vague thesis statement examples

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Refining thesis statements, what makes for an effective thesis.

In an effort to make our handouts more accessible, we have begun converting our PDF handouts to web pages. Download this page as a PDF: Refining Thesis Statements Return to Writing Studio Handouts

An effective thesis should be argumentative and controversial (i.e., if you could make a plausible case against your thesis, it is probably an argument), something not immediately obvious which you can persuade a reader to believe through the evidence in the body of your paper.

A strong thesis statement answers a specific question and takes a distinct position on the topic, is focused, and allows the reader to anticipate the organization of the argument to follow.

A weak thesis statement is vague (identifies a topic but does not specify an argument), offers plot summary or is a statement of fact, is un-provable, or does not give the reader a sense of why the argument is important.

Look over the two example thesis statements below. Consider and name how each of the progressively refined versions matches the criteria offered above.

Example Thesis A

Version 1: Marge Simpson is important to the plot of The Simpsons.

Version 2:  Marge Simpson is important to The Simpsons because she fulfills a significant family role as a mother and housewife.

Version 3:  Marge Simpson is important to The Simpsons because she fulfills a significant family role as a teacher and caregiver to her husband and children.

Version 4:  While Marge Simpson may be a model caregiver for her family, she is a different sort of model for her audience.

Version 5:  Despite her role as a seemingly submissive housewife and mother, Marge Simpson comes to function for the audience of The Simpsons as a subversive force against “middle class” values.

Example Thesis B

Version 1:  Eating disorders are a significant problem among college-aged students.

Version 2:  Eating disorders are a significant problem among college-aged men because they negatively affect academic performance, socializing, and overall psychological well-being.

Version 3:  Eating disorders among college-aged men are overshadowed by a focus on eating disorders among college-aged women.

Version 4:  Eating disorders among college-aged men are overshadowed by a focus on eating disorders among college-aged women; people don’t notice this because an eating disorder is typically considered a women’s disease and is stigmatized as such.

Version 5: Lack of attention to eating disorders among college-aged men not only leaves this group of students untreated, but also exacerbates feelings of isolation associated with this disease.

This handout was originally produced by Jane Wanninger, Graduate Student, Department of English, Vanderbilt University

Last revised: 07/2009 | Adapted for web delivery: 04/2021

In order to access certain content on this page, you may need to download Adobe Acrobat Reader or an equivalent PDF viewer software.

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9.4: Argumentative Thesis Statements

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Learning Objective

• Recognize an argumentative thesis

A strong, argumentative thesis statement should take a stance about an issue. It should explain the basics of your argument and help your reader to know what to expect in your essay.

This video reviews the necessary components of a thesis statement and walks through some examples.

You can view the transcript for “Purdue OWL: Thesis Statements” here (opens in new window) .

Key Features of Argumentative Thesis Statements

Below are some of the key features of an argumentative thesis statement. An argumentative thesis is debatable, assertive, reasonable, evidence-based, and focused.

An argumentative thesis must make a claim about which reasonable people can disagree. Statements of fact or areas of general agreement cannot be argumentative theses because few people disagree about them. Let’s take a look at an example:

• BAD: Junk food is bad for your health.

This is not a debatable thesis. Most people would agree that junk food is bad for your health. A debatable thesis would be:

• GOOD: Because junk food is bad for your health, the size of sodas offered at fast-food restaurants should be regulated by the federal government.

Reasonable people could agree or disagree with the statement.

An argumentative thesis takes a position, asserting the writer’s stance. Questions, vague statements, or quotations from others are not argumentative theses because they do not assert the writer’s viewpoint. Let’s take a look at an example:

• BAD: Federal immigration law is a tough issue about which many people disagree.

This is not an arguable thesis because it does not assert a position.

• GOOD: Federal immigration enforcement law needs to be overhauled because it puts undue constraints on state and local police.

This is an argumentative thesis because it asserts a position that immigration enforcement law needs to be changed.

An argumentative thesis must make a claim that is logical and possible. Claims that are outrageous or impossible are not argumentative theses. Let’s take a look at an example:

• BAD: City council members are dishonest and should be thrown in jail.

This is not an argumentative thesis. City council members’ ineffectiveness is not a reason to send them to jail.

• GOOD: City council members should be term-limited to prevent one group or party from maintaining control indefinitely.

This is an arguable thesis because term limits are possible, and shared political control is a reasonable goal.

Evidence-Based

An argumentative thesis must be able to be supported by evidence. Claims that presuppose value systems, morals, or religious beliefs cannot be supported with evidence and therefore are not argumentative theses. Let’s take a look at an example:

• BAD: Individuals convicted of murder will go to hell when they die.

This is not an argumentative thesis because its support rests on religious beliefs or values rather than evidence.

• GOOD: Rehabilitation programs for individuals serving life sentences should be funded because these programs reduce violence within prisons.

This is an argumentative thesis because evidence such as case studies and statistics can be used to support it.

An argumentative thesis must be focused and narrow. A focused, narrow claim is clearer, more able to be supported with evidence, and more persuasive than a broad, general claim. Let’s take a look at an example:

• BAD: The federal government should overhaul the U.S. tax code.

This is not an effective argumentative thesis because it is too general (What part of the government? Which tax codes? What sections of those tax codes?) and would require an overwhelming amount of evidence to be fully supported.

• GOOD: The U.S. House of Representatives should vote to repeal the federal estate tax because the revenue generated by that tax is negligible.

This is an effective argumentative thesis because it identifies a specific actor and action and can be fully supported with evidence about the amount of revenue the estate tax generates.

In the practice exercises below, you will use this information from your reading to see if you can recognize and evaluate argumentative thesis statements. Keep in mind that a sound argumentative thesis should be debatable, assertive, reasonable, evidence-based, and focused.

https://assessments.lumenlearning.co...sessments/5173

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Contributors and Attributions

• Argumentative Thesis Statements. Provided by : University of Mississippi. License : CC BY: Attribution
• Argumentative Thesis Activity. Provided by : Excelsior College. Located at : http://owl.excelsior.edu/argument-and-critical-thinking/argumentative-thesis/argumentative-thesis-activity/ . License : CC BY: Attribution
• Purdue OWL: Thesis Statements. Provided by : OWLPurdue. Located at : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LKXkemYldmw . License : Other . License Terms : Standard YouTube License

Module: Academic Argument

Argumentative thesis statements, learning objective.

• Recognize an arguable thesis

Below are some of the key features of an argumentative thesis statement.

An argumentative thesis is . . .

An argumentative thesis must make a claim about which reasonable people can disagree. Statements of fact or areas of general agreement cannot be argumentative theses because few people disagree about them.

Junk food is bad for your health is not a debatable thesis. Most people would agree that junk food is bad for your health.

Because junk food is bad for your health, the size of sodas offered at fast-food restaurants should be regulated by the federal government is a debatable thesis.  Reasonable people could agree or disagree with the statement.

An argumentative thesis takes a position, asserting the writer’s stance. Questions, vague statements, or quotations from others are not an argumentative thesis because they do not assert the writer’s viewpoint.

Federal immigration law is a tough issue about which many people disagree is not an arguable thesis because it does not assert a position.

Federal immigration enforcement law needs to be overhauled because it puts undue constraints on state and local police is an argumentative thesis because it asserts a position that immigration enforcement law needs to be changed.

An argumentative thesis must make a claim that is logical and possible. Claims that are outrageous or impossible are not argumentative thesis.

City council members stink and should be thrown in jail is not an argumentative thesis. City council members’ ineffectiveness is not a reason to send them to jail.

City council members should be term limited to prevent one group or party from maintaining control indefinitely is an arguable thesis because term limits are possible, and shared political control is a reasonable goal.

Evidence Based

An argumentative thesis must be able to be supported by evidence. Claims that presuppose value systems, morals, or religious beliefs cannot be supported with evidence and therefore are not argumentative theses.

Individuals convicted of murder will go to hell when they die is not an argumentative thesis because its support rests on religious beliefs or values rather than evidence.

Rehabilitation programs for individuals serving life sentences should be funded because these programs reduce violence within prisons is an argumentative thesis because evidence such as case studies and statistics can be used to support it.

An argumentative thesis must be focused and narrow. A focused, narrow claim is clearer, more able to be supported with evidence, and more persuasive than a broad, general claim.

The federal government should overhaul the U.S. tax code is not an effective argumentative thesis because it is too general (What part of the government? Which tax codes? What sections of those tax codes?) and would require an overwhelming amount of evidence to be fully supported.

The U.S. House of Representative should vote to repeal the federal estate tax because the revenue generated by that tax is negligible is an effective argumentative thesis because it identifies a specific actor and action and can be fully supported with evidence about the amount of revenue the estate tax generates.

• Argumentative Thesis Statements. Provided by : University of Mississippi. License : CC BY: Attribution

Think of yourself as a member of a jury, listening to a lawyer who is presenting an opening argument. You'll want to know very soon whether the lawyer believes the accused to be guilty or not guilty, and how the lawyer plans to convince you. Readers of academic essays are like jury members: before they have read too far, they want to know what the essay argues as well as how the writer plans to make the argument. After reading your thesis statement, the reader should think, "This essay is going to try to convince me of something. I'm not convinced yet, but I'm interested to see how I might be."

An effective thesis cannot be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." A thesis is not a topic; nor is it a fact; nor is it an opinion. "Reasons for the fall of communism" is a topic. "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" is a fact known by educated people. "The fall of communism is the best thing that ever happened in Europe" is an opinion. (Superlatives like "the best" almost always lead to trouble. It's impossible to weigh every "thing" that ever happened in Europe. And what about the fall of Hitler? Couldn't that be "the best thing"?)

A good thesis has two parts. It should tell what you plan to argue, and it should "telegraph" how you plan to argue—that is, what particular support for your claim is going where in your essay.

Steps in Constructing a Thesis

First, analyze your primary sources.  Look for tension, interest, ambiguity, controversy, and/or complication. Does the author contradict himself or herself? Is a point made and later reversed? What are the deeper implications of the author's argument? Figuring out the why to one or more of these questions, or to related questions, will put you on the path to developing a working thesis. (Without the why, you probably have only come up with an observation—that there are, for instance, many different metaphors in such-and-such a poem—which is not a thesis.)

Once you have a working thesis, write it down.  There is nothing as frustrating as hitting on a great idea for a thesis, then forgetting it when you lose concentration. And by writing down your thesis you will be forced to think of it clearly, logically, and concisely. You probably will not be able to write out a final-draft version of your thesis the first time you try, but you'll get yourself on the right track by writing down what you have.

Keep your thesis prominent in your introduction.  A good, standard place for your thesis statement is at the end of an introductory paragraph, especially in shorter (5-15 page) essays. Readers are used to finding theses there, so they automatically pay more attention when they read the last sentence of your introduction. Although this is not required in all academic essays, it is a good rule of thumb.

Anticipate the counterarguments.  Once you have a working thesis, you should think about what might be said against it. This will help you to refine your thesis, and it will also make you think of the arguments that you'll need to refute later on in your essay. (Every argument has a counterargument. If yours doesn't, then it's not an argument—it may be a fact, or an opinion, but it is not an argument.)

