courses for better presentation skills

TED’s Official Public Speaking Course

Master a variety of communication skills with TED’s official public speaking course, now available on YouTube Courses. This course will teach you how to identify, develop and share your best ideas with the world.

YouTube Courses are currently only available in the United States, but YouTube is working on expanding into other regions in 2023.

The proceeds from this course support TED-Ed's nonprofit mission of creating and distributing free, high-quality animations.

Master the art of public speaking

• Craft them into compelling narratives.
• Present so that people want to listen.

Become a better communicator

• Establish a connection with your listeners.
• Give more persuasive presentations.
• Explain complex ideas.

© 2024 TED Conferences, LLC. All rights reserved. Please note that the TED Talks Usage policy does not apply to this content and is not subject to our creative commons license.

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What It Takes to Give a Great Presentation

• Carmine Gallo

Five tips to set yourself apart.

Never underestimate the power of great communication. It can help you land the job of your dreams, attract investors to back your idea, or elevate your stature within your organization. But while there are plenty of good speakers in the world, you can set yourself apart out by being the person who can deliver something great over and over. Here are a few tips for business professionals who want to move from being good speakers to great ones: be concise (the fewer words, the better); never use bullet points (photos and images paired together are more memorable); don’t underestimate the power of your voice (raise and lower it for emphasis); give your audience something extra (unexpected moments will grab their attention); rehearse (the best speakers are the best because they practice — a lot).

I was sitting across the table from a Silicon Valley CEO who had pioneered a technology that touches many of our lives — the flash memory that stores data on smartphones, digital cameras, and computers. He was a frequent guest on CNBC and had been delivering business presentations for at least 20 years before we met. And yet, the CEO wanted to sharpen his public speaking skills.

• Carmine Gallo is a Harvard University instructor, keynote speaker, and author of 10 books translated into 40 languages. Gallo is the author of The Bezos Blueprint: Communication Secrets of the World’s Greatest Salesman  (St. Martin’s Press).

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Ideas and insights from Harvard Business Publishing Corporate Learning

Powerful and Effective Presentation Skills: More in Demand Now Than Ever

When we talk with our L&D colleagues from around the globe, we often hear that presentation skills training is one of the top opportunities they’re looking to provide their learners. And this holds true whether their learners are individual contributors, people managers, or senior leaders. This is not surprising.

Effective communications skills are a powerful career activator, and most of us are called upon to communicate in some type of formal presentation mode at some point along the way.

For instance, you might be asked to brief management on market research results, walk your team through a new process, lay out the new budget, or explain a new product to a client or prospect. Or you may want to build support for a new idea, bring a new employee into the fold, or even just present your achievements to your manager during your performance review.

And now, with so many employees working from home or in hybrid mode, and business travel in decline, there’s a growing need to find new ways to make effective presentations when the audience may be fully virtual or a combination of in person and remote attendees.

Whether you’re making a standup presentation to a large live audience, or a sit-down one-on-one, whether you’re delivering your presentation face to face or virtually, solid presentation skills matter.

Even the most seasoned and accomplished presenters may need to fine-tune or update their skills. Expectations have changed over the last decade or so. Yesterday’s PowerPoint which primarily relied on bulleted points, broken up by the occasional clip-art image, won’t cut it with today’s audience.

The digital revolution has revolutionized the way people want to receive information. People expect presentations that are more visually interesting. They expect to see data, metrics that support assertions. And now, with so many previously in-person meetings occurring virtually, there’s an entirely new level of technical preparedness required.

The leadership development tools and the individual learning opportunities you’re providing should include presentation skills training that covers both the evergreen fundamentals and the up-to-date capabilities that can make or break a presentation.

So, just what should be included in solid presentation skills training? Here’s what I think.

The fundamentals will always apply When it comes to making a powerful and effective presentation, the fundamentals will always apply. You need to understand your objective. Is it strictly to convey information, so that your audience’s knowledge is increased? Is it to persuade your audience to take some action? Is it to convince people to support your idea? Once you understand what your objective is, you need to define your central message. There may be a lot of things you want to share with your audience during your presentation, but find – and stick with – the core, the most important point you want them to walk away with. And make sure that your message is clear and compelling.

You also need to tailor your presentation to your audience. Who are they and what might they be expecting? Say you’re giving a product pitch to a client. A technical team may be interested in a lot of nitty-gritty product detail. The business side will no doubt be more interested in what returns they can expect on their investment.

Another consideration is the setting: is this a formal presentation to a large audience with questions reserved for the end, or a presentation in a smaller setting where there’s the possibility for conversation throughout? Is your presentation virtual or in-person? To be delivered individually or as a group? What time of the day will you be speaking? Will there be others speaking before you and might that impact how your message will be received?

