordered by Emperor Theodosios II; wooden roof burned and building destroyed during the public riots of 532 AD
• 537 AD ordered by Emperor Justinianos ( Flavius Justinianus ); architects Anthemios of Tralles and Isidoros of Miletus each employed 100 architects, each with 100 workers

About Justinian's Hagia Sophia, New 7 Wonders Finalist

Historic Period : Byzantine Length : 100 meters Width : 69.5 meters Height : Dome from the ground level is 55.60 meters; 31.87 meters radius North to South; 30.86 meters radius East to West Materials : white marble from Marmara Island; green porphyry from Eğriboz Island; pink marble from Afyon; yellow marble from North Africa Columns : 104 (40 in the lower and 64 in the upper); nave columns are from the Temple of Artemis in Ephessus; eight dome columns are from Egypt Structural Engineering : Pendentives Mosaics : stone, glass, terra cotta, and precious metals (gold and silver) Calligraphy Panels : 7.5 - 8 meters in diameter, said to be the largest in the Islamic world

Source: History, Hagia Sophia Museum at www.ayasofyamuzesi.gov.tr/en/tarihce.html [accessed April 1, 2013]

Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto, Japan

Architecture blends with nature at Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto, Japan. The words Kiyomizu , Kiyomizu-dera or Kiyomizudera can refer to several Buddhist temples, but the most famous is the Kiyomizu Temple in Kyoto. In Japanese, kiyoi mizu means pure water .

Kyoto's Kiyomizu Temple was constructed in 1633 on the foundations of a much earlier temple. A waterfall from adjacent hills tumbles into the temple complex. Leading into the temple is a wide veranda with hundreds of pillars.

Kremlin and St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, Russia

The Kremlin in Moscow is the symbolic and governmental center of Russia. Just outside the Kremlin Gates is St. Basil's Cathedral , also called the Cathedral of the Protection of the Mother of God. St. Basil's Cathedral is a carnival of painted onion domes in the most expressive of Russo-Byzantine traditions. St. Basil's was built between 1554 and 1560 and reflects the renewed interest in traditional Russian styles during the reign of Ivan IV (the Terrible).

Ivan IV built St. Basil's Cathedral to honor Russia's victory over the Tatars at Kazan. It is said that Ivan the Terrible had the architects blinded so that they could never again design a building so beautiful.

Cathedral Square in Moscow has some of Russia's most important architecture, including the Cathedral of the Dormition, The Archangel's Cathedral, Grand Kremlin Palace, and Terem Palace.

Pyramids of Giza, Egypt

The most famous pyramids in Egypt are the Pyramids of Giza, built more than 2,000 years B.C. to shelter and safeguard the souls of Egyptian pharaohs. In 2007, the Pyramids were named honorary candidates in a campaign to name the New 7 Wonders of the World.

In the valley of Giza, Egypt are three large pyramids: the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Kafhre, and the Pyramid of Menkaura. Each Pyramid is a tomb constructed for an Egyptian king.

Original 7 Wonders

The Great Pyramid of Khufu is the largest, oldest, and the best preserved of the three Pyramids. Its enormous base covers approximately nine acres (392,040 square feet). Constructed in about 2560 BC, the Great Pyramid of Khufu is the only surviving monument from the original 7 Wonders of the Ancient World. The other Wonders of the Ancient World were:

• The Hanging Gardens of Babylon
• The Statue of Zeus at Olympia
• The Temple of Artemus at Ephesus
• The Colossus of Rhodes
• The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus
• The Pharos Lighthouse of Alexandria

Statue of Liberty, New York City

Sculpted by a French artist, the Statue of Liberty is an enduring symbol of the United States. Towering over Liberty Island in New York, the Statue of Liberty is recognized around the world as a symbol of the United States. French sculptor Frederic Auguste Bartholdi designed the Statue of Liberty, which was a gift from France to the United States.

New 7 Wonders Finalist, The Statue of Liberty:

• Construction began in France in 1875.
• Ten years later in 1885, a French transport ship carried the statue to New York in 214 crates holding 350 separate pieces.
• Height: 151 feet 1 inch; Total height on pedestal: 305 feet 1 inch.
• Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel used an internal skeleton , a flexible engineering approach that allows the statue to sway several inches in strong winds.
• Weight of statue: 156 tons (31 tons of copper attached to 125 tons of framework).
• Liberty's Crown has 25 windows and 7 rays.
• Liberty's head is 10 feet wide; each eye is 2 1/2 feet wide; her nose is 4 1/2 feet long; her mouth is 3 feet wide.

The Statue of Liberty was assembled on a pedestal designed by American architect Richard Morris Hunt . The statue and pedestal were officially completed and dedicated by President Grover Cleveland on October 28, 1886.

Stonehenge in Amesbury, UK

One of the world's most famous archaeological sites, Stonehenge reveals the science and skill of a Neolithic civilization. Before recorded history, Neolithic people erected 150 huge rocks in a circular pattern on the Salisbury Plain in southern England. Most of Stonehenge was built about two thousand years before the Common Era (2000 BC). No one knows for certain why the structure was built or how a primitive society was able to raise the enormous rocks. Massive stones recently discovered in nearby Durrington Walls suggest that Stonehenge was part of a vast Neolithic landscape, much larger than previously imaged.

New 7 Wonders Finalist, Stonehenge

Location : Wiltshire, England Completed : 3100 to 1100 BC Architects : a Neolithic civilization in Britain Construction Materials : Wiltshire Sarsen sandstone and Pembroke (Wales) Bluestone

Why is Stonehenge Important?

Stonehenge is also on the UNESCO World Heritage list. UNESCO calls Stonehenge "the most architecturally sophisticated prehistoric stone circle in the world," citing these reasons:

• size of the prehistoric stones, the the largest weighs over 40 tons (80,000 pounds)
• sophisticated placement of the large stones in a concentric architectural design
• artistic shaping of the stones
• constructed with different kinds of stone
• precision of engineering, stone lintels locked horizontally in place by carved joints

Source: Stonehenge, Avebury and Associated Sites , UNESCO World Heritage Centre, United Nations [accessed August 19, 2013].

Sydney Opera House, Australia

Designed by Danish architect Jørn Utzon , the startling shell-shaped Sydney Opera House in Australia inspires delight and controversy. Utzon began work on the Sydney Opera House in 1957, but controversy surrounded the construction. The modern expressionist building wasn't completed until 1973, under the direction of Peter Hall.