This statement is on its way to being a thesis. However, it is too easy to imagine possible counterarguments. For example, a political observer might believe that Dukakis lost because he suffered from a "soft-on-crime" image. If you complicate your thesis by anticipating the counterargument, you'll strengthen your argument, as shown in the sentence below.

Some Caveats and Some Examples

A thesis is never a question.  Readers of academic essays expect to have questions discussed, explored, or even answered. A question ("Why did communism collapse in Eastern Europe?") is not an argument, and without an argument, a thesis is dead in the water.

A thesis is never a list.  "For political, economic, social and cultural reasons, communism collapsed in Eastern Europe" does a good job of "telegraphing" the reader what to expect in the essay—a section about political reasons, a section about economic reasons, a section about social reasons, and a section about cultural reasons. However, political, economic, social and cultural reasons are pretty much the only possible reasons why communism could collapse. This sentence lacks tension and doesn't advance an argument. Everyone knows that politics, economics, and culture are important.

A thesis should never be vague, combative or confrontational.  An ineffective thesis would be, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because communism is evil." This is hard to argue (evil from whose perspective? what does evil mean?) and it is likely to mark you as moralistic and judgmental rather than rational and thorough. It also may spark a defensive reaction from readers sympathetic to communism. If readers strongly disagree with you right off the bat, they may stop reading.

An effective thesis has a definable, arguable claim.  "While cultural forces contributed to the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe, the disintegration of economies played the key role in driving its decline" is an effective thesis sentence that "telegraphs," so that the reader expects the essay to have a section about cultural forces and another about the disintegration of economies. This thesis makes a definite, arguable claim: that the disintegration of economies played a more important role than cultural forces in defeating communism in Eastern Europe. The reader would react to this statement by thinking, "Perhaps what the author says is true, but I am not convinced. I want to read further to see how the author argues this claim."

A thesis should be as clear and specific as possible.  Avoid overused, general terms and abstractions. For example, "Communism collapsed in Eastern Europe because of the ruling elite's inability to address the economic concerns of the people" is more powerful than "Communism collapsed due to societal discontent."

Copyright 1999, Maxine Rodburg and The Tutors of the Writing Center at Harvard University

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How to Write a Thesis Statement–Examples

What is a thesis statement? A thesis statement summarizes the main idea of a paper or an essay. Similar to the statement of the problem in research, it prepares the reader for what is to come and ties together the evidence and examples that are presented and the arguments and claims that are made later. 

A good thesis statement can provoke thought, arouse interest, and is always followed up by exactly what it promises—if the focus or direction of your essay changes over time, you should go back to your statement and adapt it as well so that it clearly reflects what you are explaining or discussing. 

Where does the thesis statement go in my paper?

Your thesis statement should be placed near the end of your introduction—after you have given the reader some background and before you delve into the specific evidence or arguments that support your statement.

Can you give me a thesis statement template?

Depending on the type of essay you are writing, your thesis statement will look different. The important thing is that your statement is specific and clearly states the main idea you want to get across. In the following, we will discuss different types of statements, show you a simple 4-step process for writing an effective thesis statement, and finish off with some not-so-good and good thesis statement examples.

Table of Contents:

• Types of Thesis Statements
• How to Write a Thesis Statement Step by Step 
• Not-So-Good and Good Thesis Statements 

Types of Thesis Statements 

Depending on whether your paper is analytical, expository, or argumentative, your statement has a slightly different purpose. 

Analytical thesis statements

An analytical paper breaks down an issue or an idea into its components, evaluates the pieces, and presents an evaluation of this breakdown to the reader. Such papers can analyze art, music, literature, current or historical events, political ideas, or scientific research. An analytical thesis statement is therefore often the result of such an analysis of, for example, some literary work (“Heathcliff is meant to be seen as a hero rather than a horrible person”) or a process (“the main challenge recruiters face is the balance between selecting the best candidates and hiring them before they are snatched up by competitors”), or even the latest research (“starving yourself will increase your lifespan, according to science”). In the rest of the paper, you then need to explain how you did the analysis that led you to the stated result and how you arrived at your conclusion, by presenting data and evidence.

Expository thesis statements

An expository (explanatory) paper explains something to the audience, such as a historical development, a current phenomenon, or the effect of political intervention. A typical explanatory thesis statement is therefore often a “topic statement” rather than a claim or actual thesis. An expository essay could, for example, explain “where human rights came from and how they changed the world,” or “how students make career choices.” The rest of the paper then needs to present the reader with all the relevant information on the topic, covering all sides and aspects rather than one specific viewpoint.

Argumentative thesis statements

An argumentative paper makes a clear and potentially very subjective claim and follows up with a justification based on evidence. The claim could be an opinion, a policy proposal, an evaluation, or an interpretation. The goal of the argumentative paper is to convince the audience that the author’s claim is true. A thesis statement for such a paper could be that “every student should be required to take a gap year after high school to gain some life experience”, or that “vaccines should be mandatory”. Argumentative thesis statements can be bold, assertive, and one-sided—you have the rest of the paper to convince the reader that you have good reasons to think that way and that maybe they should think like that, too.

How to Write a Thesis Statement Step-by-Step 

If you are not quite sure how you get from a topic to a thesis statement, then follow this simple process—but make sure you know what type of essay you are supposed to write and adapt the steps to the kind of statement you need. 

First , you will have to select a topic . This might have been done for you already if you are writing an essay as part of a class. If not, then make sure you don’t start too general—narrow the subject down to a specific aspect that you can cover in an essay. 

Second , ask yourself a question about your topic, one that you are personally interested in or one that you think your readers might find relevant or interesting. Here, you have to consider whether you are going to explain something to the reader (expository essay) or if you want to put out your own, potentially controversial, opinion and then argue for it in the rest of your (argumentative) essay.

Third , answer the question you raised for yourself, based on the material you have already sifted through and are planning to present to the reader or the opinion you have already formed on the topic. If your opinion changes while working on your essay, which happens quite often, then make sure you come back to this process and adapt your statement.

Fourth and last, reword the answer to your question into a concise statement . You want the reader to know exactly what is coming, and you also want to make it sound as interesting as possible so that they decide to keep reading.

Let’s look at this example process to give you a better idea of how to get from your topic to your statement. Note that this is the development of a thesis statement for an argumentative essay .

• Choose a specific topic: Covid-19 vaccines 

Narrow it down to a specific aspect: opposition to Covid-19 vaccines

• Ask a question: Should vaccination against Covid-19 be mandatory?     
• Answer the question for yourself, by sorting through the available evidence/arguments:

Yes: vaccination protects other, more vulnerable people; vaccination reduces the spread of the disease; herd immunity will allow societies to go back to normal…

No: vaccines can have side-effects in some people; the vaccines have been developed too fast and there might be unknown risks; the government should stay out of personal decisions on people’s health…

• Form your opinion and reword it into your thesis statement that represents a very short summary of the key points you base your claim on:

While there is some hesitancy around vaccinations against Covid-19, most of the presented arguments revolve around unfounded fears and the individual freedom to make one’s own decisions. Since that freedom is offset by the benefits of mass vaccination, governments should make vaccines mandatory to help societies get back to normal.

This is a good argumentative thesis statement example because it does not just present a fact that everybody knows and agrees on, but a claim that is debatable and needs to be backed up by data and arguments, which you will do in the rest of your essay. You can introduce whatever evidence and arguments you deem necessary in the following—but make sure that all your points lead back to your core claim and support your opinion. This example also answers the question “how long should a thesis statement be?” One or two sentences are generally enough. If your statement is longer, make sure you are not using vague, empty expressions or more words than necessary .

Good and Bad Thesis Statement Examples

Not-so-good thesis statement : Everyone should get vaccinated against Covid-19.

Problem: The statement does not specify why that might be relevant or why people might not want to do it—this is too vague to spark anyone’s interest.

Good : Since the risks of the currently available Covid-19 vaccines are minimal and societal interests outweigh individual freedom, governments should make Covid-19 vaccination mandatory.

Not-so-good thesis statement : Binge drinking is bad for your health.

Problem: This is a very broad statement that everyone can agree on and nobody needs to read an article on. You need to specify why anyone would not think that way.

Good : Binge drinking has become a trend among college students. While some argue that it might be better for your health than regular consumption of low amounts of alcohol, science says otherwise.

Not-so-good thesis statement : Learning an instrument can develop a child’s cognitive abilities.

Problem: This is a very weak statement—”can” develop doesn’t tell us whether that is what happens in every child, what kind of effects of music education on cognition we can expect, and whether that has or should have any practical implications. 

Good thesis statement : Music education has many surprising benefits on children’s overall development, including effects on language acquisition, coordination, problem-solving, and even social skills.

You could now present all the evidence on the specific effects of music education on children’s specific abilities in the rest of your (expository) essay. You could also turn this into an argumentative essay, by adding your own opinion to your statement:

Good thesis statement : Considering the many surprising benefits that music education has on children’s overall development, every child should be given the opportunity to learn an instrument as part of their public school education.

Not-so-good thesis statement : Outer space exploration is a waste of money.

Problem: While this is a clear statement of your personal opinion that people could potentially disagree with (which is good for an argumentative thesis statement), it lacks context and does not really tell the reader what to expect from your essay.

Good thesis statement : Instead of wasting money on exploring outer space, people like Elon Musk should use their wealth to solve poverty, hunger, global warming, and other issues we are facing on this earth.

Get Professional Thesis Editing Services

Now that you know how to write the perfect thesis statement for your essay, you might be interested in our Wordvice AI Proofreader . And after drafting your academic papers, be sure to get proofreading that includes manuscript editing , thesis editing , or dissertation editing services before submitting your work to journals for publication.

We have many more articles for you on all aspects of academic writing , tips and tricks on how to avoid common grammar mistakes , and resources on how to strengthen your writing style in general.

25 Thesis Statement Examples

A thesis statement is needed in an essay or dissertation . There are multiple types of thesis statements – but generally we can divide them into expository and argumentative. An expository statement is a statement of fact (common in expository essays and process essays) while an argumentative statement is a statement of opinion (common in argumentative essays and dissertations). Below are examples of each.

Strong Thesis Statement Examples

1. School Uniforms

“Mandatory school uniforms should be implemented in educational institutions as they promote a sense of equality, reduce distractions, and foster a focused and professional learning environment.”

Best For: Argumentative Essay or Debate

Read More: School Uniforms Pros and Cons

2. Nature vs Nurture

“This essay will explore how both genetic inheritance and environmental factors equally contribute to shaping human behavior and personality.”

Best For: Compare and Contrast Essay

Read More: Nature vs Nurture Debate

3. American Dream

“The American Dream, a symbol of opportunity and success, is increasingly elusive in today’s socio-economic landscape, revealing deeper inequalities in society.”

Best For: Persuasive Essay

Read More: What is the American Dream?

4. Social Media

“Social media has revolutionized communication and societal interactions, but it also presents significant challenges related to privacy, mental health, and misinformation.”

Best For: Expository Essay

Read More: The Pros and Cons of Social Media

5. Globalization

“Globalization has created a world more interconnected than ever before, yet it also amplifies economic disparities and cultural homogenization.”

Read More: Globalization Pros and Cons

6. Urbanization

“Urbanization drives economic growth and social development, but it also poses unique challenges in sustainability and quality of life.”

