how to write a canadian cover letter

Canada Cover Letter Format And Free Samples (2023)

In Canada, a well-written cover letter can be just as important as a strong resume when it comes to landing your dream job.

While cover letters may seem daunting, they are an essential component of the job application process. A well-crafted cover letter can set you apart from other applicants and demonstrate your professionalism, attention to detail, and passion for the position.

In this article, we’ll provide tips and guidelines to help you create a compelling Canada cover letter that will impress employers and increase your chances of landing an interview.

Canada Cover Letter Font

6. signature, researching the company, proofreading and editing, cover letter sample 3 (fresher), canada cover letter basics.

A cover letter is a document that introduces you to potential employers and highlights your qualifications, skills, and experience. It is your chance to make a great first impression and convince hiring managers that you are the right person for the job.

Canada Cover Letter Format

In Canada, a cover letter should follow a standard format that includes your contact information, the date, and the recipient’s contact information. Begin with your name, address, and contact details, followed by the date and the recipient’s name, and address. Use a clear and organized layout to ensure your cover letter is easily readable.

Canada Cover Letter Length

A Canadian cover letter should be concise and limited to one page in length . This allows you to effectively showcase your qualifications and experiences without overwhelming the reader.

It is crucial to choose a professional-looking font for your cover letter. Common font choices include Times New Roman, Arial, or Calibri. Be consistent with your font selection throughout the cover letter to maintain a polished appearance.

When it comes to font size, aim for a balance between readability and space efficiency. A font size of 10 to 12 points is generally considered appropriate in a Canadian cover letter. This ensures the text is large enough to be easily readable, but not too large that it takes up excessive space on the page.

Canada Cover Letter Structure

The structure of a Canadian cover letter typically consists of an introduction, body, and conclusion .

• In the introduction , you should introduce yourself and express your interest in the position.
• In the body , focus on your qualifications, relevant skills, and experiences that make you a valuable candidate for the job.
• Conclude by thanking the reader for their time and consideration.

Canadian cover letters typically begin with a header containing the applicant’s name, job title, city and province, phone number, and email address.

It’s also essential to include the current date . The header should be consistent with the one used in the applicant’s resume for a cohesive presentation.

2. Greeting

In the greeting section, address the hiring manager by their full name and title. If the name is not available, use a generic salutation such as “Dear Hiring Manager” or “To Whom It May Concern.”

Personalization is preferred, so make an effort to find the hiring manager’s name when possible.

The opening paragraph serves as an introduction and an opportunity to grab the hiring manager’s attention. Applicants should briefly mention the job title and company they’re applying to, and express enthusiasm for both the position and the organization.

Including keywords from the job posting and aligning personal skills with the employer’s requirements will make the opening more impactful.

In the body of the cover letter, applicants should elaborate on their relevant skills, experiences, and achievements. It’s necessary to make connections between the job requirements and the applicant’s qualifications.

• When discussing experiences, be specific and focus on accomplishments rather than just listing responsibilities.
• Use bullet points or short paragraphs to present the information in a clear and easy-to-read manner.

The body of the letter should effectively convey the applicant’s background and qualifications while demonstrating a genuine interest in the role and the company.

The closing section is the final opportunity to leave a positive impression on the hiring manager. Here, applicants should reiterate their enthusiasm for the position and summarize their qualifications .

It’s also appropriate to politely request an interview and express gratitude for the manager’s time and consideration. End the closing paragraph with a professional and respectful closing such as “Sincerely” or “Best Regards.”

Lastly, include a signature in the cover letter which may consist of the applicant’s full name and any relevant professional designation or certification.

If the cover letter is being sent electronically, either type the full name or use an electronic/digital signature as a more personal touch.

Customizing Your Cover Letter

Tailoring to the job.

When customizing your cover letter, it is essential to tailor it to the specific job you are applying for. Start by carefully reviewing the job description and noting the key requirements, responsibilities, and qualifications mentioned.

Then, in your cover letter, emphasize how your skills and experiences align with these aspects of the job. In doing so, be sure to use relevant keywords and phrases from the job description to demonstrate your understanding of the role.

Split your text into concise paragraphs that focus on different aspects of the job, such as your relevant experience, technical skills, and soft skills. You may also consider using bullet points to highlight specific achievements that directly relate to the position.

In addition to tailoring your cover letter to the job, you should also research the company and demonstrate how your values and goals align with theirs . This shows that you have taken the time to understand the organization’s culture and objectives and that you would be a good fit for the team.

You can find information about a company’s values and goals on its website or through news articles, press releases, and social media accounts.

Remember, customizing your cover letter for each position you apply to and researching the company can make a significant difference in making a positive first impression on a recruiter or hiring manager. By focusing on these aspects, you demonstrate your attention to detail and genuine interest in the job and company, improving your chances of landing an interview.

Writing Tips for a Canadian Cover Letter

Highlighting achievements.

When crafting a Canadian cover letter, it is essential to focus on the tangible accomplishments in your career. Mention specific achievements  that demonstrate your capabilities and experiences relevant to the job you are applying for.

Include quantifiable results, such as increased sales or improved customer satisfaction, to clearly showcase your successes. Use active verbs and concise language to communicate your achievements in a compelling manner.

Focusing on Skills and Qualifications

Employers want to see that you have the necessary skills and qualifications to succeed in the role. Align your skills with the requirements listed in the job description , and provide examples of how you have applied these skills in previous positions. Include both technical and transferable skills that will make you an asset to the company.

Providing specific examples can help create a strong connection between you and the organization, increasing your chances of being invited for an interview.

In addition, mention any relevant education or certifications that demonstrate your qualifications for the position.

Emphasizing Value

An effective cover letter should articulate the  value  you would bring to the company. Explain how your skills, achievements, and experiences will contribute to their success.

Relate your accomplishments to the goals and objectives of the company, and demonstrate your understanding of their priorities and challenges. By doing this, you will show potential employers that you can make a positive impact on their organization.

As a final step before submitting your cover letter, make sure to proofread and edit your work thoroughly. This includes checking for proper grammar, spelling, and formatting.

Ensure that your cover letter is one page long, left-aligned with single spacing , and has one-inch margins .

Use a professional font, such as Arial or Helvetica, at a size between 10 and 12 points. Double-check your work to eliminate any errors, as these may create a negative impression on potential employers.

With a well-written cover letter, applicants can confidently present themselves as an attractive candidate, ultimately improving their chances of career success.

Canada Cover Letter Examples

Cover letter sample 1.

Here’s a sample cover letter for a job in Canada:

Cover Letter Sample 2

Here’s another sample cover letter for a job in Canada:

Here’s another sample cover letter for a job in Canada, more suitable for freshers:

Writing an effective cover letter is a critical component of a successful job search in Canada. A well-written cover letter can demonstrate your interest in the position, showcase your qualifications and skills, and distinguish you from other applicants.

When writing your cover letter, it is essential to customize it for each position, research the company, and carefully proofread it to avoid any errors.

Remember to keep your cover letter concise, relevant, and professional, and highlight your unique skills and experiences that make you the ideal candidate for the position.