During recent years, updates and renovations to the shell-shaped theater have remained a subject of heated debate. Despite the many controversies, the Sydney Opera House is widely praised as one of the world's great landmarks. It was added to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 2007.

Timbuktu in Mali, West Africa

Founded by Nomads, the city of Timbuktu became legendary for its wealth. The name Timbuktu has taken on mythic meaning, suggesting a place that is very far away. The real Timbuktu lies in Mali, in West Africa. Scholars surmise that the area became an Islamic outpost at the time of the Hijra. Legend has it that an old woman named Buktu guarded the camp. The Place of Buktu or Tim-Buktu became a safe haven for the many merchants and traders supplying the architects of Gothic cathedrals with gold from West Africa. Timbuktu became a center for wealth, culture, art, and higher learning. The famous University of Sankore, founded in the fourteenth century, drew scholars from far away. Three major Islamic mosques, Djingareyber, Sankore and Sidi Yahia, made Timbuktu a great spiritual center in the region.

The splendor of Timbuktu is reflected today in Timbuktu's fascinating Islamic architecture. The mosques were important in the spread of Islam into Africa, and the threat of their "desertification" prompted UNESCO to name Timbuktu a World Heritage Site in 1988. The future held much more severe threats.

21st Century Unrest:

In 2012, Islamic radicals took control of Timbuktu and began destroying parts of its iconic architecture, reminiscent of the Taliban's destruction of Afghanistan's ancient shrines in 2001. Ansar al-Dine (AAD), an Al-Qaeda-linked group, used picks and axes to tear down the door and wall area of the famous Sidi Yahia mosque. Ancient religious belief warned that opening the door would bring calamity and devastation. Ironically, AAD devastated the mosque to prove that the world would not end if the door opened.

The region remains unstable for the casual visitor. The U.s. Department of State has designated AAD a Foreign Terrorist Organization and as of 2014 travel warnings remain in place for the region. The historic preservation of the ancient architecture seems to be controlled by whoever is in power.

• Fleeing Islamists leave legacy of destruction in Timbuktu by Pascal Fletcher and Giles Elgood, Reuters , January 29, 2013
• The Legend of Timbuktu
• Splendor in Medieval Africa

Sources: UNESCO/CLT/WHC ; Islamists destroy 15th-century Timbuktu mosque , The Telegraph , July 3, 2012; Mali Travel Warning , U.S. Dept. of State, March 21, 2014 [accessed July 1, 2014]

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93. English Essay Example on: New Seven Wonders of the World

New Seven Wonders of the World

A unique election was held in Portugal’s capital Lisbon, in July 2007. In this election, seven sites were chosen as the new wonders of the world in an online poll that drew more than 100 million voters.

The Taj Mahal — It is a mausoleum located at Agra in Uttar Pradesh, in India. It was built by Mughal Emperor Shahjahan in the memory of his wife Mumtaz Mahal. In 1983, the Taj became a UNESCO World Heritage site and was cited as ‘the jewel of Muslim art’ in India. It is now universally admired the masterpiece of the world heritage.

The Great Wall of China — It is the largest monument in the world. It extends from the Pacific Ocean to the borders of Central Asia. In 1986, the Wall of China was selected as a world heritage site by UNESCO.

 The Pink Ruins of Petra in Jordan — It is a UNESCO World Heritage site located 200 km south of the capital Amman. It comprises stunning temples and tombs carved in rocks. It was the capital of Arab Nabataen nomads.

The Statue of Christ the Redeemer in Rio de Janeiro — It is a statue of Christ in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The statue stands 39.6 metres tall and weighs 700 tons. The statue has become an icon of Rio and Brazil.

 Incan Ruins of Macha Picchu — It is a pre-Columbian city created by the Inca Empire. It is located at 2430 metres altitude on a mountain ridge. It was constructed around 1450, during the glory of the Inca Empire.

The Colosseum in Rome — It is a symbol of the city of Rome. It was built nearly 2000 years ago around the first century A.D., during the Roman Empire. It is Rome’s largest amphitheatre.

The Ancient Mayan city of Chichen Itza in Mexico — It is the largest pre-Columbian archaeological site built by the Maya civilization located in the northern centre of the Yucatan Peninsula, present-day Mexico.

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What Are The 7 Wonders Of The World?

Ancient Greek pilgrims compiled a list of the most astonishing creations they came across in their trials, and today, we honor that legacy by doing the same. As of 2007, according to the New7Wonders Foundation, these are the most stunning constructions people have ever built.

The 7 Wonders Of The World

The Great Wall Of China - China, Built In 700 BCE

A creation that serves as one of the largest archives of historical documents and a morgue, the Great Wall of China has gone far beyond its original purpose as just a defensive measure. Let's unpack that: because it was in construction for nearly 2,000 years by separate dynasties, inscriptions, and corpses are carved and buried onto and into this megalithic icon. Furthermore, tourist hype forced Chinese authorities to implement a daily limit of 65,000 visitors in places like the Badaling section of the Great Wall. It is hard to estimate the total annual visitors due to it being 5,500 miles (8,851 km) long, but around 150 million inbound tourists visit Beijing each year, and travel bloggers frequently claim that almost all tourists visiting Beijing are planning to check out the wall.

In ancient times, foreign visitors were the antithesis of the wall's purpose because it was designed to prevent invasions by northern tribes, although it occasionally failed, like when  Ghengis Khan overran it in 1214 CE  with his nomadic army. Sadly, many stretches of the wall have vanished because of erosion and human disturbance. It also has a history as a form of border control for the Silk Road era, and it expedited the transmission of information from one region to another. Also, emperors would frequently expand or reinforce it as a demonstration of their dynasty's power and wealth. Despite popular belief, the wall is not visible from space, but it is visible in person; this is all the more reason to book a flight and check it out.

Petra - Jordan, Built In 312 BCE

"This is impossible" is a common thought for those who stand beneath the carved red-rock mountains in Petra. Yet, there it is. This ancient trading hub is larger than any painting or picture can capture, which is a reality that its one million annual visitors can understand. The buildings, sculpted straight out of the canyon walls, would have been endangered by sudden flash floods, but the Nabateans (a wealthy arab kingdom) designed a complex water control system to manage this. Due to the desert climate, they even installed an intricate series of dams, canals, and reservoirs into the rock faces to maintain a consistent water supply for 20,000 inhabitants. Those grooves still exist in the rock walls today, collecting moisture the same way as they did two thousand years ago.

