doctor of engineering vs phd

PhD vs. DEng (Doctor of Engineering): What’s the Difference?

Choosing between a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Engineering and a Doctor of Engineering (DEng) is a crucial decision for many aspiring engineers, affecting their career trajectory and professional development. Both degrees offer distinct paths with their own set of benefits and challenges. 

While a PhD is traditionally research-oriented, focusing on advancing knowledge and technology through rigorous study and experimentation, the Doctor of Engineering is designed to propel professionals into high-level problem-solving and management roles within the industry. 

Understanding the key characteristics of each doctorate degree will help prospective students make an informed decision tailored to their career aspirations.

PhD in Engineering vs. Doctor of Engineering: Definitions

Each of these programs offers a unique approach to engineering education, catering to different types of students and career goals. 

What Is a PhD in Engineering?

A PhD in Engineering is considered the pinnacle of academic achievement in the engineering field. The degree has the following characteristics:

• Research-focused : The degree is aimed at generating new knowledge and technologies through extensive research.
• Academically oriented : Candidates are expected to contribute original findings to the broader engineering community through peer-reviewed publications.
• Long-term commitment : It typically requires four to six years of study, involving coursework and a significant original research project culminating in a dissertation.

What Is a Doctor of Engineering?

The Doctor of Engineering, on the other hand, is tailored for professionals aiming to deepen their technical expertise and lead engineering projects in the industry. The degree has the following characteristics:

• Application-driven : It focuses on applying research to practical problems in engineering.
• Professionally oriented : The degree is geared towards those who wish to excel in high-level industry positions rather than academic roles.
• Integration with industry : It often requires candidates to engage directly with engineering companies or projects, applying advanced concepts to real-world challenges.

Comparing PhD in Engineering and Doctor of Engineering

There are a number of similarities and differences between the two doctorate degrees .

Key Similarities

Although the PhD in Engineering and the DEng degrees cater to different career paths, they share several foundational elements:

• Advanced engineering knowledge : Both degrees require a deep understanding of advanced engineering principles.
• Critical thinking and problem-solving : Students must exhibit exceptional analytical skills to tackle complex engineering challenges.
• Commitment to ethics : Each program instills a strong commitment to ethical practices in both academic and professional settings.

Key Differences

The core distinctions between a PhD in Engineering and a DEng highlight their unique orientations and objectives:

• The PhD in Engineering emphasizes theoretical research and academic contributions.
• The DEng focuses on practical application and industry impact.
• PhD students complete a dissertation based on original research.
• DEng students typically undertake a project that solves a practical industry problem.
• PhD graduates often pursue careers in academia or research institutions.
• DEng holders typically seek leadership roles in engineering firms or technical consultancy positions.

PhD in Engineering vs. Doctor of Engineering: Education Structure and Curriculum

By exploring the structures and curriculums of the degrees, prospective students can gain a clearer understanding of what each degree entails and which might best suit their career goals.

PhD in Engineering Structure and Curriculum

The educational structure of a PhD in Engineering is designed to cultivate expert researchers and academics. Coursework focuses on advanced topics in engineering, mathematics, and related sciences to prepare students for independent research.

Significant time is dedicated to conducting original research , leading to new insights and technological advancements. The culmination of the PhD is a comprehensive dissertation that makes a novel contribution to the field of engineering.

Doctor of Engineering Structure and Curriculum

The curriculum of the Doctor of Engineering is structured to integrate advanced engineering theory with practical application. The advanced practice-oriented coursework is designed to enhance technical and management skills, preparing students for high-level industry roles.

Project work emphasizes solving real-world engineering problems, often in collaboration with engineering firms or through internships. The degree typically culminates in a substantial capstone project that demonstrates the application of engineering principles to industry challenges.

PhD in Engineering vs. Doctor of Engineering: Accreditation

Accreditation is an important aspect of all engineering degrees, and should be considered carefully by prospective students.

PhD in Engineering Accreditation

Accreditation for a PhD in Engineering ensures the quality and rigor of the academic program:

• Importance of accreditation : Accreditation verifies that the educational program meets specific standards of quality and rigor, essential for academic and professional recognition.
• Accrediting bodies : Major accrediting bodies for engineering programs include the Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology (ABET) and regional accrediting organizations.
• Impact on career : Holding a degree from an accredited institution enhances a graduate’s prospects in academia and research fields, ensuring their qualifications are recognized and respected globally.

Doctor of Engineering Accreditation

Accreditation for the Doctor of Engineering focuses on both academic standards and industry relevance:

• Professional standards : Ensures that the program provides education that is relevant and up-to-date with industry standards.
• Accrediting organizations : Similar to the PhD, DEng programs are often accredited by ABET and may also seek accreditation from industry-specific bodies that recognize professional engineering qualifications.
• Professional recognition : Accreditation is crucial for DEng graduates to be recognized as qualified professionals in the engineering industry, potentially influencing hiring decisions and career advancement.

Career Options for PhD in Engineering and Doctor of Engineering

Both degrees prepare graduates for different professional paths. Students need to recognize the importance of choosing a degree that aligns with one’s engineering career aspirations and personal strengths.

PhD in Engineering Careers

A PhD in Engineering opens doors to a range of career opportunities, primarily in academia and research:

• Academic positions : Many PhD graduates become university professors, contributing to academic knowledge and educating the next generation of engineers.
• Research institutions : Some may hold positions in government or private research institutions where they can continue to develop new technologies and solutions.
• Specialist roles : Highly specialized industries such as biotechnology, nanotechnology, or renewable energy often seek PhD graduates for their advanced research capabilities.

Doctor of Engineering Careers

The career paths for Doctor of Engineering graduates are oriented toward industry and applied engineering solutions:

• Engineering management : Graduates may pursue leadership roles within engineering firms, overseeing projects and teams.
• Project management : Some may find jobs managing large-scale projects, ensuring they meet technical specifications, budgets, and timelines.
• Consultancy : Some graduates take positions providing expert advice in specific areas of engineering, often as an external consultant to various industries.