With these tips in mind, you can create a compelling cover letter that will capture the attention of potential employers and help you stand out in a competitive job market. Good luck with your job search!

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Canadian Cover Letter Guide

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A Canadian cover letter is a short document written in response to a specific job prospect and addressed directly to the hiring manager or individual in charge of hiring for the position. It should add to the information contained in your resume and resent you to the employer as a candidate.

Cover letters are essential in the hiring process as they provide candidates with the opportunity to introduce themselves, demonstrate their qualifications, and show enthusiasm for a specific role and company.

They serve as a personalized communication tool, allowing candidates to make a positive first impression, tailor their message to the job, and address potential concerns or unique situations.

A well-written cover letter enhances a candidate’s chances of standing out and securing an interview in Canada .

The following are general guidelines only. You must tailor your cover letter to suit your own experiences, and to suit the specific position you are applying for.

Before You Begin

Once you find a specific job posting that you want to apply for, you can begin to work on your application cover letter. Following these steps before you begin will help you write the best cover letter possible.

1. Do Your Research

Before you begin to write your cover letter, learn everything that you can about the company or organization you are applying to. Check out their website and social media pages, research their top competitors, and read recent industry news articles. Learn the name(s) of the individual(s) who will be in charge of hiring for the position you want, as well as the head(s) of the company.

Also, keep in mind the job description and requirements for the role. it allows you to create a cover letter that showcases your qualifications, aligns with the company’s needs, and demonstrates your genuine interest in the position. This, in turn, increases your chances of being noticed and considered for the role.

Doing this research will help you decide what you should include. Do your research for every cover letter you write. It may take some time, but you have a much better chance of being granted an interview if you have tailored your cover letter to the individual who will be reading it.

2. Check for Instructions

Some employers include instructions in their job postings. They might ask you to include specific information or answer certain questions, in your cover letter. Check whether the employer has left any specific instructions for your cover letter. If they have, follow them carefully.

3. Save time by using a Master Template:

Creating a separate cover letter for every job application can be exhausting. Instead, develop a comprehensive cover letter template that highlights your key qualifications, skills, and experiences.

Keep a library of snippets or bullet points highlighting your achievements, skills, and relevant experiences. You can easily insert these into your cover letter as needed. This template can serve as a foundation for various job applications, making the process more efficient.

Formatting Guidelines

There is a standard cover letter format that most Canadian employers will expect you to follow. However, depending on your industry and the specific job posting you are responding to, you may have to change the formatting of your cover letter.

1. Length  Your cover letter should be no more than one page in total.

2. Font  Your font should be consistent throughout your cover letter, and you should choose a professional-looking font. Your font size should be big enough that it is easy to read when your cover letter is printed.

3. Spacing  Your cover letter should be appropriately spaced. The main body should be single-spaced, with sufficient space left between each new paragraph and section.

What to Include

There are seven sections in a cover letter.

1. Your Information  Your name and contact information should be at the top of your cover letter. Include your:

• First and last name
• Current residential address
• Phone number
• Email address

2. Date  Below your information, write the date that you are sending your cover letter.

3. Employer Information  Below the date, include the contact information of the individual, department, or company you are addressing in the cover letter. If you know the name of the individual, include their:

• Position title
• Company or organization name
• Commercial address of the company or organization

If you do not know the name of the individual, include:

• Department in charge of hiring decisions (if known)
• Commercial address of company or organization

4. Greeting  Use a formal greeting to open your letter. If you know the name of the individual making hiring decisions, address them directly with their prefix and full name. If you don’t know the name of the individual, use a formal, generic greeting like ‘To whom it may concern,’.

5. Main Text:  There are three parts to the main text of your cover letter: the introduction, body, and conclusion.

Introduction  In the first paragraph of your cover letter, you should introduce yourself as a candidate . Include your first name and the position you are applying for. You can also include your post-relevant qualification and how you found the job posting. If you have a contact at the company who referred you to the job, you may want to mention him or her by name and department. Your introduction should be no more than two to three sentences.

Body  In the next couple of paragraphs, you want to convince the employer that you are the best candidate for the job position. Tell them why they should invest in you. If you’re not sure what to include, try to answer these questions:

• What projects have you worked on that are relevant to this position? What did you learn from them? Why does this make you a better candidate?
• What responsibilities have you held that are relevant to this position? What did you learn from them? Why does this make you a better candidate?
• What do you intend to do if you are hired? What benefit does the employer get if he or she hires you instead of someone else?

The body of your cover letter should be one or two paragraphs.

Conclusion  The conclusion is the final paragraph in the main text of your cover letter. It is your opportunity to tell the employer how you feel about potentially working for the company, thank them for the opportunity to apply, and invite them to respond to your application. It should be no more than three or four sentences.

6. Signature  There are two parts to your cover letter signature: the closing line and your full name.

• Closing Line  Your cover letter must include an appropriate closing line. This is the line right before your name.
• Full Name  Your full name follows the closing line. It is not necessary to print and physically sign your cover letter since more job applications are done electronically.

Final Revision

Carefully review your cover letters to make sure you have not made any mistakes.

1. Proofread

Check your cover letter for any spelling or grammar mistakes. If possible, have someone else proofread it for you, or come back to it after a night’s sleep. Be sure that you have not made any mistakes in:

• Your name and contact information
• The employer’s name and contact information
• The name of the company or organization you are applying to

2. Check Instructions

Go over any instructions for your cover letter given by the employer and make sure you have followed them carefully.

Make sure that you have the correct date on your cover letter. The date should be the day that you send your cover letter to the potential employer.

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A Canadian cover letter acts as an introduction to your resume and is tailoured to a particular role you wish to apply in Canada. A cover letter's primary purpose is to introduce you to the Canadian employer and urge them to read your resume. It should demonstrate that you are the ideal candidate for their firm. Your cover letter should highlight your relevant qualifications, experience, and favourable work characteristics. Also, if you don't have a Canadian Resume, you can create one below. FREE Canadian Resume Builder Download your Free Canadian Cover Letter Sample and Template below on your laptop/desktop.

If you don't have a Canadian-Style Resume yet, you can create one below FREE Canadian Resume Builder

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How do you write a cover letter for Canada? We’re here to provide tips on how to write a focused Canadian cover letter and supply you with cover letter examples.

Being able to write a cover letter for Canada is a must for all professional job applications and is crucial to finding work in the country, so let’s get started.

Write the perfect cover letter for Canada’s job market

One of the most important things to remember when it comes to creating the perfect cover letter for Canada is that there’s a three-pronged approach to success.

First of all, you need to introduce yourself and the job you are applying for.

Secondly, make it patently clear that your skill set matches that requirements listed in the job description.

Finally, articulate the reasons why you would be an ideal candidate for an interview but don’t be too pushy.

OK, so let’s look at these three points in closer detail.