Additionally, a legend once existed regarding a carved urn in the Treasury facade: Bedouin sharpshooters left bullet holes across it hundreds of years ago, believing that it held priceless riches within. The original occupants were also religious, and several of the carved buildings, like the Monastery and High Place of Sacrifice, were designed for ritual. More recently, the abandoned city has been the site of films like Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade . If you stumble across the complex today, a group of resilient people still reside in the carved homes, peddling crafts and offering rides on camels and horses.

The Colosseum - Italy, Built In 80 CE

Emperors are addicted to cementing their legacy by constructing incredible wonders, and the relationship between Emperor Vespasian and the Colosseum he commissioned is no different. The project was so grand that it was his son Titus' responsibility to complete it, and Emperor Domitian earned a little credit by making substantial modifications. Roman concrete, limestone, and volcanic rock were essential ingredients to this 50,000-spectator arena, and earthquakes and stone thieves tried and failed to tear it down.

It was not a site for friendly bouts of football and musical concerts — gladiators fought for a bloody victory, battles were reenacted, and terrifying, exotic animals were put on display. The effort had a singular purpose beyond mere spectacle: to provide the crowds with entertainment as a means of preventing unrest, which can lead to riots and regime change. However, after Rome collapsed , the space was converted into housing, workshops, and even religious spaces during the medieval eras. Today, over six million people visit it each year, and it continues to host exciting exhibitions and shows.

Chichén Itzá - Mexico, Built In 600 CE

This site is a golden example to prove that Egyptians were not the only ones capable of constructing enormous pyramids. The largest structure, El Castillo, is 98 feet and utilizes 365 stone steps to represent the solar year. The Maya people went beyond just sheer scale: during the equinoxes, a mystical shadow appears due to ingenious engineering, and a serpent's shadow appears to slither down the staircase. Naturally, this attention to detail means that the whole area was a religious, political, and economic center for the Mayan civilization that seems to have vanished overnight, abandoning all settlements by 900 CE. Stone tools were enough to create this 5 km2 complex, which is one of the reasons it fits as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Astronomy and acoustics were common sciences in this city, which is fitted with an ancient observatory, and whispers at one end of the Ball Court can be heard 135 meters away at the other end. Human sacrifices were performed here, but thankfully, its 3 million yearly visitors will not have to witness those extinct practices.

Machu Picchu - Peru, Built In 1450 CE

Can you imagine the astonishment of those who discovered this metropolis, seemingly floating on clouds between mountains? The Machu Picchu, perched high in the Andes Mountains of Peru , is a stone's throw from Cuzco. Although it was well known to the local people, the West took note of it in 1911 when it was spotted by the American explorer Hiram Bingham. It was initially believed to be Vilcabamba, a hidden Incan haven during the Spanish resistance. The genuine intent behind this 15th-century structure, however, remains debated, with suggestions that it served as a sanctuary for the revered 'Virgins of the Sun,' a place of worship, or perhaps a regal escape. Notwithstanding its remote and towering position, travelers can step back in time amidst meticulously preserved Incan edifices showcasing farming terraces, open squares, living quarters, and skillfully designed shrines. Erected around 1450 as an imperial commission under Inca ruler Pachacuti, the site mesmerizes onlookers with its smooth, dry-stone construction and breathtaking vistas of the encompassing valley.

The Taj Mahal - India, Built In 1643 CE

The Taj Mahal welcomes an astonishing 35 to 40 thousand visitors every day — and with busy seasons, it is no stranger to up to 8 million visitors annually. The origin of this marbled expression of love lies in the celebrated reign of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan 400 years ago. This leader had a desire to build a monument to the object of his affection and favorite wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Ultimately, it exists as a tomb for her, but she is certainly one of the few people who will not be forgotten as time goes by.

It took 20 thousand artisans to create this place, with precious jewels and marble that are said to gleam pink and white depending on the time of day. As a UNESCO World Heritage Site (since 1983), the architecture is a celebration of the Mughal style. One fascinating choice the designers made was to slightly tilt the four minarets (towers) away from the main structure so that in the case of disaster, they would not collapse towards the tomb and cause more damage. Bear in mind, if you take the pilgrimage there, that the complex also hosts a brilliant mosque and a guest house that are worthy of appreciation, too.

Christ The Redeemer - Brazil, Built In 1931 CE

The Christ the Redeemer statue in Rio de Janeiro is an awe-inspiring symbol of both faith and architectural brilliance. Overlooking the city from atop Mount Corcovado, this religious icon is visited by almost 2 million people per year. Initiated in the period following World War I , its creation from 1926 to 1931 was a collective endeavor involving Heitor da Silva Costa, Carlos Oswald, and Paul Landowski. With a striking height of 98 feet and its arms reaching 92 feet wide, it's a marvel to behold. The base further elevates its grandeur by 26 feet. Made of reinforced concrete and embellished with over six million tiles, this statue is recognized as the world's most prominent Art Deco figure. Despite weather challenges, like lightning strikes, it remains steadfast, only once suffering damage to Jesus's right thumb in 2014. From almost any location in Rio, its silhouette can be discerned, providing incredible views and drawing both believers and admirers. Its significance and beauty rightfully earn it a place among the world's most revered landmarks.

Final Thoughts

Is it possible that in our lifetimes we will witness the construction of a new wonder? Many point at mesmerizing sights like the Burj Khalifa or the Hoover Dam but it is hard to disagree that they do not quite fit the theme of antiquity and reverence. Perhaps modernity is incompatible with the concept, and the list will remain literally locked in stone. Or, future classrooms will pour over infographics detailing the "8 wonders" in a development yet to come. Regardless, we can all be thankful that we have a world history worth celebrating.

Map Showing New 7 Wonders Of The World

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Essay on “The New Seven Wonders of the World” Complete Essay for Class 10, Class 12 and Graduation and other classes.

Essay No. 01

The New Seven Wonders of the World

History gives sanctity to only one list of seven wonders the one compiled in 200 BC by the Greek mathematics Philon of Byzantium. The monuments that featured in the ancient list were the Colossus of Rhodes the pharos at Alexandria, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Mausoleum of Mausolus at Halicarnassus and the Statue of Zeus at Olympia. The Taj Mahal does not figure in it because obviously it did not exist then,

The tradition of Seven Wonders has inspired succeeding generations to compile countless lists sice the Alexandrian era. The Seven Wonders of the Middle ages were the Colosseum of Rome the Catacombs of Alexzandria the Great Wall of CHina, the Stonehenge the Porcelain Tower of Nanjing, China, the leaning Tower of Pisa , Italy, and the Hagia Sopia of Constantinople.