PhD in Engineering vs. Doctor of Engineering: Salary and Job Outlook

Examining the salary and career prospects related to the PhD in Engineering and DEng degrees can help prospective students gain insight into degree outcomes.

PhD in Engineering Salary

Graduates holding a PhD in Engineering are positioned for competitive salaries, especially in academia and specialized research roles:

• Average annual salary : According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual salary for postsecondary engineering teachers was approximately $106,910 as of May 2023, though this can vary widely depending on the specific field and location.
• Salary range : Professor of engineering salaries can range from about $49,000 to over $182,000.
• Factors affecting salary : Industry, geographic location, and the specific engineering discipline significantly influence salary outcomes.  

Doctor of Engineering Salary

The Doctor of Engineering degree typically leads to higher-paying positions in the industry due to its focus on applied engineering and management:

• Average annual salary : The median annual salary for architectural and engineering managers was approximately $165,370 as of May 2023, according to the BLS.
• Salary range : Starting salaries begin around $107,000, with potential to exceed $233,000 in senior management or consulting roles.
• Industry variance : Salaries can be particularly high in sectors such as aerospace, manufacturing, and systems engineering.

PhD in Engineering Job Outlook

The job outlook for PhD in Engineering graduates remains positive, reflecting the ongoing need for advanced expertise in research and development:

• Growth projection : The BLS projects that engineering teaching positions , commonly held by PhDs, will grow by 9% from 2022 to 2032.
• Emerging fields : Significant growth is expected in areas like renewable energy, robotics, and biomedical engineering, driving demand for research and development experts.
• Academic opportunities : The academic sector continues to offer opportunities, although competitive, for tenure-track positions.  

Doctor of Engineering Job Outlook

Doctor of Engineering graduates have a strong job outlook in various industry sectors, especially those that value practical engineering leadership:

• Growth projection : Engineering management positions are expected to expand by about 4% over the decade, indicating stable demand for engineering leaders.
• Professional advancement : The degree is particularly valuable for professionals looking to ascend to executive-level positions in technical companies.
• Sector-specific demand : High demand in sectors such as construction, consulting services, and government projects.

This section highlights the salary expectations and job prospects for graduates of both PhD in Engineering and Doctor of Engineering programs, underscoring the potential financial and professional rewards of each path.

Tips for Choosing Between a PhD in Engineering and a Doctor of Engineering

Choosing between a PhD in Engineering and a Doctor of Engineering depends largely on individual career goals and personal interests. Here are some considerations to help prospective students make this important decision:

• Assess career goals : Consider whether your interest lies in academic research or practical industry applications. A PhD is ideal for those interested in research and teaching, while a DEng suits those aiming for senior engineering management roles.
• Consider industry requirements : Some industries may value the practical skills of a DEng more highly, whereas academia and research institutions typically require a PhD.
• Evaluate long-term objectives : Think about where you want to be in 10-15 years. Does one degree align better with your envisioned career path?
• Seek advice : Talk to current students and professionals in both tracks to understand the realities and demands of each path.
• Financial and time commitments : Be realistic about the time and financial investment each degree requires and what you can commit to.

What are the main differences between a PhD in Engineering and a Doctor of Engineering?

• Focus : PhD programs are research-oriented, ideal for those interested in academic careers or deep specialization in a field. DEng programs are application-oriented, designed for professionals aiming for high-level industry positions.
• Outcome : PhD graduates often pursue careers in academia or specialized research, while DEng graduates typically move into senior management or consultancy roles in engineering.

How long does it typically take to complete a PhD in Engineering versus a Doctor of Engineering?

• PhD in Engineering : Generally takes between four to six years, depending on the research project and dissertation requirements.
• Doctor of Engineering : Typically completed in three to five years, as it often integrates professional experience and may have a more structured curriculum.

Can a Doctor of Engineering degree lead to a teaching position in universities?

Yes, although less common than PhD holders, DEng graduates can teach, especially in universities that emphasize practical skills and applied engineering. However, tenure-track positions may prefer candidates with a PhD.

What kind of financial investment is involved in pursuing these degrees?

The cost can vary widely depending on the institution and the country. Generally, PhD programs may offer more funding opportunities, such as scholarships and stipends, due to their research focus. DEng programs may have less funding available but are often shorter in duration.

Is it possible to switch from a DEng to a PhD program or vice versa?

Switching between the programs is possible but may require fulfilling additional prerequisites or adjustments in one’s research focus. It’s important to consult academic advisors to understand the implications and requirements.

Are there online options available for either degree?

Yes, many universities now offer online or hybrid versions of both PhD and DEng programs. These options provide flexibility but require self-discipline and may have different networking opportunities compared to traditional on-campus programs.

Explore the PhD in Engineering vs. Doctor of Engineering Differences

Both the PhD in Engineering and the Doctor of Engineering offer valuable pathways to fulfilling and lucrative careers in their respective fields. The choice between a research-oriented PhD and a practice-oriented DEng should be guided by personal career aspirations, industry demands, and lifestyle considerations. 

By carefully evaluating these factors and utilizing the resources available, prospective students can make an informed decision that best suits their professional goals and personal preferences. This careful deliberation will ensure that they embark on a path that not only meets their academic and professional needs but also enriches their personal growth and career satisfaction.

For further exploration and to aid in decision-making, the following resources can be helpful:

• Accreditation Board for Engineering and Technology : ABET provides a list of accredited engineering programs, which is crucial for ensuring the quality of your education.  
• Professional associations : Organizations like the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) offer resources for engineering students and professionals.
• Career planning tools : Organizations like Payscale and the BLS offer valuable tools for researching potential careers and salary data.
• University career services : Most universities offer career services to their students, which can help in understanding the prospects and requirements of both degrees.

