a thousand splendid suns research paper on feminism

Literary English

What is Syntax in Linguistcs?

In this lesson, you will know about the etymology of the word syntax, definition of syntax in general and definition by renowned linguists and major English dictionaries. You will also find here examples of syntax in sentences.

What is syntax?

Syntax is one of the main areas of linguistic research developed in recent decades. Generally, it encompasses the entire study of how words are ordered in any language to produce a meaningful sentence. It studies the structure and formation of sentences and explains how words and phrases are arranged to form correct sentences. It deals with all rules that are necessary to form up a particular language e.g. English, and how can these rules differ across different languages?

In syntax, we study the arrangement of words in clauses, phrases and different sentences. It also deals with the formation of sentences and relationship between different sentences.

Generally, syntax refers to the rules that deals with words to form up phrases, clauses, and sentences. After 1957, syntax became popular subjects for linguists and anthropologists when Noam Chomsky, an American linguist, proposed transformational grammar theory.

The Etymology of word Syntax

The word “syntax” came from the Greek language which means: “arrange together”. The term, syntax, is also used for the study of the syntactic properties of a human language.

In programming and computer contexts, the word syntax refers to the proper ordering of codes so that the machine processor can understand proper instructions.

Examples of Syntax in a Sentence

Sentences and phrases are formed up by a group of words and words have a closer relationship to each other. Syntax deals with this relation of words and formation of words in a sentence to vary the meaning of the sentence.

Let’s look at an example of how meaning of a sentence can be varied.

• Emma ate mangos  hurriedly .
• Emma  hurriedly ate mangos.
• Hurriedly , Emma ate mangoes.

Now you have seen that by rearranging just one word ‘ hurriedly’ in the above sentence, we got varied syntax. All sentences are grammatically correct with comprehensible meaning and acceptable in English language.

It depends on the writer’s choice to choose word according to his desire to form up a sentence. English language is very flexible compared to other languages. Some of the languages are very rigid and a writer has to follow multiple words to arrange words, but it is not so in |English case. In English, a writer has multiple options to arrange a sentence with same meaning. All this is the job of syntax.

Definition of Syntax in Oxford English Dictionary

The definition of Syntax according to OED is “syntax is concerned with ‘the set of rules and principles in a language’, which relate to how ‘words and phrases are arranged to create well-formed sentences’.” (Oxford English Dictionary: 2015)

Full Definition of  syntax according to Merriam Webster Dictionary

“ The way in which linguistic elements (such as words) are put together to form constituents (such as phrases or clauses).”

Syntax according to renowned linguists

“It is syntax that gives the words the power to relate to each other in a sequence…to carry meaning—of whatever kind—as well as glow individually in just the right place”

(Burgess 1968)

“…the odd thing about English is that no matter how much you screw sequences word up, you understood, still, like Yoda, will be. Other languages don’t work that way. French? Dieu! Misplace a single le or la and an idea vaporizes into a sonic puff. English is flexible: you can jam it into a Cuisinart for an hour, remove it, and meaning will still emerge.”

(Copeland, 2009)

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Thematic Study of the Novel 'A Thousand Splendid Suns'

Writing dependably fills in as the voice of each person and delineates the disadvantages and indecencies in the social framework. It gives freedom to each tyrannized and over hurled individual just as to a network to make known their inward voice through it. The present study aimed to highlight the selected themes of the novel 'A Thousand Splendid Suns' compiled by Khaled Hosseini. It inculcated that the women in the conflict zone of Afghanistan were tortured, mistreated by the people who were supposed to be their care takers. It examined that how they were dexterous to defy the brutality experienced by them during the regime of Taliban in Afghanistan. The present study ascertained that the women who were begotten as maids, shown sheer perseverance which made them worthy to resist the oppression, suffering, prevailed on them. It examined that love can be the source that can remove the darkness reigned in the miserable valleys. It helped to analyse the sacrifices made by the women while facing tortures, oppressions, sufferings during the Turmoil in Afghanistan. The study of the present research highlighted the wrinkles of 'motherhood' that a mother bears up when she nurtures her child. It can be discovered from this study that mothers often endure themselves for the sake of their children. The study made it clear that no issue can be solved through, suffering, oppression, tortures etc, but by exhibiting the attribute of Perseverance, love every unresolved issue can be solved.