The new seven wonders project kicked off in 2001 by the swiss adventure Bernard Weber, rectifies a problem with the old list. Actually the Greek writers were limited by their borders and could not have seen what else was going on around the world.

Later there was global movement to choose the new seven wonders of the world by structured international polling. It was initiated by the swiss entrepreneur Bernard Weber. The polling was open to all prince or pauper across the world. The campaign made it mandatory that the structures must be manmade and be in sufficient state of preservation.

The new seven wonders of the world were announced on July 7, 2007 in Lisbon,Portugal after a much hyped worldwide poll. The Taj Mahal was named at the top position in a new list of Seven Wonders of the World. The other six who made it were the pyramid at Chichen Itza of Mexico, the Christ the Redeemer of Brazil the Roman Colossseum of Italy the great wall of china the Machu Picchu of Peru and the pink ruins of Petra in Jordan.

The Taj Mahal was built in 1630 A.D in Agra, India. This immense and exclusive mausoleum was built on the orders of Shah Jahan, the fifth Mughal. The Taj Mahal is considered to the most perfect jewel of the Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world heritage.

The Pyramid at Chechen Itza, Mexico was built before 800 A.D Mexico Chechen Itza the most famous Mayan temple city, served as the political and economic centre of the Mayan civilization. This archeological site covers an area of approximately six square miles. The ruis are divided into two parts one part was built between 10th and 13th centuries A.D.

The Christ the Redeemer was built in Brazil in 1931. This statue of jesus stands some 38 mt. tall, atop the Corcovado mountain overlooking the Rio de Janeiro, designed by the Brazilian Heitor da Silva Costa. It was created by the French sculptor Paul Landowski.

The roman colosseum Italy was built between 70-82 A.D. to celebrate the glory of the Roman Empire. This is a great amphitheatre. This huge theatre has four floors and a total spectator capacity of about 50,000. This construction was started by the roman emperor Vespasian and was completed by his son, Titus.

The machu picchu was built in Peru, South America ,in the15th century, the I can emperor Pachacutee buit a city in the clouds of the mountain known as Machu Picchu. This extraordinary settlement lies halfway up the Andes plateau.Myths and legends indicate that the machu picchu was reserved as a sacred place and it was used as astronomical observatory.

Petra was built in Jordan between 9 B.C. and 40 A.D. on the edge of the Arabian Desert. Petra was the glittering capital of the Nabataian Empire of king Aretas IV. Petra is famous for having many stone structures carved johann Ludwig Burckhardt in 1812.

These seven wonders of the world are the most popular tourist spots in the world. Every year millions of tourists go to see them. The inclusion of the Taj Mahal at the top position has enhanced India’s prestige.

Essay No. 02

New 7 Wonders of the World

On 7/7/7 (a string of sevens) the new seven wonders of the world were announced by the New 7 Wonders Foundation (N7W) , a privately funded organization from Zurich in Switzerland. The announcement was made in Lisbon since it was a neutral country because no historical places was a contender for the new seven wonders from the country. The seven wonders were selected by millions of voters from across the globe by online or via telephone for their countries historical monuments to win and find a place in the new seven wonders of the world. The initial ten shortlisted historical places out of which seven wonders were globally elected were :

• Great Wall of China : was built (220 BC and 1368-1644 AD) to keep from invading Mongol tribes out of China. It is the longest man made monument to be visible from space!
• Ruins of Petra : was the glittering capital of the Nabatae-an empire of King Arctas IV (9 BC to 40 AD). It had great tunnel construction, theatre and its 42-metre high Hellenistic temple facade on the El-Deir Monastery are impressive examples of Middle Eastern Culture.
• Acropolis of Athens : The Acropolis (450-330 Be) temples have become the most famous architectural land marks of ancient and modern history.
• Chicken Itza ; It symbolizes worship and knowledge and was the most famous Mayan (800 AD) temple city.
• The Statue of Christ Redeemer : A 38 metres tall statue of Jesus stands atop the carcovado mountain overlooking Rio de Janeiro since 1031. It welcomes visitors to Brazil.
• Roman Colosseum : An amphitheater in the centre of Rome was built in (70-82 AD) to celebrate the glory of the Roman Empire. Cruel fights and games used to take place in the area for the joy of the spectators!
• Easter Land Statues Is a collection of 25 metre-high stone sculptures by the society of Polynesian and is believed to be erected between (10th and 16th century). These stone figures are known as Moat
• Eiffel Tower: was created by Guestave Eiffel in 1887-89 AD. It is a magnificent steel tower and is a symbol of Paris. It is a fine example of an architecture.
• Taj Mahal : was a mausoleum built in 17th century by Shah Japan in memory of his beloved wife Noor Jean. It is built out of white marble and is the greatest symbol of love and passion.
• Incan Emperor Pachacutec The extraordinary settlement was built on the mountain known as Machu Picchu. It is a symbol of dedication and community.

The Seven New Wonders of the World are:

• Taj Mahal (India)
• Great Wall of China (China)
• Ruins of Petra(Jordan)
• The Coloseum (Rome)
• Statue of Christ Redeemer (Brazil)
• Perus Machu Picchu (Peru)
• Chichen Itza Pyramid (Mexico)

Essay No. 03

The Seven New Wonders of The World

The project named as ‘New 7 Wonders of the World’ was launched, as a private initiative, by Bernard Weber of Swiss-origin, in 1999. The New Open World Corporation and relevant website were established in 2001. The objective of the New 7 Wonders Foundation was to revive the ‘seven wonders of the ancient world’ concept, and prepare a list of modern ‘new 7 wonders of the world’ through a popular vote.

Herodotus (484 BC-425 BC) and Callimachus (305 BC-240 BC) had listed the ‘ancient’ 7 wonders of the world as: Great Pyramid of Giza, Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Mausoleum of Maussollos at Halicarnassus, Colossus of Rhodes, and Lighthouse of Alexandria. Of these, only the Great Pyramid of Giza is still standing; other six were destroyed in earthquake, fire, or due to other reasons.