• Always state your relevant skills and reasons why you are right for the role in question as early as possible in your cover letter for Canada. A cover letter in Canada is not all about you. Ensure you spend at least 30 per cent of the document talking about what you know about the company — recent projects, company values, company news. Make the company feel special and they will be more likely to invite you for an interview.
• Do not simply rehash your resume. Instead you should focus on showing why the skills and experience you have would be a fit for the role in question . It makes sense to address each requirement in turn, doing so shows the hiring manager that you understand the role clearly and could be a great fit for the position.
• Do your research on the company and demonstrate this in your cover letter to ensure you make a good first impression. Don’t take it as a given. Highlight what you know, but don’t be brash about it.
• Don’t forget that you will need two documents — a resume and cover letter — for a successful job application in Canada. Keep your resume brief and then craft a cover letter to provide more nuance to the key skills and attributes that you will bring to the role if hired. In brief, make sure that you “tick all the boxes” that are outlined in the job description.
• Our comprehensive resume guide should help you with the accompanying resume, which is also crucial to landing an interview and ultimately your dream job in Canada.
• Also, we have listed some common interview questions and how to answer them.

Want to write the best Canadian cover letter possible?

A cover letter for canada: always needed.

In some instances — such as if you are lucky enough to be referred by an employee of a company — a cover letter may not be completely necessary. However, it is best to write a Canadian cover letter for each job application as it is a means of demonstrating your understanding of the position and how your skills and experience match the requirements. This is particularly true if you want to land that dream career job.

Take the time to understand the company and elaborate concisely about how you can help them. That’s how to make a strong first impression and write a successful cover letter. Generic cover letters for Canada that state “I have always wanted to work for {insert company name} . . .” don’t cut it, so differentiate yourself by showing the company you are genuinely interested in them.

Don’t forget to download the  Moving2Canada Getting Started Guide today. In this free guide you will find detailed templates for a Canadian-style resume and a Canadian cover letter. The guide will give you exclusive access to our proven cover letter techniques and will help you accelerate your job search in your new home.

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Cover Letter Format that Employers Notice

by Corinna Frattini | Feb 9, 2021 | Crafting Your Job Search Action Plan to Work in Canada

Your cover letter for a Canadian job will help employers notice you! And importantly, it can help determine whether or not a recruiter contacts you for an interview. While there is some debate over the need for a cover letter, it’s absolutely essential. Your cover letter format can help you to stand out among other candidates and give you a key advantage. With a cover letter for a Canadian job, hiring managers will notice a compelling story about your skills and achievements. On the other hand, a poorly written letter reflects a casual attitude that may affect your ability to land a job.  

Often, newcomers spend much time and energy writing a strong resume but not enough time on writing a persuasive cover letter.  This approach can often lead to nowhere. Without a compelling cover letter, it’s easy to get caught in a spiral of rejection from employers or settle for a job that isn’t well suited to you.

While it can be time-consuming to write a letter that is worthy of notice, you’ll find that it’s time well spent. Many Canadian employers will agree that a great letter can make all the difference when selecting who they will interview. However, if the job posting clearly states that a cover letter is not required, you can avoid it. This will also show that you can follow instructions. S o if you’re wondering if you need a cover letter to include with your resume the answer is yes!

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What is a Cover Letter?

It’s an important element when you apply for a job in Canada. A proper cover letter format allows you to share information about yourself that goes beyond what’s on your resume or CV.

A strong cover letter uses clear and concise language and states what is relevant to the job posting. It’s like a sales pitch to convince an employer that you are the right candidate for the position.

The Cover Letter Format

While you can find many generic cover letter samples to use, it’s best to write your own cover letter. And tailor your letter to the specific job and company that you are applying to.

No doubt, tailoring a cover letter for each job is time-consuming. However, it’s time well spent.

Do your research to identify why you want to work at that company. Take the time to express it in every cover letter that you write. If you can’t express why you want to work for the company in your cover letter, you’ll struggle to answer that question in an interview. As well, thorough research will help you to identify if your past experience, career goals, and values align with that of the company and the position.

Your research will also help you to identify what you admire about the company. For example, has the company successfully expanded in the marketplace? Has the company won a coveted award? Or it is an industry leader in an area that you are passionate about?

Cover Letter Sample

This cover letter sample includes six main sections:

Section 1: Contact Information:

Include your:

• phone or cell phone number
• email address
• LinkedIn Address

Tip You can create a personal LinkedIn profile URL that will look professional and current.

Section 2: Employer Contact Information

Include this address format for the employer:

• Name of the contact (if you have it)
• Title of the contact
• Company name
• Company address

Section 3: Salutation (or greeting)

If the job description mentions the name of the hiring manager, begin with Dear Ms. (or Mr.) followed by their surname. If you’re unsure of the person’s gender, it’s best to use Dear followed by their first and last names.

When the name of the hiring manager is not provided, you could try to find their name on the company website or through LinkedIn. Alternatively, it’s appropriate to use “Dear Hiring Manager” for the salutation. But, do make an effort to find a name. It’s that much more personal and your effort will show.

Avoid using “To Whom It May Concern” or “Dear Sir/Madam”.

Section 4: Introduction

A great cover letter format will grab the hiring manager’s eye with a compelling opening statement. Explain why you are interested in the position. Show that you want to work for that specific organization. Convey that you’re excited about the role. Employers love to hear that you’re excited about the company and that you have done your research.

Answer these questions:

• Why do you want to work for this company?
• What excites you about the opportunity?

Section 5: Body

Describe what you can offer the employer. Draw on your past experience and results that relate directly to the job. And help the reader to see why you’re the best candidate.

Make it easy for the reader to connect the dots. For example, your ability to speak multiple languages makes you an ideal candidate for a customer service role. Describe what makes you different from every other qualified applicant. Ideally, this section should be one to two paragraphs.

• What challenges or pain points is the hiring manager or company facing?
• How have you solved similar challenges in the past?
• How are you qualified and why are you the right person to solve their challenges?
• What are three to five qualities that you would bring to this employer or job? For example are you creative, collaborative, or innovative?

Asking yourself these questions will help you to build a foundation for your cover letter format and make it easier to write it.

There are many personality assessments that can help you to identify your strengths. For example, you can complete our free  Drake P3® Assessment . Highlight the strengths that are directly related to the role and convey your passion.

To read more about discovering your strengths, check out this post: Self-Awareness is Key to Your Job Search. When you know your strengths, you show confidence in your unique ability to succeed in the role.

Section 6: Closing

This final section is more than just closing your letter. It’s about opening the door to further contact. This is where you state what your next action will be. For example, you could state that you will phone or email the reader to follow up or arrange a time to meet.

It’s also a great opportunity to express your genuine excitement for the role along with your initiative.

Cover Letter for a Canadian Job | Do’s and Dont’s

• Research the company before you write your cover letter
• Grab the reader’s attention within the first few sentences
• Personalize your letter for each job you apply for
• Explain how you can help the company achieve its goals
• Be concise and clear
• Keep your letter to a half-page or two-thirds of a page to keep the reader’s attention
• Proofread your letter to avoid spelling and grammar errors.

Don’t:

• Use a generic cover letter
• Repeat what’s on your resume
• Cut and paste the job description into your cover letter
• Provide unnecessary details (i.e. recent struggles, or why you were laid off from a job).

Writing a great cover letter for a Canadian job is a time-consuming process, but the reward it pays is worth your effort. As a result, a well-written cover letter will pave the way for more job interviews and give you a greater chance to secure a job in Canada that’s perfect for you!