Read More: Learn about Urbanization

7. Immigration

“Immigration enriches receiving countries culturally and economically, outweighing any perceived social or economic burdens.”

Read More: Immigration Pros and Cons

8. Cultural Identity

“In a globalized world, maintaining distinct cultural identities is crucial for preserving cultural diversity and fostering global understanding, despite the challenges of assimilation and homogenization.”

Best For: Argumentative Essay

Read More: Learn about Cultural Identity

9. Technology

“Medical technologies in care institutions in Toronto has increased subjcetive outcomes for patients with chronic pain.”

Best For: Research Paper

10. Capitalism vs Socialism

“The debate between capitalism and socialism centers on balancing economic freedom and inequality, each presenting distinct approaches to resource distribution and social welfare.”

11. Cultural Heritage

“The preservation of cultural heritage is essential, not only for cultural identity but also for educating future generations, outweighing the arguments for modernization and commercialization.”

12. Pseudoscience

“Pseudoscience, characterized by a lack of empirical support, continues to influence public perception and decision-making, often at the expense of scientific credibility.”

Read More: Examples of Pseudoscience

13. Free Will

“The concept of free will is largely an illusion, with human behavior and decisions predominantly determined by biological and environmental factors.”

Read More: Do we have Free Will?

14. Gender Roles

“Traditional gender roles are outdated and harmful, restricting individual freedoms and perpetuating gender inequalities in modern society.”

Read More: What are Traditional Gender Roles?

15. Work-Life Ballance

“The trend to online and distance work in the 2020s led to improved subjective feelings of work-life balance but simultaneously increased self-reported loneliness.”

Read More: Work-Life Balance Examples

16. Universal Healthcare

“Universal healthcare is a fundamental human right and the most effective system for ensuring health equity and societal well-being, outweighing concerns about government involvement and costs.”

Read More: The Pros and Cons of Universal Healthcare

17. Minimum Wage

“The implementation of a fair minimum wage is vital for reducing economic inequality, yet it is often contentious due to its potential impact on businesses and employment rates.”

Read More: The Pros and Cons of Raising the Minimum Wage

18. Homework

“The homework provided throughout this semester has enabled me to achieve greater self-reflection, identify gaps in my knowledge, and reinforce those gaps through spaced repetition.”

Best For: Reflective Essay

Read More: Reasons Homework Should be Banned

19. Charter Schools

“Charter schools offer alternatives to traditional public education, promising innovation and choice but also raising questions about accountability and educational equity.”

Read More: The Pros and Cons of Charter Schools

20. Effects of the Internet

“The Internet has drastically reshaped human communication, access to information, and societal dynamics, generally with a net positive effect on society.”

Read More: The Pros and Cons of the Internet

21. Affirmative Action

“Affirmative action is essential for rectifying historical injustices and achieving true meritocracy in education and employment, contrary to claims of reverse discrimination.”

Best For: Essay

Read More: Affirmative Action Pros and Cons

22. Soft Skills

“Soft skills, such as communication and empathy, are increasingly recognized as essential for success in the modern workforce, and therefore should be a strong focus at school and university level.”

Read More: Soft Skills Examples

23. Moral Panic

“Moral panic, often fueled by media and cultural anxieties, can lead to exaggerated societal responses that sometimes overlook rational analysis and evidence.”

Read More: Moral Panic Examples

24. Freedom of the Press

“Freedom of the press is critical for democracy and informed citizenship, yet it faces challenges from censorship, media bias, and the proliferation of misinformation.”

Read More: Freedom of the Press Examples

25. Mass Media

“Mass media shapes public opinion and cultural norms, but its concentration of ownership and commercial interests raise concerns about bias and the quality of information.”

Best For: Critical Analysis

Read More: Mass Media Examples

Checklist: How to use your Thesis Statement

✅ Position: If your statement is for an argumentative or persuasive essay, or a dissertation, ensure it takes a clear stance on the topic. ✅ Specificity: It addresses a specific aspect of the topic, providing focus for the essay. ✅ Conciseness: Typically, a thesis statement is one to two sentences long. It should be concise, clear, and easily identifiable. ✅ Direction: The thesis statement guides the direction of the essay, providing a roadmap for the argument, narrative, or explanation. ✅ Evidence-based: While the thesis statement itself doesn’t include evidence, it sets up an argument that can be supported with evidence in the body of the essay. ✅ Placement: Generally, the thesis statement is placed at the end of the introduction of an essay.

Try These AI Prompts – Thesis Statement Generator!

One way to brainstorm thesis statements is to get AI to brainstorm some for you! Try this AI prompt:

💡 AI PROMPT FOR EXPOSITORY THESIS STATEMENT I am writing an essay on [TOPIC] and these are the instructions my teacher gave me: [INSTUCTIONS]. I want you to create an expository thesis statement that doesn’t argue a position, but demonstrates depth of knowledge about the topic.

💡 AI PROMPT FOR ARGUMENTATIVE THESIS STATEMENT I am writing an essay on [TOPIC] and these are the instructions my teacher gave me: [INSTRUCTIONS]. I want you to create an argumentative thesis statement that clearly takes a position on this issue.

💡 AI PROMPT FOR COMPARE AND CONTRAST THESIS STATEMENT I am writing a compare and contrast essay that compares [Concept 1] and [Concept2]. Give me 5 potential single-sentence thesis statements that remain objective.

Chris Drew (PhD)

Dr. Chris Drew is the founder of the Helpful Professor. He holds a PhD in education and has published over 20 articles in scholarly journals. He is the former editor of the Journal of Learning Development in Higher Education. [Image Descriptor: Photo of Chris]

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Rules for Thesis Statements

Related articles, how to write a good argumentative essay introduction, importance of doing an outline prior to writing, how to write a pros & cons essay.

• Describe the Elements of a Good & Bad Thesis Statement
• How to Write a Persuasive Essay

The thesis statement is the anchor and foundation of any good paper. With a weak thesis also comes a weak overall essay, so crafting a strong and effective thesis is essential. The thesis statement should clearly state the author's claim and therefore guide the development of the entire paper. Thesis statements should strongly assert the topic in a way that helps to unify the paper. While instructors have varying requirements, most agree upon a few certain rules when writing a thesis statement.

Be Assertive

A thesis statement makes an assertion. This means it should not be a passing observation of the writer or a simple statement with no argument, such as “Trees are green because of the chlorophyll.” If the thesis statement cannot be argued, it is not a thesis statement; it just a statement of fact. Thesis statements should be arguable no matter if you are writing a persuasive or expository paper. As a writer, take a stand and assert your claim in a way that is clear and concise, but always debatable.

Not Too Narrow or Broad

The point of the thesis statement is to narrow the topic enough to assert a point without being so narrow or specific that you cannot continue the argument throughout the essay. On the other hand, if a thesis statement is too broad, for example “The automobile industry has many problems,” then you lack direction in the development of the rest of the essay. This thesis statement tells the reader the topic, the problems of the automobile industry, but fails to make a strong, arguable claim. A better thesis statement would be something like, “The main problem facing the automobile industry today is increased competition from non-American automakers.” In this statement, there is a specific point to the argument and there is a direction for the essay to follow.

Avoid Being Vague and Unclear

Vague thesis statements are very similar to broad thesis statements in that they lack direction, but vague statements also lack specificity and clarity. Typically vague statements are either observations of the writer or simply an inarguable statement of fact. For example, “Edgar Allen Poe was a very good writer.” Here, not only is it the opinion of the author, which should be avoided, it is also too vague in that it lacks specific details such as who Edgar Allen Poe was, what he wrote, and why the writer considers Poe to be a good writer. The word “good” also weakens the statement; be specific with word choice as well as the statement as a whole.

Have Purpose

The thesis statement should reflect the essay's purpose. Whether your purpose is to give readers some sort of information, to entertain readers, or to persuade readers to agree with you, the thesis statement should be written to fit the purpose. While all thesis statements should be debatable rather than a sweeping statement, the purpose for your writing will dictate the tone and word choice of the statement, which should then be carried out throughout the entire essay. While some instructors may say thesis statements should never be a question, if this is not a requirement from your instructor, sometimes the purpose calls for a question as a thesis statement, especially when trying to persuade your readers, but it is never necessary to announce when you are about to ask a question by “begging the question;” just ask it.

• Indian River State College: Writing an Effective Thesis Statement
• Stanford University: Thesis Statements

Alyssa Sellors has been in the field of education for five years, teaching English and journalism at the high school level. In addition to teaching, she has also advised the school newspaper and currently advises the yearbook. As a yearbook adviser, she speaks at national conventions hosted by Journalism Educator’s Association and the National Scholastic Press Association.

How to Write an Essay That Stands Out

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• 1 How to Write an Essay That Stands Out
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• 3 What Are the Four Tips for Writing a Good Thesis Statement for an Expository Essay?
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25 Thesis Paragraph Examples for Different Essay Types

Looking for thesis paragraph examples to get your essay or dissertation off to the right start? Look no further. In this guide, we present a comprehensive overview of the elements that make a thesis paragraph effective together with some insights into what not to include.

Let’s talk about something that’s both the gatekeeper and the showstopper of your writing game: the thesis paragraph. You know, that chunk of text right at the beginning of your essay that’s supposed to grab your reader’s attention, set the stage, and declare, “Hey, I’ve got something important to say”? Yeah, that one.

Despite it’s importance, the thesis paragraph is an area of concern our essay editors frequently encounter when editing theses, dissertations, and essays.

But here’s the deal: for many of us, nailing the thesis paragraph feels like trying to hit a bullseye blindfolded. It’s tough, it’s daunting, and heck, it’s downright frustrating at times.

Fortunately, this article is here to clear up all the confusion. We’ll show you exactly what you need to do to craft effective thesis paragraphs and present some specific examples that can guide your writing.

Basic Structure of a Thesis Paragraph

So, let’s break down what makes up a thesis paragraph.

• Topic or subject : Every thesis paragraph needs a star, a main topic or subject that it’s all about. This is what gives your writing direction and helps the reader understand your purpose.
• Assertion or claim : This is your bold statement, your “take a stance or go home” moment. This is where you declare what you’re arguing or trying to prove in no uncertain terms.
• Supporting points or arguments : This aspect of your thesis paragraph backs up your assertion with facts, analysis and data.

Now, let’s discuss why it’s crucial to make your thesis statement as clear and specific as possible.

Let’s say you’re giving someone directions. You don’t want to confuse them with vague instructions; you want to point them in the right direction straight away. That’s the same with your thesis – clarity means your reader knows exactly what you’re arguing, without any guesswork.

Specificity is key too. Instead of saying you want “a burger” in a restaurant, you specify if you want it with cheese, without onions, and so on. Similarly, your thesis paragraph should be specific about what you’re arguing or proving. It should leave no room for ambiguity and ensure your reader knows precisely what to expect from your essay or paper.

If you’re struggling to create a compelling thesis statement, check out our thesis statement generator .

Thesis Paragraph Example for an Argumentative Essay

Let’s take a look at our first example: an argumentative essay.

Imagine the topic is about the impact of social media on mental health. It’s a hot-button issue in today’s digital age, with opinions flying left and right about whether social media is a boon or a bane for our well-being.

