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Indian National Education Policy-2020

2020, PPT on NEP-2020 India

The PPT is based on National Education Policy-2020, launched in India after 34 years. The earlier one was in 1986, followed by POA in 1992. I tried to highlight salient features of the Policy.

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New education policy 2020 approved by the Union cabinet of India on 29th July 2020, amid Covid-19 pandemic. The policy is a comprehensive framework to regulate education mechanism in India. It has laid various reforms in education system starting from school level to higher education system and also for the vocational training in rural and urban populations. New education Policy is third of its kind for the Indian subcontinent. The first National Policy on Education, after Independence was promulgated in 1968, second was in 1986 with Indira Gandhi and Rajive Gandhi as Prime minister respectively at that time. National Education Policy was then revised in 1992, in the regime of P.V.Narsimha Rao as the Prime minister. Now this is the third National Education policy with Narendra Modi as Prime minister in 2020.This paper generates a discussion on various outlines of National Education Policy (NEP) and its implications. It will discuss how far it is finding its place in current situation of pandemic and its universalization across the nation.

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• Timelines formulation of NEP
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• Indian Knowledge Systems

Implementation of NEP

Implementation of the NEP 2020 requires various initiatives and actions, taken by multiple bodies in a synchronized and systematic manner. The policy provides different timelines as well as principles and methodology for its implementation. Therefore, the implementation of this Policy will be led by various bodies i.e., Union and State Governments, Ministry of Education (GoI), State Departments of Education, Various Boards, NTA, the regulatory bodies of school and higher education, schools, and HEIs, along with timelines and a plan for review, in order to ensure that the policy is implemented in its spirit and intent, through coherence in planning and synergy across all these bodies involved in education.

NEP 2020 provides for careful planning, joint monitoring and collaborative implementation by Central and States for full fledge execution of this policy. Timely infusion of requisite resources - human, infrastructural, and financial - at the Central and State levels will be crucial for the satisfactory execution of the Policy.

The progress of NEP 2020 is intended to be monitored through five themes, namely: Learner-centric education, Digital Learning, Industry-institute collaboration, Academic Research and internationalization, and Indian Knowledge System.

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Highlights of New Education Policy-2020

Ministry of Education has announced the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) on 29.07.2020 which has been made available at Ministry of Education’s website at  https://www.mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf .The special features of NEP 2020 includes:-

• Ensuring Universal Access at All Levels of schooling from pre-primary school to Grade 12;
• Ensuring quality early childhood care and education for all children between 3-6 years;
• New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure (5+3+3+4);
• No hard separations between arts and sciences, between curricular and extra-curricular activities, between vocational and academic streams;
• Establishing National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy;
• Emphasis on promoting multilingualism and Indian languages; The medium of instruction until at least Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond, will be the home language/mother tongue/local language/regional language.
• Assessment reforms - Board Exams on up to two occasions during any given school year, one main examination and one for improvement, if desired;
• Setting up of a new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development);
• Equitable and inclusive education - Special emphasis given on Socially and Economically Disadvantaged Groups(SEDGs);
• A separate Gender Inclusion fund and Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups;
• Robust and transparent processes for recruitment of teachers and merit based performance;
• Ensuring availability of all resources through school complexes and clusters;
• Setting up of State School Standards Authority (SSSA);
• Exposure of vocational education  in school and higher education system;
• Increasing GER in higher education to 50%;
• Holistic Multidisciplinary Education with multiple entry/exit options;
• NTA to offer Common Entrance Exam for Admission to HEIs;
• Establishment of Academic Bank of Credit;
• Setting up of Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities(MERUs);
• Setting up of National Research Foundation(NRF);
• ‘Light but Tight’ regulation;
• Single overarching umbrella body for promotion of higher education sector including teacher education and excluding medical and legal education- the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI)-with independent bodies for standard setting- the General Education Council; funding-Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC); accreditation- National Accreditation Council (NAC); and regulation- National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC);
• Expansion of open and distance learning to increase GER.
• Internationalization of Education
• Professional Education will bean integral part of the higher education system. Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities, or institutions in these or other fields, will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions.
• Teacher Education - 4-year integrated stage-specific, subject- specific Bachelor of Education
• Establishing aNational Mission for Mentoring.
• Creation of an autonomous body,the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration. Appropriate integration of technology into all levels of education.
• Achieving 100% youth and adult literacy.
• Multiple mechanisms with checks and balances will combat and stop the commercialization of higher education.
• All education institutions will be held to similar standards of audit and disclosure as a ‘not forprofit’ entity.
• The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.
• Strengthening of the Central Advisory Board of Education to ensure coordination to bring overall focus on quality education.
• Ministry of Education: In order to bring the focus back on education and learning, it may be desirable to re-designate MHRD as the Ministry of Education (MoE).