First 90 Days in the Canadian Workplace | Success Tips

For more helpful information, free resources, and tools to help you resume your career in Canada, visit our Finding a Job in Canada resource page. Get the help you need to achieve your career goals!

Corinna Frattini is the content marketing strategist at Prepare for Canada and contributes articles related to working in Canada. With a background in human resources and leadership development, her articles focus on what Canadian employers seek and how newcomers can continue their careers in Canada.

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As you pursue career opportunities in the Great White North, mastering the art of composing a compelling cover letter becomes paramount. This blog serves as your roadmap, unraveling the nuances of creating a cover letter tailored specifically for Canadian jobs.

From addressing linguistic requirements to aligning with the unique expectations of employers in the Canadian job market, we delve into every aspect that transforms your cover letter from a mere formality to a powerful introduction.

Unlock the secrets to crafting an attention-grabbing Canadian cover letter that showcases your skills and experiences, setting you apart in the job application process!

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter is a one-page document accompanying a job application, usually alongside a resume. Its purpose is to introduce the applicant to the employer and provide additional information about their qualifications, character, and interest in the job. A good cover letter should be concise, typically 250-400 words, and should convince the hiring manager of the applicant's competence and suitability for the job.

It should also grab the hiring manager's attention and make them want to read the applicant's resume. A cover letter can explain anything not addressed in the resume, such as a gap in employment history or a desire to change careers.

Your cover letter serves as the bridge between your skills and the employer's needs. It's your opportunity to showcase your personality, enthusiasm, and unique qualifications in a way that a resume alone can't achieve.

What Should I Include In My Cover Letter?

Crafting an impactful cover letter for your Canadian job application involves more than just words – it's about strategically presenting yourself. Here's a breakdown of essential elements to include:

Reference Number

Understanding its significance.

In Canadian job applications, the Reference Number serves as a beacon of specificity. It's not merely a set of digits; it's your ticket to ensuring your application lands on the right hiring desk. Imagine a hiring manager sifting through a sea of applications – the Reference Number is the compass guiding them to your uniquely identified candidacy.

Reflecting Attention to Detail

Incorporating the Reference Number is a subtle yet impactful way to showcase your attention to detail. It indicates that you've thoroughly read the job posting and understand the intricacies of the application process. Hiring managers appreciate candidates who go the extra mile, including the Reference Number, your initial step.

Tailoring Your Application

One size does not fit all, especially in cover letters. Including the Reference Number is a tailor-made approach, demonstrating your interest in the advertised position. It's akin to addressing someone by name, showing that your application is purposeful, not generic.

Position Title

Recognizing its importance.

The Position Title is the linchpin of your cover letter – a central element that grounds your application for the specific job you're pursuing. Acknowledging the Position Title goes beyond mere formality; it's a strategic move that aligns your narrative with the employer's needs, showcasing a tailored approach.

Demonstrating Clarity and Purpose

From the employer's perspective, a cover letter addressing the Position Title reflects clarity and purpose. It signals that you're not employing a generic, one-size-fits-all approach. Instead, you are intentional about your application, making it easier for the hiring manager to understand your goals and aspirations within the context of the advertised position.

Personalizing Your Introduction

Integrating the Position Title into your introduction creates an immediate connection. It lets the hiring manager know that your cover letter is a routine submission and a personalized narrative crafted with the specific job in mind. This personalization sets a positive tone for the rest of your cover letter, capturing attention from the beginning.

Unveiling Your Personality

Your cover letter is a professional introduction, but it's not merely a sterile document outlining your qualifications. It's an opportunity to infuse personality into your application. Including your interests allows the hiring manager to see beyond the professional facade, providing a glimpse into the person behind the qualifications.

Establishing Cultural Fit

Companies aren't just looking for skills; they seek individuals who align with their values and culture. Your interests can be a powerful indicator of your compatibility with the company's ethos. Sharing relevant interests demonstrates that you're not just looking for any job but one that resonates with your passions and values.

Creating a Memorable Impression

Imagine a hiring manager sifting through a stack of cover letters. Amidst the sea of similar qualifications, a cover letter that reveals genuine interests stands out. It adds a unique flavor to your application, making it more memorable. In a competitive job market, being remembered is a significant advantage.

Language, Education, and Experience Requirements

Language proficiency.

In an increasingly globalized world, language proficiency is crucial beyond mere communication. It reflects your adaptability, cross-cultural competence, and, in some cases, regulatory compliance. Addressing language requirements in your cover letter showcases your ability to navigate a diverse workplace and communicate effectively, a trait highly valued by employers.

Find out how to improve your language skills with our IELTS Preparation Course .

Educational Background

Your education is a cornerstone of your professional identity. Addressing educational requirements in your cover letter is not just a formality; it's an opportunity to showcase how your academic background aligns with the job's demands. It provides the hiring manager with insights into your foundational knowledge and expertise.

Learn more about how to validate your educational credentials in Canada .

Work Experience

Your professional journey, as reflected in your work experience, is a testament to your abilities, skills, and accomplishments. Addressing experience requirements in your cover letter goes beyond listing job titles; it's about weaving a narrative that highlights your contributions and aligns with the expectations of the prospective role.

Find out how to work in Canada without work experience .

Compliments and Call to Action

Building rapport.

Expressing compliments in your cover letter goes beyond mere formalities; it's about building rapport. You demonstrate your knowledge and genuine interest by acknowledging the company's achievements, values, or initiatives. This personal touch can resonate with hiring managers, signaling that you've done your homework and are not just seeking any job but envisioning yourself as part of a successful and admired team.

Integrating a Call to Action Into Your Cover Letter

The following is an example of how you can integrate a call to action in the conclusion of your cover letter.

“In conclusion, I am excited about the prospect of bringing my language proficiency, educational background, and extensive experience to the (Position Title) at (Company Name). I look forward to discussing how my unique skills and qualifications align with the role's requirements. Thank you for considering my application. I am excited about the potential to bring my passion for (mention an interest) to the vibrant culture at (Company Name). I would welcome the opportunity to discuss my candidacy further in an interview. Please contact me at (your phone number) or (your email address). Thank you once again for your time and consideration.”

Learn more about what to include in your cover letter with the visual below:

What Are The Common Mistakes to Avoid in Your Canadian Cover Letter?

Among the most common mistakes to avoid when composing your cover letter includes:

Generic and Non-Tailored Content

A generic cover letter that could be applied to any job dilutes your candidacy. Tailor your content for each application, addressing the specific requirements and showcasing your genuine interest in the particular position and company.

Lack of Research about the Company

Failing to demonstrate knowledge about the company signals a lack of genuine interest. Conduct comprehensive research about the company's values, goals, and recent achievements.

Overemphasis on Personal Information

While a cover letter allows some personalization, avoid including irrelevant personal details. Concentrate on aspects that are professionally relevant, such as skills, experiences, and achievements.

Repetition of Resume Content

Your cover letter should complement your resume, not repeat it. Avoid duplicating information already present in your resume.

Find out more about resume writing in Canada .

Ignoring the Job Description

Tailor your cover letter to address the job description explicitly. Highlight how your skills and experiences align with the specific requirements outlined in the posting.

