psychology phd

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The clinical program is accredited by the American Psychological Association and the Psychological Clinical Science Accreditation System.

Your program will typically be fully funded for five years thanks to stipend grant support and guaranteed teaching fellowships. Tuition support is also available for a six-year program. Funding is also available for research, travel, and conferences. You will have access to the latest technology at FAS Research Computing and the Neuroimaging Facility at the Center for Brain Science.

Examples of student dissertations and theses include “Childhood Anxiety Disorders: Developmental Risk Factors and Predictors of Treatment Response,” “Clarifying the Pathway to Suicide: An Examination of Subtypes of Suicidal Behavior and Their Association with Impulsiveness,” and “A Cognitive Neuroscience of Social Groups.”

Graduates have secured positions in academia at prestigious institutions such as Princeton University, Dartmouth College, and Columbia University. Others have embarked on careers with companies such as Facebook, BetterUp, and Apple.

Additional information on the graduate program is available from the Department of Psychology and requirements for the degree are detailed in Policies .

Areas of Study

Cognition, Brain, and Behavior | Experimental Psychopathology and Clinical | Developmental | Social Psychology

Admissions Requirements

Please review admissions requirements and other information before applying. You can find degree program-specific admissions requirements below and access additional guidance on applying from the Department of Psychology .

Academic Background

While an undergraduate concentration in psychology is not required, some social science coursework is recommended. Because the program is heavily quantitatively oriented, college-level math and statistics are also advised. Research experience is extremely helpful; successful applicants have often worked for professors, done research projects as part of college courses, written an undergraduate thesis, or volunteered in a psychology research lab.

Please Note: Before making the decision to apply, the program in Psychology suggests checking individual faculty/lab websites or emailing faculty directly to inquire whether they plan to consider applicants for Fall 2024 admission. It’s important to note that while individual faculty members may have every intention of bringing in a new student this year, we cannot guarantee that they will all be able to do so. The total number of offers of admission to be extended by the graduate program is based on applicant preparedness and fit, availability of university advising and support resources, and target class size. Some of these factors are not able to be determined until after the applicant pool has been finalized.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: Optional

Theses & Dissertations

Theses & Dissertations for Psychology

See list of Psychology faculty

APPLICATION DEADLINE

Questions about the program.

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Psychology Graduate Program

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Welcome to the Psychology PhD program at Harvard University!

Our work is united in the focus on the science of mental life, yet highly interdisciplinary.

The Psychology Department is organized into four research areas: 

• Clinical Science/ Experimental Psychopathology  
• Developmental Psychology  
• Social Psychology
• Cognition, Brain, and Behavior (CBB)

Students enrolled in the PhD program may follow one of two tracks: Clinical Science or the Common Curriculum, which includes Social Psychology, Developmental Psychology, and Cognition, Brain, and Behavior (CBB). Students may only be considered for Clinical Science during the graduate school application process, and may not transfer in at a later date.

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Getting a Ph.D. in Psychology

Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Emily is a board-certified science editor who has worked with top digital publishing brands like Voices for Biodiversity, Study.com, GoodTherapy, Vox, and Verywell.

Verywell / Evan Polenghi

Ph.D. vs. Psy.D.

Job opportunities, earning a degree, specialty areas, alternatives.

Getting a Ph.D. in psychology can open up a whole new world of career opportunities. For many careers paths in psychology-related career paths, a doctoral degree is necessary to obtain work and certification. A Ph.D. is one option, but it is not the only educational path that's available to reach some of these goals.

A Ph.D., or doctor of philosophy, is one of the highest level degrees you can earn in the field of psychology . If you're considering pursuing a graduate degree, you might be wondering how long it takes to earn a Ph.D. in psychology . Generally, a bachelor's degree takes four years of study. While a master's degree requires an additional two to three years of study beyond the bachelor's, a doctoral degree can take between four to six years of additional graduate study after earning your bachelor's degree.

Recently, a new degree option known as the Psy.D. , or doctor of psychology, has grown in popularity as an alternative to the Ph.D. The type of degree you decide to pursue depends on a variety of factors, including your own interests and your career aspirations.

Before deciding which is right for you, research your options and decide if graduate school in psychology is even the best choice for you. Depending on your career goals, you might need to earn a master's or doctoral degree in psychology in order to practice in your chosen field. In other instances, a degree in a similar subject such as counseling or social work may be more appropriate.

A doctorate in psychology is required if you want to open your own private practice.

If you want to become a licensed psychologist, you must earn either a Ph.D. or a Psy.D. in clinical or counseling psychology.

In most cases, you will also need a doctorate if you want to teach and conduct research at the college or university level. While there are some opportunities available for people with a master's degree in various specialty fields, such as industrial-organizational psychology and health psychology , those with a doctorate will generally find higher pay, greater job demand, and more opportunity for growth.

In order to earn a Ph.D. in psychology, you need to first begin by earning your bachelor's degree. While earning your undergraduate degree in psychology can be helpful, students with bachelor's degrees in other subjects can also apply their knowledge to psychology Ph.D. programs . Some students in doctorate programs may have a master's degree in psychology , but most doctorate programs do not require it.

After you’ve been admitted to a graduate program, it generally takes at least four years to earn a Ph.D. and another year to complete an internship. Once these requirements have been fulfilled, you can take state and national exams to become licensed to practice psychology in the state where you wish to work.

Once you enter the graduate level of psychology, you will need to choose an area of specialization, such as clinical psychology , counseling psychology, health psychology, or cognitive psychology . The American Psychological Association (APA) accredits graduate programs in three areas: clinical, counseling, and school psychology.   If you are interested in going into one of these specialty areas, it's important to choose a school that has received accreditation through the APA.

For many students, the choice may come down to a clinical psychology program versus a counseling psychology program. There are many similarities between these two Ph.D. options, but there are important distinctions that students should consider. Clinical programs may have more of a research focus while counseling programs tend to focus more on professional practice. The path you choose will depend largely on what you plan to do after you complete your degree.

Of course, the Ph.D. in psychology is not the only graduate degree option. The Psy.D. is a doctorate degree option that you might also want to consider. While there are many similarities between these two degrees, traditional Ph.D. programs tend to be more research-oriented while Psy.D. programs are often more practice-oriented.

The Ph.D. option may be your top choice if you want to mix professional practice with teaching and research, while the Psy.D. option may be preferred if you want to open your own private psychology practice.

In the book "An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology," authors John C. Norcross and Michael A. Sayette suggest that one of the key differences between the two-degree options is that the Ph.D. programs train producers of research while Psy.D. programs train consumers of research. However, professional opportunities for practice are very similar with both degree types.

Research suggests that there are few discernible differences in terms of professional recognition, employment opportunities, or clinical skills between students trained in the Ph.D. or Psy.D. models. One of the few differences is that those with a Ph.D. degree are far more likely to be employed in academic settings and medical schools.

Social work, counseling, education, and the health sciences are other graduate options that you may want to consider if you decide that a doctorate degree is not the best fit for your interests and career goals.

A Word From Verywell

If you are considering a Ph.D. in psychology, spend some time carefully researching your options and thinking about your future goals. A doctoral degree is a major commitment of time, resources, and effort, so it is worth it to take time to consider the right option for your goals. The Ph.D. in psychology can be a great choice if you are interested in being a scientist-practitioner in the field and want to combine doing research with professional practice. It's also great training if you're interested in working at a university where you would teach classes and conduct research on psychological topics.

University of Pennsylvania; School of Arts and Sciences. Information for applicants .

American Psychological Association. Doctoral degrees in psychology: How are they different, or not so different?

U.S. Department of Labor.  Psychologists . Occupational Outlook Handbook .