For inclusion in the list of ‘new 7 wonders’ , the site had to be man-made, completed before the year 2000, and be in an acceptable state of preservation. People were invited to cast their votes through the internet or telephone. Over 100 million votes were cast to select `new 7 wonders’ from among the sites in 200 countries of the world. There was no check on multiple voting. By November 2005, 177 monuments were up for consideration. On 1 January 2006, the list was narrowed down to 21 sites. Later, following complaints from Egypt over the inclusion of their ancient Great Pyramid in the list of ‘new 7 wonders’, it was reduced to 20. A midpoint tally had a top 10 list which included all 7 winners, plus Acropolis (Greece), Easter Island Moais (Chile) and the Eiffel Tower (France). T

The winners were announced on 7 July 2007 in Lisbon, Portugal.

The project had assigned attributes to each finalist, such as perseverance for the Great Wall of China and passion for the Taj Mahal.

In India, the movement had gathered momentum and reached a crescendo in July 2007 with news channels, radio stations, and many celebrities asking the public to vote. The Taj Mahal made it to the list of ‘new 7 wonders of the world’

The organizing foundation had relied on private donations, the sale of promotional merchandise and revenue from broadcasting rights to obtain funds, and originally committed to investing 50% of excess revenue in global good causes related to monument preservation and reconstruction. However, at the end, they wriggled out claiming ‘no earning’ from the exercise.

This project had nothing to do with the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) whose ‘World Heritage List’ is different, and Taj Mahal was included in it in 1983. The Taj Mahal is a mausoleum in Agra, India, that was built under Mughal Emperor ShahJahan in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It has been cited as ‘the jewel of Muslim art in India and is one of the most admired masterpieces of the World’s Heritage’.

With immense public participation, the ‘new 7 wonders of the world’ have been chosen, and India’s Taj Mahal is one of them for people across the world to admire and enjoy.

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Essay on Seven Wonders Of The World

Students are often asked to write an essay on Seven Wonders Of The World in their schools and colleges. And if you’re also looking for the same, we have created 100-word, 250-word, and 500-word essays on the topic.

Let’s take a look…

100 Words Essay on Seven Wonders Of The World

Seven wonders of the world: a journey through history.

The Seven Wonders of the World are iconic structures that have captured the imagination of people for centuries. These awe-inspiring creations showcase the ingenuity, skill, and artistic achievements of ancient civilizations. Let’s explore each of these remarkable wonders:

Great Pyramid of Giza:

This colossal pyramid, located in Egypt, is the oldest and largest of the Seven Wonders. Built as a tomb for Pharaoh Khufu, its massive size and precise construction techniques continue to amaze visitors.

Hanging Gardens of Babylon:

These legendary gardens, located in present-day Iraq, were said to be a breathtaking sight. Lush terraces filled with exotic plants and flowers cascaded down from the palace walls, creating a vibrant oasis.

Statue of Zeus at Olympia:

This majestic statue of the Greek god Zeus stood tall in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, Greece. Made of ivory and gold, it symbolized power and divinity and was considered one of the greatest masterpieces of ancient art.

Temple of Artemis at Ephesus:

This magnificent temple, located in Turkey, was dedicated to the Greek goddess Artemis. Its towering columns and intricate carvings reflected the architectural prowess of the ancient Greeks.

Mausoleum at Halicarnassus:

This elaborate tomb, located in Turkey, was built for Mausolus, a Persian satrap. Its grandeur and ornate decorations made it a symbol of wealth and power.

Colossus of Rhodes:

This towering bronze statue of the Greek sun god Helios stood at the entrance to the harbor of Rhodes, Greece. Its immense size and impressive engineering made it a marvel of the ancient world.

Lighthouse of Alexandria:

This colossal lighthouse, located in Egypt, guided ships safely into the harbor of Alexandria. Its brilliant light, visible for miles, made it a symbol of progress and innovation.

These Seven Wonders of the World stand as testaments to the creativity and ingenuity of ancient civilizations. While some have been lost to time, their legacy continues to inspire awe and wonder.

250 Words Essay on Seven Wonders Of The World

The great pyramid of giza.

Of all the wonders, the Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and the only one that still stands today. It is located in Egypt and was built as a tomb for Pharaoh Khufu. The pyramid is made up of over 2 million blocks of stone, each weighing an average of 2.5 tons. It is an awe-inspiring sight to behold, and it is no wonder that it is considered one of the Seven Wonders of the World.

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were a lush and beautiful garden said to have been built in the ancient city of Babylon. They were reportedly constructed by King Nebuchadnezzar II for his wife, Queen Amytis. The gardens were said to have been filled with all sorts of exotic plants and flowers, and they were watered by a complex system of canals and pumps. Although the gardens are no longer in existence, they remain one of the most legendary and iconic of the Seven Wonders of the World.

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was a colossal temple dedicated to the Greek goddess Artemis. It was located in the ancient city of Ephesus, in what is now Turkey. The temple was built in the 6th century BC and was considered one of the most magnificent buildings in the ancient world. It was destroyed by a fire in the 4th century AD, but it remains one of the most famous and iconic of the Seven Wonders of the World.

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a massive statue of the Greek god Zeus. It was located in the Temple of Zeus at Olympia, in what is now Greece. The statue was made of ivory and gold and was over 40 feet tall. It was considered one of the finest works of art in the ancient world, and it was one of the most popular tourist attractions in Greece. The statue was destroyed in a fire in the 5th century AD, but it remains one of the most iconic and famous of the Seven Wonders of the World.

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a magnificent tomb built for Mausolus, the satrap of Caria. It was located in the ancient city of Halicarnassus, in what is now Turkey. The mausoleum was built in the 4th century BC and was considered one of the most impressive buildings in the ancient world. It was destroyed by an earthquake in the 15th century AD, but it remains one of the most famous and iconic of the Seven Wonders of the World.

500 Words Essay on Seven Wonders Of The World

The original seven wonders of the world.

The Seven Wonders of the World are amazing structures built by people who lived long ago. They are called “wonders” because they are very special and impressive. The original Seven Wonders were: the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, the Statue of Zeus at Olympia, the Temple of Artemis at Ephesus, the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, the Colossus of Rhodes, and the Lighthouse of Alexandria.

The Great Pyramid of Giza is the oldest and largest of the Seven Wonders. It was built as a tomb for the Egyptian pharaoh Khufu. The pyramid is made of over 2 million blocks of stone, each weighing about 2 tons. It is so big that it can be seen from space!

The Hanging Gardens of Babylon were a series of terraced gardens built in the ancient city of Babylon. The gardens were said to be so beautiful that they were one of the Seven Wonders of the World. Unfortunately, the Hanging Gardens are no longer standing, so we can only imagine how beautiful they must have been.