The NEP 2020 has been finalised after detailed consultation process with all stakeholders including State/UT Governments. This Ministry has communicated to all States/UT Governments for implementation of NEP 2020 in letter and spirit. Ministry of Education is also organising ‘ShikshakParv’ from 8 th September to 25 th September, 2020 to deliberate on various themes and implementation of NEP 2020 aimed at eliciting suggestions.Ministry has also organised a Conference of Governors on “Role of National Education Policy in Transforming Higher Education”. In the conference, Governors and Lt. Governors of State and Union Territories, Education Minister of State and UTs, Vice Chancellors of State Universities and other dignitaries participated.  There has been wide publicity with a positive and overwhelming response from stakeholders on NEP 2020.

NEP 2020 recognizes that the vocational education is perceived to be inferior to mainstream education. Hence, this policy aims to overcome the social status hierarchy associated with vocational education and requires integration of vocational education programmes into mainstream education in all education institutions in a phased manner. Towards this, secondary schools will also collaborate with ITIs, polytechnics, local industry, etc. Skill labs will also be set up and created in the schools in a hub and spoke model which will allow other schools to use the facility.

Improving the quality of education across all levels from primary to university level is a continuous and ongoing process. Several initiatives are currently being undertaken in this direction. The SamagraShiksha, an integral scheme for School Education as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme is being implemented and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education. It envisages the ‘school’ as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior secondary levels.In higher education also, various schemes, namely, RashtriyaUchchatarShikshaAbhiyan (RUSA), Scheme for promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC), Global Initiative for Academics Network (GIAN), Impacting Research, Innovation & Technology (IMPRINT), Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (TEQIP), Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM), National Digital Library, campus connect programme, UchhatarAvishkarAbhiyan, Unnat Bharat Abhiyan, Impactful Research in Social Sciences (IMPRESS), Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA), National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are being implemented to improve the quality of higher education. A number of initiatives are also undertaken by UGC and AICTE for quality improvement in higher and technical education.

NEP 2020 unequivocally endorses and envisions a substantial increase in public investment in education by both the Central government and all State Governments. The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.

The information was given by the Union Minister for Human Resource Development, Shri Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

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Shikshak Parv

About Teachers’ Fest

As we all know that National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 has been released in July, 2020. The Policy aims at transforming School Education and Teacher Education in India. NEP 2020 is the first education policy of the 21 st century, which addresses many growing developmental imperatives of our country and is aligned to the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. The National Education Policy, 2020 is built on the foundational pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability and Accountability. NEP 2020 recommends many transformational ideas for education sector which will have an impact on every citizen; therefore, it is very important for our teachers to understand each and every aspect related to school education minutely. Understanding the perspective, intentions and philosophy of NEP, 2020 will motivate them to reflect upon their own past practices and also on the expectations of new policy from them. They will also be get convinced and empowered to disseminate the policy perspectives to their own community of learners including members of the community and parents.

Aiming at the dissemination of NEP, 2020 perspectives into the teacher fraternity and other stakeholders, this teachers’ fest is being conducted from 5 th September-25 th September, 2020. In this fest, renowned scholars, experts from the NCERT and National Awardee Teachers will speak from online forum while presenting infographics in simple manner about the recommendations of the policy. They will seek suggestions and the opinions of teachers on various recommendations of the policy for their smooth implementation.

Activities under Shikshak Parv

The Ministry of Education is organizing *“Shikshak Parv”* on the theme of *National Education Policy, 2020* for Principals, Teachers, parents, students, schools, HEIs, TEIs, government school education functionaries, educationists, CSOs, etc.

Dates: 8 th of September to 25 th of September, 2020

Mode: Virtual

• Two-days Conclave on School Education in the 21 st century:
• Practitioners Conclave on 10 th of September, 2020 by Teachers and Principals
• Technical Sessions on 11 th September, 2020
• Twelve webinars on NEP and its implementation on different themes on 8 th to 9 th September and 14 th to 25 th September, 2020.
• Details of the programme and schedule are available on https://www.mhrd.gov.in/shikshakparv
• Other formats of engagement
• NEP Quiz on My Gov from 7-25 September, 2020
• Teachers’ competition for preparing communication material

Presentations/Infographics/film on themes -

These will be available after each day’s discussions are over, on https://www.mhrd.gov.in/shikshakparv . The sessions will be based on various sub-themes of the National Education Policy and its process of implementation. You are requested to participate virtually in the Conclave and webinars of Shikshak Parv, by joining these sessions online. The Conclave and webinars will be available live on:

• https://www.facebook.com/EduMinOfIndia
• https://twitter.com/EduMinOfIndia
• https://www.youtube.com/user/HRDMinistry
• SWAYAM PRABHA Channel no 31
• PMeVIDYA channel no. 9
• "NCERT OFFICIAL" YouTube Channel and View through Cable Network: DD free dish #128, Zee Dish TV #950, Tatasky Channel #756, Airtel Channel #440, Videocon #477, Sundirect #793 and Jio TV mobile app

Activities to be organized jointly by Department of Higher Education and Department of School Education & Literacy During 5.9.2020 to 16.9.2020

Schedule for two days conclave, schedule for webinar:.

Overall Coordinator- Prof. Anupam Ahuja, NCERT, Email: [email protected]

• Technology in education

NEP 2020: ppt, aims and objectives, highlights

National education policy (NEP) 2020 is a comprehensive policy. It was approved by an indian government in July 2020. It is the first education policy of the 21st century.  NEP 2020 aims to bring about significant changes in the Indian education system from the pre-primary level to the higher education le vel.

Aims and objectives of NEP 2020

The main aims and objectives of the NEP 2020 are as follows:

1. To promote multilingualism . 2. To enhance the quality of education and research in India. 3. To make India a global education hub . 4. To provide equitable quality education to all students irrespective of their social, cultural, and economic backgrounds. 5. To make the curriculum flexible and to the reach of children. 6. To make overall development of children i.e; physical, social, emotional and, cognitive development. 7. To foster critical thinking and ethical values among learners. 8. To prepare the children for the future.

Highlights of NEP 2020

NEP 2020 is the third educational policy of India. It has replaced 34 year old education policy, NEP 1986 ( modified as POA 1992). K. Kasturirangan was the chairman of national education policy 2020 committee. Important highlights and key recommendations of NEP 2020 are:

1. NEP 2020 structure

The old education structure 10+2 has been replaced by 5+3+3+4 structure. This 5+3+3+4 format covers foundational stage, preparatory stage, middle stage, secondary stage, and higher secondary stage.

● Foundational stage: It is the first and most crucial stage of child education. As its name suggests it provides a strong foundation for learning. It is aimed at children aged between 3-8 years. There is a provision of early childhood care and education (ECCE) under this stage.

● Preparatory stage: It covers children between the age group of 9 to11 years. At this stage, the main focus is on activity- based learning.

● Middle stage: It covers children between the age group of 12 to 14 years. The main focus is on skill development. Basic coding and vocational education will be introduced at this stage. Students will be enrolled in 10 days internship programs. These programs will be run with local vocational experts such as carpenters, gardeners, potters, etc.

● Secondary stage: It is the last stage of 5+3+3+4 format. It is aimed at children aged between 15 to 18 years. It covers the 9th, 10th, 11th and 12th classes. There will be no hard separation among the arts, commerce, and science streams.

2. Three language formula  

The three-language formula will continue but no language would be imposed on anyone.

🔘 First language:  mother tongue or regional language.

🔘 Second language: (i) In hindi speaking states: english or modern Indian language.

(ii) In non-hindi speaking states:  english or hindi

🔘 Third language:  English or modern english language.

3. Holistic progress card

The progress (report) card of the students will be holistic, 360 degree, and multidimensional. It will include self assessment, peer assessment, and teacher assessment.

4. Gender inclusion fund

The NEP 2020 Inclusion Fund has been constituted by the Government of India to ensure that equitable quality education is provided to all students, especially those from Socio-Economic Empowerment (SEDGs).

PARAKH is a national assessment center. Its full form is Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis for Holistic development. It is used to assess all school boards.

6. Higher education

NEP 2020 proposes a multi-disciplinary under graduation program. Graduation programs will be run with multiple entry and exit option . It will be of either 3 or 4 years. Students will get a certificate after each year.

● 1st year: students will get certificate.

● 2nd year: Students will get advance diploma.

● 3rd year: students will get Bachelor’s degree.

● 4th year:  students will get Bachelor’s degree with research.

Post graduation (PG) program will be of either 1 or 2 years.

Academic bank of credit:

Academic bank of credits (ABC) is a virtual credit system. Credits will be awarded to students during their learning process. With the use of these credits, students can leave or join the institutions. The validity of these credits will be upto 7 years.

7. Research programs

M.phill program has been discontinued. Now students can pursue Ph.D. after post graduation or four year graduation program.