Once these fundamentals are established, you’re in building mode. What are the specific points you want to share that will help you best meet your objective and get across your core message? Now figure out how to convey those points in the clearest, most straightforward, and succinct way. This doesn’t mean that your presentation has to be a series of clipped bullet points. No one wants to sit through a presentation in which the presenter reads through what’s on the slide. You can get your points across using stories, fact, diagrams, videos, props, and other types of media.

Visual design matters While you don’t want to clutter up your presentation with too many visual elements that don’t serve your objective and can be distracting, using a variety of visual formats to convey your core message will make your presentation more memorable than slides filled with text. A couple of tips: avoid images that are cliched and overdone. Be careful not to mix up too many different types of images. If you’re using photos, stick with photos. If you’re using drawn images, keep the style consistent. When data are presented, stay consistent with colors and fonts from one type of chart to the next. Keep things clear and simple, using data to support key points without overwhelming your audience with too much information. And don’t assume that your audience is composed of statisticians (unless, of course, it is).

When presenting qualitative data, brief videos provide a way to engage your audience and create emotional connection and impact. Word clouds are another way to get qualitative data across.

Practice makes perfect You’ve pulled together a perfect presentation. But it likely won’t be perfect unless it’s well delivered. So don’t forget to practice your presentation ahead of time. Pro tip: record yourself as you practice out loud. This will force you to think through what you’re going to say for each element of your presentation. And watching your recording will help you identify your mistakes—such as fidgeting, using too many fillers (such as “umm,” or “like”), or speaking too fast.

A key element of your preparation should involve anticipating any technical difficulties. If you’ve embedded videos, make sure they work. If you’re presenting virtually, make sure that the lighting is good, and that your speaker and camera are working. Whether presenting in person or virtually, get there early enough to work out any technical glitches before your presentation is scheduled to begin. Few things are a bigger audience turn-off than sitting there watching the presenter struggle with the delivery mechanisms!

Finally, be kind to yourself. Despite thorough preparation and practice, sometimes, things go wrong, and you need to recover in the moment, adapt, and carry on. It’s unlikely that you’ll have caused any lasting damage and the important thing is to learn from your experience, so your next presentation is stronger.

How are you providing presentation skills training for your learners?

Manika Gandhi is Senior Learning Design Manager at Harvard Business Publishing Corporate Learning. Email her at [email protected] .

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6 presentation skills and how to improve them

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What are presentation skills?

The importance of presentation skills, 6 presentation skills examples, how to improve presentation skills.

Tips for dealing with presentation anxiety

Learn how to captivate an audience with ease

Capturing an audience’s attention takes practice. 

Over time, great presenters learn how to organize their speeches and captivate an audience from start to finish. They spark curiosity, know how to read a room , and understand what their audience needs to walk away feeling like they learned something valuable.

Regardless of your profession, you most likely use presentation skills on a monthly or even weekly basis. Maybe you lead brainstorming sessions or host client calls. 

Developing effective presentation skills makes it easier to contribute ideas with confidence and show others you’re someone to trust. Although speaking in front of a crowd sometimes brings nerves and anxiety , it also sparks new opportunities.

Presentation skills are the qualities and abilities you need to communicate ideas effectively and deliver a compelling speech. They influence how you structure a presentation and how an audience receives it. Understanding body language , creating impactful visual aids, and projecting your voice all fall under this umbrella.

A great presentation depends on more than what you say. It’s about how you say it. Storytelling , stage presence, and voice projection all shape how well you express your ideas and connect with the audience. These skills do take practice, but they’re worth developing — especially if public speaking makes you nervous. 

Engaging a crowd isn’t easy. You may feel anxious to step in front of an audience and have all eyes and ears on you.

But feeling that anxiety doesn’t mean your ideas aren’t worth sharing. Whether you’re giving an inspiring speech or delivering a monthly recap at work, your audience is there to listen to you. Harness that nervous energy and turn it into progress.

Strong presentation skills make it easier to convey your thoughts to audiences of all sizes. They can help you tell a compelling story, convince people of a pitch , or teach a group something entirely new to them. And when it comes to the workplace, the strength of your presentation skills could play a part in getting a promotion or contributing to a new initiative.

To fully understand the impact these skills have on creating a successful presentation, it’s helpful to look at each one individually. Here are six valuable skills you can develop:

1. Active listening

Active listening is an excellent communication skill for any professional to hone. When you have strong active listening skills, you can listen to others effectively and observe their nonverbal cues . This helps you assess whether or not your audience members are engaged in and understand what you’re sharing. 