Related Papers

Abdillah Nugroho

VEDA'S JOURNAL OF ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE [JOELL]

The Present article is an attempt to explore the agony of women and also their quest for identity. Through this novel, Hosseini tries to give voice for the voiceless women in Afghanistan. And Hosseini, most importantly focusses on the injustice done towards women in the Afghan society. The novel, A Thousand Splendid Suns reveals a lot of female characters and describes how they are exploited by male. It mainly deals with two Afghan women, Mariam and Laila. Cultural imperialism is another thing which tortures women throughout their life. Gender equality is the prominent issue which was faced by these two characters. Not only Mariam and Laila, but also the women in Afghanistan experienced the gender issues and oppression made by male in Afghanistan. The novel, Thousand Splendid Suns, Hosseini reveals the story of Afghanistan and also the position and place of women in the Afghan society. Very sensitively, Hosseini examined the pathetic condition and situation of women in Afghanistan in this novel. The novel is considered as a stepping stone to bring some changes in the life of Afghan women.

Muhammad Imran Joyia , Gull Hameed , Sohail Ghafoor

This research paper is based on Khaled Hosseini's daring effort to highlight and acknowledge the marginalization and subjugation of women in patriarchal society especially in Afghanistan. In his second novel A Thousand Splendid Suns (2007), he introduced many female characters which are victimized, sexually harassed, suppressed by both male and female figures but in-spite of all they challenged the brutality. They found their ways to live their lives and proved that if you have the courage to bear, can bear any calamity of the world and make your way to live life. There is a message for all those women of the world who are suffering from any type of male or female brutality that they can stand against all oppressions and suppressions. To be a woman is not bad, but to be a coward woman is really bad.

International Journal of Languages and Culture Publisher's Home Page: https://www.svedbergopen.com/

Dr. Bhupendra N . Kesur , zabihullah Adabpal

This paper aims to highlight the conditions of Afghan women in Khaled Hosseini's two novels, A Thousand Splendid Suns and And the Mountains Echoed in which women are seen inferior in a male dominated society. The socio-religious and socio-political conditions of Afghan women led them totally illiterate, poor, inferior, marginalized, and oppressed in post-Soviet era. It also aims to depict the status of Afghan women and their struggles towards the gender discrimination and violence through Hosseini's two selected novels. Previous studies and author's novels were read for data collection and thematic analysis technique was applied in this study to achieve the goals. As a result, in the former novel, Mariam, Laila, and Nana under the male-dominated system suffered some tragic events such as abusive behavior of husband; patriarchy; and loss of freedom. Similarly, in the later novel, Parwana, Pari, and Nila both physically and mentally suffered, viz., women's earlier marriage; selling women for dowry; and women's poor economy.

Alice Ligoria

Tania shaikh

This study examines the status of women in the Islamic world, particularly Afghanistan with reference to Khalid Hosseini’s ‘A Thousand Splendid Suns’ through application of feminist literary criticism. Through close reading analysis method, the qualitative study intends to unfold different forms of gender discrimination and the response of women to such oppression. The study uncovers the fact that though Islam has assured the rights of women, but still Islamic world is juggling in gender politics. The findings of the study reveal that women, within the aforementioned novel, are represented as performing stereotypical traditional roles such as caretakers and mothers. They are subjected to different forms of gender subjugation as physical and psychological violence, sexual abuse, forceful marriages, preference to have sons, ill healthcare facilities, marginalization from education and limited mobility. The novel also shows women’s responses to such inequalities; acceptance and resista...