8. Expenditure

NEP 2020 has set the target to increase public investment in the education sector to reach 6% of GDP.

This policy is expected to bring about significant changes in the Indian education system. The successful implementation of the policy will require  the involvement of all stakeholders.

NEP 2020 PPT

This ppt covers the main point of NEP 2020 related to:

● School education 

● Higher education 

● Technology 

● Financing and implementation 

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National Education Policy (NEP 2020)

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy (NEP) in July 2020. This policy will usher in sweeping changes to the education policy of the country, including a renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development as the Education Ministry.  This article on education in India is aligned with the UPSC Syllabus and is relevant for prelims and mains examination.

National Education Policy 2020 UPSC Notes Download PDF Here

Education and topics related to education in India are relevant for the IAS Exam and are often seen in the news and hence are important for the UPSC Mains. Aspirants can find notes for UPSC Mains General Studies topics from the links given at the end of the article.

Candidates must read about NIPUN Bharat Programme that has been launched as a part of New Education Policy 2020, in June 2021.

The Union Cabinet has approved the new National Education Policy 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system – from the school to the college level.

• Its aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”.
• The Cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the Ministry of Education.
• The New Education Policy cleared by the Cabinet is only the third major revamp of the framework of education in India since independence.
• The two earlier education policies were brought in 1968 and 1986.

Aspirants should read about New Education Policy along with other education-related topics to holistically cover this article. Such similar articles are linked below:

In this article, you will get the following facts about the new National Education Policy 2020 for the UPSC exam:

What is the new National Education Policy 2020?

National Education Policy of India – Background:

The Ministry of Human Resource Development formed a Committee chaired by Dr K. Kasturirangan for preparing the National Education Policy. The Committee was constituted in June 2017.  The Committee submitted its report on May 31, 2019.

The National  Policy on Education covers elementary and university education in urban as well as rural India. 

• The very first policy for education was promulgated in 1968 with the second one following in 1986. 
• The first NPE was based on the recommendations of the Education Commission (1964-66). This policy sought to have a ‘radical restructuring’ of India’s educational system and equalizing opportunities for education for all, to accomplish national integration and better economic and cultural development. 
• The NPE also called for realizing compulsory education for every child until the age of fourteen, as mentioned in the Indian Constitution. 
• It also aimed at providing enhanced training and improving teachers’ qualifications.

Compare NEP 2020 with NEP 1991 in the linked article.

Some relevant points from the official NEP 2020 PDF that can be useful for the UPSC Mains Exam:

• NEP 2020 is the 21st Century’s first education policy in India.
• The development of the creative potential of each student is emphasized in the National Education Policy 2020.
• The NEP 2020 mentioned the ancient scholars like Charaka and Susruta, Aryabhata, Bhaskaracharya, Chanakya, Madhava, Patanjali, Panini and Thiruvalluvar.
• Flexibility
• No hard separations between subjects, curricular and extra-curricular activities
• Multi-disciplinary education
• Conceptual understanding
• Critical thinking
• Ethical Values
• Teachers as the heart of the learning process
• The strong public education system

Also, read State of School Education in India . 

Features of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy as submitted by the Kasturirangan Committee submitted an education policy that seeks to address the following challenges facing the existing education system:

• Affordability
• Accountability 
• The policy provides for reforms at all levels of education from school to higher education. 
• NEP aims to increase the focus on strengthening teacher training, reforming the existing exam system, early childhood care and restructuring the regulatory framework of education. 
• Increasing public investment in education,
• Setting up NEC (National Education Commission),
• Increasing focus on vocational and adult education,
• Strengthening the use of technology, etc.

Compare the features of the New Education Policy with National Agricultural Education Policy .

Key Recommendations of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy 2020 has recommendations and reforms with respect to the following items:

You can read the complete set of recommendations of the NEP 2020 in CNA dated July 30, 2020 .

The above-mentioned recommendations are explained below.

Early Childhood Care and Education

The NEP recommended that early childhood care & education be developed in a two-part curriculum consisting of: 

• Guidelines for Parents & Teachers of students up to 3 years of age
• An educational framework for students between the ages of 3-8 years

The NEP talks about the implementation of these recommendations by expanding and improving the quality of the Anganwadi system and co-locating them with primary schools. 

Right to Education Act, 2009

The NEP recommended extending the range of the  Right to Education Act ,2009 to include the following education levels:

• Early Childhood &
• Secondary School

This will allow coverage of RTE to all children between the ages of 3-18 years. In addition, it suggested the elimination of detention of children until class eight. 