Great public speakers use active listening to assess the audience’s reactions and adjust their speech if they find it lacks impact. Signs like slouching, negative facial expressions, and roaming eye contact are all signs to watch out for when giving a presentation.

2. Body language

If you’re researching presentation skills, chances are you’ve already watched a few notable speeches like TED Talks or industry seminars. And one thing you probably noticed is that speakers can capture attention with their body language. 

A mixture of eye contact, hand gestures , and purposeful pacing makes a presentation more interesting and engaging. If you stand in one spot and don’t move your body, the audience might zone out.

3. Stage presence

A great stage presence looks different for everyone. A comedian might aim for more movement and excitement, and a conference speaker might focus their energy on the content of their speech. Although neither is better than the other, both understand their strengths and their audience’s needs. 

Developing a stage presence involves finding your own unique communication style . Lean into your strengths, whether that’s adding an injection of humor or asking questions to make it interactive . To give a great presentation, you might even incorporate relevant props or presentation slides.

4. Storytelling

According to Forbes, audiences typically pay attention for about 10 minutes before tuning out . But you can lengthen their attention span by offering a presentation that interests them for longer. Include a narrative they’ll want to listen to, and tell a story as you go along. 

Shaping your content to follow a clear narrative can spark your audience’s curiosity and entice them to pay careful attention. You can use anecdotes from your personal or professional life that take your audience along through relevant moments. If you’re pitching a product, you can start with a problem and lead your audience through the stages of how your product provides a solution.

5. Voice projection

Although this skill may be obvious, you need your audience to hear what you’re saying. This can be challenging if you’re naturally soft-spoken and struggle to project your voice.

Remember to straighten your posture and take deep breaths before speaking, which will help you speak louder and fill the room. If you’re talking into a microphone or participating in a virtual meeting, you can use your regular conversational voice, but you still want to sound confident and self-assured with a strong tone.

If you’re unsure whether everyone can hear you, you can always ask the audience at the beginning of your speech and wait for confirmation. That way, they won’t have to potentially interrupt you later.

Ensuring everyone can hear you also includes your speed and annunciation. It’s easy to speak quickly when nervous, but try to slow down and pronounce every word. Mumbling can make your presentation difficult to understand and pay attention to.

6. Verbal communication 

Although verbal communication involves your projection and tone, it also covers the language and pacing you use to get your point across. This includes where you choose to place pauses in your speech or the tone you use to emphasize important ideas.

If you’re giving a presentation on collaboration in the workplace , you might start your speech by saying, “There’s something every workplace needs to succeed: teamwork.” By placing emphasis on the word “ teamwork ,” you give your audience a hint on what ideas will follow.

To further connect with your audience through diction, pay careful attention to who you’re speaking to. The way you talk to your colleagues might be different from how you speak to a group of superiors, even if you’re discussing the same subject. You might use more humor and a conversational tone for the former and more serious, formal diction for the latter.

Everyone has strengths and weaknesses when it comes to presenting. Maybe you’re confident in your use of body language, but your voice projection needs work. Maybe you’re a great storyteller in small group settings, but need to work on your stage presence in front of larger crowds. 

The first step to improving presentation skills is pinpointing your gaps and determining which qualities to build upon first. Here are four tips for enhancing your presentation skills:

1. Build self-confidence

Confident people know how to speak with authority and share their ideas. Although feeling good about your presentation skills is easier said than done, building confidence is key to helping your audience believe in what you’re saying. Try practicing positive self-talk and continuously researching your topic's ins and outs.

If you don’t feel confident on the inside, fake it until you make it. Stand up straight, project your voice, and try your best to appear engaged and excited. Chances are, the audience doesn’t know you’re unsure of your skills — and they don’t need to.

Another tip is to lean into your slideshow, if you’re using one. Create something colorful and interesting so the audience’s eyes fall there instead of on you. And when you feel proud of your slideshow, you’ll be more eager to share it with others, bringing more energy to your presentation.

2. Watch other presentations

Developing the soft skills necessary for a good presentation can be challenging without seeing them in action. Watch as many as possible to become more familiar with public speaking skills and what makes a great presentation. You could attend events with keynote speakers or view past speeches on similar topics online.

Take a close look at how those presenters use verbal communication and body language to engage their audiences. Grab a notebook and jot down what you enjoyed and your main takeaways. Try to recall the techniques they used to emphasize their main points, whether they used pauses effectively, had interesting visual aids, or told a fascinating story.

3. Get in front of a crowd

You don’t need a large auditorium to practice public speaking. There are dozens of other ways to feel confident and develop good presentation skills.