The Statue of Zeus at Olympia was a giant statue of the Greek god Zeus. The statue was made of ivory and gold, and it was so large that it filled the entire temple where it was housed. The Statue of Zeus was one of the most famous works of art in the ancient world, but it was destroyed in a fire in the 5th century AD.

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus is one of the Seven Wonders that is still standing today. It is a stunning building located in what is now Turkey. The temple was dedicated to Artemis, the Greek goddess of the hunt. It was built in the 6th century BC, and it was one of the largest and most beautiful temples in the ancient world.

The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was a tomb built for Mausolus, a king of Caria. The mausoleum was made of marble, and it was decorated with sculptures and paintings. It was one of the most impressive buildings in the ancient world, but it was destroyed by earthquakes in the 15th century.

The Colossus of Rhodes

The Colossus of Rhodes was a giant statue of the Greek god Helios. The statue was made of bronze, and it was so large that it could be seen from miles away. The Colossus of Rhodes was one of the tallest statues in the ancient world, but it was destroyed by an earthquake in the 3rd century BC.

The Lighthouse of Alexandria

The Lighthouse of Alexandria was a tall tower built on the island of Pharos near Alexandria, Egypt. The lighthouse was used to guide ships into the harbor of Alexandria. It was one of the tallest buildings in the ancient world, and it was one of the Seven Wonders. The Lighthouse of Alexandria was destroyed by earthquakes in the 14th century.

The Seven Wonders of the World are amazing structures that show the skill and creativity of people who lived long ago. They are a reminder of the beauty and wonder of the world around us.

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Arabian historical and archaeological city, Jordan

One of the New 7 Wonders of the World

Ma'an governorate, jordan.

Petra (Arabic: البتراء, Al-Batrāʾ ; Ancient Greek: Πέτρα), originally known to the Nabataeans as Raqmu , is a historical and archaeological city in southern Jordan. The city is famous for its rock-cut architecture and water conduit system. Another name for Petra is the Rose City due to the color of the stone out of which it is carved.

Established possibly as early as 312 BC as the capital city of the Arab Nabataeans, it is a symbol of Jordan, as well as Jordan’s most-visited tourist attraction. The Nabateans were nomadic Arabs who benefited from the proximity of Petra to the regional trade routes, in becoming a major trading hub, thus enabling them to gather wealth. The Nabateans are also known for their great ability in constructing efficient water collecting methods in the barren deserts and their talent in carving structures into solid rocks. It lies on the slope of Jebel al-Madhbah (identified by some as the biblical Mount Hor) in a basin among the mountains which form the eastern flank of Arabah (Wadi Araba), the large valley running from the Dead Sea to the Gulf of Aqaba. Petra has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 1985.

The site remained unknown to the western world until 1812, when it was introduced by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. It was described as “a rose-red city half as old as time” in a Newdigate Prize-winning poem by John William Burgon. UNESCO has described it as “one of the most precious cultural properties of man’s cultural heritage”. Petra was named amongst the New7Wonders of the World in 2007 and was also chosen by the Smithsonian Magazine as one of the “28 Places to See Before You Die”.

The Official

New 7 wonders of the world.

Machu Picchu

15th-century Inca site in Peru

A white marble mausoleum in Agra, India

Chichén Itzá

Pyramid at Chichén Itzá, Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico

Cristo Redentor

statue of Jesus in Río de Janeiro, Brazil

Great Wall of China

series of fortifications built along the historical border of China

elliptical amphitheatre in Rome

The 21 Finalists

Latest news, new7wonders continues, find out how in our news room, bernard weber & new 7 wonders featured in switzerland’s number one magazine.

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New7Wonders Wonder Marker at the Great Wall celebrated across Chinese News Media

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Beijing and Zurich, 7 July 2023 Today marked the unveiling of the Wonder Marker, the 3 metre high signpost that celebrates the Great Wall of China as one of the official New 7 Wonders of the World (N7W) as chosen by a global public vote.  The ceremony took place at Huangyaguan Great Wall, Tianjin Province, … Continued

Great Wall of China to Unveil New7Wonders of the World “Wonder Marker”

Beijing and Zurich, 5 July 2023 On Friday, July 7, the Great Wall of China will unveil the “Wonder Marker,” the official symbol created by the New7Wonders Foundation (N7W) to honour the seven most remarkable historic sites on earth.    The unveiling will take place at Huangyaguan Great Wall, Tianjin Province, one of the most … Continued

The New 7 Wonders of the World celebrate 15 years

The New 7 Wonders of the World celebrate their 15th anniversary on 7 July 2022, as this is the date when the Wonders were announced at the official declaration ceremony that took place in Lisbon, Portugal in 2007. On a historic night on an equally historic date, 7/7/7 – the 7th of July 2007 – … Continued

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English Essay on “New Seven Wonders of The World-Taj Mahal” Essay-Paragraph-Speech for Class 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 CBSE Students.

New seven wonders of the world-taj mahal.

Taj Mahal, according to a greater thinker, “is a drop of love on the rosy cheeks of time.” Tagore called it, “A Dream in Marble” while others held the view that it is “Poem in Marble” and “Symphony in Stone.” This majestic piece of art and architecture was built by Shah Jahan, the Mughal Emperor, in memory of his beloved wife, Mumtaz Mahal. This historical monument is a monument of love between Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal. The main building stands on a platform. On the four corners of the platform, there stand four towers acting like four sentinels of this central crown of glory. Inside the tomb, is the graveyard of Shah Jahan’s wife. At the back of the Taj, runs the sacred river Yamuna. The reflection of the Taj Mahal in the still waters of Yamuna on a moonlit night is an exquisite sight. Thousands of people visit this great work of art. The entire building, which is made up of white marble, shines like a dream on a moonlit night. It is said that crores of rupees were spent and many labourers were employed in order to construct this tombstone. It took 31 years to complete. Many a poet, thinker, and writer has showered encomium on this historical building. It was hoped that in the years to come, it would continue to be ranked among the Seven Wonders of the World.

Finally, the Taj Mahal, regarded as one of the most beautiful monuments, was 07-07-2007 night voted in a global poll as one of the new Seven Wonders of the World. Officials of the Media Corp. the Indian representatives of ‘New Seven Wonders of the World’, claimed that they got the information about the Mughal marvel getting into the list from the Swiss organization. Which organized the worldwide campaign. The official declaration of the new Seven Wonders of the World was made in Lisbon later in the night. The official declaration ceremony began at Estadio da Luz in Lisbon minutes after midnight. Actress Bipasha Bashu represented India and its pride Taj Mahal at the new Seven Wonders of the World event. Meanwhile, with the announcement of the result, Agra, where the Mughal marvel is situated, erupted in celebration. People burst firecrackers and distributed sweets in the city.