Norcross JC, Sayette MA. An Insider's Guide to Graduate Programs in Clinical and Counseling Psychology (2020/2021 ed.) . New York, NY: The Guilford Press; 2020.

Davis SF, Giordano PJ, Licht CA. Your Career in Psychology: Putting Your Graduate Degree to Work . John Wiley & Sons; 2012. doi:10.1002/9781444315929

US Department of Education. Bachelor's, master's, and doctor's degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions, by sex of student and discipline division: 2016-17 .

By Kendra Cherry, MSEd Kendra Cherry, MS, is a psychosocial rehabilitation specialist, psychology educator, and author of the "Everything Psychology Book."

Doctor of Psychology Programs in America

1-25 of 197 results

Stanford University Department of Humanities and Sciences

Stanford, CA •

Stanford University •

Graduate School

Stanford University ,

Graduate School ,

STANFORD, CA ,

Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences

Cambridge, MA •

Harvard University •

• • Rating 4.56 out of 5   9 reviews

Other: I am Harvard Extension School student pursuing a master degree, ALM, in sustainability. I have achieved a 3.89 in this program so far and have qualified, applied, and accepted as a 'Special Student' in the Harvard Graduate School of Arts and Sciences. Through this School, I will be focusing my time at the John A. Paulson school of Engineering & Applied Sciences. Looking forward to wrapping up my final year on campus! ... Read 9 reviews

Harvard University ,

CAMBRIDGE, MA ,

9 Niche users give it an average review of 4.6 stars.

Featured Review: Other says I am Harvard Extension School student pursuing a master degree, ALM, in sustainability. I have achieved a 3.89 in this program so far and have qualified, applied, and accepted as a 'Special Student'... .

Read 9 reviews.

The Graduate School at Duke

Durham, NC •

Duke University •

• • Rating 4.8 out of 5   5 reviews

Current Master's student: The program is the best in the nation. It is the origin of the profession and it has helped developed it to what it is today. They seem to ver much involve alumni and are involved in your future. ... Read 5 reviews

Duke University ,

DURHAM, NC ,

5 Niche users give it an average review of 4.8 stars.

Featured Review: Current Master's student says The program is the best in the nation. It is the origin of the profession and it has helped developed it to what it is today. They seem to ver much involve alumni and are involved in your future. .

Read 5 reviews.

Touro University - Worldwide

Graduate School •

LOS ALAMITOS, CA

• • Rating 4.71 out of 5   103

Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey

Middlebury •

MONTEREY, CA

• • Rating 4.16 out of 5   88

Miami University

• • Rating 4.56 out of 5   25

School of Arts & Sciences - University of Pennsylvania

Philadelphia, PA •

University of Pennsylvania •

University of Pennsylvania ,

PHILADELPHIA, PA ,

Rice School of Social Sciences

Houston, TX •

Rice University •

Blue checkmark.

Rice University ,

HOUSTON, TX ,

Weinberg College of Arts and Sciences

Evanston, IL •

Northwestern University •

Northwestern University ,

EVANSTON, IL ,

• Find college scholarships

College of Arts and Science

Nashville, TN •

Vanderbilt University •

Vanderbilt University ,

NASHVILLE, TN ,

Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies

Hanover, NH •

Dartmouth College •

• • Rating 5 out of 5   1 review

Alum: I had a beautiful life-changing experience at the grand Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies. The Guarini graduate program MALS created so many beautiful opportunities in interdisciplinary learning. Guarini is well integrated within the College, which provides a unique world-class learning experience. Guarini went beyond my expectations and made this experience the best I had and will ever have in my life. The only thing I would like changed is having a GRAD diploma in Latin instead of English to keep up with College tradition. ... Read 1 review

Dartmouth College ,

HANOVER, NH ,

1 Niche users give it an average review of 5 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says I had a beautiful life-changing experience at the grand Guarini School of Graduate and Advanced Studies. The Guarini graduate program MALS created so many beautiful opportunities in interdisciplinary... .

Read 1 reviews.

College of Arts and Letters - University of Notre Dame

Notre Dame, IN •

University of Notre Dame •

• • Rating 4.5 out of 5   2 reviews

Doctoral Student: The faculty at Notre Dame is excellent. The student to professor ratio makes for a wonderful one to one interaction between students and teachers. At Notre Dame, my interests, dreams, goals, research and career path matter. I loved this most. I feel taken seriously and supported with every possible resources for my mental, academic and career success. One gets many opportunities to grow talents through research, and presentations with helpful and supportive feedback from students and professors. For these reasons, I find it a place to be! On the down side, the weather is at first always a challenge for one who is not used to the harsh and gloomy midwestern winter. ... Read 2 reviews

University of Notre Dame ,

NOTRE DAME, IN ,

2 Niche users give it an average review of 4.5 stars.

Featured Review: Doctoral Student says The faculty at Notre Dame is excellent. The student to professor ratio makes for a wonderful one to one interaction between students and teachers. At Notre Dame, my interests, dreams, goals, research... On the down side, the weather is at first always a challenge for one who is not used to the harsh and gloomy midwestern winter. .

Read 2 reviews.

Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences

Los Angeles, CA •

University of Southern California •

University of Southern California ,

LOS ANGELES, CA ,

Cornell University College of Arts & Sciences

Ithaca, NY •

Cornell University •

Cornell University ,

ITHACA, NY ,

Rackham School of Graduate Studies

Ann Arbor, MI •

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor •

• • Rating 5 out of 5   3 reviews

Master's Student: I was nervous about attending a prestigious school like The University of Michigan but once classes started I realized that I had made the right decision. Tuition is very expensive but I love my professors and I believe that I am getting the best education in the country! ... Read 3 reviews

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor ,

ANN ARBOR, MI ,

3 Niche users give it an average review of 5 stars.

Featured Review: Master's Student says I was nervous about attending a prestigious school like The University of Michigan but once classes started I realized that I had made the right decision. Tuition is very expensive but I love my... .

Read 3 reviews.

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Graduate School of Arts & Sciences - Georgetown University

Nw Washington, DC •

Georgetown University •

• • Rating 5 out of 5   2 reviews

Master's Student: The program is highly practical. The professors explain concepts in class and give us home works to submit on each topic discussed on a weekly basis. This enables us to grasp the concepts more. We are informed of the professors office time and so we can email them to make inquiries and get assistance when needed. We make presentations during class which train us to become more bold and be able to communicate the concepts easily. We are able to discuss and critic writings independently. We work on projects in groups of about 3-4 and discuss findings to the entire class and professor. We review research papers and make meta-analyses inform of class projects. The program is well structured and i am gaining skills. My worst experience is having to worry about Tuition and other related school bills. ... Read 2 reviews

Georgetown University ,

NW WASHINGTON, DC ,

2 Niche users give it an average review of 5 stars.

Featured Review: Master's Student says The program is highly practical. The professors explain concepts in class and give us home works to submit on each topic discussed on a weekly basis. This enables us to grasp the concepts more. We... .

UCLA College of Letters and Science

University of California - Los Angeles •

• • Rating 3 out of 5   1 review

University of California - Los Angeles ,

1 Niche users give it an average review of 3 stars.

Krieger School of Arts & Sciences

Baltimore, MD •

Johns Hopkins University •

• • Rating 4.53 out of 5   19 reviews

Master's Student: I have yet to enroll for Fall 2023 after receiving my acceptance letter due to a delay in my need-based financial aid from JHU. However the Homewood Campus in Baltimore is beautiful and my Student Advisor, Alexis has been extremely helpful in initiating my enrollment process and answering all of my questions in a timely matter. My intended Advanced Academic Program is the accelerated (2 semester), dual-modality, 40-credit M.S. in Biotechnology, Biodefense concentration. All of the anticipated course subjects are diverse and there's even a customizable core lab course on campus (at least until Summer 2024). I can't wait and I wish you all the best in your search for academic programs or professional certifications. ... Read 19 reviews

Johns Hopkins University ,

BALTIMORE, MD ,

19 Niche users give it an average review of 4.5 stars.

Featured Review: Master's Student says I have yet to enroll for Fall 2023 after receiving my acceptance letter due to a delay in my need-based financial aid from JHU. However the Homewood Campus in Baltimore is beautiful and my Student... .