If you’re a natural comedian, consider joining a small stand-up comedy club. If you’re an avid writer, participate in a public poetry reading. Even music and acting can help you feel more comfortable in front of a crowd.

If you’d rather keep it professional, you can still work on your presentation skills in the office. Challenge yourself to participate at least once in every team meeting, or plan and present a project to become more comfortable vocalizing your ideas. You could also speak to your manager about opportunities that flex your public speaking abilities.

4. Overcome fear

Many people experience feelings of fear before presenting in front of an audience, whether those feelings appear as a few butterflies or more severe anxiety. Try grounding yourself to shift your focus to the present moment. If you’re stuck dwelling on previous experiences that didn’t go well, use those mistakes as learning experiences and focus on what you can improve to do better in the future.

Tips for dealing with presentation anxiety 

It’s normal to feel nervous when sharing your ideas. In fact, according to a report from the Journal of Graduate Medical Education, public speaking anxiety is prevalent in 15–30% of the general population .

Even though having a fear of public speaking is common, it doesn’t make it easier. You might feel overwhelmed, become stiff, and forget what you were going to say. But although the moment might scare you, there are ways to overcome the fear and put mind over matter.

Use these tactics to reduce your stress when you have to make a presentation:

1. Practice breathing techniques

If you experience anxiety often, you’re probably familiar with breathing techniques for stress relief . Incorporating these exercises into your daily routine can help you stop worrying and regulate anxious feelings. 

Before a big presentation, take a moment alone to practice breathing techniques, ground yourself, and reduce tension. It’s also a good idea to take breaths throughout the presentation to speak slower and calm yourself down .

2. Get organized

The more organized you are, the more prepared you’ll feel. Carefully outline all of the critical information you want to use in your presentation, including your main talking points and visual aids, so you don’t forget anything. Use bullet points and visuals on each slide to remind you of what you want to talk about, and create handheld notes to help you stay on track.

3. Embrace moments of silence

It’s okay to lose your train of thought. It happens to even the most experienced public speakers once in a while. If your mind goes blank, don’t panic. Take a moment to breathe, gather your thoughts, and refer to your notes to see where you left off. You can drink some water or make a quick joke to ease the silence or regain your footing. And it’s okay to say, “Give me a moment while I find my notes.” Chances are, people understand the position you’re in.

4. Practice makes progress

Before presenting, rehearse in front of friends and family members you trust. This gives you the chance to work out any weak spots in your speech and become comfortable communicating out loud. If you want to go the extra mile, ask your makeshift audience to ask a surprise question. This tests your on-the-spot thinking and will prove that you can keep cool when things come up.

Whether you’re new to public speaking or are a seasoned presenter, you’re bound to make a few slip-ups. It happens to everyone. The most important thing is that you try your best, brush things off, and work on improving your skills to do better in your next presentation.

Although your job may require a different level of public speaking than your favorite TED Talk , developing presentation skills is handy in any profession. You can use presentation skills in a wide range of tasks in the workplace, whether you’re sharing your ideas with colleagues, expressing concerns to higher-ups, or pitching strategies to potential clients.

Remember to use active listening to read the room and engage your audience with an interesting narrative. Don’t forget to step outside your comfort zone once in a while and put your skills to practice in front of a crowd. After facing your fears, you’ll feel confident enough to put presentation skills on your resume.

If you’re trying to build your skills and become a better employee overall, try a communications coach with BetterUp. 

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Elizabeth Perry is a Coach Community Manager at BetterUp. She uses strategic engagement strategies to cultivate a learning community across a global network of Coaches through in-person and virtual experiences, technology-enabled platforms, and strategic coaching industry partnerships. With over 3 years of coaching experience and a certification in transformative leadership and life coaching from Sofia University, Elizabeth leverages transpersonal psychology expertise to help coaches and clients gain awareness of their behavioral and thought patterns, discover their purpose and passions, and elevate their potential. She is a lifelong student of psychology, personal growth, and human potential as well as an ICF-certified ACC transpersonal life and leadership Coach.

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Best Presentation Skills Training

The ability to present your ideas confidently and persuasively is the single greatest skill you can learn to succeed in a globally competitive world. Here are the best Presentation Skills Training courses to you to help you achieve this.

What Makes an Effective Presentation?

Futurelearn.

On this course, you will have the opportunity to discuss the features of an effective presentation and investigate how to design and develop your own presentation. You will explore effective presentation techniques to help you evaluate and improve your presentation skills.

Course link:  Learn more

Auther: Andrew Preshous

Presenting on Video (with Online Practice)

Virtualspeech.