According to reports received in New Delhi, the 17th Century marble monument of love received the maximum votes in the poll, which was conducted through the Internet, SMS, and on the phone. The Worldwide poll, in which people could vote for their favourite monument either online or through SMS, was conducted by the new Seven Wonders Foundation, a Swiss non-profit group. Front runners out of the short-listed sites included the Acropolis in Greece, the ancient Mayan City of Chichen Itza in Mexico, the Coliseum in Rome, the Eiffel Tower in Paris, the Great Wall of China, the Incan ruins of Machu Picchu, Petra in Jordan, the statues on Easter Island, Britain’s Stonehenge and the Taj Mahal in India.

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249 The New Seven Wonders of the World Class 10 Notes English (Handwritten Short & Revision Notes)

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New Seven Wonders of the World

Centuries ago one man dreamed, designed and constructed a breathtaking monument and then, it went on to become a wonder. Egyptian people building the pyramid, would have never imagined that their work will one day be studied and listed in the wonders of the world. Wonders that people will keep wondering about. Funny? May be, but it is a fact. It is tough to imagine how people with minimum tools and equipments could build a pyramid of such a size or a complete village at the height of 8000 ft. Yes, everyone is wondering, that is why may be, man decided to make a list of seven wonders, so that, there is something common to wonder about.

The history of making lists of 7 wonders of the world goes back to the times of Herodotus (a Greek historian who lived in 5th century BC) and Callimachus (another Greek scholar who lived in or around 3rd century BC). They were the first people, known to have made a list of the wonders, of which, only one remains and that is the Great Pyramid of Giza. Rest of them were destroyed due to natural calamities or some other reasons. There are a number of lists in which man has categorized the seven wonders of the world. The categorizing criteria these days is different for every one of them.

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Like, there is a list of ancient world, one other list is dedicated to seven wonders of industrial world and so on. Like I said, there are so many wonders around us and hence, there has to be so many lists, so as to have some systematic arrangement. Here in this article, let us have a brief look at some of them and a detailed look at ‘what are the new seven wonders of the world? ‘. New Seven Wonders The list of New 7 Wonders consists of man-made monuments from all over the world. It is a list compiled by a Swiss-based company called ‘The New Open World Corporation’.

These seven wonders of the world are spread across continents and were selected by people throughout the world using a voting method. The organizers thought that this will promote global harmony, along with increasing people’s knowledge about these historical monuments some of which are not in their own continent. The answer to ‘what are the 7 wonders of the world? ‘ is the list given below: Chichen Itza The name ‘Chichen Itza’ means ‘At the mouth of the well of Itza’. Here, Itza refers to a political clan of people, who were at their political and economical best in the northern peninsula.

Chichen Itza was the political focal point for a long time in the Mayan history. This winner of the seven wonders list is located in Yucatan, Mexico. The historical site consists of many stone buildings which are connected by a network of paved roads called Sacbeob. Most of these buildings have been restored and some are still under the process. These buildings have been grouped into sets of architectonic series (based on their architecture). And these sets are believed to be once separated by walls. The three famous sets out of them are, Great North Platform, the Osaario Group and the Central Group.

These sets individually consist of various buildings, which are wonders in themselves. Chichen Itza consists of numerous temples, pyramids, and some interesting monuments like Steam Bath and the Great Ball Court. Each of the building had its own importance and was used for some specific purpose. One particular area of Chechen Itza is open to archeologists only, in a way it is still under observation and research. Christ the Redeemer Christ the Redeemer is the statue of Jesus Christ, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. It is situated at a height of 700 meters on the Carcovado mountain, in the Tijuca forest National Park.

It weighs 635 tons and stands at a height of 39. 6 meters. It is built of reinforced concrete and soapstone and is the symbol of Christianity, as well as Rio de Janeiro. The construction of a historical monument on Corcovado was suggested first in 1850, then again in 1921. A lot many designs were considered for the religious monument, which included, the representation of the Christian cross and the statue of Jesus with a globe in his hand. The Christ the Redeemer was finalized and the construction began in 1922 and continued till 1931. The cost of construction is estimated to be $250,000.

The statue was opened to public on 12th of October, 1931 and in 2007 it became a part of the seven wonders of the world. In February 2008, the statue was struck by lightening, during a storm but was saved because of the outer layer made of soapstone, which acted as an insulator. This particular storm is known to have caused a lot of damage in the city of Rio, but the statue stood unhurt. Colosseum Colosseum, also known as the Roman Coliseum is situated in the city of Rome, Italy. Coming from such a strong background, it was a really strong contender for a position in seven wonders of the world list.

It is an elliptical amphitheater and was originally known as Flavian Amphitheater. It is said to be one of the largest buildings of the Roman empire. Construction of this amphitheater took around 10 years, starting from 70 AD and once ready the Colosseum was used for various public events and fights between gladiators. Gladiatorial fights were the major source of entertainment during those times and the public events consisted of mock sea battles, animal hunts, executions, reenactments of famous battles, etc. The amphitheater was capable of seating a total of 50,000 spectators.

It is estimated that some 500,000 people and over a million animals died in the events held at Colosseum. In the early medieval era, the building was stopped being used as a place of entertainment and then on, it is believed to have been used for various other purposes. The ancient building now stands partially ruined by earthquakes. Read more for Roman Coliseum Facts. Great Wall of China The Great Wall of China is a stone wall built from Shanhaiguan in the east to Lop Nur in the west of China and it stretches over a distance of 8,851. 8 kms.

This includes man-made walls as well as natural trenches and the natural defensive barriers such as hills and rivers. This wall was built between 5th century BC and 16th century BC, in order to protect the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from the nomadic tribes. This wall was not built by one particular dynasty. It is the result of the contribution of various dynasties, across various periods of time. Initially, the construction was done using locally available raw materials. That is, the section over the mountains was built using locally available stones.

On land, the walls were made using earth or wood, but with the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the walls were made using bricks. Other materials like lime, tiles and stones were also widely used. With the use of bricks the construction is believed to have fastened and the brick walls were more stronger. The wall is now in ruins at most of the places and only a few parts remain in good condition. Parts of it have sustained years of erosion, human attacks, modern day construction and even graffiti at a lot of places, in order to find a place in the 7 wonders of the world.

