Problem-Solving in Science and Technology Education
- First Online: 25 February 2023
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- Bulent Çavaş 13 ,
- Pınar Çavaş 14 &
- Yasemin Özdem Yılmaz 15
Part of the book series: Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education ((CTISE,volume 56))
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This chapter focuses on problem-solving, which involves describing a problem, figuring out its root cause, locating, ranking and choosing potential solutions, as well as putting those solutions into action in science and technology education. This chapter covers (1) what problem-solving means for science and technology education; (2) what the problem-solving processes are and how these processes can be used step-by-step for effective problem-solving and (3) the use of problem-solving in citizen science projects supported by the European Union. The chapter also includes discussion of and recommendations for future scientific research in the field of science and technology education.
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Faculty of Education, Dokuz Eylül University, Buca, Izmir, Türkiye
Bulent Çavaş
Faculty of Education, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Türkiye
Pınar Çavaş
Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Education, Muğla, Türkiye
Yasemin Özdem Yılmaz
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Teresa Kennedy
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Çavaş, B., Çavaş, P., Yılmaz, Y.Ö. (2023). Problem-Solving in Science and Technology Education. In: Akpan, B., Cavas, B., Kennedy, T. (eds) Contemporary Issues in Science and Technology Education. Contemporary Trends and Issues in Science Education, vol 56. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-24259-5_18
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structured problem solving. 7) Use inductive teaching strategies to encourage synthesis of mental models and for. moderately and ill-structured problem solving. 8) Within a problem exercise, help ...
In other words it is the way and manner in which the teacher presents his lessons to enable his students to acquire knowledge in the subject under consideration. Some of the Common Methods of Teaching Science at the Basic School includes: 1. Activity method 2. Discovery method 3.
To be termed problem solving, a method of inquiry must be based on gathering empirical and measurable evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning. In this method student is involved in finding out the answer to a given scientific problem and thus actually it is a type of scientific or discovery method. Problem solving method involves ...
The GOAL problem-solving strategy is based on the numerous research studies that have been published in recent years on how students learn to solve physics problems.7-19 Maloney's chapter in the Handbook of Research on Science Teaching and Learning is a thorough summary.14 Many of these studies, and most introductory physics
View the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. ... The traditional approach to teaching science problem solving is having the students work individually on a large number of problems. This approach has long been overtaken by research suggesting and testing other methods, which are expected to ...
Currently one of the most common methods for teaching science and technology at the university level is problem-solving (Dogru, 2008).A widely-used strategy with this approach is to organize didactic units articulated fundamentally as collections of problems.
The traditional teaching of science problem solving involves a considerable amount of drill and practice. Research suggests that these practices do not lead to the development of expert-like problem-solving strategies and that there is little correlation between the number of problems solved (exceeding 1,000 problems in one specific study) and the development of a conceptual understanding.
A systematic approach to solving problems and on designing instruction where students learn this approach.
The chapter contributes to the understanding of problem-solving as a teaching and learning method, major European Union projects using problem-solving strategies were investigated. The problem-solving strategies used in these projects were described briefly with references to the project documents or websites.
Section 4. Alternative Teaching Methods 3 approach a particular problem. Discuss these with your partner before you start. 4. Read the problem aloud. 5. Start to solve the problem on your own. You are solving the problem; your partner is only listening to you and reacting to what you say, not collaborating in the solu-tion. 6. Thinking aloud ...
Teaching and Learning Problem Solving in Science. Part I: A General Strategy. ... Four guidelines for teaching quantitative problem‐solving are presented, based on research results, and the analysis of students' difficulties is a good starting point for the development of a system of heuristics, Key Relation charts and for the design of ...
What is the problem solving method of teaching? Luther A. Mahan, Luther A. Mahan. Stout State University, Menomonie, Wisconsin. Search for more papers by this author. Luther A. Mahan, ... Unlimited viewing of the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures. Article/chapter can be printed. Article/chapter can be downloaded.
describing "the method of science" in terms of problem solving steps must be viewed as a rather naive interpretation of the nature of science. Representing these steps (i.e., recognizing that a prob lem exists, stating the problem in specific terms, formulating hypotheses, and so on) as the method of science at best
Abstract. Problem-based learning is a recognized teaching method in which complex real-world problems are used as the vehicle to promote student learning of concepts and principles as opposed to ...
and Evaluation in Science 2.4 ' PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH Problem Solving Approach for teaching science is a technique which provides children an opportunity to solve scientific problems quite independently or through guided approach by following systematic steps. When you want use this approach to teach a science topic,
Science Education. Volume 51, Issue 4 p. 332-343. Article. What is the problem solving method of teaching? Luther A. Mahan, Luther A. Mahan. Stout State University, Menomonie, Wisconsin. Search for more papers by this author. ... PDF. Tools. Request permission; Export citation; Add to favorites; Track citation; Share Share.
Abstract. Science education in schools is aimed at providing the knowledge of surrounding science, developing curiosity, scientific attitude and thinking skills. However, in terms of pedagogy, teaching science is limited in achieving the aim of providing knowledge, while the other aims require the use of methods for experiencing through hands ...
These methods, created using common properties, also lead to success in problem solving. Some of these problem-solving methods are divergent thinking, convergent thinking, brainstorming, lateral thinking, expanding or narrowing thinking, associating, comparing, combining, and utilizing objects and concepts. The basic steps of problem-solving ...
Implementation of problem-solving model in science learning to improve students' science process skills. The development stage consists of three steps: a) designing a prototype, b) performing a ...
Methods. Fifty-three students (M age 15 ± 0.1 years), in their 1st year of the Tunisian secondary education system, voluntarily participated in this study, and randomly assigned to a control or experimental group.Participants in the control group were taught using the traditional methods, whereas participants in the experimental group were taught using the problem-solving method.
principles and concept. PBL is both a teaching method and approach to the curriculum. It can develop critical thinking skill, problem solving abilities, communication skills and lifelong learning. The purpose of this study is to give the general idea of PBL in the context of language learning, as PBL has expanded in the areas of law,
Three examples of a problem solving heuristic are presented in Table 1. The first belongs to John Dewey, who explicated a method of problem solving in How We Think (1933). The second is George Polya's, whose method is mostly associated with problem solving in mathematics. The last is a more contemporary version
7.3.1 Demonstration Method. Demonstration method is an activity-centered method which is being used frequently in a science classroom. There are a number of concepts and theories in science, which can be explained to learners only by demonstration. Demonstration helps learners to learn through observation.