Learn how to deliver successful video-based presentations on Zoom, Webex and more. Then you have the unique opportunity to practice, improve and build your confidence in our virtual presentation simulator.

Auther: Dom Barnard

High Impact Presentation

Dale carnegie.

Effective communication is critical in any role. Whether you are persuading colleagues, selling to a client, or energizing a team, the power of your presentation makes the difference between success and failure. This course teaches how to properly execute your presentation and stand out from the crowd.

Auther: Multiple

Seth Godin on Presenting to Persuade

Instead of focusing on the craft of making slides, Seth Godin takes you on a journey to understand what your presentation is actually for. He'll help you see that a presentation is a unique and powerful opportunity, a chance to be heard, a moment where you have the leverage to make something happen.

Auther: Seth Godin

Presenting Made Brilliant

Rada business.

This online course is an intensive, practical course that takes the focus away from what you present and instead focuses on how you present. You are taught how to build a confident and credible presence in highly pressured environments, how to open and close presentations convincingly, and more.

Auther: Jem Stein

Professional Business Presentations

This course discusses how to effectively create presentations with quality formatting, the proper design elements and organization. The learner will identify the proper presentation format and software for their audience.

Auther: Debora Sepich

The Art of Effective Presentations

Pluralsight.

Tell a story, engage the audience, leave them inspired. This course provides a roadmap for delivering effective presentations and motivating an audience through forming your message, designing visuals and demos, preparing for the unexpected, and effective delivery strategies.

Auther: John Papa

Presenting with Confidence

Learn how to present confidently to hook your audiences, stakeholders, and colleagues, keep them engaged and leave a lasting impression. Make an impact whether online or in-person.

Auther: Gagan Singh

Design Better Presentations

Creativelive.

This class will teach you basic design principles you can apply to your presentation decks. You’ll learn how to work with type, color and image and lay out information with confidence. You’ll also Identify what type of presenter you are and design your presentation to support this.

Auther: Lara McCormick

Establishing Credibility as a Speaker

Linkedin learning.

Audiences will assess the credibility of presenters before they even begin speaking. In this course, Laura Bergells shares techniques that help speakers develop personal credibility. She shows you how to earn the attention and interest of your audience right away by using key nonverbal and emotional skills.

Auther: Laura Bergells

HARVARD UNIVERSITY

Through stories, videos and case examples, this program offers an actionable, step-by-step method anyone can adopt to create and deliver inspiring in person or virtual presentations that are engaging, persuasive and memorable.

Auther: Carmine Gallo

Mastering Presentation Design

Taking the time to customize decks to match an audience's style or to fit the mood of the project will set the best possible stage for your ideas or offer. You’ll learn step-by-step how to research visual styles, source free high-quality images and fonts, create strong layouts, customize slides to sell your ideas or project, and lots more.

Auther: Lara Evens

Data Analysis and Presentation Skills: the PwC Approach

Explore how a combination of better understanding, filtering, and application of data can help you solve problems faster - leading to smarter and more effective decision-making. You'll learn how to present data to others in a way that gets them engaged in your story and motivated to act.

Auther: Alex Mannella

Communication Skills and Teamwork

Effective writing and presentation skills are essential for career success. Learn how to create and deliver high-impact communications, improve your soft skills, and effectively lead and collaborate on teams.

Auther: Jim Pautz

Designing a Presentation

In this course, designer Tony Harmer takes you through the essentials of presentation design to give you the tools you'll find most useful in thinking about, designing, and building successful presentations. Tony covers a variety of key topics, including mood boards, layout, color considerations, type, graphics and images, charts, transitions, and animations.

Auther: Tony Harmer

High-Impact Presentations (with Online Practice)

High-stakes presentations require more than just basic presentation skills. They require professional-level delivery techniques and the confidence to deliver at the highest level in any business setting. This course teaches you how to execute important presentations, which you can then practice in interactive exercises.

Auther: Julian Mayhew

Become a confident public speaker and deliver engaging presentations. Learn tools to overcome self-doubt so you can build your confidence, strategies to create your content, performance techniques to help you stay grounded and calm, and more.

Auther: Cherokee Lebon

13 Best + Free Presentation Skills Courses [2024 May] [UPDATED]

Giving presentations is crucial in today’s modern world. To succeed in one’s career, one must know the art of creating and delivering presentations. The best free and paid presentation courses are listed below. Have a look at our list of Best PowerPoint Courses .

13 Best + Free Presentation Skills Courses, Classes & Certifications [2024 May] [UPDATED]

Presentation skills secrets course: delivering the talk of your life (udemy).