Read more on Facts about the Great Wall of China and History and Timeline of the Great Wall of China. Machu Picchu Machu Picchu is a pre Columbian Inca site in Cuzco, Peru. It is located at a height of 8000 feet above the sea level on the crest of the mountain Machu Picchu. The name Machu Picchu means ‘Old Peak’ and is often referred to as ‘The Lost City of the Incas’. Its construction started in AD 1430 and the city was abandoned a 100 years later. It remained hidden from the outside world for hundreds of years, until it was discovered by Hiram Bingham, an American historian in the year 1911.

Because of its location, Machu Picchu remained hidden from most of the world, including the Spanish conquerors. But now that it is in the seven wonders list, it is a famous tourist attraction and is visited by people from all across the world. Machu Picchu is believed to have been built at the peak of the Inca empire and is the proof of their royalty and religious beliefs. Incas were basically sun worshipers. Inti in Peruvian means the Sun and hence, it can be easily understood that one of its primary buildings is “The Temple of the Sun”.

The other main buildings are the Intihuatana and the Room of the Three Windows. Most of the buildings in Machu Picchu are in some or the other way related and dedicated to their God, ‘The Sun’. Machu Picchu is on the list of endangered ‘World Heritage Sites’. And that is why tourism in Machu Picchu is of great concern. Scientists believe that more the people, more will be the damage. Petra Petra is located in Arabah, Ma’an Governorate, Jordan, on the slope of Mount Hor. It was constructed by Nabataeans as their capital city and is well known for its rock cut architecture.

It was constructed in 100 BC and surprisingly remained unknown till 1812, when it was discovered by Swiss explorer Johann Ludwig Burckhardt. Petra was made a World Heritage Site in 1985 and in 2007 it qualified to the list of new seven wonders. It is believed that inhabitation of Petra began during the 18th dynasty of Egypt. It grew economically and politically because of its important location on the trade routes. Petra’s geography gave it a fortress like protection and it remained protected for ages. The people of Petra are known to have conserved water using dams and hence, enabling the city to grow exponentially.

It is believed that the people of Petra stored water for the droughts and had created an artificial oasis. The downfall of Petra began under the Roman empire. The basic reason being the change of trade routes. Most of the Petra was destroyed by earthquakes, which damaged buildings and fractured the lifeline of Petra; the water management system. Taj Mahal Taj Mahal famously known as the ‘Symbol of Love’ is a mausoleum, built by the Mughal emperor Shah Jahan for his wife Mumtaz Mahal. It is located in Agra, India. Taj Mahal’s construction began around 1632 and it took around 21 years to be completed.

It was constructed according to the Mughal architecture, which is a combination of Persian, Indian and Islamic architectural styles. The mausoleum was built solely in marble, while other buildings in the complex were made of red stone. For the decoration purposes, 28 types of precious and semi precious stones were used and the raw material is believed to be ordered from as far as Afghanistan in the North and Sri Lanka in the South. It is said that nearly 20,000 workers were employed from all across the country for the construction work. These included, skilled artisans, carvers, sculptors and stone cutters of excellent rapport.

All in all, 37 people formed the creative unit of the project. Some of them were from foreign countries too. The approximate cost of construction is estimated to some 32 million rupees (Indian currency). It is considered as one of the master pieces of Mughal Empire and attracts tourism from all over the world. Statistics suggest that approximately 2 to 4 million people visit Taj Mahal annually. Read more on Taj Mahal in Taj Mahal Facts, The Taj Mahal and The Story of the Taj Mahal. These were the ‘New 7 Wonders of the World’. And there i believe they are called this with good reason.

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LESSON PLAN FOR ENGLISH TEACHERS

Wonders of the world.

Level: Intermediate (B1-B2)

Type of English: English for Teenagers

Tags: travel and leisure people and places 13-15 years old 10-12 years old 16-18 years old Article based Speaking

Publication date: 23/03/2023

The topic of this lesson is the seven wonders of the modern world, and the wonders students can find in their own country or city. Students will read a newspaper article about the new seven wonders of the world and learn level-appropriate vocabulary to talk about the topic. They will also listen to a guided tour around London. In addition to this, students are asked to create a guided tour around their city or a city in their country.

by Richard Moon

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Home — Essay Samples — Information Science and Technology — Computer — Wonders of the Modern World

Modern Wonders of The World: Technical and Scientific Achievements

• Categories: Computer

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Words: 641 |

Published: Jan 15, 2019

Words: 641 | Page: 1 | 4 min read

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Essay on “the seven wonders” for students and children, best essay, paragraph, speech for class 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 12 in english language..

The Seven Wonders

Die first reference to the idea of a list of seven wonders is found in History of Herodotus as long ago as the 5th century BC. His list comprised of the pyramids, the Hanging Gardens, and the Walls of fiaby1on among others. Callimachus of Cyrene (305BC-240BC), Chief Librarian of the Alexandria Museum, wrote “A Collection of Wonders around the World”. When the surviving list of the Seven Wonders of the World was compiled during the Middle Ages, the structures listed were believed to be the greatest examples of architecture in the world. The historian and poet Antipater compiled a list of seven structures that is close to the list that remains today except that his list included the Walls of Babylon instead of the Lighthouse of Alexandria. The list of the Seven Wonders of the World include: The Great Pyramid of Giza, The Colossus of Rhodes, The lighthouse at Alexandria, The Hanging Gardens of Babylon, Statue of Zeus at Olympia, The Mausoleum at Halicarnassus and Temple of Artemis (Diana) at Ephesus.

In 2001 an initiative was started by the Swiss Corporation New 7 Wonders Foundation to choose the New Seven Wonders of the World from a selection of 200 existing monuments. Twenty-one finalists were announced on January 1, 2006. The pyramid of Giza was named as an honoraryCandidate. The results were announced on July 7, 2007. These were the new Seven Wonders of the World. The list included the Great wall of China, The Taj Mahal, Machu Picchu, The lost city of Petra, Chichen Itza, The statue of Christ the Redeemer and the Roman Colosseum.

Apart from this there exist several lists based on the same theme. There are the seven wonders of the underwater world, which lists all the natural underwater formations around the world. Then the seven natural wonders of the world which lists all the formations with nature as an architect and the seven wonders of the man-made world which pay a tribute to engineering and the creativity of man.

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