Thesis paragraph example with a clear assertion and supporting arguments

Now, here’s a sample thesis paragraph for this argumentative essay:

In today’s hyperconnected world, social media platforms wield unprecedented influence over our lives. While proponents argue that they foster connectivity and community, a closer examination reveals a darker truth: the detrimental effects of excessive social media usage on mental health cannot be ignored. By perpetuating unrealistic standards, fostering comparison, and promoting addictive behaviors, social media platforms contribute significantly to the decline in mental well-being among users.

This thesis paragraph makes a bold assertion: that social media negatively impacts mental health. It’s not wishy-washy; it takes a clear stance. Then, it lays out three supporting arguments: unrealistic standards, comparison, and addiction. These points will form the backbone of the essay, providing evidence and analysis to back up the central claim.

With this thesis paragraph, the reader knows exactly what to expect from the essay. They’re going to read about the negative aspects of social media, explore how it creates unrealistic standards, fuels comparison, and hooks us in with addictive features. Each body paragraph will focus on one of these aspects, providing evidence and analysis to support the overarching argument. In essence, the thesis sets the stage for a comprehensive exploration of the topic and provides a blueprint for the essay that follows.

For ideas about basic thesis statements, take a look at our guide to thesis statement examples .

Thesis Paragraph Example for a Literary Analysis Essay

Let’s shift gears to our next example: a literary analysis. For this sample thesis paragraph, imagine we’re presenting an analysis of F. Scott Fitzgerald’s “The Great Gatsby.” This timeless classic offers a rich tapestry of themes, characters, and symbols ripe for exploration.

Thesis paragraph example focusing on the main interpretation or analysis

Here’s a sample thesis paragraph honing in on a particular aspect of “The Great Gatsby”:

In ‘The Great Gatsby,’ F. Scott Fitzgerald employs the motif of the green light at the end of Daisy Buchanan’s dock to symbolize Gatsby’s unattainable American Dream. Through Gatsby’s relentless pursuit of wealth and status to win back Daisy’s affection, Fitzgerald illuminates the elusive nature of the American Dream and the disillusionment that accompanies its pursuit. The green light, a beacon of hope and longing, ultimately serves as a poignant reminder of Gatsby’s futile quest for a past that can never be recaptured.

This thesis paragraph encapsulates a central interpretation of the novel: that the green light symbolizes Gatsby’s unattainable dream. It sets the stage for an exploration of the text, focusing on how this motif is woven throughout the narrative and what it signifies in the broader context of the American Dream.

Guided by this thesis, our analysis of “The Great Gatsby” takes on a focused trajectory. We’ll examine instances of the green light’s appearance, dissecting its symbolic significance and how it evolves over the course of the novel. By grounding our analysis in this central thesis, we gain clarity and direction, allowing us to uncover layers of meaning and nuance in Fitzgerald’s masterful work. In essence, the thesis serves as our compass, guiding us through the labyrinth of “The Great Gatsby” and illuminating its deeper truths along the way.

Thesis Paragraph Example for a Research Paper

Now, let’s take a look at our final example: a research paper. For this sample, consider a study examining the impact of climate change on global food security. Given the far-reaching consequences of environmental degradation on our ability to feed a growing population, this is a pressing issue that demands attention.

Thesis paragraph example presenting the main research question or hypothesis

Here’s a sample thesis paragraph outlining the main research question or hypothesis:

In this study, we seek to investigate the multifaceted relationship between climate change and global food security. Specifically, we hypothesize that rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events associated with climate change will exacerbate food insecurity by disrupting agricultural production, compromising food access, and increasing price volatility. By analyzing empirical data and employing predictive modeling techniques, we aim to shed light on the complex interplay between climate dynamics and food security outcomes, informing targeted interventions and policy responses to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change on global food systems.

This thesis paragraph articulates the central research question or hypothesis: how climate change affects global food security. It lays out the variables of interest – rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns, and extreme weather events – and proposes a hypothesis about their impact on agricultural production, food access, and price volatility.

This thesis clearly tells the reader that we’re going to embark on a systematic investigation, gathering data, conducting analyses, and interpreting findings through the lens of our central hypothesis. Each section of the paper – from literature review to methodology to results and discussion – will be structured to address specific aspects of the research question, providing a comprehensive examination of the topic at hand. In essence, the thesis not only directs the research process but also shapes the organization and flow of the paper, ensuring coherence and rigor in our research into climate change and global food security.

Looking for specific ideas on what to study? Try our research question generator for inspiration.

Common Pitfalls to Avoid

Here are some traps to avoid when writing your thesis statement:

• A. Lack of specificity or clarity : Picture a foggy road without any signposts. That’s what a thesis paragraph lacking specificity or clarity feels like for your reader. Avoid vague assertions or ambiguous language that leaves your audience scratching their heads, unsure of your intended direction.
• B. Failure to address the complexity of the topic : Don’t oversimplify or gloss over the intricacies of your topic. Your thesis should acknowledge and engage with the complexity of the subject matter, demonstrating a nuanced understanding that goes beyond surface-level analysis.
• C. Overly broad or vague assertions : Beware of making grandiose claims that lack substance or relevance. A thesis paragraph should be focused and precise, honing in on a specific aspect of the topic and presenting a clear argument or perspective.
• D. Inconsistency between thesis and supporting arguments : Your supporting arguments should seamlessly align with and reinforce your thesis statement. Avoid introducing tangential or contradictory points that detract from the coherence and persuasiveness of your overall argument.
• E. Ignoring counterarguments or opposing viewpoints : Don’t sweep inconvenient truths under the rug. Acknowledge and address counterarguments or opposing viewpoints relevant to your thesis, demonstrating a willingness to engage with alternative perspectives and strengthen your own argument in the process.
• F. Failing to revise and refine : Crafting a compelling thesis paragraph is an iterative process that requires revision and refinement. Don’t settle for your first draft; take the time to revisit and revise your thesis statement, honing it until it shines with clarity, specificity, and persuasiveness.

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Top 6 Most Common Thesis Statement Mistakes

Writing a well-done thesis statement can often feel easier said than done. After all, this one sentence sets the tone for your entire paper and can make or break your assignment. To help with your next essay , we've put together a list of the most common thesis statement mistakes and tips to help you avoid them.

What is a Thesis Statement?

Just in case you need a refresher, here's a quick review:

A thesis statement, as defined by Dictionary.com , is: “a short statement, usually one sentence, that summarizes the main point or claim of an essay, research paper, etc., and is developed, supported, and explained in the text by means of examples and evidence.”

A thesis statement introduces your essay's main idea in the first paragraph of your assignment. It is the guiding factor that controls and organizes all other thoughts in your research paper.

How Do I Write a Thesis Statement?

It can take a long time to master the art of crafting a thesis statement. Luckily, there are some tools to help.

A good place to start is by checking out a thesis statement template. This will help ensure that you're including everything you're supposed to.

Here's a quick example:

You can also use an online thesis generator to organize your main idea and evidence. You enter the basic information about your argument and topic, and it helps you create a solid thesis statement.

It also helps to take time to explore some thesis statement examples (both good and bad) to clarify how to fix some of these common mistakes.

What are the Most Common Thesis Statement Mistakes?

Once you know the basics of how to write a thesis statement, there are certain mistakes to watch out for. Learning how to identify these common errors and understanding how to avoid them will help make your thesis statement a strong one.

1. The Statement is Unclear

Your reader needs to immediately understand your purpose. If it is vague or unclear, you've lost your audience from the start. Narrow down your focus and use straightforward language to state your main idea .

• Example thesis: The food in America is gross, unhealthy, and expensive, so we probably shouldn't be eating any of it.
• Improved thesis: Due to the obesity crisis in America, lawmakers should consider creating a plan to lower the prices of healthier foods so that everyone can afford to eat high-quality foods.

2. The Statement is Too Complicated

Making a statement that is too long or wordy generally confuses your reader. It also weakens the argument you are trying to make.

• Example thesis: Many athletes, such as those who play in colleges or for organizations like the NCAA, do not make any money, which is devastating because they deserve to make a substantial amount of money due to their efforts on the court and on the field and due to the fact that colleges earn a profit off of the sports that these athletes play.
• Improved thesis: NCAA athletes should receive compensation for their sports in college because they are generating revenue for universities and risking injury for themselves.

3. The Statement is Too Basic or Obvious

As you move up through school, your writing should mature as well. A successful thesis statement from junior high is not necessarily a strong thesis statement in high school or college. While being very basic and obvious in your younger writing might be fine, writing as an older student should be more precise and refined.

• Example thesis: In this paper, I will be discussing the importance of eating a healthy breakfast every day.
• Improved thesis: Eating a healthy breakfast is important to help your body function at its optimal level throughout the day.

4. The Statement has No Real Purpose

Your readers need to care about your topic in some way. Is this information helpful? Beneficial? Worth investigating? If not, choose a heartier topic that's worth discussing.

• Example thesis: I think these blue socks are the prettiest ones in the drawer.
• Improved thesis: Students should be allowed to express themselves as individuals by choosing any type of socks and shoes they want to wear to school.

5. The Statement Uses Poor Language Choices

Slang, abbreviations, and poor spelling have no place in a clear thesis statement. Use professional language to make your point.

• Example thesis: The best comedians should make you LOL 24-7.
• Improved thesis: To be a quality comedian, you must develop your craft in a way that inspires laughter and smiles at every performance.

6. The Statement Lacks Connection to the Rest of the Essay.

Even if you have a decent thesis statement, it will mean nothing if the rest of the essay strays from your main idea. Always connect your thoughts back to the thesis statement . The paper needs to be coherent and stay on target with your original argument.

Crafting a thorough thesis statement can feel like a difficult task, but it doesn't have to. If you are mindful of common mistakes that students make, you can avoid these errors and create a thesis statement that is clear, engaging, and purposeful.

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50 Vague Words (Overview, Lists, Examples)

Specificity of language plays a crucial role in effective language and good storytelling.

This article explores the concept of vague words, why they can be problematic in clear communication, and 50 such words with more precise alternatives.

What are Vague Words and Why are They Problematic?

Table of Contents

Vague words are those that lack specificity and clarity, often leading to ambiguity and misunderstanding.

They are problematic because they can make communication less effective, hinder understanding, and leave room for multiple interpretations. In professional and academic contexts, specifically, vague words can undermine the credibility of the message and the speaker.

That’s why we are going to look at 50 vague words and better alternatives.

List of 50 Vague Words with Alternatives

Read through these vague words, bookmark this article, and try out the alternatives in your writing.

• Why Vague: It’s a catch-all term that can mean almost anything.
• Alternatives: item, object, device, artifact, equipment.
• Why Vague: Similar to ‘thing,’ it’s overly general and unspecific.
• Alternatives: materials, belongings, gear, possessions, contents.
• Why Vague: Lacks detail about what makes something desirable or satisfactory.
• Alternatives: excellent, superb, outstanding, first-rate, high-quality.
• Why Vague: It’s a subjective term that doesn’t convey specific negative aspects.
• Alternatives: poor, unsatisfactory, subpar, inferior, deficient.
• Why Vague: This phrase doesn’t quantify or provide a clear measure.
• Alternatives: numerous, many, copious, abundant, several.
• Why Vague: Indicates uncertainty or a lack of commitment to a description.
• Alternatives: somewhat, slightly, moderately, partially, to some extent.
• Why Vague: Too general to understand what is specifically pleasing.
• Alternatives: charming, delightful, pleasant, agreeable, likable.