The presentation skill secrets program includes topics like storytelling and creating audience maps. Learn about the types of content and how to extract and categorize information. Understand how to create emotional variety and sequence content. Know how to engage your senses during the communication process. Learn about topics like multisensory augmentation and know rehearsing tips . Understand the seven steps of the talk development journey. Know how to create effective PowerPoint presentations. The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee for students who are not satisfied with the course content.

Highlights-

-Students will receive a certificate after completing the program.

-Understand concepts like the SUCCESS model, signals, and noise.

-PDF worksheets help students practice their communication skills.

-The program is compatible with both a mobile phone and a television screen.

Duration: Self Paced

Rating: 4.4 out of 5

You can Sign up Here

PowerPoint Presentation Course- design PowerPoint slides (Udemy)

The PowerPoint Presentation course will help you create engaging presentations for an audience. Understand how to work with text, slide layout, and transitions. Know the best design practices that you can follow. Understand the features of Microsoft PowerPoint-like editing paths and vector objects . Students must have access to Microsoft PowerPoint (version 2013 or later) before opting for the program. The modules are suitable for beginners.

-Students have lifetime access to the study material in the modules.

-Learners will receive a certificate after completing the course.

-Students can access a list of resources to help them create effective presentations.

The Complete Presentation and Public Speaking/Speech Course (Udemy)

The Presentation course covers understanding your audience and writing content relevant to them. Know how to appeal to your audience’s emotions. Understand how to start a presentation and introduce new speakers. Know how to structure content, overcome writer’s block, and end a presentation. Understand how you can obtain feedback on your presentation . Know how to critique a presentation and present your content by having the appropriate body language . The modules are suitable for beginners. Learners do not need to have any prior knowledge of giving or creating presentations. The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee.

-Understand how to customize images and add photographs to enhance your presentations.

-Students can preview some video lectures before purchasing the program.

-Know how to relax and be in a proper mental state while delivering presentations.

Confidence on Camera: Make Amazing Videos, Easily. (Udemy)

The Confidence on Camera program will help students learn to overcome their fears. Understand how to structure talking points and exercise your voice. Know how to create videos and have the correct body language. Understand how you can create a good first impression by working on your appearance . Learn tips for setting up lighting and how to decide the best equipment. The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee. Students need to have access to a video recording device and basic lighting equipment before pursuing the course.

-Students can preview some video courses before opting for the program.

-Learn tips for mental well-being that can help you during uncertain times.

-Understand time management and how you can set realistic goals.

-Resources like guide lists help students understand concepts in the modules better.

Rating: 4.6 out of 5

Related: High Income Skills You Can Learn Online

Complete Presentation Skills Masterclass for Every Occasion (Udemy)

The complete presentation skills course covers topics like body language and incorporating storytelling in presentations. Learn presentation skills from famous personalities like authors, leaders, and celebrities . Understand how you can eliminate your fear of public speaking . Know how presentation skills vary depending upon the event, like a workplace meeting or a wedding. Understand the best ways to motivate your audience . Know how to end and start presentations and choose a presentation topic. The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee for students who are not satisfied with the course content.

Public Speaking and Presentations Pro: No Beginners Allowed! (Udemy)

The public speaking course includes topics like engaging your audience and becoming confident. Know how to tailor your presentations according to the needs of the target audience. Understand how to use your body language and facial expressions . Know how you can answer the questions of your audience and speak at an appropriate pace. Understand how to be enthusiastic and handle any distractions. Know how to identify your key strengths while presenting. The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee for students who are not satisfied with the course content. The program is not suitable for beginner-level students.

-Learn the four presentation styles of keynote speakers and how to use them during presentations.

-Know how to incorporate humor in your presentations and use media to your advantage.

Seth Godin on Presenting to Persuade (Udemy)

The presenting to persuade course will help you make presentations using either PowerPoint or Keynote. Learn the ten principles of effective slide design. View sample presentations and understand how to improve your presentations . The program includes a 30-Day-Money-Back-Guarantee for students who are not satisfied with the course content. The modules are appropriate for beginner-level learners. The program is for entrepreneurs, managers, fundraisers, public speakers, and people who need to make Presentations for work.

-Students can preview some video lectures before opting for the program.

Duration: 1 hour of video (Self-Paced)

Free Course Trial – Effective Communication: Writing, Design, and Presentation Specialization by University of Colorado (Coursera)

The effective presentations course covers business writing, graphic design, and presentation skills.  Learn the tools you can use to improve your writing and how to give your content a proper structure. Know how to create professional reports and resumes. Understand how to react to criticism and deliver presentations confidently. The program is suitable for beginner-level learners. Access to presentation software like Microsoft PowerPoint, Google Slides , or Apple Keynote is required before pursuing the program . Learners can opt for financial aid if they are unable to afford the program fee.