Failure to Address Employment Gaps or Career Changes

If you have employment gaps or career changes, address them proactively. Use your cover letter to provide a brief explanation, emphasizing how these experiences have contributed to your skills and adaptability.

Now that you have a more informed understanding of what to include in your Cover letter for jobs in Canada, you begin writing your own with the assistance of a Regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant (RCIC).

How Important is a Cover Letter in The Hiring Process?

Cover letters are essential in hiring, allowing candidates to demonstrate their qualifications and enthusiasm for a specific role and company. A well-written cover letter enhances a candidate's chances of standing out and securing an interview.

How Should I Address The Recipient of My Canadian Cover Letter?

Use a formal greeting to open your letter. If you know the name of the individual making hiring decisions, include their name. If you do not know their name, use a polite greeting.

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Canadian cover letter example

The Canadian cover letter is an essential step of the job application process in Canada . Therefore you should be suitably prepared to write one before you sit down at your computer desk. To ensure that you know what to write and how to structure the cover letter , it is advisable to read our Canadian cover letter structure tips and then download a free cover letter template below.

How to structure a Canadian cover letter

Opening of the canadian cover letter.

In Canada, you should open the cover letter with your full name, address, email and subject of the cover letter . The subject of the cover letter is generally the title of the job position to which you are applying. You must also formally address the prospective employer – do this through stating their surname if you know their identity (e.g. Dear Mr. Johnson) or use a general greeting (e.g. Dear Sir or Madam).

Paragraph 1: Why are you writing to this Canadian company?

• Identify the job position you are applying for.
• Indicate that you have attached your Canadian resume  to the letter.
• Tell the employer how your skills and experience would be a good fit for the position .

Paragraph 2: Why should the company hire you?

• Develop your qualifications for the job position including required skills, education, experience, certifications and memberships
• Focus on your relevant qualifications and provide one or two examples.
• Include any achievements such as awards/promotions/evaluations that are relevant to the job position .

Paragraph 3: Why do you want to work at that particular company?

• Refer to research you have done on the company and how it relates to your interests and experiences.
• Illustrate your knowledge about the employer and why you are interested in this company.

Paragraph 4: Ending the Canadian cover letter

• Close with a one or two sentence paragraph thanking the reader for his or her time and consideration.
• Sign off with your full name .

How to write a cover letter as an international student in Canada

For most international students studying in Canada , the ultimate objective of gaining a world-class education is to set themselves up for a successful career. The knowledge, skills, and work experience you acquire during your studies, and the professional network you establish will help prepare you for the Canadian job market .

Whether you’re applying for part-time jobs while in university or college or looking for your first full-time job after graduation, you’ll need a well-written Canadian-style cover letter to accompany your resume . As you prepare to craft and customize your cover letter, you may have many questions. What does a good cover letter look like? What should you include in your cover letter if you don’t have Canadian work experience ? And is a cover letter even necessary? In this article, we provide tips and advice on how to write an impressive cover letter as an international student looking for a job in Canada.

In this article:

What is a cover letter?

Why do international students need cover letters, how should a canadian-style cover letter be structured, tips to write an impressive cover letter as an international student.

Looking for your first job after graduation? Download our guide on finding your career in Canada for tips and resources on crafting an impressive resume and cover letter, preparing for interviews, and landing a job.

A cover letter is a document you submit along with your resume as part of a job application in Canada. It allows you to introduce yourself to the hiring manager and briefly summarizes your professional qualifications and achievements. A well-written cover letter also makes a case for why you’re the right fit for the position and can convince the hiring manager to select you for an interview .

Each job is different, not just in terms of the skills and experience it requires, but also in the personality traits needed to perform it effectively. Your cover letter is your chance to show off a little personality and give the employer a glimpse into the human behind the resume.

As an international student, one of the most important things you can do to improve your employability is gather work experience while you study. If your study permit allows you to work while studying , getting a part-time job, internship, or co-op can add value to your resume. If you’re not permitted to work part-time, volunteering is another way to gain Canadian work experience.

Before you apply for part-time jobs or volunteer opportunities, you will need to craft a customized resume and cover letter. A cover letter is not a nice-to-have; it’s just as important as your resume. Although some job postings in Canada don’t specifically ask for a cover letter, including one will demonstrate your interest in the role and can help position you as a strong candidate .

After you graduate, you may be competing for full-time jobs with your Canadian counterparts who’ve likely had summer jobs since high school and have more Canadian experience to show. In such a situation, a strong cover letter can help you amplify the experience you do have and draw attention to your achievements and strengths to level the playing field.

Unlike a resume which follows a standard format and offers limited scope to tell your story, a cover letter allows you to cite examples of your academic or professional accomplishments, explain gaps in your application, and convince an employer to pick you over other candidates with similar qualifications and possibly, more Canadian experience.

A good cover letter has three key components: an opening paragraph, the body, and a closing statement. Although there are no hard rules about what each section should include, following the below guidelines will help ensure your cover letter flows smoothly and naturally.

The opening paragraph of a cover letter

The opening paragraph is where you should briefly introduce yourself and tell the employer what position you’re interested in and why. Explain why you’re enthusiastic about working with this organization or why this particular role is important to you. 

If you were referred to the role, mention your connection’s name to establish the recruiter’s trust. Your opening statement should also highlight some key skills, qualifications, or experiences that make you a good candidate for the role.

The body copy of a cover letter

The body of your cover letter showcases what you bring to the table for the employer. Use these paragraphs to dive deeper into the qualifications, skills, and experiences you mentioned in your opening paragraph. Highlight one or two noteworthy accomplishments from your part-time experience, academic projects, or volunteer experience that align with what the company is looking for. Be sure to do this in a manner that helps the recruiter visualize how your skills and past experience will translate into practice in this particular role.

Ideally, the cover letter body should include no more than three or four brief paragraphs, each focusing on one achievement or skill that’s relevant to the position.

The closing paragraph of a cover letter

You should conclude your cover letter by thanking the recruiter for considering you for the role. Your closing statement should also reinforce your interest in the position and your confidence that you’re a good candidate. Use a formal sign-off, such as “Sincerely” or “Best regards,” and include your contact information at the end.

You can also use Arrive’s resume and cover letter templates to craft an impressive job application that’s in line with what Canadian employers look for.

The value of a well-drafted, customized cover letter is often underestimated by international students. A cover letter that tells your story and conveys your passion can help you stand out among equally qualified candidates and land a job. Here are some tips to help you craft an effective cover letter that will resonate with Canadian employers:

Follow a formal business letter format

Using an appropriate cover letter format will help ensure that the first impression you make on the hiring manager is a professional one. A formal business letter format includes the recipient’s name, company address, subject line, date, and a formal greeting and closing. A Canadian-style cover letter should include a call to action, such as inviting the hiring manager to contact you for more information or discuss your candidature further over an interview. 

Personalize your cover letter

You should address your cover letter to the hiring manager or recruiter (you can usually find their name in the job posting or on LinkedIn ). Avoid opening your cover letter with a generic salutation like “To whom it may concern” or “Dear sir or madam.” Addressing it to an actual person shows you’ve done your research and helps build that initial connection.