Read 19 reviews.

Dietrich College of Humanities & Social Sciences

Pittsburgh, PA •

Carnegie Mellon University •

Carnegie Mellon University ,

PITTSBURGH, PA ,

The Graduate School of Arts & Sciences - University of Virginia

Charlottesville, VA •

University of Virginia •

• • Rating 4 out of 5   1 review

Alum: Very good in some areas, excellent in other areas, many academic choices available in all areas of study ... Read 1 review

University of Virginia ,

CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA ,

1 Niche users give it an average review of 4 stars.

Featured Review: Alum says Very good in some areas, excellent in other areas, many academic choices available in all areas of study .

Laney Graduate School

Atlanta, GA •

Emory University •

Master's Student: I chose the graduate programs at Emory because they are ranked among the best in the country. The school of nursing also provides the clinical experiences, something many of the online only nurse practitioner programs do not do. ... Read 2 reviews

Emory University ,

ATLANTA, GA ,

Featured Review: Master's Student says I chose the graduate programs at Emory because they are ranked among the best in the country. The school of nursing also provides the clinical experiences, something many of the online only nurse... .

UC Berkeley College of Letters & Science

Berkeley, CA •

University of California - Berkeley •

University of California - Berkeley ,

BERKELEY, CA ,

College of Arts & Sciences - University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Chapel Hill, NC •

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill •

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill ,

CHAPEL HILL, NC ,

College of Liberal Arts - University of Texas - Austin

Austin, TX •

University of Texas - Austin •

University of Texas - Austin ,

AUSTIN, TX ,

College of Arts and Sciences - Lehigh University

Bethlehem, PA •

Lehigh University •

Lehigh University ,

BETHLEHEM, PA ,

Virginia Tech College of Science

Blacksburg, VA •

Virginia Tech •

Virginia Tech ,

BLACKSBURG, VA ,

College of Public Health & Health Professions - University of Florida

Gainesville, FL •

University of Florida •

University of Florida ,

GAINESVILLE, FL ,

Graduate School of Arts & Sciences - Boston University

Boston, MA •

Boston University •

Boston University ,

BOSTON, MA ,

Graduate College of Education - San Francisco State University

San Francisco State University •

SAN FRANCISCO, CA

Illinois Institute of Technology

CHICAGO, IL

• • Rating 4.37 out of 5   38

San Francisco Bay University

FREMONT, CA

• • Rating 3 out of 5   2

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PhD Degree Requirements

This webpage provides a quick overview of the requirements for our PhD program. More detailed information can be found in the Psychology Graduate Guide . This webpage and the Graduate Guide supplement the Psychology PhD requirements defined in the Stanford Bulletin and the policies for all Stanford graduate education as defined in the Graduate Academic Policies and Procedures Handbook . 

The most important component of our PhD program is engaging in scientific research. Students in our PhD program conduct in-depth research in at least one of five areas of study: Affective , Cognitive , Developmental , Neuroscience , or Social Psychology. All students are expected to spend at least half of their time engaged in research. Each quarter, students should register for 8 - 10 research units (PSYCH207: Graduate Research) and take no more than 10 units of coursework.

The sections below outline program requirements regarding coursework and teaching, as well as key milestones towards a PhD degree.

Course Requirements

• Teaching Requirements  
• Key Program Milestones

Core Courses, Statistics/Methods Courses, and Advanced Units must be taken for a letter grade and passed with a grade of B- or higher. Click each requirement to open the relevant sections in the Graduate Guide.  

Professional Seminar 

All incoming students are required to take PSYCH207 in the first quarter (Year 1 Autumn). This is a course taught by the Department Chair with guest lectures from faculty across all areas, and serves to introduce the first-year students to the Department. 

• PSYCH 207: Professional Seminar for First-Year Ph.D Students

As a part of PSYCH 207, first-year students are also expected to meet with their advisor(s) early in the fall quarter of the first year to discuss mentorship expectations. 

Core Courses

Students are required to complete 4 of the following Core Courses by the end of Yr 3.

• PSYCH 202: Cognitive Neuroscience
• PSYCH 205: Foundations of Cognition
• PSYCH 211: Developmental Psychology
• PSYCH 213: Affective Science
• PSYCH 215: Mind, Culture, and Society

Statistics / Methods Courses

Students must complete PSYCH 251 and one additional statistics/methods courses by the end of Year 2. At least one of the two courses must be taken in the first year. 

• PSYCH 251: Experimental Methods (Required) 
• PSYCH 249: Large-Scale Neural Network Modeling for Neuroscience
• PSYCH 252: Statistical Methods for Behavioral and Social Sciences
• PSYCH 253: Measurement and the Study of Change in Social Science Research
• PSYCH 289: Longitudinal Data Analysis in Social Science Research

Some students may wish to take advanced courses in Statistics or CS not listed above; please consult with your advisor and send an inquiry to the Student Services Manager. These requests may be reviewed by the DGS and/or the GPC.

Advanced Units / PhD Minor  

Students must complete 12 units of advanced graduate coursework (“Advanced Units”, or AU), or complete a PhD Minor by the end of Year 4.  

Students and their advisor(s) should discuss the course requirements and create a plan together for completing the Advanced Units. To this end, rising 2nd year students must submit an Advanced Courses Form by the first Monday in October (usually the first Monday of the Fall Quarter) of the 2nd year. 

Terminal Graduate Registration (TGR) Statu s

Students should apply for Terminal Graduate Registration (TGR) status once they have accumulated 135 units of residency and have filed a Dissertation Reading Committee form . Students in TGR status should register for PSYCH 802: TGR Dissertation (0 units) and take no more than 3 units of coursework per quarter. Typically, students transition to TGR in the Winter quarter of 5th year. 

For more information about Course Requirements, consult the Graduate Guide and the Stanford Graduate Academic Policies and Procedures Handbook .

Teaching Requirements

All students serve as teaching assistants for at least 5 Psychology courses during their graduate study, regardless of the source of their financial support. Of these 5 TAships, students must apply for 2 of their TAships to be in one of the two tracks: 

• PSYCH 1 Track (2 quarters of Introduction to Psychology)  
• STATS Track (2 quarters of core statistics/methods course: PSYCH 10, PSYCH 251, PSYCH 252, PSYCH 253).  

Students can review the Department's complete  TA policy  for more details. Questions about TA assignments or TA policy should be directed to the Student Services Manager. 

Program Requirements and Milestones

Year 1: First Year Project (FYP)

At the end of their first year of graduate study, students must submit a written report of their first-year research activities, called the First Year Project (FYP) by June 1 The FYP is submitted to their advisor, second FYP reader (another faculty), and the students’ services manager. Students are also expected to present the results of their FYP in their area seminar. 

Year 2: Admission to Candidacy

In our department, a student’s application for candidacy must be filed as soon as all requirements for Year 1 and Year 2 are completed (and by the end of the 2nd year). The decision to advance a student to candidacy is made based on a holistic assessment of the student’s progress in the program. For more information, please refer to the Graduate Guide, section on Admission to Candidacy. 