Interesting

• Why Vague: What makes something interesting is not clear.
• Alternatives: fascinating, captivating, intriguing, compelling, engaging.
• Why Vague: Fails to convey why something is of significance.
• Alternatives: crucial, vital, critical, significant, essential.
• Why Vague: Plural of ‘thing,’ equally vague and non-specific.
• Alternatives: items, objects, elements, components, aspects.
• Why Vague: It’s a filler word that often doesn’t add meaning.
• Alternatives: truly, genuinely, indeed, absolutely, certainly.
• Why Vague: Overused to intensify, without specifying how much.
• Alternatives: extremely, exceptionally, extraordinarily, profoundly, immensely.
• Why Vague: Shows indecision or uncertainty.
• Alternatives: possibly, perhaps, potentially, conceivably, might.
• Why Vague: Lacks precision in quantity or extent.
• Alternatives: a few, several, a portion of, a number of, certain.
• Why Vague: Like ‘thing,’ it’s an all-encompassing term.
• Alternatives: substances, materials, items, belongings, contents.
• Why Vague: Implies uncertainty or a partial quality.
• Alternatives: somewhat, in a way, partially, moderately, to a degree.
• Why Vague: Does not quantify or specify the extent.
• Alternatives: small, tiny, minimal, slight, insignificant.
• Why Vague: Fails to indicate the actual size or extent.
• Alternatives: large, huge, substantial, vast, enormous.
• Why Vague: Does not specify frequency.
• Alternatives: frequently, regularly, commonly, habitually, repeatedly.
• Why Vague: Vague in indicating infrequency.
• Alternatives: seldom, infrequently, occasionally, sporadically, hardly ever.
• Why Vague: Lacks specifics on speed or time.
• Alternatives: rapidly, swiftly, promptly, speedily, hastily.
• Why Vague: Does not define the rate of progression.
• Alternatives: gradually, leisurely, sluggishly, steadily, unhurriedly.
• Why Vague: Fails to describe why something is not difficult.
• Alternatives: simple, straightforward, effortless, uncomplicated, manageable.
• Why Vague: Does not convey the nature of the difficulty.
• Alternatives: challenging, tough, difficult, arduous
• Why Vague: A relative term that doesn’t quantify.
• Alternatives: numerous, a multitude of, scores of, a plethora of, countless.
• Why Vague: Lacks precision in indicating a small number.
• Alternatives: a handful of, several, a small number of, a couple of, not many.
• Why Vague: Often an exaggeration, not literally true.
• Alternatives: consistently, invariably, perpetually, unceasingly, without exception.
• Why Vague: Like ‘always,’ often an overstatement.
• Alternatives: not once, at no time, under no circumstances, in no case, not ever.
• Why Vague: Does not specify degree of temperature.
• Alternatives: warm, scorching, boiling, sweltering, torrid.
• Why Vague: Fails to indicate how low the temperature is.
• Alternatives: chilly, freezing, frosty, icy, frigid.
• Why Vague: Does not specify an age or age range.
• Alternatives: youthful, juvenile, adolescent, fledgling, immature.
• Why Vague: Lacks clarity in defining age or condition.
• Alternatives: elderly, aged, senior, mature, venerable.
• Why Vague: Does not describe the nature or reason for happiness.
• Alternatives: joyful, delighted, pleased, content, ecstatic.
• Why Vague: Fails to convey the depth or reason for sadness.
• Alternatives: unhappy, sorrowful, dejected, mournful, despondent.
• Why Vague: Does not quantify speed.
• Alternatives: swift, rapid, speedy, quick, brisk.
• Why Vague: Lacks specifics in slowness.
• Alternatives: sluggish, gradual, leisurely, unhurried, deliberate.
• Why Vague: Does not detail the type or degree of strength.
• Alternatives: powerful, robust, sturdy, resilient, formidable.
• Why Vague: Fails to specify the nature or extent of weakness.
• Alternatives: feeble, frail, inadequate, ineffective, deficient.
• Why Vague: Does not quantify wealth or quality.
• Alternatives: wealthy, affluent, prosperous, opulent, well-off.
• Why Vague: Lacks specifics in describing lack of wealth or quality.
• Alternatives: impoverished, needy, destitute, deficient, substandard.
• Why Vague: Does not provide actual size or magnitude.
• Alternatives: large, huge, enormous, substantial, massive.
• Why Vague: Fails to quantify the size or extent.
• Alternatives: tiny, miniature, diminutive, compact, petite.
• Why Vague: Lacks specificity in duration or length.
• Alternatives: extended, prolonged, lengthy, protracted, sustained.
• Why Vague: Does not specify the brevity or length.
• Alternatives: brief, fleeting, concise, terse, succinct.
• Why Vague: Fails to indicate the actual height.
• Alternatives: lofty, towering, elevated, high, statuesque.
• Why Vague: Does not quantify the breadth.
• Alternatives: broad, expansive, extensive, spacious, vast.
• Why Vague: Lacks precision in defining the width.
• Alternatives: limited, confined, restricted, slender, tight.
• Why Vague: Does not specify the degree of light or intelligence.
• Alternatives: luminous, radiant, brilliant, intelligent, clever.
• Why Vague: Fails to define the lack of light or mood.
• Alternatives: dim, shadowy, gloomy, obscure, somber.
• Why Vague: Does not quantify weight or severity.
• Alternatives: weighty, hefty, burdensome, substantial, ponderous.
• Why Vague: Lacks specifics in weight or intensity.
• Alternatives: lightweight, slight, easy, gentle, mild.

Vague Phrases and Statements

Vague phrases and statements can be just as problematic as vague words, leading to confusion and misinterpretation.

Here’s a list of common vague phrases, along with suggestions for making them more clear and specific:

• More Clear : “We will complete the task by next Friday.”
• More Clear : “The issue is minor and can be resolved quickly.”
• More Clear : “She has three years of experience in this field.”
• More Clear : “He consistently exceeds his monthly targets.”
• More Clear : “The meeting was productive and covered all agenda items.”
• More Clear : “This will cause a delay in our project timeline.”
• More Clear : “Let’s schedule our meeting for next Wednesday at 2 PM.”
• More Clear : “Please complete this task by the end of the day.”
• More Clear : “The project achieved its goals but went over budget.”
• More Clear : “Let’s discuss this issue in our meeting on Thursday.”

These examples illustrate how replacing vague phrases with specific information can significantly enhance clarity and understanding.

Frequently Asked Questions

Let’s look at frequency asked questions about vague language.

Is It Ever a Good Idea to Use a Vague Word?

Vague words can occasionally be useful in certain contexts, such as in creative writing where ambiguity might add to the narrative, or in diplomatic situations where directness could be inappropriate. However, in most professional, academic, and clear communication scenarios, specificity is preferred.

When to Use Vague Words?

Vague words are best used when:

• In Early Stages of Planning : When details are not yet available.
• In Creative Writing : To add mystery or depth.
• In Diplomatic Conversations : To avoid committing to specifics prematurely.
• In Informal Settings : Where precision is not critical.

How Can Vague Words Affect Communication?

Vague words can lead to misunderstandings, misinterpretations, and lack of clarity in communication. This can result in inefficiencies, errors, and sometimes even conflict in both personal and professional settings.

Are There Any Benefits to Using Vague Language?

In certain contexts, vague language can be beneficial. It can provide flexibility, allow for open interpretation, and sometimes help in avoiding conflict or committing to specifics too early.

How Can I Improve My Use of Specific Language?

To improve specificity:

• Focus on Details : Provide exact figures, names, dates, etc.
• Avoid Overusing Fillers : Words like “thing,” “stuff,” or “kind of.”
• Ask for Clarification : If you’re unsure, ask for more details.
• Practice Active Listening : To understand the importance of specificity in communication.

Final Thoughts

Vague language has its place but more precise words and phrases usually get more of the results you want much quicker.

For more about words, check out our other articles below.

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Specific Thesis Statement

Ai generator.

Crafting a thesis statement is akin to laying the foundation stone of your argument. But how do you ensure that this foundation is unshakeable? The answer lies in specificity. A specific thesis not only presents your main point lucidly but also gives your readers a clear roadmap of your argument. Dive into our curated guide for specific thesis statement examples, expert writing techniques, and invaluable tips to sharpen your thesis-writing skills.

What is a Specific Thesis Statement?

A specific thesis statement is a concise assertion that clearly expresses a focused argument or point about a topic. Unlike broad or vague thesis statements, a specific thesis directly addresses the topic in detail, ensuring that readers understand the main idea and the direction the writer is taking. It serves as a roadmap for the reader, indicating what they can expect as they navigate through the content.  You may also be interested in our Research hypothesis statement .

What is an example of a specific thesis statement?

Broad Thesis Statement: “Exercise is beneficial for health.” Specific Thesis Statement: “Engaging in cardiovascular exercises three times a week can help reduce the risk of heart diseases, improve mental health, and boost overall energy levels.”

100 Specific Thesis Statement Examples

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Crafting a specific thesis statement is pivotal in guiding the direction of your essay or paper, ensuring that your arguments remain focused and your readers remain engaged. A sharp, precise thesis sets clear boundaries for the topic you’re exploring and the argument you’re making. Here are 100 examples that illustrate the essence of specificity in thesis statements:

• Instead of “Reading is beneficial,” opt for “Reading historical fiction cultivates empathy by immersing readers in different eras and perspectives.”
• Instead of “Fast food is bad,” consider “Regular consumption of fast food can lead to obesity due to its high calorie and low nutrient content.”
• “Meditation has multiple health benefits” becomes “Daily meditation reduces stress, enhances focus, and can lower blood pressure.”
• Rather than “Social media affects relationships,” go for “Excessive use of social media can strain personal relationships due to decreased face-to-face interactions.”
• “Dogs are helpful to humans” can be refined to “Service dogs aid visually impaired individuals by guiding them safely in public spaces.”
• Instead of “Plants are essential,” say “Indoor plants can improve air quality by filtering common household pollutants.”
• “Exercise benefits the elderly” becomes “Regular low-impact exercises, like walking or swimming, improve joint mobility and cardiovascular health in the elderly.”
• Instead of “Travel broadens the mind,” consider “Traveling to culturally diverse countries fosters a deeper understanding of global perspectives and reduces ethnocentric views.”
• “Solar energy is advantageous” can be specific as “Harnessing solar energy reduces a household’s carbon footprint and can result in significant savings on electricity bills.”
• Instead of “Organic farming is good,” try “Organic farming, devoid of synthetic pesticides, provides consumers with healthier produce and promotes biodiversity.”
• “Online learning is effective” becomes “Online learning offers flexibility, accessibility, and personalized pacing, making it an effective educational method for many students.”
• Instead of “Drinking water is good,” opt for “Drinking at least 8 glasses of water daily aids digestion, hydrates the skin, and flushes out toxins.”
• “Music benefits the brain” becomes “Listening to classical music can enhance cognitive functions and improve memory retention in students.”
• Instead of “Diet affects health,” go for “A diet rich in antioxidants from fruits and vegetables can reduce the risk of chronic diseases and boost immunity.”
• “Technology impacts children” becomes “Excessive screen time can hinder physical activities and social interactions in children, potentially leading to developmental delays.”
• “Hiking is beneficial” turns into “Hiking in nature at least once a week can alleviate symptoms of depression and improve cardiovascular health.”
• Instead of “Pollution affects cities,” opt for “Air pollution in metropolitan areas exacerbates respiratory illnesses and diminishes the quality of urban life.”
• “Corporate social responsibility is essential” becomes “Companies that actively engage in corporate social responsibility often witness improved brand reputation and customer loyalty.”
• “Books are informative” can be refined to “Biographical books provide readers with in-depth insights into the lives, challenges, and accomplishments of historical figures.”
• Instead of “Art impacts society,” consider “Street art in urban centers serves as a medium for social commentary, reflecting the concerns and values of the community.”
• Rather than saying “Elections affect policies,” specify with “Presidential elections can lead to significant shifts in foreign policy, reflecting the elected leader’s stance on international relations.”
• Instead of “Trees are vital,” say “Mature trees in urban areas act as carbon sinks, help in temperature regulation, and provide habitats for birds and insects.”
• “Healthy sleep is crucial” becomes “Achieving 7-8 hours of uninterrupted sleep can enhance cognitive functions and boost the body’s immune response.”
• Instead of “Vaccinations are essential,” choose “Childhood vaccinations prevent outbreaks of diseases like measles, mumps, and rubella, safeguarding community health.”
• “History teaches us lessons” can be specific as “Studying the outcomes of World War II helps societies understand the dire consequences of political extremism.”
• Instead of “Children’s movies convey morals,” suggest “Children’s movies, such as ‘The Lion King,’ often impart life lessons about courage, friendship, and responsibility.”
• “Nutrition impacts athletic performance” becomes “Athletes following a balanced diet with adequate protein and complex carbohydrates often experience enhanced stamina and faster recovery times.”
• Rather than “Climate change affects economies,” specify “Rising sea levels, a direct result of climate change, pose severe economic threats to coastal cities through potential property loss and tourism decline.”
• “Gardening is therapeutic” is more specific as “Gardening activities, including planting and pruning, release endorphins which can alleviate symptoms of stress and anxiety.”
• Instead of “Public transportation is beneficial,” consider “Using public transportation can reduce urban congestion, decrease carbon emissions, and offer an affordable commute alternative.”
• Rather than “Museums are educational,” delve into “Museums, such as the Smithsonian, provide tactile learning opportunities by showcasing tangible artifacts from various epochs and cultures.”
• “Remote work changes businesses” becomes “Adopting a remote work model can reduce a company’s overhead costs, enhance employee satisfaction, and tap into a global talent pool.”
• Instead of “Stress affects health,” be specific with “Chronic stress can lead to physical ailments like hypertension, digestive issues, and a weakened immune system.”
• “Bird-watching is beneficial” becomes “Bird-watching encourages patience, boosts observational skills, and fosters a deeper appreciation for wildlife.”
• Instead of “Educational games help children,” opt for “Educational games, like ‘Math Bingo,’ enhance a child’s problem-solving skills and arithmetic fluency in a fun, interactive manner.”
• “Cycling is advantageous” turns specific with “Cycling to work daily promotes cardiovascular health, reduces carbon emissions, and cuts down commuting costs.”
• Instead of “Urban planning is crucial,” consider “Effective urban planning ensures sustainable city growth, efficient transportation systems, and enhanced living standards for residents.”
• “Jazz music is influential” becomes “Jazz music, originating from the African-American communities, has profoundly influenced various music genres, including R&B, hip hop, and rock.”
• Instead of “Bilingualism is beneficial,” say “Being bilingual enhances cognitive flexibility, improves multitasking abilities, and offers broader career opportunities.”
• “Organic foods are healthful” can be refined to “Organic foods, free from synthetic chemicals, often contain higher levels of essential nutrients and antioxidants.”
• Instead of saying “Reading is beneficial,” delve deeper with “Reading fiction novels can enhance empathy in readers, allowing them to understand and relate to diverse characters and cultures.”
• Rather than stating “Technology impacts education,” be specific with “The introduction of interactive whiteboards in classrooms has revolutionized teaching methods, promoting collaborative learning and increasing student engagement.”
• “Exercise is good for health” becomes “Engaging in aerobic exercise thrice a week can significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases and improve mental well-being.”
• Instead of “Solar energy is the future,” opt for “Harnessing solar energy through advanced photovoltaic cells can drastically cut down greenhouse gas emissions and provide a sustainable energy solution.”
• “Music affects emotions” is more refined as “Listening to classical music, especially pieces by Mozart, has been shown to improve mood and enhance spatial-temporal reasoning.”
• Instead of “Pets benefit households,” consider “Owning pets, particularly dogs, can promote physical activity in owners, reduce feelings of loneliness, and increase overall happiness.”
• “Tourism impacts economies” is better articulated as “Tourism in coastal regions, when sustainable, can bring in significant revenue, generate employment opportunities, and promote local culture and products.”
• Instead of “Plants improve air quality,” specify with “Indoor plants like the Spider Plant and Peace Lily act as natural air purifiers, removing pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene.”
• “Digital learning is revolutionary” can be precise as “Digital learning platforms, like Coursera and Udemy, provide accessible education to millions globally, democratizing knowledge and offering specialized skillsets.”
• Rather than “Diet influences health,” delve into “Following a Mediterranean diet, rich in olive oil, fish, and fresh vegetables, can reduce the risk of chronic diseases and improve longevity.”
• Instead of “Art impacts society,” say “Renaissance art, epitomized by Da Vinci and Michelangelo, has shaped Western artistic conventions and reflected societal shifts towards humanism.”
• “Green spaces in cities are essential” becomes “Urban green spaces, like parks and community gardens, foster biodiversity, reduce the urban heat island effect, and provide residents with recreational areas.”
• Instead of “Startups change economies,” consider “Tech startups in Silicon Valley, such as Uber and Airbnb, have disrupted traditional industries, prompting rapid economic shifts and regulatory challenges.”
• “Organic farming benefits agriculture” is elaborated as “Organic farming, devoid of chemical pesticides, enriches soil health, promotes biodiversity, and yields produce with higher nutritional value.”
• Instead of “Meditation promotes well-being,” offer “Practicing mindfulness meditation for 20 minutes daily can decrease stress levels, improve focus, and bolster emotional resilience.”
• “Public libraries are important” becomes “Public libraries serve as community hubs, providing free access to knowledge, fostering lifelong learning, and bridging socio-economic divides.”
• Instead of “Yoga benefits the body,” articulate “Regular yoga practice enhances flexibility, improves posture, and aids in holistic mind-body wellness.”
• “Community events foster unity” can be specified as “Community events, like local fairs and music festivals, strengthen neighborhood bonds and promote cultural exchange and understanding.”
• Instead of “Travel broadens horizons,” choose “Traveling to culturally diverse destinations enables individuals to gain firsthand insights into different ways of life, promoting global understanding.”
• “Historical films educate viewers” is clarified as “Historical films, when accurately portrayed, offer viewers insights into past events, shaping their understanding of significant milestones”
• Instead of “Video games affect behavior,” be more specific with “Playing violent video games for extended periods can increase aggressive tendencies in teenagers, impacting their social interactions.”
• Instead of “Cooking is therapeutic,” dive deeper with “Cooking, as a mindful activity, can act as a form of meditation, alleviating stress and fostering creativity in individuals.”
• “Marine pollution has consequences” is better detailed as “Marine pollution, especially from plastic waste, poses a severe threat to marine life, leading to entanglement and ingestion issues in species like turtles and whales.”
• Instead of “Space exploration is beneficial,” pinpoint with “Space exploration, as seen with NASA’s Mars missions, can unravel mysteries of our universe and pave the way for potential interplanetary colonization.”
• “Online shopping has transformed commerce” is further detailed as “Online shopping, through platforms like Amazon, has shifted consumer behavior, emphasizing convenience and leading to the decline of brick-and-mortar stores.”
• Instead of “Plastic reduction is vital,” state “Reducing plastic usage, especially single-use plastics, can significantly decrease environmental pollution and reduce harm to marine ecosystems.”
• “Work-life balance affects productivity” can be refined to “Maintaining a healthy work-life balance ensures increased employee morale, reduced burnout, and overall improved productivity in professional settings.”
• Instead of “Documentaries are informative,” express “Documentaries, such as those by David Attenborough, provide in-depth insights into environmental issues, raising awareness and prompting action towards conservation.”
• “Urban planning impacts city life” is better as “Effective urban planning, prioritizing green spaces and public transport, can enhance the quality of life, reduce pollution, and foster community interactions.”
• Instead of “Organic products are popular,” mention “Organic products, given their chemical-free cultivation, have gained popularity among health-conscious consumers, boosting demand in supermarkets globally.”
• Rather than “Museums offer education,” detail with “Museums, housing artifacts and exhibits, serve as educational hubs, providing insights into historical, cultural, and scientific realms of knowledge.”
• “Exercise aids mental health” can be specific as “Regular aerobic exercise, such as jogging, has been linked to reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety, boosting overall mental well-being.”
• Instead of “Festivals promote culture,” elaborate “Festivals, like Diwali in India or Carnival in Brazil, play a pivotal role in showcasing and preserving cultural heritage, traditions, and communal unity.”
• “E-learning affects education” is more specific as “E-learning platforms have democratized education, offering students from diverse backgrounds access to global content and facilitating lifelong learning.”
• Instead of “Robotics is transforming industries,” say “Robotics, particularly in the manufacturing sector, has streamlined processes, reduced human error, and led to significant productivity enhancements.”
• “Healthy diets impact longevity” becomes “Adopting plant-based diets rich in whole grains and vegetables has been linked to increased life expectancy and reduced risks of chronic diseases.”
• Instead of “Social media influences politics,” pinpoint with “Social media platforms, like Twitter, play a critical role in shaping political narratives, influencing voter perceptions and mobilizing campaigns.”
• “Art therapy aids healing” is refined to “Art therapy, employing creative mediums, provides individuals with an expressive outlet, aiding emotional healing and cognitive development.”
• Instead of “Reforestation is crucial,” specify “Reforestation, especially in deforested Amazonian regions, plays a vital role in carbon sequestration and biodiversity restoration.”
• “Dance is transformative” can be particularized as “Dance, as a form of expressive therapy, can offer both physical and emotional release, transforming mood and improving body coordination.”
• Instead of saying “Migration impacts economies,” be more precise with “Migration, particularly skilled labor migration, can significantly boost economic growth in recipient countries while potentially leading to a brain drain in the source countries.”
• Instead of “Urban gardens are beneficial,” articulate “Urban gardens, when integrated into city landscapes, not only enhance the aesthetic appeal but also promote local produce consumption and improve air quality.”
• “Green energy is the future” can be detailed as “Transitioning to green energy sources like solar and wind can substantially reduce carbon footprints, curbing global warming and ensuring sustainable energy for the future.”
• Instead of “Tourism affects local cultures,” say “Tourism, if unchecked, can lead to the commercialization of local cultures, but it can also be harnessed to preserve traditions and boost local economies.”
• “Digital currencies are transforming finance” is better as “Digital currencies, particularly Bitcoin and Ethereum, are reshaping the financial landscape by offering decentralized, transparent, and potentially more efficient transaction methods.”
• Instead of “Music impacts mood,” go deeper with “Music, especially specific genres like classical or jazz, has a profound influence on human emotions, potentially alleviating symptoms of anxiety and depression.”
• “Biotechnology is revolutionary” can be expounded as “Biotechnology, with its innovations in genetic engineering and CRISPR technology, holds the promise to revolutionize medicine, agriculture, and environmental conservation.”
• Instead of “Literature reflects society,” say “Literature, from classics to contemporary novels, offers a mirror to societal values, conflicts, and transformations, enabling readers to contextualize their own experiences.”
• “AI is changing job markets” can be specified as “Artificial Intelligence, with its automation capabilities, is reshaping job markets by rendering certain jobs obsolete while simultaneously creating new opportunities in tech and data analysis.”
• Instead of “Meditation has health benefits,” express “Meditation, particularly mindfulness practices, have been scientifically proven to reduce stress levels, improve concentration, and boost overall mental well-being.”
• Instead of “History teaches lessons,” elucidate with “History, with its myriad of events and outcomes, provides invaluable lessons on diplomacy, conflict, and the consequences of decisions, guiding future generations.”
• “Gastronomy influences tourism” is more refined as “Gastronomy, with its unique local dishes and culinary experiences, plays a pivotal role in attracting tourists and making cultural connections.”
• Instead of “Fashion reflects identity,” articulate “Fashion, as a medium of self-expression, allows individuals to project their identity, cultural background, and personal beliefs, shaping societal perceptions.”
• “Online privacy is crucial” can be detailed as “Maintaining online privacy in today’s digital age is paramount to protect personal data from breaches and ensure freedom of expression without surveillance.”
• Instead of “Recycling benefits the environment,” specify “Recycling, by reducing the need for raw materials and conserving energy, plays a vital role in cutting down pollution and minimizing waste in landfills.”
• “Virtual reality enhances experiences” can be expressed as “Virtual reality, with its immersive 3D environments, revolutionizes user experiences in gaming, education, and even medical training, bridging the gap between digital and tangible.”
• Instead of “Networking boosts careers,” say “Networking, whether digitally on platforms like LinkedIn or in-person, can open doors to job opportunities, collaborations, and industry insights, catalyzing career advancement.”
• “Sleep affects productivity” becomes “Consistent, quality sleep is foundational for cognitive function, creativity, and mood regulation, directly influencing workplace productivity and overall well-being.”
• Instead of “Sustainable fashion is emerging,” detail with “Sustainable fashion, prioritizing eco-friendly materials and ethical manufacturing, is gaining traction as consumers increasingly value environmental and social responsibility.”
• “Space colonization is a possibility” is further articulated as “Space colonization, especially on planets like Mars, holds potential not just for human survival but also for expanding our understanding of life and the universe.