Don’t rewrite information already in your resume  

Think of your cover letter as precious extra space you can use to draw attention to skills, strengths, and qualifications that make you a good candidate for the job. Instead of reiterating what’s already in your resume, highlight one or two specific accomplishments that relate to the role you’re applying for. 

As an international student, you can also elaborate on how the learnings from your study program will help you in this role. Having recently completed your education can work to your advantage if you can demonstrate that your up-to-date technical skills can help a team or company evolve and keep up with market trends.

Customize your cover letter to the role

While your cover letter is your chance to tell your unique story, it’s best not to stray from what the employer seeks. Many Applicant Tracking Systems (ATS) also scan cover letters, so your cover letter should include relevant keywords from the job description. Essentially, an employer wants to know if you are a good fit for the role, so make sure your highlighted strengths align with the role.

Focus on relevant transferable skills

As an international student, your relevant Canadian work experience may be limited. However, you may have acquired several transferable skills during the course of your studies and non-professional experience that can’t be adequately explained on your resume. Use your cover letter to draw connections between your transferable skills and how they’ll help you add value to this role.

For example, if you worked part-time as a barista or server, you may have picked up valuable customer service and time management skills. If you were the president of a student club, your leadership skills may give you an edge over other applicants for the job.

Highlight what makes you unique

The main objective of your cover letter is to help you stand out from the crowd. As an international student, the experience, education, and exposure you received in your home country may help you bring a fresh perspective to a Canadian organization. 

For instance, you may be knowledgeable about the work culture in other markets outside Canada, more adaptable to cultural diversity, or fluent in multiple languages. If you were part of your family business at home or worked for a few years before moving to Canada to study, you may have developed people management skills, relevant technical skills or an entrepreneurial spirit that’ll be useful in the role you’re targeting.

Focus on why you want to work for a specific company 

It’s important to articulate why you want to work for a particular company . Where possible, try to weave the information you know about the company and their work in your cover letter. This shows the hiring manager that you’re familiar with the company’s business and are invested in its success. Perhaps the organization is known for its technical expertise. Maybe you’ve used (and love) their products or find the company’s vision inspiring. Use your cover letter to express why you are passionate about the organization and role. 

Don’t list your references or share personal information

Although most Canadian employers conduct reference checks before hiring an employee, you should not include the names and contact information of your references in a Canadian-style cover letter or resume . If needed, the employer will ask you for this information after they’ve selected you for the position. You are also not supposed to include a photograph or personal information, such as your gender, sexual orientation, race, or marital status in your cover letter.

Keep your cover letter to one page 

Similar to your resume, it’s best to keep your cover letter short and to the point. Feel free to show off more of your personality, but within the confines of what we covered above.

Proofread your cover letter

Always proofread your cover letter before submitting it. Spelling mistakes and grammatical errors can draw the recruiter’s attention away from your achievements and cast doubts on your attention to detail and language skills. It’s also a good idea to have a friend or mentor review your cover letter to make sure it conveys the intended message in a crisp, logical, and impressive way. Also double-check the hiring manager’s name, the company details, as well as your contact information, so the employer can easily reach you if you’re shortlisted for an interview.

As an international student looking for part-time or full-time jobs in Canada, you should familiarize yourself with a Canadian-style cover letter before your job search. A customized cover letter gives you an opportunity to highlight your strengths and achievements and make a strong case for why the organization should hire you.

Things our lawyers want you to know

This article offers general information only and is not intended as legal, financial or other professional advice. A professional advisor should be consulted regarding your specific situation. While information presented is believed to be factual and current, its accuracy is not guaranteed and it should not be regarded as a complete analysis of the subjects discussed. All expressions of opinion reflect the judgment of the author(s) as of the date of publication and are subject to change. No endorsement of any third parties or their advice, opinions, information, products or services is expressly given or implied by Royal Bank of Canada or its affiliates.

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C.V. and Cover Letter

Your C.V. and cover letter are crucial documents in that they usually determine whether or not you will be invited for an interview. As such, they must showcase your most impressive skills and accomplishments. Therefore it is extremely important to tailor your C.V. and cover letter to the position you are targeting so employers know how your skills meet their needs.

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You may schedule an appointment to have your C.V. or cover letter review by a Career Advisor by emailing careers.caps [at] mcgill.ca or by calling 514-398-3304

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C.v. and cover letter guides.

Consult the handouts for writing a successful C.V./résumé & cover letter.

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You can borrow books containing résumé/C.V. and cover letter samples in both English and French from the McGill Library:

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If you need any assistance in translating your C.V. or cover letter from English to French or vice versa, please contact the following agencies.

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A Perfect Cover Letter for Student Visa Application (with Sample)

“How to write a perfect cover letter for a student visa application?”

For international students who plan on applying for a Canadian Study Permit , creating an effective cover letter can improve your chances of success.

If you don’t carefully structure and format your cover, it will push IRCC in another direction, which could cause you to lose your application altogether. This is why applicants must follow a specific structure for every aspect of their cover letters.

Many international students ask us for the perfect cover letter for their Canadian study permit application. Letters can be complicated, so make sure you follow these guidelines.

• Purpose : The cover letter aims to enhance the chances of success in obtaining a Canadian Study Permit.
• Structure : The cover letter should be formatted correctly to avoid potential application issues.
• Components : The cover letter consists of three essential parts: Opening, Body, and Expense/Funds Summary.
• Types of Cover Letters : SOP (Statement of Purpose) for first-time applicants and LOE (Letter of Explanation) for applicants reapplying after a previous denial.
• Opening : State the purpose of the letter, include personal and authority/embassy details, and address the letter to the Visa Officer.
• Body : Begin with a formal greeting, introduce yourself, discuss the purpose of studying in Canada, explain your choice of the Canadian College or University, outline your financial plan, emphasize your commitment to returning to your home country, and conclude the letter with a formal closing.
• Expense/Funds Summary : Outline expenses, state the amount paid and the funds available in your bank account and include a list of documents attached to the application.
• Overall Impact : A well-structured and detailed cover letter can positively influence the visa officer’s decision and contribute to a successful Canadian Study Permit application.

What is a Cover Letter?

A cover letter describes why you want to go to Canada, what you intend to do there, and your post-study plans. It also contains information highlighting your academic and professional achievements.

Two basic types of cover letters are required while applying for a Canadian student visa, i.e. SOP (statement of purpose) and LOE (letter of explanation). Essentially, both of these letters are the same but have different themes.

• Statement of Purpose (SOP) is more for candidates applying for a Canada study visa for the first time.
• LOE (Letter of Explanation) is for applicants reapplying for a Canada study visa after being denied one in the past).

Components of the Cover Letter for Canadian Student Visa

Your cover letter should be structured in three parts, as shown below:

Part 1: Opening

[Purpose of Letter] [Date]

[Your name] [Your Address line 1] [Address line 2] [Address line 3] [Name of Authority/Embassy you are applying through] [Authority/Embassy Address line 1] [Authority/Embassy Address line 2]

Attn. : Visa Officer Subject : APPLYING FOR A STUDY PERMIT (Canada)

Part 2: Body

To Whom It May Concern or Dear Sir/Madam,

[Introduction]

This section should contain a summary of your education and professional goals.