What Is the Benefit of an EngD Degree vs. a Traditional PhD Degree?

Krystle Dodge

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Going to school to earn a doctoral degree is a huge endeavor. Engineering doctoral students must also make a huge decision about which type of doctorate degree they will pursue. There is the traditional Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degree to consider, but there is also the Doctor of Engineering degree, also called the EngD or DEng degree.

As you may expect, there are several similarities between the EngD and PhD paths. Both of these degrees are considered terminal degrees, which means that they are the highest level of academic study available. Either the Ph.D. or the D.Eng. can help you advance your engineering career, but the differences between these two doctoral degree programs are significant. If you choose the Doctor of Engineering degree over the Ph.D. program, some of the benefits you will receive include a stronger focus on practical application in professional engineering practice, more extensive preparation for industry job opportunities and differences in when in their careers students undertake doctoral study and how long it takes to earn their degrees.

What Is a Doctor of Engineering Degree?

Just about everyone has heard of the PhD, the type of doctoral degree that is, to most people, more recognizable than any other doctorate besides the ones granted to physicians by medical schools. The PhD is a type of doctorate that is awarded in all kinds of fields, from science and math to history, English and education. A PhD is traditionally a research-focused degree, although not all PhD holders go on to work in academic research.

The Doctor of Engineering degree is less well-known than the PhD, but it’s still a good option to consider for many engineers. EngD degrees are professional-focused, rather than research-focused, areas of doctoral-level study. As such, they emphasize applied engineering knowledge and research over basic research meant primarily to advance knowledge of the field. Generally, Doctor of Engineering degree programs are intended for engineering practitioners who want to advance their skills in industry work rather than preparing for opportunities in academia.

All in all, 10,476 students earned some sort of doctorate in an engineering discipline in 2020, according to the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics . 

Doctor of Engineering vs. PhD Degree Programs

When pursuing either a Doctor of Engineering or a PhD in engineering degree, you will undertake challenging coursework that delves deep into an engineering discipline and develop your skills in conducting engineering research. However, there’s no question that these degrees have major differences, particularly in their areas of focus, the job opportunities for which they prepare graduates and the time it takes to earn the doctorate degree.

Professional vs. Research Focus

The most critical difference between the Doctor of Engineering and Doctor of Philosophy degrees is that the EngD is a professional degree, while the PhD is a research degree. A traditional Doctor of Philosophy focuses on engineering theory and scholarship, heavily emphasizing original research work that can take years. A professional doctorate, sometimes called an applied doctorate , focuses on developing specialized skills for practical application in the engineering workforce.

EngD degree programs are sometimes offered in different areas of specialization. For example, if you want to move up into a leadership position, you might choose to earn a Doctor of Engineering degree in engineering management. A  Doctor of Engineering in manufacturing  can be beneficial if you are one of the more than 578,000 engineers working in the manufacturing industry, which is the top employer of engineers, the  United States Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) reported. You could also seek a Doctor of Engineering degree  in an engineering discipline such as biomedical, civil, electrical, chemical or mechanical engineering, just as you would typically pursue a PhD in a particular branch of engineering.

Any professional doctorate in engineering degree will focus on analyzing and applying research and theory to solve real-world industry problems. That isn’t to say that students in a Doctor of Engineering program get out of doing research. In fact, depending on your engineering school, you might need to submit a dissertation that presents original research for your EngD degree just as you would for a traditional PhD degree. However, the outcome of earning an EngD degree isn’t preparation for a career in theoretical research and academia but rather the cultivation of technical leadership skills.

Some  Doctor of Engineering programs culminate in a portfolio that consists of the students’ plans, prototypes, user manuals, computer simulations and patent applications. This engineering portfolio can be used to demonstrate your skills and vision to potential employers or, if you aspire to launch your own startup, to investors. 

Job Opportunities Outside of Academia

Historically, Ph.D. degrees in engineering were meant for engineers who were seeking tenure-track academic or industrial research careers. Engineers working in private industry and the corporate sector were the ones who would pursue a Doctor of Engineering degree. This terminal degree could potentially allow engineers to teach at the college level, but more typically, it prepared them for advancement to highly technical engineering practice roles or leadership opportunities.

Now, though, the  differences between a professional doctorate and a Ph.D. in terms of career outcomes are not as clear-cut. Some PhD graduates work in the private sector, and some colleges and universities hire candidates with an EngD degree for academic research and teaching roles. This overlap in career opportunities shows that both doctoral degree paths in engineering are decently versatile. It also makes it easier for prospective doctoral students to decide whether they want to pursue a PhD or an EngD without having to worry that choosing the “wrong” educational path could limit their career options too much.

Generally, though, if conducting new research is what most appeals to you, the Ph.D. is the more appropriate career path, while students eager to move up in industry roles find the Doctor of Engineering degree to be more beneficial. The EngD degree is a good choice when you want to develop advanced technical skills and knowledge in a specialized area that would put you in a senior-level role. You can also use this education to cultivate the leadership skills necessary for high-ranking managerial positions in engineering, such as engineering director or engineering program manager.

Another distinction between the two degree paths is the source of research funding. Ph.D. projects are often funded by grants, while an industry or public sector organization might provide the funding for research done by Doctor of Engineering students.

Differences in Timing and Duration of Degree

The time it takes a student to earn a degree, and the time when an engineer begins his or her doctoral studies, also differentiate the EngD from the PhD degree. Generally, a professional doctorate degree in engineering takes at least three years of study—but still significantly less time than a PhD program takes.

While PhD programs are often structured to take three to five years to complete, they can also take longer. In fact, CBS News reported that the average doctoral student takes more than eight years to complete their PhD degree, and just 57 percent of PhD students will complete their doctoral studies within 10 years. Those who don’t manage to finish their PhD degree during this timeframe frequently drop out of school without receiving their degree, often with nothing to show for their many years of study and effort.