Specific Thesis Statement Examples for High School

Crafting an accurate thesis statement in high school essays is crucial, as it sets the tone for the rest of the paper, ensuring clarity, precision, and a well-defined topic for readers.

• “Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ depicts the tragic consequences of feuding families, underlining the importance of reconciliation and understanding.”
• “The Cold War, marked by espionage and proxy wars, showcases the political tensions between the U.S. and the USSR during the 20th century.”
• “Photosynthesis in plants is a fundamental biological process that converts sunlight into energy, driving ecosystems worldwide.”
• “The Great Depression, originating in the 1930s, altered the American economic landscape, leading to significant policy changes.”
• “Symbolism in ‘The Great Gatsby’ reflects the disillusionment of the American Dream during the Roaring Twenties.”
• “Geometry, with its shapes and formulas, plays a pivotal role in architecture and design worldwide.”
• “Adolescent psychology emphasizes the developmental challenges and growth experienced during teenage years.”
• “The Pythagorean theorem is foundational in trigonometry, influencing various real-world applications.”
• “The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s aimed to end racial segregation and promote equality in America.”
• “Literary devices in ‘To Kill a Mockingbird’ underscore the prevalent racial and social issues of the American South.”

Specific Thesis Statement Examples for College

In college, thesis statements require a deeper analytical approach, showcasing not only understanding but also critical thinking and perspective.  In addition, you should review our  college essay thesis statement .

• “The concept of Quantum Physics, while intricate, revolutionizes our understanding of matter on a microscopic scale.”
• “Feminism in Jane Austen’s novels subtly criticizes the socio-economic constraints placed on women during the 18th century.”
• “Blockchain technology has the potential to revolutionize global finance, ensuring transparent and secure transactions.”
• “Freud’s theory of psychoanalysis delves into the subconscious mind, shedding light on human behavior and motivations.”
• “Climate change, accelerated by human activity, necessitates immediate global intervention to ensure sustainability.”
• “The Renaissance era marked a rebirth of art, culture, and knowledge, setting the stage for modern Western thought.”
• “The geopolitics of oil impacts international relations, leading to alliances, conflicts, and strategic decisions.”
• “Nihilism in Dostoevsky’s works reflects the spiritual emptiness and moral crises of 19th-century Russia.”
• “Neural networks in artificial intelligence mimic human brain functioning, leading to breakthroughs in machine learning.”
• “Post-colonial literature explores themes of identity, cultural conflict, and the legacy of colonialism.”

Specific Thesis Statement Examples for Academic Essay

For an academic essay, the thesis should succinctly present a focused argument or insight that invites further exploration and discussion.

• “The migration patterns of monarch butterflies offer insights into effects of climate change on insect behavior.”
• “Economic sanctions, while politically driven, can have unintended humanitarian consequences on the affected population.”
• “The Gothic elements in Mary Shelley’s ‘Frankenstein’ critique the dangers of unchecked scientific ambition.”
• “Rapid urbanization in developing countries highlights the challenges and opportunities of sustainable city planning.”
• “Bilingualism not only enhances cognitive abilities but also promotes cultural appreciation and understanding.”
• “Dark matter, while elusive, constitutes a significant portion of the universe, influencing its structural formation.”
• “Consumer behavior in digital marketing is heavily influenced by psychological triggers and social validation.”
• “The ethical implications of cloning touch upon fundamental questions of identity, morality, and human intervention.”
• “Renaissance humanism, emphasizing individualism and learning, laid the foundation for modern human rights ideologies.”
• “The portrayal of AI in media reflects societal anxieties and hopes regarding future technological advancements.”

Specific Thesis Statement Examples for Research Paper

Research papers demand precision, with the thesis statement indicating the paper’s hypothesis or central claim that will be substantiated with evidence.

• “A correlation exists between prolonged screen time and sleep disturbances among adolescents.”
• “Sustainable farming practices significantly enhance soil quality, leading to increased agricultural yields.”
• “Neuroplasticity in adults indicates the brain’s ability to adapt and recover even post-injury.”
• “Early exposure to multiple languages enhances cognitive flexibility and problem-solving skills in children.”
• “A direct link can be traced between deforestation in the Amazon and global climate anomalies.”
• “Vaccination campaigns in sub-Saharan Africa have led to a marked decrease in child mortality rates.”
• “The portrayal of mental health in cinema influences societal perceptions and stigmas.”
• “Nano-technology in medicine offers promising strategies for targeted drug delivery and cellular repair.”
• “Oral traditions in indigenous communities play a vital role in preserving history, culture, and environmental knowledge.”
• “The gut microbiome has a profound influence on human mood, behavior, and overall health.”

Specific Thesis Statement Examples for Academic Writing

In academic writing, the thesis should provide a clear, well-researched perspective, underpinned by evidence, forming the crux of the discussion.

• “Ancient Egyptian mummification practices highlight the civilization’s beliefs about the afterlife and spiritual preservation.”
• “Childhood nutrition significantly influences cognitive development and academic performance.”
• “The rise of the Ottoman Empire showcases a blend of military strategy, religious fervor, and administrative prowess.”
• “Coral reef bleaching, primarily driven by global warming, threatens marine biodiversity.”
• “Modernist literature, characterized by fragmented narratives and stream of consciousness, reflects the tumult of the early 20th century.”
• “Artificial photosynthesis, mimicking natural processes, holds potential for sustainable energy production.”
• “Greek tragedies, with their tragic heroes and moral dilemmas, delve deep into the human psyche and societal norms.”
• “Ocean currents, regulated by temperature and salinity gradients, play a crucial role in global climate systems.”
• “Social media algorithms, designed for user engagement, can inadvertently create echo chambers and polarization.”
• “The Silk Road, beyond trade, facilitated cultural, technological, and knowledge exchange between the East and the West.

What is a General and Specific Thesis Statement?

A thesis statement is the central claim or main argument of an essay or paper. Depending on the focus and detail level, thesis statements can be categorized as either general or specific.

• General Thesis Statement: These provide a broad overview of the topic at hand. While they might be suitable for introductory sections, they often lack detail, and as a result, they don’t provide a clear direction for the essay. For example, “Technology has transformed our lives.”
• Specific Thesis Statement: Contrary to general thesis statements, specific thesis statements offer a clear, precise claim or argument about a focused topic. These statements guide readers smoothly through the writer’s reasoning and evidence. For example, “Smartphone technology has altered our communication habits, leading to shorter attention spans and a preference for visual content.”

How Do You Write a More Specific Thesis?

• Narrow Down Your Topic: Start with a broad topic or idea and then narrow it down. For instance, if you’re writing about “pollution,” you might focus specifically on “plastic pollution in the world’s oceans.”
• Ask Specific Questions: Challenge your topic by asking who, what, where, when, and why. This can guide you to more specific areas of discussion.
• Include a Point of Argument or Insight: Ensure that your thesis statement isn’t just stating a fact but provides an argument or a unique insight that can be further discussed.
• Mention the Subtopics: If possible, hint at the subtopics or categories you’ll discuss. For instance, “The impact of the French Revolution was profound, affecting political, social, and economic facets of Europe.”
• Revise and Refine: After drafting your thesis statement, reread it. Does it offer clarity? Can it be made more specific? Continually refining your thesis will ensure precision.

Tips for Writing a Specific Thesis Statement

• Stay Focused: Keep your entire essay or paper in mind. Ensure that your thesis statement is aligned with the content and isn’t too broad for what you’re discussing.
• Avoid Vague Language: Words like “many,” “things,” “good,” or “bad” can often be replaced with more specific terms or rephrased for clarity.
• Make It Debatable: A good thesis statement is not a plain statement of fact but something that can be argued against. This makes your content more engaging.
• Seek Feedback: After crafting your thesis, ask a peer or mentor to review it. They might offer insights or perspectives that can make your statement more specific.
• Practice and Patience: Crafting the perfect specific thesis statement might not always come immediately. With practice, you’ll get better at honing in on the specifics of any topic.

Crafting a specific thesis statement is an art that elevates the clarity and impact of any academic work. By focusing on precision and avoiding ambiguity, writers provide readers with a clear roadmap of their argument. With practice and adherence to the provided tips, one can master the skill of developing compelling, specific thesis statements that captivate and inform.  You should also take a look at our  thesis statement for review .