Conferral of a masters degree: Graduate students in the Department of Psychology who have completed (a) the first-year and second-year course requirements and (b) at least 45 units of Psychology courses may apply for a conferral of the MA degree.

Master of Arts Degree in Psychology (Optional)

Graduate students in the Department of Psychology who have completed (a) the first-year and second-year course requirements and (b) at least 45 units of Psychology courses may apply for conferral of the MA degree. The application should be reviewed with the Student Services Manager. The  application process  typically occurs in 2nd or 3rd year.

Year 3: Research Plan and Dissertation Reading Committee   

Students in Year 3 are expected to:

(1) Form a dissertation reading committee (due Feb 1): The research committee includes the dissertation advisor and at least 2 additional faculty members, for a total of 3 members, at least two of whom should have primary appointments in the Psychology Department. 

(2) Schedule and hold the 3rd Year Committee Meeting to take place in Winter or Spring quarter (before June 1), and submit a research plan to their committee 2 weeks before the meeting

(3) After the committee meeting, submit the Research Plan to the Student Services Manager and report the meeting date using the Committee Meeting Google Form .

Year 4: Area Review and Research Roadmap (ARRR) and Committee Meeting

Students in Year 4 are expected to:

(1) Schedule and hold the 4th Year Committee Meeting in the Winter quarter and submit an Area Review & Research Roadmap (ARRR) to the committee two weeks before the meeting.

(2) After the committee meeting, submit the ARRR to the Student Services Manager and report the meeting date using the Committee Meeting Google Form . 

Final Year: Oral Examination and Dissertation  

Students in Year 3 and above are expected to hold a committee meeting every year. In their final year, students must form their Oral Examination Committee including identifying an external chair. Students must submit the Oral Exam Form to the Student Services Manager at least 2 weeks before the anticipated defense and follow the standard Department protocol for reserving a room for their defense.

Individual Development Plan

Every year, each graduate student completes an Individual Development Plan (IDP) and has a meeting with their advisor to discuss the IDP and set an Action Plan for the coming year. The goal of the IDP is for the student to step back from their daily tasks, reflect on the larger picture, discuss these topics with their mentor, and make an action plan for achieving their goals going forward. The IDP meeting must occur by June 1 each year. 

The IDP process has 4 steps:

1. Student completeness the IDP Self-Reflection form  

2. Student prepares the IDP Meeting and Action Plan form and schedules a one-on-one meeting with the advisor. 

3. Student and Advisor(s) complete the Action Plan (pages 3-4 of the IDP Meeting and Action Plan form ). 

4. Student submits the IDP Meeting Google Form to report the meeting to the Student Services.

Students can also use the IDP meeting to discuss mentorship expectations and schedule additional meetings if further conversations are needed. Note that first-year students must schedule a separate meeting with their advisors to discuss Mentorship Expectation as a part of their ProSem requirement

Graduation Quarter

Registration for Graduation Quarter is required for the term in which a student submits a dissertation or has a degree conferred. Please consult the Registrar's Academic Calendar for the quarterly deadlines for submitting dissertations; they are strict, and missing the deadline can have serious funding implications. For more information, please refer to the Graduate Guide and Registrar's Office website .

PhD Program Timeline At-A-Glance

• FYP Proposal and name of 2nd reader due to Student Services

End of Fall Quarter 

• Complete the mentorship expectations meeting with advisor
• FYP due to Student Services, advisor, and 2nd reader

Summer of 1st Year

• Meet and receive feedback from advisor and 2nd reader
• Submit  Advanced Units coursework form  to Student Services

June 1  

• IDP Meeting Due

By the end of 2nd Year

• Submit  Candidacy Form  to Student Services
• Submit  Doctoral Dissertation Reading Committee form  to Student Services
• Schedule 3rd Year Committee Meeting
• Hold Committee Meeting (Research Plan to committee 2 weeks before meeting), and report meeting to Student Services; IDP Meeting
• Schedule 4th Year Committee Meeting
• Submit ARRR to the committee two weeks before the meeting
• Hold Committee Meeting
• Report meeting to Student Services
• IDP Meeting

2 weeks before Defense: 

• Submit the  Oral Exam form  to Student Services

End of Spring Quarter: 

• Oral Examination
• Submit Dissertation 
• Schedule and hold a 5th Year Committee Meeting 

About the Program

The Graduate Program in Psychology at Georgetown University offers a fully funded five-year, full-time program of study leading to a Ph.D. in Psychology. Students in the program concentrate in either Human  Development and Public Policy (HDPP) or Lifespan Cognitive Neuroscience (LCN). The program is fundamentally a research program. Students are expected to meet rigorous research milestones and receive training in conducting independent scholarly research. Students in the HDPP track also take core courses at the McCourt School of Public Policy, while students in the LCN track take core courses in the Interdisciplinary Program in Neuroscience at The Georgetown University School of Medicine. Students in both concentrations also take core and elective courses in the Psychology Department. A dual degree in Psychology (Ph.D.) and Master of Public Policy (MPP) is also offered in collaboration with the McCourt School of Public Policy to students in the HDPP concentration.

Degrees Offered

• Ph.D./Master’s in Public Policy (M.P.P.)

Admissions Requirements

For general graduate admissions requirements, visit the Office of Graduate Admission’s Application Information  page. Review the  program’s website  for additional information on program application requirements.

Application Materials required:

• Application Form
• Non-refundable Application Fee
• Academic Statement of Purpose
• Optional: Statement on Diversity, Personal Background & Contributions
• Writing Sample
• Letters of Recommendation (3)
• Transcripts  – Applicants are required to upload to the application system copies of official  transcripts  from all undergraduate and graduate institutions attended. Visit the Office of Graduate Admission’s  Application Information  page for additional details and FAQs.
• TOEFL = 80 minimum
• IELTS = 7.0 minimum

Application Deadlines

Degree requirements.

The core graduate curriculum includes coursework in statistics/methodology; advanced theory and evidence; applications of developmental science; and scientific ethics, as well as experience and instruction in teaching, grant writing and other practical skills.

The requirements of the graduate program are designed to:

• Ensure that students receive solid grounding in the interdisciplinary roots and methods of developmental science.
• Involve students in research immediately upon starting their graduate education and, over the course of their education, encourage them to develop an original line of inquiry.
• Instruct students in the critical analysis, teaching and communication skills that are critical to success in an array of post-Ph.D. positions.

Credits Required

• Ph.D. with a concentration in Human Development and Public Policy: 36 credits
• Ph.D. with a concentration in Lifespan Cognitive Neuroscience: 39 credits
• Ph.D./M.P.P. (Master’s in Public Policy): 48 credits

There is no option of part-time study in this graduate degree program.

Connect with Us

Program Contact: Bonnie Ginsberg: [email protected]

Quick Links

Begin your application today!

Psychology PhD

Psychology as a scientific discipline aims to describe, understand, and predict the behavior of living organisms. In doing so, psychology embraces the many factors that influence behavior-from sensory experience to complex cognition, from the role of genetics to that of social and cultural environments, from the processes that explain behavior in early childhood to those that operate in older ages, and from typical development to pathological conditions. The Department of Psychology at Berkeley reflects the diversity of our discipline's mission covering six key areas of research: Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience; Clinical Science; Cognition; Cognitive Neuroscience; Developmental, and Social-Personality Psychology. Our program learning goals focus on honing methodological, statistical and critical thinking skills relevant to all areas of Psychology research, enabling students with sufficient breadth to retain perspective in the field of psychology and sufficient depth to permit successful independent and significant research.