This section should discuss why you need to study in Canada. You can talk about the higher quality of education and how exposure to a new environment will help you develop knowledge and skills to further your career. Also, mention that you intend to return to your home country and apply what you have learned during your educational program in Canada.

[Purpose of Choosing [College/University Name]]

• Discuss why you have chosen to study at the Canadian College or University you will attend. You can talk about the advantages of attending this educational institution compared to the ones in your home country. You can also discuss some disadvantages of pursuing a similar education in your home country.
• Next, disclose if you have already paid tuition for the program you have enrolled in. Also, mention how you intend to pay for tuition and living expenses for subsequent semesters in Canada. Include details on scholarships, grants, or benefits you are receiving from the educational institution.
• Next, clearly state that you intend to return to your home country after completing your educational program in Canada. Mention any family, business, or property ties in your home country that makes it vital for you to return.

Yours Sincerely, [Your Full name]

Part 3: EXPENSE/FUNDS Summary

This section should be formatted in bullet points. Mention:

Accommodation: [Accommodation expense 1] [Accommodation expense 2] [Accommodation expense 3]

Tuition Fee: [Tuition fee for one year] [Tuition fee you have paid for the first semester] [Payable fee which is available in your bank account]

Next, list what documents the visa officer can expect to find in your application packet. For example:

List of documents and items attached with the application:

• Cover letter
• Application form
• Item 7, and so forth

Read more: How to Prove Family Ties for Canadian Visa Applications?

Get Professional Help with Your Canadian PR Application

Apply for Canadian PR with the Help of Licensed RCIC Experts.

Student Visa Cover Letter Sample

Here is a sample cover letter for Canada student visa application.

Applying for Study Permit in Canada June 1, 2022.

Akash Kumar Flat No. 100, Triveni Apartments Pitam Pura, NEW DELHI, 110034 INDIA

High Commission of Canada to India, in New Delhi Visa Section 7/8 Shantipath Chanakyapuri, New Delhi 110 021, India

Attn.: Visa officer Subject: Canadian Study Permit Application

Dear Sir/Madam,

I have been accepted into a graduate program at the University of Waterloo in Canada and will apply for a study permit. I have included my original university acceptance letter with this application.

I am a qualified software developer with six years of experience in India’s IT industry. I have held this position for the last two years at a sizable IT company in New Delhi.

Thanks to the computer science degree I obtained from Delhi Technological University in 2016, I was able to secure a very profitable job. During my studies, I learned how to design and write codes that are used in a variety of software programs worldwide. India’s software development industry is growing rapidly, and as a result, many companies are looking for developers who specialize in specific programming languages. Therefore, I am eager to expand my knowledge and skills by enrolling in an international graduate program.

I chose a graduate program focusing on Programming Languages at the University of Waterloo because it is among the best educational institutions globally for this study area. Many of the program’s professors have contributed to innovative developments in the software programming field. The Waterloo-Kitchener area is also renowned for producing many talented individuals in the computer science field, leading to the region being referred to as Canada’s Silicon Valley. By contrast, my educational prospects in India are pretty limited. New Delhi is a major city with many reputable educational institutions. However, none offer the graduate program I am pursuing. I also believe being immersed in a North American setting will allow me to learn to adapt my skills to multinational companies once I return to India.

I have paid the University of Waterloo CAD 14,000  to cover my fees for my first semester. You can verify this transaction in the attached bank draft with my application.

I have also found accommodation in a dormitory on the university campus. The dormitory’s address is as follows:

Suite #303, Village 1, University of Waterloo 200 University Ave W Waterloo, ON, N2J 4B6, Canada

I have paid my accommodation fees for the first semester. You can contact the University administrator in charge of the dormitory at the following phone number: +1 519-888-4567 ext. 84086

Funds Available

I have INR 8,100,000 or CAD 50,000 in my Indian bank account. You can verify this amount in the bank statement I have supplied with the application package. You can also verify that I have steadily built up these savings from the monthly salary deposits I received from my job at Linus Technologies in New Delhi.

I intend to return to India after completing my graduate program at the University of Waterloo. Both my elderly parents (picture attached) reside in New Delhi, and I plan to take care of them after returning. I also plan to take over managing their rental property in the city. My older brother (picture attached) will be performing this duty while I complete my studies in Canada.

I would greatly appreciate your support in issuing a study permit before August 1, 2022, so I may depart for Canada by August 15, 2022, for my program’s orientation. I have included all the relevant information requested in the original application package. Please contact me at +91 1234-567890 or [email protected] if you need me to submit additional information or documents for my application.

Yours Sincerely,

____[SIGNATURE LINE]____ Akash Kumar

Expense/Funds Summary

Accommodation: First Semester’s Rent: CAD$ 3,500 Payable Rent Amount: CAD$ 3,100

Tuition Fee: First Year’s Tuition Fee: CAD$ 28,000 First Semester’s Tuition Fee: CAD$ 14,000 First Semester’s Payable fee: CAD$ 13,000

Total Bank Balance in my account is INR 8,100,000 or CAD 50,000 .

Note: The documents and other items enclosed with my application are summarized below:

• Checklist form (IMM 5483)
• Completed and Signed Application form
• Supplementary Information form
• The University of Waterloo provided the letter of Acceptance. (Original + one copy)
• Payment Receipt for First Semester’s Tuition
• Confirmation of Accommodation at Village 1 Dormitory at the University of Waterloo
• Proof of funds (Bank statement from the past six months)
• Statement from my bank manager describing my financial history.
• Originals and photocopies of my educational documents.
• Original IELTS language test results
• Recommendation letter from my work supervisor
• Original passport and one copy
• Pictures of my parents and brother
• Copy of my Identity Card
• Six recent photos
• Police clearance certificate

This sample cover letter can be used as a guide when applying for a student visa in Canada. Always ensure you include all sections and go through your letter for spelling, grammar, and other mistakes before submitting it to the Visa Officer. When writing a letter, be concise but do not omit important details.

Take Professional Help from Licensed Consultants

Many of the applicants for student visas that we assisted are currently enrolled in Canada’s top colleges. Whether it is your first time applying or you have had repeated study permit refusals, we give you visa success in the easiest way.

You can contact our experts here . Our team is led by Keshav Sharma, a licensed and regulated Canadian Immigration Consultant with many years of experience.

I hope this article has clarified your confusion regarding writing a perfect cover letter for a student visa application. Good luck!

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How to Write a Cover Letter That Will Get You a Job

I ’ve read thousands, maybe tens of thousands, of cover letters in my career. If you’re thinking that sounds like really boring reading, you’re right. What I can tell you from enduring that experience is that most cover letters are terrible — and not only that, but squandered opportunities. When a cover letter is done well, it can significantly increase your chances of getting an interview, but the vast majority fail that test.

So let’s talk about how to do cover letters right.

First, understand the point of a cover letter.