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10 Examples of Public speaking

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How to Write an Explanatory Essay

• Smodin Editorial Team
• Published: May 24, 2024

A study from the English Language Teaching Educational Journal found that students encounter difficulty in organizing thoughts, generating ideas, and understanding writing processes when writing essays [1]. These are all key components of putting together a good explanatory essay. If this sounds like you, then don’t worry.

With the right approach, you can seamlessly combine all these components. This guide will give you a simple step-by-step strategy for writing an explanatory essay. It’ll also give you handy writing tips and tool suggestions, like utilizing artificial intelligence.

With this guide, you’ll be able to write an explanatory essay with confidence.

1. Develop a strong thesis statement

Crafting a strong thesis statement is the cornerstone of any well-written explanatory essay. It sets the stage for what your essay will cover and clarifies the main point you’re going to explain. Here’s how to create a thesis:

• Find the main idea : Start by pinpointing the key concept or question you want to explain. Develop a clear purpose for the essay. This will guide your research and writing process for your explanatory paper. Use other reputable explanatory essay examples to guide your ideas. This may involve exploring other explanatory essay topics within the same field.
• Be specific : A vague thesis can confuse readers. So, make sure your statement is clear. If you’re explaining a complex process, break it down to its key points. After that, break it into a clear, concise statement that’s easy to understand.
• Reflect objectivity : Explanatory essays educate and inform. They do not argue a point. So, your thesis should take an unbiased stance on the topic. It should present the facts as they are, not as you interpret them.
• Use tools like the Smodin Writer : Smodin Writer does all the heavy lifting by leveraging the power of artificial intelligence. With it, you can generate an essay with a thesis statement. How, you ask? Through its dedicated thesis generator . It can create a statement that’s both strong and relevant. Plus, it can pull in all the most interesting information based on your topic to further enrich your thesis statement.

Make your thesis clear, informative, and neutral. This sets a strong foundation for an effective explanatory essay. Next, let’s look at how to gather the information you’ll need to support this thesis effectively.

2. Research and gather information

You need to conduct thorough research that will back your thesis with credible sources and relevant evidence. This will make your explanatory essay both informative and persuasive. Here’s a step-by-step guide to conducting effective research:

• Start with a plan: Put together an explanatory essay outline that includes the information you need to support your thesis. The plan should list the best sources, like academic journals, books, reputable websites, or scholarly articles.
• Use credible sources: They ensure the accuracy of your essay. Libraries, academic databases, and certified websites are excellent places to find trustworthy information.
• Seek detailed information: Look for the most current sources that explain your topic well and provide unique insights related to or opposing your thesis statement. This depth is crucial for explaining complex ideas clearly and thoroughly in your explanatory papers. Pay attention to the explanatory essay structure to guide your topic of choice (more on this later).
• Gather relevant evidence: Collect data, stats, and examples. They should directly support your main points. Make sure this evidence is directly related to your topic and enhances your narrative.
• Employ digital tools: Tools like Smodin’s Research Assistant can accelerate your research process. Smodin’s tools can help you find detailed information quickly, ensuring that the data you use is up-to-date and relevant.
• Document your sources: As you conduct research, keep a meticulous record of where your information comes from. This practice will help you make an accurate bibliography. It can save you time when you need to refer back to details or verify facts. Again, this is something that’s covered thanks to Smodin’s Citation Machine.
• Evaluate your findings: Critically assess the information you collect. Ensure it provides a balanced view and covers the necessary aspects of your topic to give a comprehensive overview of your essay.

By following these steps, you can gather a rich pool of information that provides a strong backbone for your explanatory essay. Now, you can start structuring your findings into well-organized body paragraphs.

3. Structure body paragraphs

Once you’ve gathered relevant evidence through thorough research, it’s time to organize it. You should put it into well-structured body paragraphs that follow a logical flow. Here’s how to structure each body paragraph for a strong explanatory essay:

• Decide how many paragraphs to use : It will depend on your topic’s complexity and the needed detail. Typically, three to five paragraphs are suitable, but longer essays may require more. An explanatory essay example on your topic of choice will be helpful.
• Start with a topic sentence : Each body paragraph should begin with a clear topic sentence that introduces the main idea of the paragraph. This sentence will act as a roadmap for the paragraph, giving the reader a sense of what to expect.
• Provide supporting evidence : After the topic sentence, share the evidence from your research. Ensure the evidence is relevant and directly supports the paragraph’s topic sentence.
• Give a detailed explanation : Follow the evidence with an analysis or explanation that ties it back to the thesis statement. This step is crucial for maintaining logical flow throughout your body paragraphs.
• Use linking words : They connect body paragraphs smoothly, ensuring the reader can follow your argument.
• End each body paragraph with a closing sentence : It should sum up the point and move to the next idea.

Following this structure will help your body paragraphs support your thesis. These paragraphs will also offer a clear, detailed explanation of your essay topic. Strong body paragraphs are essential to maintain objectivity in your writing.

4. Maintain objectivity

An explanatory essay aims to inform and educate, which makes maintaining objectivity crucial. Staying neutral lets readers form their own opinions based on facts. This ensures the writing is both reliable and informative. Here’s how to maintain objectivity:

• Avoid personal opinions: Your goal is to provide a comprehensive understanding of the topic. Refrain from injecting your personal opinion or biases. Instead, stick to presenting factual information that supports the thesis.
• Use relevant evidence: As mentioned, ground your arguments with relevant evidence from credible sources. Back up your main points with data and use research findings and verified details. This will make the explanatory article trustworthy.
• Provide a balanced view: In cases with multiple perspectives, offer a balanced view. Cover each side fairly. Even if one view prevails in consensus, acknowledging others gives readers a broader understanding.
• Adopt neutral language: Be careful with word choice and tone. Neutral language implies words that don’t encourage or illustrate bias. This helps avoid emotionally charged phrases and keeps the writing objective.
• Cite sources accurately: Proper citation of sources provides accountability for the evidence presented. This transparency builds credibility and shows you’ve conducted research thoroughly. It’s also worth noting that different intuitions have different citation styles like APA and Chicago, which is important to note before starting your essay.
• Review for biases: After drafting your essay, review it with an eye for biases. Ensure no part leans too much on one viewpoint. And, don’t dismiss an opposing perspective without cause.

Maintaining objectivity enhances the clarity and reliability of explanatory writing. Let’s now focus on crafting an introduction and conclusion that bookend your work effectively.

5. Craft an effective introduction and conclusion

A good introduction and a strong conclusion frame your explanatory essay. They give context at the start and reinforce the main points at the end. Here’s how to craft an effective introduction and conclusion.

In the introduction:

• Hook your reader in the introduction : Use an interesting fact, a compelling quote, or a surprising statistic.
• Provide background information : Be brief and offer only the essential context the reader needs to fully understand the topic. This should give the audience a foundational understanding before diving deeper into your main points.
• Include the thesis statement : Clearly state your thesis near the end of the introduction. This statement will outline the essay’s direction and give readers a preview of the body paragraphs.

In the conclusion:

• Summarize the key points : Start your explanatory essay conclusion with a summary. It should cover the main points from the body paragraphs. This summary should help readers recall and reinforce the information they’ve just read.
• Restate the thesis : Repeat your thesis again but in a new way. Explain how the evidence from the body paragraphs supported or clarified it.
• Provide a conclusion : End the essay with a statement that wraps up the argument. This statement should resonate with the reader. It should leave them with an impression that stresses the topic’s importance.

An effective introduction and conclusion give the essay structure and coherence. They guide readers from start to finish. The next step is revising and editing your entire essay for clarity and precision.

6. Revise and check clarity

Revising and editing are key in writing. They make sure your essay is clear, joined, and polished. Here’s how to refine your writing using an explanatory essay checklist and proven academic writing techniques:

• Take a break: Before diving into revisions, step away from your essay for a few hours or even a day. This break will help you return with fresh eyes, making it easier to spot errors or inconsistencies.
• Follow an essay checklist: Create or use a checklist to ensure your essay has all the needed parts. It needs a strong intro with a clear thesis, well-structured body paragraphs, good sources, and a short conclusion. Check that your arguments follow a logical flow and that all relevant evidence is directly linked to your thesis statement.
• Check for clarity and conciseness: Academic writing needs clarity. So, make sure each paragraph and sentence conveys your point. Don’t use unnecessary jargon or overly complex language. Keep sentences concise while maintaining detailed explanations of your main points.
• Verify facts and citations: Make sure all facts, data, and quotes in the essay are accurate. Also, check that they are cited in the required academic style (e.g. MLA, APA). Improper citations can undermine the credibility of your writing.
• Review the grammar and style: Look for common grammar mistakes, punctuation errors, and awkward phrasing. Reading the essay aloud can help catch odd sentence structures or confusing wording.
• Seek feedback: Share your essay with a peer or use online tools to get constructive criticism. A second perspective can highlight issues you might have missed.

These editing steps will help you produce a polished essay that clearly explains your main points and holds up to academic scrutiny.

Explanatory Essay Format

Understanding the explanatory essay format is key to a well-structured and logical paper. Here’s a basic breakdown of the format for an explanatory essay:

Introduction paragraph

• Begin with an interesting sentence to capture the reader’s attention.
• Give a short intro. It should set the topic and outline the essay’s purpose.
• Present a clear thesis statement summarizing the main idea of the entire essay.

Body paragraphs

• Organize the body paragraphs around logical subtopics related to the essay topic.
• Start each body paragraph with a topic sentence that aligns with the thesis.
• Show evidence from good sources. Also, give key details for each main point.
• Incorporate a robust concluding statement per paragraph that drives home your point and links to the ideas in the next paragraph/section.
• Summarize the key points.
• Provide a final statement that reinforces the main idea without introducing new information.
• Craft a concluding statement that leaves your teacher or professor with a lasting impression.

Following this essay outline ensures that your paper has a clear flow. This makes it easy for readers to understand and follow your argument.

Write Better Explanatory Essays With Smodin

Explanatory essays can be overwhelming. Presenting a solid argument, keeping your professor or teacher interested, and remembering conventions like citations can be a real headache.

But, a strong thesis and thorough research make them easier. Well-structured body paragraphs also help deliver a clear, insightful essay that maintains objectivity. Just remember to revise and check for accuracy!

AI-powered platforms like Smodin simplify and enhance the process of writing explanatory essays.

Smodin’s tools help craft clear and well-structured essays that meet any of your academic standards. With Smodin’s advanced research capabilities, you can gather detailed and relevant information quickly. This will save you time and improve your work.

• Plagiarism Checker : Ensure your essay maintains originality with Smodin’s plagiarism detection tool. This feature helps maintain academic integrity by checking your work against vast databases.
• Auto Citation : Cite your sources accurately without the hassle. Smodin’s auto-citation tool ensures your references are in the right format and meet your academic institution’s rules.
• Text Shortener : If your explanatory essay is too long, use Smodin’s AI writer as an essay shortener. It will help you cut your content without losing key details. This helps keep your essay clear and relevant.
• Text Rewriter : Helps paraphrase existing content, ensuring uniqueness and a fresh perspective.
• Summarizer : The Summarizer boils down long articles into short summaries. They are perfect for making an efficient outline or conclusion.