• The major academic objectives of the PhD program are for students to:
• Develop an understanding of the different theoretical and empirical frameworks that have defined and shaped the field
• Develop an understanding of the central questions and issues in contemporary psychology
• Develop expertise in one or more relevant research methodologies
• Build expertise in formulating testable hypotheses and designing appropriate studies
• Hone ability to critically evaluate scientific research
• Develop expertise in statistics and advanced data analytic approaches
• Develop an awareness of the importance of science to humanity while recognizing its limits (i.e., some scientific knowledge is culture-specific and may not be applicable to the human condition universally)
• Develop competence as a teacher of undergraduates and mentor to graduate students

Students select one of the following concentrations:

Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience: The Behavioral and Systems Neuroscience area encompasses faculty and students united by a common interest in the neurobiological/physiological bases of behavior, including but not limited to circadian and seasonal rhythms, decision-making, sex differentiation and behavior, energy balance, birdsong and animal communication, animal spatial orientation and navigation, gene-environment interactions, selective attention and visual perception, social behavior, attachment, developmental processes, physiological substrates of emotion and stress, and motivation. The methodologies currently employed by faculty and students cover the entire spectrum from the behavioral study of animals and humans to computational, cellular, molecular and neuroimaging analyses.

Clinical Science: Graduate students in Clinical Science combine rigorous research with hands-on clinical experience. In addition, students take courses that cover general areas of psychological science as well as more specialized areas based on a students interests. Most students will spend four to six years in residence at Berkeley plus one year at a Clinical Internship site, at or near the completion of the dissertation. Degrees are awarded after completion of the internship, even if the dissertation is completed earlier. The faculty advisor/mentor plays an important role in a students training. At the beginning of Year 1, each student is matched with a faculty advisor, usually one of the core Clinical Science Program Faculty, who supervises the student's research. In subsequent years, the student is free to continue working with that person or to seek a new research advisor. In addition to research supervision, the advisor works with the student in planning a program that fits that student's interests, while at the same time meeting program requirements. If a student is conducting research under the supervision of someone other than a core Clinical Science Program Faculty member (e.g., a faculty member in another area of the Psychology Department), then a core Clinical Science Program Faculty member is assigned to advise that student in matters related program requirements.

Cognition: The Cognition Program brings together faculty and students engaged in behavioral and computational investigations of fundamental cognitive processes, including learning, memory, categorization, reasoning, language, and perception. Our interdisciplinary approach borrows methods and insights from the cognitive sciences and other areas within the department.

Cognitive Neuroscience: Programs in Cognitive Neuroscience focus on neuroimaging and neuropsychological approaches to human behavior. Functional neuroimaging techniques, such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG), and intracranial EEG (iEEG) are used to study the neural bases of human behavior. Neuropsychological methods assess varieties of psychological dysfunction associated with brain damage or disease. Areas of specialty within this track include Sensory and Perceptual Processes, Attention and Working Memory, Learning and Memory, Emotion, and Motor Control.

Developmental: Our research goal is to understand how the organism and its capabilities develop throughout the lifespan. Our interdisciplinary approach is multi-species, multi-system, and multidisciplinary in nature. We study change over time in cognitive, linguistic, social, emotional, and neural processes. Our explanations include both neural accounts of the plasticity that is observed in the developing brain and other systems, and computational and psychological accounts of development. The bi-directionality of these processes is emphasized, with the organism's genetically program development being influenced by its physical and social environments and in turn influencing those environments. Thus, our research is situated at the interface between the fields of developmental psychology, computational modeling, psycholinguistics, cognitive psychology, developmental cognitive neuroscience, social psychology, cultural psychology, and clinical psychology. Our research examines numerous areas of development, plasticity, and change including sensory processes, cognitive capacities, language, reasoning, everyday knowledge of the world, emotions, and social relationships. We examine both typical and atypical development, each providing rich insights for better understanding the other and suggesting new approaches for effective treatments and preventive interventions.

Social-Personality Psychology: The social-personality program is devoted to training graduate students for careers in research and teaching. The program faculty and several affiliates conduct research and provide intensive training in six core areas of the field: (1) Self and identity; (2) Social cognition; (3) Emotion, emotion regulation, and affective neuroscience; (4) Personality processes and adult development; (5) Interpersonal, intergroup, and intercultural processes; and (6) Power, hierarchy, and social class. In addition to training in these core areas, the program encourages graduate students to develop their own research interests and build an independent research program. The program is characterized by considerable breadth and diversity. It provides students with special research opportunities, such as access to unique longitudinal databases, multi-method approaches (self-report, observational, archival, life-data, physiological), and biological perspectives on social behavior (e.g., evolutionary, neuroimaging).

Contact Info

[email protected]

2121 Berkeley Way University of California

Berkeley, CA 94720-1650

At a Glance

Department(s)

Admit Term(s)

Application Deadline

December 4, 2023

Degree Type(s)

Doctoral / PhD

Degree Awarded

GRE Requirements

Psychology, PHD

On this page:, at a glance: program details.

• Location: Tempe campus
• Second Language Requirement: No

Program Description

Degree Awarded: PHD Psychology

The PhD program in psychology offers comprehensive training in innovative research methods and the application of psychological principles across various human conditions. This program stands out with six highly ranked areas of study:

• behavioral neuroscience and comparative psychology
• clinical psychology
• cognitive psychology
• developmental psychology
• quantitative research methods ( formal degree concentration )
• social psychology

Each specialization shapes the core curriculum for its students, encouraging interdisciplinary learning opportunities across the university.

Faculty engage students in groundbreaking research, fostering theoretical exploration in areas such as evolution and behavior; cognitive processes such as attention and memory; personality studies; and societal issues such as stigma and prejudices. Students investigate diverse topics, including individual resilience, cultural influences, neurobiological and psychosocial factors impacting behavior and health, child mental health prevention and life span developmental aspects of emotion and cognition.

A unique strength of this doctoral psychology program is the wealth of outstanding faculty who excel in quantitative methods. No matter their specialized area of focus, students gain access to a wide variety of courses and hands-on experiences, seamlessly integrating quantitative methodologies into their work.

Psychology PhD specializations

Behavioral neuroscience and comparative psychology, clinical psychology, cognitive science, developmental psychology, social psychology, quantitative research methods, degree requirements.

84 credit hours, a written comprehensive exam, an oral comprehensive exam, a prospectus and a dissertation

Required Core (3 or 4 credit hours) PSY 502 Professional Issues in Psychology (3) or PSY 531 Multiple Regression in Psychological Research (4)

Electives and Research (68 or 69 credit hours)

Culminating Experience (12 credit hours) PSY 799 Dissertation (12)

Additional Curriculum Information In addition to required coursework pertaining to the training area, students take courses related to their area of interest, as determined in consultation with their supervisory committees. Requirements vary across training areas.

Admission Requirements

Applicants must fulfill the requirements of both the Graduate College and The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences.

Applicants are eligible to apply to the program if they have earned a bachelor's or master's degree in psychology or a related field from a regionally accredited institution.

Applicants must have a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 (scale is 4.00 = "A") in the last 60 hours of their first bachelor's degree program or a minimum cumulative GPA of 3.00 (scale is 4.00 = "A") in an applicable master's degree program.

All applicants must submit:

• graduate admission application and application fee
• official transcripts
• SlideRoom application and fee
• statement of purpose form
• curriculum vitae or resume
• three letters of recommendation
• proof of English proficiency

Additional Application Information An applicant whose native language is not English must provide proof of English proficiency regardless of their current residency.

ASU does not accept the GRE® General Test at home edition.

To apply to the doctoral programs, applicants must follow the instructions on the doctoral program admission instructions and checklist. It is strongly recommended that applicants download and print this form to ensure completion of the application process and include all of the required supplemental forms.