Highlights –

-Learners can complete the applied learning project and create a memo and slide deck.

-Assignments and quizzes help students test their knowledge of the concepts in the course.

-The program deadlines are flexible, and learners can change them according to their convenience.

-Discussion forums enable learners to discuss concepts in the program with other learners.

-Students can create study notes within the modules and read the video transcripts.

-The program subtitles are available in languages like Chinese, Italian, Arabic, and French.

Rating: 4.8 out of 5

Related: How to Speak Like a CEO

Free Course Trial – Data Analysis and Presentation Skills: the PwC Approach Specialization (Coursera)

The data analysis and presentation skills course covers topics like data-driven decision making and problem-solving. Understand how to build databases and data models using Microsoft Excel. Understand how to create presentations with supporting data and incorporate effective visuals. The program is for beginner-level students. Learners need to have access to Microsoft Excel 2013 to complete the exercises in the course . Learners who opt for the course will be invited to be a part of PwC’s talent network. Students can opt to receive financial aid if they are unable to afford the program fee.

-Students will receive a certificate if they opt for the paid version of the program.

-The program has flexible deadlines, and learners can reset them according to their convenience.

-Peer discussion groups help students share their knowledge with each other.

-Students can create study notes within the modules.

-Learners will solve mock client problems in the capstone project that will help them test their knowledge.

Rating: 4.7 out of 5

Free Course Trial – Dynamic Public Speaking Specialization by University of Washington (Coursera)

The dynamic public speaking course will help you learn how to be a confident speaker. Understand how you can prepare speeches for various occasions. Know the delivery techniques for voice and how to use movement and gestures. Understand speechwriting techniques and know how to discuss evidence and frame topics. Know how you can motivate your audience and frame arguments . Learn how to explain complex ideas clearly and incorporate storytelling and humor in your speeches. The program is for beginner-level students. Learners can opt to receive financial aid if they are unable to afford the program fee.

-The program deadlines are flexible, and students can reset them according to their convenience.

-Students can complete the applied learning project and record or practice speeches.

-The modules have subtitles in various languages like Arabic, French, Chinese, and Italian.

-Assignments and quizzes help students test their knowledge of the concepts in the program.

-Learn how to speak from notes or manuscripts and design clear presentations.

Inspired Presentation Skills (Dale Carnegie)

The presentation courses cover how to present complex material and communicate clearly . Know how to create presentations that have an impact on the target audience. Learn how you can overcome your fear of public speaking. Understand tips you can follow to compel listeners to take action. Understand how to structure presentations. Do have a look at our take on Best Communication skills Courses .

-Some programs help learners obtain unlimited access to programs for one year.

Duration: Variable

Rating: 4.3 out of 5

Online Presentation Skills Training Seminars (American Management Association)

The online presentation skills course includes topics like speaking in a persuasive manner and being confident . Understand how you can create PowerPoint presentations using data from Excel . Know how to understand your emotional triggers. Understand how you can improve your visual storytelling skills. Understand how you can build a professional brand for yourself.

-Know how to combine verbal and non-verbal techniques to communicate efficiently.

-Understand concepts like leadership, emotional intelligence, and managing emotions under stress.

Related: How to Become a Marketing Thought Leader

Individual and Corporate Training Programs (Effective Presentations)

Learners can opt for hands-on remote workshops, personalized coaching, or 1-hour remote workshops. The sessions are conducted face-to-face with a Nationally Certified instructor . Students will receive constructive and immediate feedback from an expert. Check out our curation of Best Excel Courses .

-Learn how to build meaningful relationships with your target audience.

-Know how you can notice verbal and non-verbal cues.

-Understand how you can overcome your fears in social settings.

-Know how you can persuade others with your thoughts.

Presentation Skills: Speechwriting, Slides and Delivery Specialization by National Research Tomsk State University (Coursera)

Program has been discontinued

The presentation skills program covers topics like storytelling and speechwriting. Understand how to talk about facts and figures confidently. Learn how to ensure that PowerPoint slides are clear and use the correct format. Understand how factors like typology, color schemes, and photographs can impact the quality of a presentation. Learn how to interact with your audience, answer questions, and ensure the correct voice pace . Know how to cope with fear and anxiety before a significant presentation. Students must have a basic understanding of Microsoft PowerPoint or Apple Keynote before opting for the program. The course is suitable for beginner-level students.

-Students will receive a certificate after completing the course.