A shorter timeline to earning a degree does more than improve your odds of actually finishing the program as planned. Getting your degree in fewer semesters can save you the costs of additional tuition and fees, which can quickly add up to thousands—and potentially, tens of thousands—of dollars. It also allows you to start putting your doctoral education to work sooner, which means you start recouping on your investment in an advanced education earlier. Aside from the costs of actually going to school, there is an opportunity cost from being out of the workforce, especially if you plan to work in industry rather than academia. Shortening the time you’re in school can decrease this opportunity cost.

The time it takes to get your degree isn’t the only difference pertaining to the timing involved in earning a doctorate in engineering. There are also distinctions in the age and career level at which students typically begin working toward their EngD vs. their PhD. Generally, students pursuing a traditional Ph.D. degree often start their graduate coursework early in their careers. This typically means pushing back their entry into the workforce by several years. Students in a Doctor of Engineering program are often mid-career industry practitioners. As such, these doctoral students have a good deal of work experience under their belts already. Often, students pursuing a professional Doctor of Engineering degree are using graduate school to help them advance to senior-level roles.

On average, PhD students who start their degrees by age 25 are 33 by the time they graduate, and they typically have comparably little work experience outside of school. On the other hand, EngD students are often significantly older when they start working toward their doctorate, but as mid-career professionals, they bring plenty of work experience with them. Thus, a newly enrolled EngD student might be older than PhD graduates in their field, but they are still likely to spend less time in school overall and have more work experience.

The length of time it takes to earn your doctoral degree matters in part because so many students who begin pursuing a doctorate degree in engineering never complete their studies, according to U.S. News & World Report .

What to Expect From Doctorate of Engineering Curricula

As a doctoral student in engineering, you will take some of the most challenging upper-level classes available at a university. The exact curriculum you complete will vary depending on the school you enroll in and the discipline of engineering you choose to study at the doctoral level. Since doctoral program curricula often allow for considerable specialization and customization, the exact blend of classes you take may be unique to you.

A student pursuing a Doctor of Engineering Management degree , for example, might take classes in entrepreneurship and technology, logistics planning, research formulation for engineering management, technology commercialization, data analysis in engineering, applied optimization modeling and uncertainty analysis in engineering and cost engineering. Students pursuing a Doctor of Engineering in Systems Engineering might study the foundations of systems engineering, systems engineering processes, leadership and innovation in systems engineering, engineering project and program management and engineering risk analysis. Beyond their mandatory core coursework, though, these students may choose technical electives and depth or concentration courses that match their interests in areas ranging from cybersecurity to the grid integration of wind power systems.

Lessons that take place in a classroom or laboratory only make up part of the work that constitutes a Doctor of Engineering curriculum. Generally, students in these programs will have some opportunity to practice applying what they have learned in areas of praxis research or in the form of a professional internship experience. The student typically chooses the research area of their praxis, working in conjunction with an advisor, and then devotes considerable time and effort—though usually not on the same level as you might encounter in a PhD program—to conducting this research. Among Doctor of Engineering degree programs that require an internship instead of praxis research, the internship may be lengthy, often taking up to a year to complete. Naturally, the coursework you complete in the classroom and the lab and the work you do in research or a professional internship should fit together neatly for you to gain the full benefit of the Doctor of Engineering education and experience.

Whether you need a master’s degree or can jump straight to doctoral studies from your bachelor’s degree depends on different institutions, not only EngD vs. PhD programs. Some schools offer programs that follow both structures. Generally, a Doctor of Engineering degree program that accepts master’s degree students expects these applicants to have already completed graduate-level technical elective coursework, while programs that pick up where bachelor’s degrees leave off include this coursework. Keep this difference in mind when comparing the credit requirements and target graduation time between different Doctor of Engineering programs. A shorter EngD degree program is likely to require students to already hold a master’s degree, which means that you may be looking at another one to two years of study—and potentially even more, if you pursue a master’s degree part-time—than what the Doctor of Engineering program itself entails.

Where a PhD student must write and defend a dissertation, a student pursuing the EngD degree might instead work on a project or praxis research. 

Related Resources: 

Top 10 Highest Paying Engineering Careers

How Advanced Does My Degree in Engineering Need to Be to Get a Good Job?

What Is the Demand for a Graduate Degree in Engineering?

What Is the Fastest School for a Doctoral Degree in Engineering?

What Degree Do You Need to Be a Biomedical Engineer?

What Civil Engineering Courses Will I Have to Take for a Degree in Civil Engineering?

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Difference between EngD and PhD

The EngD programme ‘Design for AgriFood and Ecological Systems’ is focused on practice and on the needs of the industry and society, and less on gaining new scientific knowledge, such as for a PhD.

The objective of the programme for the Engineering Doctorate is to obtain knowledge about scientific ideas and methods and then apply this in a design. The study programme is therefore not focused on learning to develop new fundamental scientific knowledge (i.e. curiosity-driven research such as for a PhD), but on combining new and existing scientific knowledge from a variety of knowledge domains, with a focus on applying it in innovative designs and prototypes through the use of design methodologies.

The three most noticeable differences between a PhD and an EngD are:

• A PhD candidate focuses on research at the university, whereas an EngD candidate focuses on technological designs in industry and society
• A PhD programme has a duration of four years whereas the EngD takes two years to complete
• A PhD leads to the title “Doctor” (Dr., equivalent to PhD). The designer programme leads to an “Engineering Doctorate” (EngD).

EngD and the differences with a PhD

Engineering doctorate .

An EngD (Engineering Doctorate) programme is a 2-year post-master design programme focussing on the direct needs of the industry.

All EngD programmes are tailor-made in close cooperation with an industry partner. You will learn to design high-level, creative and innovative designs for complex issues, within a multidisciplinary team.

The University of Twente offers a diversity of Post-Master EngD programmes:

• Business & IT
• Civil Engineering
• Energy & Process Technology
• Maintenance

What can I expect from an EngD programme?