QUEST JOURNALS

The Present research postulation will endeavour to bring out human misery, Self-identity and Feminist perspective found in the two books of Khaled Hosseini, named-"The Kite Runner" and "A Thousand Splendid Suns". The present research work is a relative investigation of humananguish, the reflection of the self (author) and the issues of female characters in the select novels of Hosseini. The point is to draw out the human enduring conceived by normal manundera religious government and in contrast how ladies toil as contrasted to men in such a religious society which blossoms with male pettiness as well as legitimizes it by religion and sacred writing. On deep analysis it is found that Khaled Hosseini-an-Afghan American novelists" self is reflected in the novels. As we find that both the novels are partially set in Afghan and has featured an Afghan as the Protagonist. Hailing from Afghanistan Hosseini tells the tales of his countrymen and girls, highlighting their struggles, ache and the troubles that are making their liveshell. It is true when he says, "For me writing has always been the selfish, self serving act of telling myself a story". This article is an investigation of the torment and endurance of normal men and much more than that, of basic ladies and kids of Afghanistan and the Afghan diaspora abroad.

Affonso kristeva

International Res Jour Managt Socio Human

The present study was aimed on exclusive focus onSahgal's major concern in her novels i.e. theme of agony and pain of women in thesociety.I have tried my best to make it clear that NayantaraSahgal's journey as a woman writer starts from the search for selfhood and reaches its culmination in the attainment of it. She has a humanitarian dislike of suffering and inequality. She is sensitive to the suffering of Indian women and champions their cause. Almost in all her novels, Sahgal has gone deep into the female psyche. She is able to go deep into the psyche of her female characters and study them with sympathy and understanding. As a woman novelist, Sahgal recognizes that her primary obligation is that of advocating the emancipation of women. Sahgal is deeply concerned with the failure of marital relationships, the loneliness of living and private terrors. Sahgal's women characters suffer because they refuse to submerge their individuality and cling to their personal identity at all costs. Sahgal shows women suffering in marriage-life and then deciding to come out of the suffocating bondage by preferring divorce. She depicts her women deciding to opt for divorce rather than live a stifling life of injustice and agony. Her novels portray women trampled and oppressed because of their dependence upon men and the harrowing experience they have to face in their struggle to come out of the bondage and stand on their own feet. In her novels, woman suffers not only by man's act of physical violence, but she is often emotionally hurt and crippled through his arrogance, cynicism and indifference. Loneliness, suffering and frustration in marriage sometimes cause disintegration and make women rebellious. A keen observation of the position of woman in our patriarchal society brings to the fore, the pathetic condition of their being. Woman who has been compared to the creator, woman who has been deified, woman who has been at the centre of all human existence has sadly and surreptitiously been robbed of her own identity. In her role as a mother she has taken pride, in her role as a daughter she has privileged, but while trying to give perfect performance in these roles somewhere down the line she has forgotten her own self. Man has used her, exploited her, taken her support to climb the ladder of success but at the end of it all discarded her shamelessly.

World Literatures and the Global South Conference, The University of Sydney

Hiqma Nur Agustina

This essay is intended to raise the issues writen by Afghanistan diasporic writers. This could be undenial to know the fact many writings written by Afghanistan diasporic writers described about women's repression. How they potray this crucial issue mainly based on the facts happened in Afghanistan. Some writers portrayed how the woman became the main victims reflected in their writings, such as Khaled Hosseini and Latifa. Their novels becomes the main data for this research. The qualitative method and the theory of gender relation and Islamic feminism is used to discuss the analysis. Through the main character, Mariam, in A Thousand Splendid Suns and Latifa in My Forbidden Face, their effort to release from the repression caused by gender relation and local culture of Afghanistan is voiced. The result of this study showed that the women characters are positioned to be the representative of the Afghanistan women roundly. They spoke up to defense their freedom and right to have the role in public domain.

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