The Department of Psychology application process is completed online through ASU's graduate admission services, which includes the application form and official transcripts. Application to Department of Psychology doctoral programs is also completed via SlideRoom, for processing of supplemental application materials. The SlideRoom account requires an additional fee.

Applicants must submit three academic letters of recommendation from faculty members who know the student well. Three letters are required, but four letters of recommendation may be submitted.

Next Steps to attend ASU

Learn about our programs, apply to a program, visit our campus, application deadlines, career opportunities.

The doctorate in psychology opens up diverse career opportunities across academia, education, health care, industry, government and community organizations. This program equips students with a versatile skill set in research design, data analysis, measurement, mental health assessment, treatment and program evaluation.

Graduates are prepared for impactful roles such as consultants, data scientists-biostatisticians, program evaluation specialists, licensed clinical psychologists, psychology professors, research associates, research professors, senior analysts, staff psychologists and teaching faculty.

Program Contact Information

If you have questions related to admission, please click here to request information and an admission specialist will reach out to you directly. For questions regarding faculty or courses, please use the contact information below.

• [email protected]
• 480/727-4561

• Select spacebar or enter to search Florida Tech website Search

Clinical Psychology

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Psy.D. In Clinical Psychology

Welcome to the Clinical Psychology Psy.D. Program at Florida Institute of Technology. The program at Florida Tech that leads to a Psy.D. in clinical psychology is accredited by the American Psychological Association* and offers students training based on a practitioner-scholar model that prepares students for entry-level positions as clinical psychologists.  To achieve that goal, we are committed to training students with strong and continually developing clinical competencies, whose clinical work is informed by the scientific and theoretical knowledge base of the discipline of psychology, and whose graduates respect and value cultural and individual difference, and who maintain the highest professional principles and standards.

What Makes Florida Tech's Psy.D. in Clinical Psychology Stand Out?

• Accredited by the American Psychological Association* since 1983
• Opportunities for advanced coursework and practica in emphasis areas: Neuropsychology, Child/Family, Integrated Behavioral Health, and Forensic.
• In-depth training in psychological assessment and integrated psychodiagnostics
• Curriculum that addresses current trends in psychology including Integrated Behavioral Health Care, Clinical Neuropsychology, Assessment, Trauma and Child Psychology
• On-site practicum training facility
• A large network of community-based practicum sites offering many different training opportunities
• Good student-to-faculty ratio, with annual cohorts of approximately 20
• Colleague-in-training atmosphere
• Excellent internship match rate
• Flat-rate tuition program
• Warm climate, great location, close to beaches
• Relatively low cost of living, ample and reasonably priced housing available off campus

Our program leading to a Psy.D in Clinical Psychology trains students to become practicing clinical psychologists with core competencies in relational/clinical skills, comprehensive psychological assessment, clinical treatment interventions, research and evaluation skills, consultation and education, management and supervision, and diversity issues.

We have several opportunities for advanced course work. These areas are:  

• Family/Child Psychology
• Forensic Psychology
• Clinical Neuropsychology
• Integrated Behavioral Healthcare/Health Psychology  

Admission Requirements

An applicant must possess a bachelor's degree from an accredited institution of higher learning. Although it is not necessary for the major area to have been psychology, it is required that those entering without a previous degree in psychology will have completed at least 18 credit hours of psychology coursework at the time of application. These courses must have been taken in a department of psychology, and should include statistics, personality theory, abnormal psychology, learning, physiological psychology and social psychology.

All application materials must be received by December 1 of each year.

Visit the graduate admissions information page for all the information you need to apply to the program. Admissions applications must include transcripts, GRE general test scores, a personal statement, two letters of recommendation, and a resume or CV.

Students we will consider for admission will receive an invitation approximately two weeks prior to our Interview Day, typically held in February. Attendance at Interview Day is VERY strongly recommended.

*Questions related to the program's accredited status should be directed to the Commission on Accreditation:

Office of Program Consultation and Accreditation American Psychological Association 750 1st Street, NE Washington, DC 20002

Phone: (202) 336-5979 Email: [email protected] Web: www.apa.org/ed/accreditation

Clinical Program

Clinical Psychology, Psy.D

APA Student Data

Student Admissions, Outcomes, and Other Data

Clinical Psychology Information

Info Session: Funding a Clinical Doctoral Degree

2023-2024 PsyD Program Addendum

2023-2024 SOP Grad Handbook

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Your guide to exploring career paths with a psychology degree

Intrigued by the complexities of the human mind? A psychology degree offers a unique opportunity for a deeper understanding of thoughts, emotions, and behaviors.

This fascinating field not only satisfies your intellectual curiosity but also equips you with valuable skills for a variety of career paths.

What careers can you pursue with a psychology degree?

The traditional image of a psychologist working in a clinical setting is just one facet of this dynamic field. These specific traditional career paths require furthering your education with advanced degrees in order to practice.

• Clinical psychologists: Standing at the forefront of mental health care, they assess, diagnose, and treat mental health disorders using various therapeutic approaches. A doctoral degree and state licensure are mandatory for this path. Bureau of Labor and Statistics data indicates a median salary of $85,330 for this role.
• Counseling psychologists:  Providing guidance and support to individuals facing emotional and behavioral challenges, requires a master's degree and state licensure. Their expertise extends to various settings such as schools, community agencies, and private practice.
• Industrial-organizational psychologists:  These specialists apply psychological principles to improve the workplace. They apply their knowledge to enhance employee performance, improve workplace dynamics, and foster a thriving organizational culture. Typically, a master's or doctoral degree is required.

Alternative careers for psychology majors

The versatility of a psychology degree extends far beyond clinical practice. The American Psychological Association reported over half (57 percent) of psychology graduates directly enter the workforce upon graduation, and do not require advanced degrees. Graduates can leverage their acquired skills in various fulfilling careers:

• Human resources:  Understanding human behavior and motivation proves invaluable in HR roles like talent acquisition, training, and organizational development.
• Market research:  The research and analytical skills honed during psychology studies can be effectively applied to analyze consumer behavior and data for informed business decisions.
• Social services:  Psychology graduates can make a significant contribution by supporting individuals and communities facing challenges, advocating for social justice, and promoting mental health awareness.
• Education:  Shaping future minds, conducting research, and supporting student success are viable and rewarding career paths within the educational system.
• Business and management:  Understanding human behavior allows graduates to enhance organizational effectiveness, improve employee engagement, and foster a positive work environment.

The future of psychology

People in the field of psychology are constantly pushing cultural and intellectual boundaries, creating exciting new opportunities:

• The growing demand for mental health services:  Areas like corporate wellness, community mental health programs, and online counseling are experiencing a surge in demand, creating promising career prospects for psychology majors.
• Championing diversity and inclusion:  Specializations are emerging in multicultural counseling, LGBTQ+ mental health, and social justice advocacy, catering to the need for culturally competent and socially responsible psychologists.
• The rise of positive psychology:   This approach focuses on fostering well-being and resilience, opening doors to promoting thriving individuals and communities through preventive mental health interventions, and cultivating positive emotions, relationships, and achievements.

Strategies for success in a psychology career

Equipping yourself with the right tools is crucial for navigating your career path:

• Gain practical experience:  Seek internships in relevant settings to gain hands-on experience, build your resume, and establish valuable connections within the field.
• Network with professionals:  Actively participate in industry events, conferences, and online communities to connect with established professionals and gain insights into the field.
• Embrace continuous learning:  Pursue relevant certifications, attend workshops, and consider enrolling in psychology online degree programs to stay updated with the latest research, trends, and best practices.

Pursuing a psychology bachelor’s degree with OHIO online

So now that you know the strategies for success, you may be asking, 'Do you need a psychology degree to do some of these careers?' While it depends on the specific career path, having a psychology degree can significantly enhance your opportunities and open new ones you may not have considered.