By combining an educational part at the University (~60 EC) and a practical design part at an organization (~60 EC), the programme offers academic research in a professional context.

• The courses in the educational part help you to further your professional development by providing the necessary (non)technological background to evaluate the effects of technology in the industrial context.
• During the practical part of the programme, you will spend time working in the industry on a challenging and innovative technological design project – a real problem that needs to be solved. You will be supervised by both engineers from the industry as well as by university staff. This ensures support in the areas of scientific knowledge, practical design experience and project management expertise.

EngD is open for a wide range of technically educated Master graduates, even if you're not graduated in one of the aforementioned specific fields. What matters is a perfect match between the specific design project and your MSc programme, your affinity with technological designs and your intrinsic motivation.

Difference between EngD and PhD

EngD is a practical-oriented professional doctorate in engineering which is better suited to the direct needs of industry, whereas a PhD track focuses on scientific research. The three most noticeable differences between a PhD and an EngD programme are:

• A PhD programme has a duration of 4 years, whereas an EngD programme takes 2 years to complete
• A PhD candidate focuses on research at the University, whereas an EngD trainee focuses on technological designs in the industry
• A PhD can be done in any research area represented by a full professor at the University and leads to the title “Doctor” (Dr., equivalent to a PhD). An EngD leads to an “Engineering Doctorate” (EngD) and can be taken at the University of Twente in 5 areas of expertise:

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Ph.D. and D.Eng. Programs

The dearborn difference.

The College of Engineering and Computer Science (CECS) offers 6 doctoral programs: 4 full-time Ph.D. programs and 2 Doctor of Engineering (D. Eng.) programs. In CECS, we are committed to excellence. Our doctoral programs are administered and taught by tenure-track faculty with active theoretical and translational research interests. Students and faculty work collaboratively and develop strong mentor relationships. 

Located in the automotive industry's global epicenter in Metro Detroit, the university has developed strategic partnerships with major automobile companies and suppliers. Faculty and students have a variety of opportunities and regularly collaborate on innovative research with industry partners. 

CECS Ph.D. Alumni Stories

Program options.

We offer both the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) and the Doctor of Engineering (D. Eng.)

• Ph.D. in Computer and Information Science
• Ph.D. in Electrical, Electronics, and Computer Engineering
• Ph.D. in Industrial and Systems Engineering
• Ph.D. in Mechanical Sciences and Engineering
• D.Eng. in Automotive Systems and Mobility
• D.Eng. in Electrical and Computer Engineering

Rackham Graduate School Ph.D. Programs

Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) : Full-time five-year research-based programs. The programs are designed to train and develop students to become academic and research scholars. The four Ph.D. programs of the Rackham Graduate School of the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor are located, administered, and offered by UM-Dearborn. These programs observe the standards for admissions, registration, degree requirements, awarding of degrees, and other administrative policies and regulations established by the Executive Board of the Rackham Graduate School. 

Funding Support for Ph.D. Programs: Our programs are fully-funded. We understand the financial commitment of continuing your education, and we want to help. Students admitted receiving full-funding in the form of an appointment as Graduate Student Instructor (GSI), Research Assistant (GSRA), or a combination of both. This covers a competitive monthly stipend, health insurance, and tuition waiver.

Programs for Working Professionals

Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng.) : Full-time or part-time program geared toward working professionals with prior professional experience in mobility and the automotive industry. This professional degree centers on engineering practice and application, problem-solving skills, and innovation to prepare graduates for technical leadership roles in industry. 

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Doctor of Engineering

Dr. Timothy Jacobs  serves as the program's department head and Dr. Chuck Wolf   serves as the program's academic advisor.

Program Information

The Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng.) Program prepares our students to work at the highest levels of the engineering profession. This program emphasizes solving problems that arise in using technologies beneficial to mankind. However, those problems and their solutions frequently affect society in nontechnical ways. Therefore, technological advances implemented through business and industry require direction by persons possessing both high technical competence and professional understanding of the social, political and institutional factors involved. Graduates of the D.Eng. Programs are uniquely qualified to fulfill that important role.

The program prepares individuals for professional engineering careers in business, industry and the public sector. It is not intended as a research degree nor as preparation for a faculty position at a research university. That is the province of the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) Degree. The D.Eng. program emphasizes engineering practice, public service and the development of leadership potential, not basic research.

D.Eng. graduates are prepared to move quickly into positions of responsibility and authority. Therefore, students are required to take courses in business and communications, supplemented by elective graduate courses. With this background, professional activities can and often do encompass both technical and nontechnical fields.

Positions of leadership call for interaction between technology and society; communication is required not only with other engineers but with other professionals, laymen and workers. The ability to think and express oneself clearly is essential. These needs are considered in the admission requirements and in the internship.

Admission Requirements

Individuals possessing a minimum of an ABET-accredited bachelor's degree in engineering may apply for program admission. Those persons applying with only a bachelor's degree must have a grade point average of at least 3.0/4.0. Individuals applying with a master's degree in engineering must have a grade point average of at least 3.25 for their overall graduate studies. Since the D.Eng. is a practice-oriented, professional degree, at least five years of fulltime engineering-related practice is an important factor considered for program admission.

How to apply

Contact Information

• Program Specialist IV, Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering
• Interim Graduate Advisor, Department of Multidisciplinary Engineering
• Office: ETB 1041K
• Phone: 979-845-0528
• Email: [email protected]

Doctor of Engineering Science

The Doctor of Engineering degree is officially designated Eng.Sc.D., but in practice is typically referred to as DES.  The engineering school’s official description of the DES program is here .