The whole idea of a cover letter is that it can help the employer see you as more than just your résumé. Managers generally aren’t hiring based solely on your work history; your experience is crucial, yes, but they’re also looking for someone who will be easy to work with, shows good judgment, communicates well, possesses strong critical thinking skills and a drive to get things done, complements their current team, and all the other things you yourself probably want from your co-workers. It’s tough to learn much about those things from job history alone, and that’s where your cover letter comes in.

Because of that …

Whatever you do, don’t just summarize your résumé.

The No. 1 mistake people make with cover letters is that they simply use them to summarize their résumé. This makes no sense — hiring managers don’t need a summary of your résumé! It’s on the very next page! They’re about to see it as soon as they scroll down. And if you think about it, your entire application is only a few pages (in most cases, a one- or two-page résumé and a one-page cover letter) — why would you squander one of those pages by repeating the content of the others? And yet, probably 95 percent of the cover letters I see don’t add anything new beyond the résumé itself (and that’s a conservative estimate).

Instead, your cover letter should go beyond your work history to talk about things that make you especially well-suited for the job. For example, if you’re applying for an assistant job that requires being highly organized and you neurotically track your household finances in a detailed, color-coded spreadsheet, most hiring managers would love to know that because it says something about the kind of attention to detail you’d bring to the job. That’s not something you could put on your résumé, but it can go in your cover letter.

Or maybe your last boss told you that you were the most accurate data processor she’d ever seen, or came to rely on you as her go-to person whenever a lightning-fast rewrite was needed. Maybe your co-workers called you “the client whisperer” because of your skill in calming upset clients. Maybe you’re regularly sought out by more senior staff to help problem-solve, or you find immense satisfaction in bringing order to chaos. Those sorts of details illustrate what you bring to the job in a different way than your résumé does, and they belong in your cover letter.

If you’re still stumped, pretend you’re writing an email to a friend about why you’d be great at the job. You probably wouldn’t do that by stiffly reciting your work history, right? You’d talk about what you’re good at and how you’d approach the work. That’s what you want here.

You don’t need a creative opening line.

If you think you need to open the letter with something creative or catchy, I am here to tell you that you don’t. Just be simple and straightforward:

• “I’m writing to apply for your X position.”

• “I’d love to be considered for your X position.”

• “I’m interested in your X position because …”

• “I’m excited to apply for your X position.”

That’s it! Straightforward is fine — better, even, if the alternative is sounding like an aggressive salesperson.

Show, don’t tell.

A lot of cover letters assert that the person who wrote it would excel at the job or announce that the applicant is a skillful engineer or a great communicator or all sorts of other subjective superlatives. That’s wasted space — the hiring manager has no reason to believe it, and so many candidates claim those things about themselves that most managers ignore that sort of self-assessment entirely. So instead of simply declaring that you’re great at X (whatever X is), your letter should demonstrate that. And the way you do that is by describing accomplishments and experiences that illustrate it.

Here’s a concrete example taken from one extraordinarily effective cover-letter makeover that I saw. The candidate had originally written, “I offer exceptional attention to detail, highly developed communication skills, and a talent for managing complex projects with a demonstrated ability to prioritize and multitask.” That’s pretty boring and not especially convincing, right? (This is also exactly how most people’s cover letters read.)

In her revised version, she wrote this instead:

“In addition to being flexible and responsive, I’m also a fanatic for details — particularly when it comes to presentation. One of my recent projects involved coordinating a 200-page grant proposal: I proofed and edited the narratives provided by the division head, formatted spreadsheets, and generally made sure that every line was letter-perfect and that the entire finished product conformed to the specific guidelines of the RFP. (The result? A five-year, $1.5 million grant award.) I believe in applying this same level of attention to detail to tasks as visible as prepping the materials for a top-level meeting and as mundane as making sure the copier never runs out of paper.”

That second version is so much more compelling and interesting — and makes me believe that she really is great with details.

If there’s anything unusual or confusing about your candidacy, address it in the letter.

Your cover letter is your chance to provide context for things that otherwise might seem confusing or less than ideal to a hiring manager. For example, if you’re overqualified for the position but are excited about it anyway, or if you’re a bit underqualified but have reason to think you could excel at the job, address that up front. Or if your background is in a different field but you’re actively working to move into this one, say so, talk about why, and explain how your experience will translate. Or if you’re applying for a job across the country from where you live because you’re hoping to relocate to be closer to your family, let them know that.

If you don’t provide that kind of context, it’s too easy for a hiring manager to decide you’re the wrong fit or applying to everything you see or don’t understand the job description and put you in the “no” pile. A cover letter gives you a chance to say, “No, wait — here’s why this could be a good match.”

Keep the tone warm and conversational.

While there are some industries that prize formal-sounding cover letters — like law — in most fields, yours will stand out if it’s warm and conversational. Aim for the tone you’d use if you were writing to a co-worker whom you liked a lot but didn’t know especially well. It’s okay to show some personality or even use humor; as long as you don’t go overboard, your letter will be stronger for it.

Don’t use a form letter.

You don’t need to write every cover letter completely from scratch, but if you’re not customizing it to each job, you’re doing it wrong. Form letters tend to read like form letters, and they waste the chance to speak to the specifics of what this employer is looking for and what it will take to thrive in this particular job.

If you’re applying for a lot of similar jobs, of course you’ll end up reusing language from one letter to the next. But you shouldn’t have a single cover letter that you wrote once and then use every time you apply; whatever you send should sound like you wrote it with the nuances of this one job in mind.

A good litmus test is this: Could you imagine other applicants for this job sending in the same letter? If so, that’s a sign that you haven’t made it individualized enough to you and are probably leaning too heavily on reciting your work history.

No, you don’t need to hunt down the hiring manager’s name.

If you read much job-search advice, at some point you’ll come across the idea that you need to do Woodward and Bernstein–level research to hunt down the hiring manager’s name in order to open your letter with “Dear Matilda Jones.” You don’t need to do this; no reasonable hiring manager will care. If the name is easily available, by all means, feel free to use it, but otherwise “Dear Hiring Manager” is absolutely fine. Take the hour you just freed up and do something more enjoyable with it.

Keep it under one page.

If your cover letters are longer than a page, you’re writing too much, and you risk annoying hiring managers who are likely sifting through hundreds of applications and don’t have time to read lengthy tomes. On the other hand, if you only write one paragraph, it’s unlikely that you’re making a compelling case for yourself as a candidate — not impossible, but unlikely. For most people, something close to a page is about right.

Don’t agonize over the small details.

What matters most about your cover letter is its content. You should of course ensure that it’s well-written and thoroughly proofread, but many job seekers agonize over elements of the letter that really don’t matter. I get tons of  questions from job seekers  about whether they should attach their cover letter or put it in the body of the email (answer: No one cares, but attaching it makes it easier to share and will preserve your formatting), or what to name the file (again, no one really cares as long as it’s reasonably professional, but when people are dealing with hundreds of files named “resume,” it’s courteous to name it with your full name).

Approaching your cover letter like this can make a huge difference in your job search. It can be the thing that moves your application from the “maybe” pile (or even the “no” pile) to the “yes” pile. Of course, writing cover letters like this will take more time than sending out the same templated letter summarizing your résumé — but 10 personalized, compelling cover letters are likely to get you more  interview invitations  than 50 generic ones will.

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