Now you might be thinking, can you really get a quality psychology degree online?

That's where Ohio University's Online Bachelor of Science in Psychology program steps in. Ranked as the best in Ohio and tied for 34th in the nation by U.S. News, our program provides a comprehensive curriculum designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills employers are actively seeking.

A program designed to fit your life

• Course schedule:  Classes commence three times a year in the Fall, Spring, and summer semesters, allowing you to tailor your academic journey to your preferences.
• Credit hours:  Earning a bachelor's degree requires the completion of 120 credit hours. You can leverage previously earned college credits towards the degree, potentially reducing the overall program duration.
• Financial considerations:  Ohio University offers affordable tuition rates with financial aid options available to eligible students.

From start to finish: OHIO is by your side

Whether you are looking for an entry-level career in psychology or aiming to propel yourself towards career advancement, a BS psychology degree online equips you with the versatility for a wide range of fulfilling careers. Visit the OHIO University online Bachelor of Science Degree in Psychology website to learn more about the program, explore course options, and connect with an admissions advisor.

Munroe-Meyer

Cara Solness, PhD

•   Senior Leadership
•   Grant Leadership
•   Faculty
•   Care Coordination
•   Caring for Champions
•   Community Engagement
•   Education and Child Development
•   Family Care Enhancement Project
•   Genetic Medicine
•   integrated Center for Autism Spectrum Disorders
•   Occupational Therapy
•   Outpatient Clinic
•   Pediatric Feeding Disorders
•   Physical Therapy
•   Psychology
•   Recreational Therapy
•   Research
•   Severe Behavior
•   Speech-Language Pathology
•   Warren G. Sanger Human Genetics Laboratory

Professional Summary

Cara Solness, PhD (they/she) is a licensed psychologist and Assistant Professor in the Department of Psychology at the Munroe-Meyer Institute. Dr. Solness completed their Ph.D. in Counseling Psychology at the University of Iowa, internship at the University of Iowa’s University Counseling Center and postdoctoral training at University of Colorado’s Anschutz Medical School Department of Psychiatry with a specialization in neonatal mental health, NICU psychology and perinatal mental health. Dr. Solness is a member of the National Network of NICU Psychologists (NNNP) and co-chairs the NNNP Diversity, Equity and Justice Committee (DEAJ).

Dr. Solness currently provides clinical services in the NICU at Children’s Nebraska. Dr. Solness’ research interests include interventions for non-birthing partners in the NICU, LGBTQ+ parents with NICU experiences, therapeutic alliance, group therapy and technology-delivered interventions.

• Postdoctoral Training: Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, 2023
• Internship: University of Iowa Counseling Center, Iowa City, IA, 2022
• PhD: Counseling Psychology - University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 2022
• University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, Group Therapy
• University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Quantitative Foundations, Introduction to Counseling Psychology
• University of Iowa, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Abnormal Psychology
• University of Iowa, SafeZone facilitator

Interests and Projects

• Interventions for non-birthing partners in the NICU
• LGBTQ+ parents with NICU experiences
• Therapeutic alliance
• Technology-delivered interventions

Publications

• Relationship Factors in Internet-Delivered Psychological Interventions for Veterans Experiencing Postpartum Depression: Qualitative Analysis - PubMed (nih.gov)   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37581917/
• Treating postpartum depression in rural veterans using internet delivered CBT: program evaluation of MomMoodBooster - PubMed (nih.gov)   https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33052526/
• Solness, C. L. , Wang, K., Mitchell, A. Kivlighan, D. M. (2024). Queering Group Therapy: A Mixed Methods Study of the Effectiveness of Group Therapy for Transgender and Non-Binary Persons. [Manuscript submitted to Journal of Counseling Psychology]
• Solness, C. L., & Kivlighan, D. M. (2022). Queering group therapy: A phenomenological participatory design with transgender individuals. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice , 53 (3), 215-224. https://doi.org/10.1037/pro0000459

Professional Affiliations

• Division 17 Society of Counseling Psychology
• Division 44 Society for the Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity
• Division 54 Society of Pediatric Psychology
• Co-Chair of Diversity, Equity and Justice Committee
• APA Div 49 Diversity and Social Justice Poster Award (2023)
• University of Iowa College of Education Research Grant (2020)
• University of Iowa Graduate and Professional Student Grant (2020)

Social Psychology Graduate Program Celebrates NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Achievements

By Patricia Spillane

We are thrilled to announce that several of our distinguished students have been recognized by the National Science Foundation (NSF) for their exceptional research potential. The NSF Graduate Research Fellowships and Honorable Mentions highlight our students’ commitment to advancing knowledge and understanding in their respective fields.

Asha Hinson , a first-year student working under the guidance of Professor Julian Rucker, has been awarded the prestigious NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.

Yuritza Escalante , an incoming graduate student who will be joining Professor Kristen Lindquist’s lab, also received an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship.

Additionally, Natalie Antenucci , soon to be working with Professor Keely Muscatell, has been honored with an NSF Honorable Mention.

The NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program supports outstanding graduate students in NSF-supported STEM disciplines who are pursuing research-based Master’s and doctoral degrees at accredited United States institutions. The fellowships provide three years of financial support within a five-year fellowship period.

Please join us in congratulating Asha, Yuritza, and Natalie on their outstanding achievements. We look forward to their continued success and contributions to the social sciences.

Psychology Doctoral Degrees

Psychology.org Staff

Contributing Writer

Learn about our editorial process .

Updated July 12, 2023 · 5 Min Read

Psychology.org is an advertising-supported site. Featured or trusted partner programs and all school search, finder, or match results are for schools that compensate us. This compensation does not influence our school rankings, resource guides, or other editorially-independent information published on this site.

Are you ready to discover your college program?

Is a Psy.D. Program Right For You?

Psy.D. programs provide an alternative to Ph.D. in psychology programs that heavily emphasize research methods. Psy.D. candidates focus more on clinical practice and pragmatic aspects of psychology. This means learners explore coursework in human development, psychological assessment, and methods of behavior more than in a Ph.D. program.

The Psy.D. program places more emphasis on the culminating internship and practicum elements than the dissertation. The program benefits learners looking to transition quickly from the doctoral degree into clinical work.

A Psy.D. program prepares you for work as a clinical psychologist in many different environments. Some psychology specialties, such as pain and pediatric psychology, call for a Psy.D., where you complete an internship relating to these specialized areas of practice.

Psy.D. vs a Ph.D. in Psychology

Though both the Psy.D. and Ph.D. require APA accreditation for licensure and employment, some important differences exist between these two degrees. The typical Psy.D. program features less competitive admissions standards and less research-related coursework than a Ph.D. A Psy.D. often takes less time, 4-6 years, to complete than a Ph.D., 5-7 years.

Online Psychology Doctoral Degree Programs

Learn about start dates, transferring credits, availability of financial aid, and more by contacting the universities below.

What Can I Expect From a Psy.D. Program?

Typically, you can anticipate spending between four and six years completing your Psy.D. program, depending on whether you take classes part- or full-time. Most Psy.D. degrees comprise 60 credits. Completing your Psy.D. at a part-time pace can lead to your program taking closer to six years and costing slightly more than if you took classes full-time.

A Psy.D. program concludes with clinical hours and a dissertation. For the dissertation, learners complete a long-form essay or doctoral project, keeping up with American Psychological Association (APA) requirements.

The Psy.D. learning experience concentrates more on the clinical requirements. Learners complete their clinical hours in two parts: a practicum precedes an internship within the last two semesters. Most programs require degree candidates to spend around 2,000-3,000 hours in clinical practice. Psy.D. degrees more heavily emphasize practical skills to prepare learners for lucrative and high-responsibility careers in clinical settings.