The PhD is the Computer Science Department’s primary doctoral program.  The Doctor of Engineering Science variant of the doctorate has identical academic requirements to the PhD program, described  here .  The most significant difference between PhD students and DES students is a DES student is expected to work for an employer who funds their tuition and other expenses to attend the doctoral program part-time; DES students receive  no funding from Columbia.  Although part-time, the DES is an in-person, on-campus program like the PhD and DES students are not permitted to attend remotely.  Note SEAS imposes a maximum time to degree of seven years despite the part-time status. There are also some differences in registration for PhD vs. DES students and in the application for defense . DES students should contact the department’s PhD Program Administrator ( [email protected] ) for assistance in registration and in filing the application for defense.

The department rarely approves the admission of part-time students , i.e., DES students, and then only if the DES applicant was recruited by a tenured or tenure-track member of the Computer Science Department faculty who asked to be the student’s research advisor.   DES students must be advised by a tenured or tenure-track Computer Science faculty member throughout the program; lack of an acceptable advisor is grounds for immediate dismissal.  DES applicants must already hold a masters degree in Computer Science or a strongly related field to be considered for admission.  Computer Science DES students cannot be admitted through the Columbia Video Network ( CVN ); only the department’s doctoral admissions committee can admit DES students.

Last updated on December 15, 2023.

Find open faculty positions here .

Computer Science at Columbia University

Upcoming events, in the news, press mentions, dean boyce's statement on amicus brief filed by president bollinger.

President Bollinger announced that Columbia University along with many other academic institutions (sixteen, including all Ivy League universities) filed an amicus brief in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York challenging the Executive Order regarding immigrants from seven designated countries and refugees. Among other things, the brief asserts that “safety and security concerns can be addressed in a manner that is consistent with the values America has always stood for, including the free flow of ideas and people across borders and the welcoming of immigrants to our universities.”

This recent action provides a moment for us to collectively reflect on our community within Columbia Engineering and the importance of our commitment to maintaining an open and welcoming community for all students, faculty, researchers and administrative staff. As a School of Engineering and Applied Science, we are fortunate to attract students and faculty from diverse backgrounds, from across the country, and from around the world. It is a great benefit to be able to gather engineers and scientists of so many different perspectives and talents – all with a commitment to learning, a focus on pushing the frontiers of knowledge and discovery, and with a passion for translating our work to impact humanity.

I am proud of our community, and wish to take this opportunity to reinforce our collective commitment to maintaining an open and collegial environment. We are fortunate to have the privilege to learn from one another, and to study, work, and live together in such a dynamic and vibrant place as Columbia.

Mary C. Boyce Dean of Engineering Morris A. and Alma Schapiro Professor

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Electrical Engineering PhD

The Electrical Engineering PhD program studies systems that sense, analyze, and interact with the world. You will learn how this practice is based on fundamental science and mathematics, creating opportunities for both theoretical and experimental research. Electrical engineers invent devices for sensing and actuation, designing physical substrates for computation, creating algorithms for analysis and control, and expanding the theory of information processing. You will get to choose from a wide range of research areas such as circuits and VLSI, computer engineering and architecture, robotics and control, and signal processing.

Electrical engineers at SEAS are pursuing work on integrated circuits for cellular biotechnology, millimeter-scale robots, and the optimization of smart power groups. Examples of projects current and past students have worked on include developing methods to trace methane emissions and improving models for hurricane predictions.

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PhD in Electrical Engineering Degree

Harvard School of Engineering offers a  Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)  degree in Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering , conferred through the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). Prospective students apply through the Harvard Griffin GSAS. In the online application, select  “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your program choice and select " PhD Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering ​."

The Electrical Engineering program does not offer an independent Masters Degree.

Electrical Engineering PhD Career Paths

Graduates of the program have gone on to a range of careers in industry in companies such as Tesla, Microsoft HoloLens, and IBM. Others have positions in academia at the University of Maryland, University of Michigan, and University of Colorado.

Admissions & Academic Requirements

Prospective students apply through the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin Graduate School of Arts and Sciences (Harvard Griffin GSAS). In the online application, select  “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your program choice and select "PhD Engineering Sciences: Electrical Engineering​." Please review the  admissions requirements and other information  before applying. Our website also provides  admissions guidance ,   program-specific requirements , and a  PhD program academic timeline .

Academic Background

Applicants typically have bachelor’s degrees in the natural sciences, mathematics, computer science, or engineering. In the application for admission, select “Engineering and Applied Sciences” as your degree program choice and your degree and area of interest from the “Area of Study“ drop-down. PhD applicants must complete the Supplemental SEAS Application Form as part of the online application process.

Standardized Tests

GRE General: Not Accepted

Electrical Engineering Faculty & Research Areas

View a list of our electrical engineering  faculty  and electrical engineering  affiliated research areas , Please note that faculty members listed as “Affiliates" or "Lecturers" cannot serve as the primary research advisor.  

Electrical Engineering Centers & Initiatives

View a list of the research  centers & initiatives  at SEAS and the  electrical engineering faculty engagement with these entities .

Graduate Student Clubs

Graduate student clubs and organizations bring students together to share topics of mutual interest. These clubs often serve as an important adjunct to course work by sponsoring social events and lectures. Graduate student clubs are supported by the Harvard Kenneth C. Griffin School of Arts and Sciences. Explore the list of active clubs and organizations .

Funding and Scholarship

Learn more about financial support for PhD students.

• How to Apply

Learn more about how to apply  or review frequently asked questions for prospective graduate students.

In Electrical Engineering

• Undergraduate Engineering at Harvard
• Concentration Requirements
• How to Declare
• Who are my Advisors?
• Sophomore Forum
• ABET Information
• Senior Thesis
• Research for Course Credit (ES 91R)
• AB/SM Information
• Peer Concentration Advisors (PCA) Program
• Student Organizations
• PhD Timeline
• PhD Model Program (Course Guidelines)
• Qualifying Exam
• Committee Meetings
• Committee on Higher Degrees
• Research Interest Comparison
• Collaborations
• Cross-Harvard Engagement
• Seminar Series
• Clubs & Organizations
• Centers & Initiatives
• Alumni Stories

Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng.) vs Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.)