Curriculum Framework

Reforms in the framework of the current curriculum of school education are based on the development needs of the students. The NEP recommends the 5-3-3-4 pattern explained in the table below:

School Exam Reforms

Reforms in the school exam recommended by the NEP include tracking the progress of the students throughout their school experience. 

• It includes State Census Exams in class 3, 5 and 8. 
• Another important recommendation was the restructuring of the 10th board exam that would mainly focus and test only the skills, core concepts and higher-order thinking & capacities. 

Regulatory Structure and Accreditation of Higher Educational Institutions

In terms of Accreditation and Regulatory structure, the NEP recommended the following changes:

• Setting up NHERA (National Higher Education Regulatory Authority),
• Separating NAAC from UGC into an autonomous and independent body.

Read more on the UGC in the linked article.

National Research Foundation

In order to improve the quality of research in India, the NEP recommended:

• It would be an autonomous body that would administer the mentoring, funding and capacity building for quality research in India.

Education Governance

The NEP recommended establishing an apex body for education headed by the Prime Minister under the name Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog or National Education Commission .

• It also suggested changing the name of the Ministry of Human Resources & Development to the Ministry of Education.

Financing Education

Doubling the public investment for education was one of the important recommendations of the NEP 2020.

• NEP 2020 insisted on the expenditure of 6% of the GDP on education.
• Doubling the current 10% of total public expenditure to 20% in the next decade was recommended. 

National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology

The NEP suggested setting up an autonomous body that would facilitate decision making on the deployment, induction and use of technology. NEP said that this would be achieved by implementing the following measures:

• The recommended autonomous body would be administered under this mission. 
• It will also include virtual laboratories in various disciplines providing remote access. 

Vocational Courses 

Recommendations of NEP 2020 with respect to Vocational courses can be listed as follows:

• Students in classes 9 to 12 must receive vocational education on at least one vocation,
• Schools should build expert curriculum delivery methods that are aligned with National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) competency levels,
• Higher Education Institutes must also provide vocational courses that are integrated into undergraduate education programmes.

Three Language Formula

The Policy recommended that the three-language formula be continued and flexibility in the implementation of the formula should be provided. The three-language formula states that state governments should adopt and implement the study of a modern Indian language, preferably one of the southern languages, apart from Hindi and English in the Hindi-speaking states, and of Hindi along with the regional language and English in the non-Hindi speaking states. 

National Education Policy 2020 Concerns

Some of the concerns expressed about the NEP 2020 are as follow:

• The report fails to address and incorporate ideas based on contemporary global thinking like the emphasis on creativity and critical thinking and the need for learning in a non-competitive and non-hierarchical ecosystem and discovering one’s true passion without any sense of fear.
• Delivering the changes proposed related to Anganwadis may be difficult despite the focus given to early childhood care and schooling.
• The propositions of volunteer teachers, peer tutoring, rationalisation of the system of schools and sharing of resources do not seem like long-term solutions.
• Lack of clarity in government strategies regarding the Public Sector like municipal schools, state-run institutions, Kendra Vidyalaya, etc. 
• The creation of a National Testing Agency (NTA) has generated scepticism. The NTA, though envisaged to serve as a premier, expert, autonomous testing organisation to conduct entrance examinations for admissions and fellowships in higher educational institutions may, in reality, lead to loss of autonomy among the universities and departments over admissions.

For a critical analysis of the National Education Policy 2020, check CNA dated July 31, 2020 editorials .

Merits of New Education Policy 2020

• Comprehensive : NEP seeks to address the entire gamut of education from preschool to doctoral studies, and from professional degrees to vocational training.
• Early Childhood Education : In adopting a 5+3+3+4 model for school education starting at age 3, the New education Policy recognizes the primacy of the formative years from ages 3 to 8 in shaping the child’s future
• Easy on Regulations:  NEP 2020 makes a bold prescription to free our schools, colleges and universities from periodic “inspections” and place them on the path of self-assessment and voluntary declaration
• Holistic : The policy, inter alia, aims to eliminate problems of pedagogy, structural inequities, access asymmetries and rampant commercialization.
• Promote Inclusion:  The Policy proposes the creation of ‘inclusion funds’ to help socially and educationally disadvantaged children pursue education

To complement the GS 1 preparation, candidates can check the following links:

UPSC Questions related to National Education Policy 2020

Who is the chairman of the national education policy 2020.

K. Kasturirangan is the chairman of the National Education Policy 2020.

When was the National Policy on Education formulated?

There were National Education Policies in 1968, 1986, 1992 and the latest in 2020. The gist of New Education Policy discussion on RSTV-Big Picture episode can be checked at the linked article.

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