Psy.D. Curriculum

The curriculum for a Psy.D. program covers the essential skills that clinical psychologists need to assess, diagnose, and treat mental health problems and illnesses in both one-on-one and group settings. They study the fundamentals of human development and neuropsychological assessment practice to inform career-specific skills, such as group work intervention and family therapy.

• Lifespan Development: To understand the scientific foundations of psychology, learners take coursework in the different cognitive, behavioral, and emotional stages of development in human life.
• Professional Issues: Degree candidates take coursework on the legal, ethical, and professional issues entailed within contemporary psychology and how they influence practice in the context of multidisciplinary managed care.
• Group Interventions: Students get an overview of intervention techniques for group therapy work that encompass psychotherapy, relaxation techniques, and education, often in the context of substance abuse issues and mood disorders.
• Family Therapy: This course explores the theoretical underpinnings of assessment strategies and intervention techniques for family and couples therapy, often also addressing multicultural influences on practice.
• Neuropsychological Assessment: Learners survey the anatomical, empirical, and clinical fundamentals of neuropsychological assessment, including techniques for interpreting and documenting assessments. The course often incorporates a practice lab component.

What Are the Admissions Requirements for a Psy.D.?

Palo alto university.

• Minimum Education Level: Bachelor's
• Minimum Undergraduate GPA: 3.3
• Required Standardized Tests GRE

Indiana State University

• Minimum Undergraduate GPA: 3.0

What Kinds of Psychology Careers Can I Pursue With a Psy.D.?

Graduates who hold a Psy.D. may work in a variety of lucrative clinical careers relating to psychology , sociology, and education. Psychologists typically make around $79,010 annually. Marriage and family therapist or school and career counselor careers offer comfortable salary expectations at $50,090 and $56,310, respectively.

Psy.D. Careers and Average Pay

Psychologist.

Average Annual Salary: $79,010

Marriage and Family Therapist

Average Annual Salary: $50,090

Postsecondary Teacher

Average Annual Salary: $78,470

Sociologist

Average Annual Salary: $82,050

School and Career Counselor

Average Annual Salary: $56,310

Check out Some of the Top Ph.D. in Psychology Programs

If it seems likely that a doctoral psychology program with a more intensive research component would better suit your interests as a learner, you should give strong consideration to pursuing a Ph.D. in psychology rather than a Psy.D.Follow this link for a primer on criteria to consider for choosing the right Ph.D. in psychology program.

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Psychology and neuroscience graduate will focus on mental well-being of youth

First-hand internship experience with children with mental health challenges shaped eliza joy's decision to pursue a doctorate in school psychology.

Photo courtesy of Eliza Joy

Editor’s note:  This story is part of a series of profiles of  notable spring 2024 graduates .

Career-connected learning made all the difference in Eliza Joy’s undergraduate education at ASU.

In addition to double majoring in psychology in the School of Counseling and Counseling Psychology at the College of Integrative Sciences and Arts , and neuroscience at The College of Liberal Arts and Sciences , she gained intensive, real-world experiences during two internships: as a counseling aide and social science technician.

While interning at Desert Visions Youth Wellness Center , a Native American youth substance abuse treatment facility, Joy said she learned how factors such as poverty, generational trauma, addiction and a lack of mental health resources can significantly impact nearly every area of health and education.

“My two incredible internships were integral to my success during my undergraduate education,” noted Joy, who is one of three graduates being honored as an inaugural Dean’s Medalist in the College of Integrative Sciences and Arts this spring. The college's Dean’s Medalists are honored for their display of exemplary academic achievement and record of leadership and service.

These experiences motivated her to continue learning in this arena and in the fall, she will pursue school psychology as a doctoral student at the University of South Carolina.

Question: Did a scholarship help fund your academic journey at ASU?

Answer: The Medallion Scholarship Program helped fund my academic journey at ASU and played a big role in my success as a student. Not only did MSP help relieve some of the financial burdens of my studies, but the program also provided me with an immense amount of support and community. The scholarship program prides itself on academic success, leadership, and community service and has helped me grow in all of those areas throughout my years at ASU.

Q: What was your “aha” moment when you realized you wanted to study the fields you majored in?

A: A huge “aha” moment that solidified my passion for the field was my experience interning for Advanced Therapeutic Solutions for Anxiety, a mental health clinic that specializes in anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and selective mutism. I had the opportunity to work with children with selective mutism in the intensive exposure therapy process as a psychological confederate. During my time there, I worked as a psychological confederate and in that role, I was used as a therapeutic tool for those who had selective mustism in exposure therapy sessions. Here, I learned about the importance of early intervention and the significant role that educational systems play in the well-being of students. 

During Adventure Camp, a week-long exposure therapy session, I asked my camper, “What was your favorite part of the day?” They looked up at me, smiled, and replied, “You!” Out of all the fun things we did that day, which included a trip to the ice cream parlor, I had made a positive impact on their day and enough of an impact to be considered one of the best parts. That is my “why” when I am asked why I chose the path I am on now.   

Q: What’s something you learned while at ASU — in the classroom, lab or otherwise — that surprised you or changed your perspective?

A: One of the most important lessons I learned during my time at ASU is that I — and you — can do hard things. Life and college are full of challenges, but in embracing the things that encompass our human experience, we find ourselves. Growth is uncomfortable, but it is incredibly beautiful, too.  

Q: Why did you choose ASU?

A: I chose ASU because of its renowned psychology programs, extensive connections, and significant research. Arizona will always be my home!        

Q: What was your most interesting moment, story or accomplishment at ASU?

A: One of my favorite moments in my ASU journey was being elected to represent the Polytechnic campus as Homecoming Royalty on ASU’s Homecoming Court. I had the best time celebrating ASU traditions, meeting new people, and bringing electric energy to all of the Homecoming events! Having the opportunity to be a part of Homecoming in such a unique way was truly one of the most memorable and rewarding experiences.

Q: Which professor taught you the most important lesson while at ASU and what was it?

A: Professor Bryan Camp gave me a lot of incredible advice throughout my years at ASU, spanning from academic support to overall personal well-being. One of the most important lessons he taught me was the value of lifelong learning and how important and exciting it is to continue to grow your knowledge, experiences and yourself.

Q: What’s the best piece of advice you’d give to those still in school?

A: Trust yourself to figure life out as you go. Your early 20s are hard, and if there is one thing I’ve learned as a student success coach at ASU, it is that everybody puts so much pressure on the need to know exactly where they will end up. You will discover your path. Trust your own journey and timeline, as they belong to you.

Q: What was your favorite spot on campus?

A: During the cooler months, I loved to study by the water fountain outside of the Student Union at the Polytechnic campus. During the warmer months, I loved hanging out with my friends by the Starbucks at the Student Union and listening to the students' hustle and bustle.

Q: What are your plans after graduation?

A: I will pursue a PhD in school psychology with an emphasis in pediatric health and integrated care at the University of South Carolina. In the future, I want to work on a panel of health care providers to take an interdisciplinary approach to the well-being of children by supporting those who struggle with serious health conditions as they transition back into an educational setting.

Q: If someone gave you $40 million to solve one problem on our planet, what would you tackle?

A: I would focus on optimizing the success of our future generations by way of our educational systems. I think it is important not only to deliver quality education but also to integrate structured support systems, interventions, and programs for developing life skills, especially regarding mental health. The mind and the body work together and influence each other in nearly every capacity, and I believe we could do a lot to set up our future generations for successful and healthy lives. I don’t know if $40 million would solve this problem, but it would be an awesome start!

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