Paresh asks :

"After reading so much helpful contents on this blog now I started the process for admission for PhD. At certain universities, I found PhD (Doctor of Philosophy) and Doctor of Engineering. What’s the exact difference between these two?"

D.Eng. vs Ph.D.

A Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng.) program prepares women and men to work at the highest levels of the engineering profession. This program emphasizes solving problems that arise from using technologies beneficial to mankind.

However, those problems and their solutions also frequently affect society at large in nontechnical ways.

Therefore, technological advances implemented through business and industry require direction by persons possessing both high technical competence and professional understanding of the social, political and institutional factors involved.

Graduates of the D.Eng. program are uniquely qualified to fulfill that important role.

This program prepares individuals for professional engineering careers in business, industry and the public sector.

It is not intended as a research degree nor as preparation for a faculty position at a research university. That is the province of the Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) program.

The D.Eng. program emphasizes engineering practice, public service and the development of leadership potential, not basic research.

D.Eng. graduates are prepared to move quickly into positions of responsibility and authority. Therefore, students are required to take courses in business and communications, supplemented by elective graduate courses.

With this background, professional activities can and often do encompass both technical and nontechnical fields.

Positions of leadership call for interaction between technology and society; communication is required not only with other engineers but also with other professionals, laymen, and workers.

The ability to think and express oneself clearly is essential. [Via TAMU ]

Related:  Yes or No: Is PhD Right for Me?

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consider revising TAMU link to: https://engineering.tamu.edu/mtde/academics/degrees/graduate/deng/index.html

Does any Indian University offer Doctor of Engineering (D.Eng) ?

Many schools in China offer doctor of engineering, such as Fudan University and Tongji University.

Real time examples would help me to know what exactly u r talking abt.. pls do it for me..

waiting eagerly sir/madam..

Brilliant work you guys are doing here! I want to know if a PhD applicant requires to have work experience. What if I am applying for a PhD in Management- would I need to have prior work ex?

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PsyD vs PhD in Psychology

When considering a graduate degree in psychology, students are confused between a Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) and a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in psychology. We will discuss what you need to know about PsyD vs PhD in psychology. This will help you choose one that fits your career goals.

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Psyd vs. phd in psychology.

Understanding the human mind and behavior is the core of psychology. This knowledge opens doors to counseling, social work, and marketing careers.

Your love of psychology can lead you to a fulfilling career. You can help others, from people to organizations. Both PsyD and PhD in psychology offer doctoral-level expertise in distinct focus areas. Let’s explore what makes the two programs different.

What is PsyD?

The PsyD, or Doctor of Psychology, is a doctoral degree to prepare graduates for clinical practice. Unlike a PhD that leans heavily towards research, a PsyD program prioritizes hands-on clinical training. This means you’ll spend a significant time of your studies improving the skills necessary to diagnose and treat mental health conditions.

PsyD programs typically focus on the following areas:

• Psychological assessment : Developing and interpreting tests to evaluate a person’s mental health and cognitive functioning.
• Psychotherapy theories and techniques : Learning various therapeutic approaches to treat different disorders.
• Psychopharmacology : Understanding the effects of medications used in mental health treatment (though prescribing medication may require additional training).
• Ethical and legal considerations : Navigating the ethical and legal aspects of practicing psychology.

PsyD programs also involve clinical practice. Students gain real-world experience working directly with patients under the supervision of licensed psychologists. This allows them to refine their skills, build confidence, and gain invaluable exposure to diverse clinical settings.

What is a PhD?

A PhD, or Doctor of Philosophy, in psychology , equips you with the knowledge and skills to become a leading researcher. Some PsyD programs may include research training. A PhD program is a deep dive into scientific psychology research. You’ll develop expertise in research methodology, including designing experiments, analyzing complex data, and interpreting results.

The core curriculum focuses on areas like:

• Statistics and research methods : Learning about the tools to conduct rigorous psychological research.
• Psychological theory and research : Gaining a deep understanding of existing psychological theories and research findings.
• Data analysis : Learning advanced statistical techniques to analyze and interpret research data.
• Grant writing : Developing the skills to secure funding for your own research projects.

PhD programs require students to work on a research project called a dissertation. This allows them to make an original contribution to psychological knowledge by conducting independent research.

Comparing PsyD and PhD in Psychology

Choosing the right doctoral program in psychology  is important for your career, whether you aspire to conduct research or focus on clinical practice.

Similarities

The PsyD and PhD programs require a master’s degree or equivalent for admission. In addition, both programs are competitive, with applicants needing a strong academic background and relevant experience. In terms of curriculum, both degrees cover foundational psychological theories, ethics, and an understanding of diverse populations. Standardized tests like the GRE are part of the enrollment requirements.

Differences

A PhD in Psychology tends to be research-oriented, preparing students for an academic or specialized research career. In contrast, a Psy.D. program focuses on clinical practice, aiming to develop your skills for therapeutic and assessment interventions.

A PhD generally provides more research opportunities, while a Psy.D. focuses more on practical clinical experience. Psychology PhD programs often take longer to complete  – usually around 5 to 7 years – compared to the shorter duration of 4 to 6 years for most Psy.D. programs.

Distinguishing Factors

One of the key distinguishing factors is the end goal of each program. If your goal is to enter into academia or high-level research positions, a PhD in Psychology is ideal. The reason is that it provides a strong emphasis on research and teaching.

On the other hand, if you’re looking for a career where you can work directly with clients and provide therapy, a Psy.D. is the better fit.

When Can a PsyD in Psychology Be Useful?

A Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) is ideal for those who aim to engage with patients directly in a clinical setting. With a PsyD, you’ll be trained in various therapeutic techniques, giving you the tools to support and understand your patients’ mental health needs.

Applications of a PsyD

• Clinical Practice : As a clinical psychologist, you can diagnose and treat mental health disorders, offering much-needed care.
• Healthcare Teams : Work collaboratively within healthcare systems, contributing psychological expertise to complement the physical healthcare other medical professionals provide.
• Private Practice : Establish your own practice, giving you the flexibility and autonomy to work with the patients you’re most passionate about helping.

Benefits and Opportunities

• Career Opportunities : A PsyD can lead to positions in hospitals, schools, private practice, or even corporate settings where psychological expertise is valued.
• Salary Potential : While salaries can vary widely based on location and specialty, your expertise as a PsyD may provide you with a competitive salary in the healthcare sector.
• Impact on Patients:  Directly influence and improve patient lives through various therapeutic modalities and personalized care.

When Can a PhD in Psychology be Useful?

A Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Psychology could be instrumental in your profession. Let’s look at where this degree can take you:

• Academia and Teaching : With a PhD, you can shape future generations of psychologists as a professor. Your days might consist of conducting lectures and seminars, assisting in departmental duties, and guiding graduate students.
• Research : A PhD equips you with the knowledge and skills to perform advanced psychological research. Whether in labs, universities, or private sectors, you could be at the forefront of discoveries in the field of psychology.
• Clinical Training : Although a Psy.D. is clinically focused, a PhD offers clinical training. If you want to combine research with practice, a PhD may fulfill that balance, allowing you to provide evidence-based therapies while conducting research.
• Career Opportunities Beyond Psychology : With the skills you acquire with a PhD, you can pursue rewarding careers in government agencies, nonprofit organizations, or consulting roles.

Your education in a PhD program would be thorough and often includes a combination of coursework, comprehensive exams, research projects, and a dissertation. Pursuing this degree positions you for a career that can influence the educational landscape, contribute to valuable research, and extend beyond traditional psychology roles.

Which is Better - A PsyD or a PhD in Psychology?

When choosing between a PsyD (Doctor of Psychology) and a PhD (Doctor of Philosophy in Psychology), your career goals significantly influence your decision. A PsyD might be better if you aim for a career in clinical practice, therapy, and patient care. On the other hand, a PhD is ideal for those who see themselves in research roles or academia, contributing to the science of psychology through research and teaching.

Clinical Practice

• PsyD : Focuses on practical, hands-on training in psychology. Great for those looking to interact directly with clients.
• PhD : Includes clinical training with a greater emphasis on research methodology.

Research Roles

• PsyD : Provides research training , less than a PhD.
• PhD : Prepares you for a career in psychological research. Conduct studies and publish findings.

Carefully consider how each degree aligns with your professional goals. For value for money, consider tuition and funding opportunities. Generally, psychology PhD programs can be costly , but they do offer more substantial funding options, such as assistantships that can reduce tuition costs.

If you value versatility, a PhD provides diverse opportunities, from teaching to consulting. Your scope with a PsyD can be equally broad and more clinically oriented. Some appreciate the PsyD’s practical focus, while others value the PhD’s research opportunities. Both degrees can lead to licensure and are respected in their fields.

Tips for Choosing Between a PsyD and a PhD

A PsyD is ideal for those who aim for clinical practice, focusing on therapy and counseling. In contrast, a PhD prepares you for a career in research or academia. Interests also play a key role. If your passion lies in applied psychological work and direct patient care, choose a PsyD. If you love teaching, theory, or scientific exploration, a PhD might be more suitable.

When looking at universities with strong psychology programs , ensure they offer robust programs with quality training opportunities. Regardless of your psychology degree preference , checking for accreditation is vital . Accredited programs meet professional and educational standards important for future licensure.

Your decision will influence the type of licensure you’ll be eligible for after graduation. Address this early by understanding the licensure requirements in your state or the region you wish to practice. This will ensure you choose a program that aligns with those goals. Keep in mind that the route to becoming a licensed psychologist often varies depending on your degree.

Psychology Careers Outside Clinic Psychology and Research

A PsyD and a PhD in psychology open diverse career paths  for you. Following are some careers outside the traditional clinical and research roles:

Jury Consultant

Ever wondered how courts select jurors? Jury consultants use psychology to help attorneys understand juror biases, personality traits, and decision-making processes. They assist courts in jury selection and develop strategies to present cases persuasively.

Forensic Psychologist

This role applies psychological principles to the legal system. Forensic psychologists consult with law enforcement , attorneys, and courts on various issues, such as criminal profiling, eyewitness testimony, and assessing competency to stand trial.

Rehabilitation Counselor

This role focuses on helping individuals with disabilities or chronic illnesses improve their quality of life. You’ll work with clients to develop rehabilitation plans, provide counseling support, and connect them with resources to address specific challenges.

Addiction Counselor

Specializing in substance abuse and addiction, addiction counselors provide vital support to individuals struggling with addiction. You’ll use evidence-based interventions like motivational interviewing and cognitive-behavioral therapy to help clients overcome addiction and build healthier lifestyles.

Sports Psychologist

Mental health plays a critical role in athletic performance. Sports psychologists use psychological principles to help athletes enhance focus, build confidence, manage stress, and achieve peak performance.

Related Questions

Do most psychologists have a phd or psyd.

A PhD is the more commonly held degree among professionals. This is due to its long-standing presence in the academic and research area compared to the PsyD.

What Is the Difference Between a Psychiatrist and a PsyD?

A psychiatrist is a medical doctor specializing in mental health, meaning they’ve pursued an MD or DO and are qualified to prescribe medication. In contrast, someone with a PsyD is an expert in therapy and psychological testing. They do not typically have a medical license.

What Are the Origins of a PsyD?

In the 1960s, the need for more rigorous clinical training instead of research led to the introduction of PsyD programs. Psychologists at the time recognized a gap in preparing professionals directly for working with patients, as opposed to solely research in a lab setting.

PsyD and PhD in psychology offer rewarding paths that cater to different passions. The PsyD equips you with direct patient care, while the PhD hones your research skills to push the boundaries of psychological knowledge. Remember, the degree you pursue shapes your contribution and journey in psychology.