-The program deadlines are flexible, and learners can pursue the course as per their convenient time.

-Discussion forums help students discuss concepts in the course with other learners.

-Quizzes, reading material, and assignments help learners test their knowledge of the concepts in the modules.

-The public speaking project will help students create and deliver a presentation to test their skills.

Presentation skills: Designing Presentation Slides by National Research Tomsk State University (Coursera)

The presentation skills course covers key elements of design, colors, fonts, and templates. Understand typography and photographic illustrations . Know how to use photographs and vector art in your slides. Learn how to create diagrams and charts. Students can opt to receive financial aid if they are unable to afford the program fee.

-Learners will receive a certificate after completing the program.

-The course deadlines are flexible, and students can reset them according to their convenience.

-Learn through quizzes, a list of reading material, and assignments.

-The modules are available in multiple languages like French, Korean, German, and Spanish.

-Discussion forums enable students to discuss topics in the program with others.

Enroll in the above presentation skills courses to grow in your career. We hope you discovered a program that meets your requirements. The course will help you succeed in delivering your message to your target audience.

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Free Google courses to level up your AI skills

Are you curious about artificial intelligence (AI) and its growing impact on the world? Whether you're a complete beginner or looking to expand your existing knowledge, Google is currently offering a range of free courses on a variety of topics, including AI and machine learning. Here is a quick list of some introductory-level, free courses you can take in Google's Cloud Skill Boost platform to improve your knowledge and understanding of AI and the subject's many principles.

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If you're interested in learning about how AI tools such as ChatGPT and Gemini work, Google's 'Introduction to Generative AI Learning Path' is a good place to start. Consisting of video lectures, reading materials, and a quiz - the completion of which will earn you a 'Completion Badge, this learning path is a recommended option for beginner learners. It consists of the following three lecture-based courses.

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Introduction to generative ai.

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Introduction to Large Language Models (LLMs)

Dive deeper into the world of LLMs. This course explores what these AI models are, the exciting possibilities they offer, and how to fine-tune them for even better performance. You will also be introduced to tools with which you can create your own generative AI applications.

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This course explores the concept of responsible AI, its importance, and Google's commitment to ethical AI practices. While introductory level, this course is a must-try if you want to get into the industrial standards and practices of AI, including being familiarised with Google's 7 AI principles.

Expanding your knowledge

For a broader understanding of AI's potential, explore these additional courses. These are also introductory-level courses, but you might still need other complementary introductory-level courses mentioned in this list to fully grasp all the learning content.

Innovating with Google Cloud Artificial Intelligence

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This course delves into diffusion models, a cutting-edge technology powering many image generation tools. Learn the theory behind these models and how they can be trained and deployed using Google Cloud's Vertex AI platform.

Deepening your expertise

If you're ready to take a step further and gain hands-on experience, consider these in-depth courses. While these are still considered introductory-level courses, it is recommended to go through the previously mentioned courses first before tackling these ones. 

Prompt Design in Vertex AI

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This course is expected to take about 5 hours and 15 minutes to complete. You can try out this course here .

Responsible AI: Applying AI Principles with Google Cloud

This course is part of the 'Google Cloud Next 2023 Learning Path', which is dedicated to understanding more about the deeper workings of Google Cloud. With it, you will explore how Google Cloud integrates responsible AI principles into its products and services, offering valuable insights for your own AI endeavours.

This course is expected to take about 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete. You can try out this course here .

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বড় শহরে বিজেপি, পিছিয়ে পড়া অঞ্চলে কংগ্রেসের জোট এগিয়ে

এখন পর্যন্ত ফলাফলে দেখা যাচ্ছে, বিজেপি একক সংখ্যাগরিষ্ঠতা না পেলেও, টানা তৃতীয়বারের মতো ক্ষমতায় যাচ্ছে।

ছাত্রত্ব হারানো গালিব মিথ্যা পরিচয়ে হয়েছেন রাবি ছাত্রলীগের সা. সম্পাদক

• Open access
• Published: 31 May 2024

Freely available, online videos to support neurological physiotherapists and students in task-specific training skill acquisition: a scoping review

• Nicola C.M. Towersey 1 ,
• Kelvin Sasse 1 ,
• Verna Stavric 1 ,
• Gemma Alder 1 &
• Nicola L. Saywell 1  

BMC Medical Education volume  24 , Article number:  603 ( 2024 ) Cite this article

78 Accesses

Metrics details

Videos to support learning of clinical skills are effective; however, little is known about the scope and educational quality of the content of freely available online videos demonstrating task-specific training (TST). This review aimed to determine the extent, characteristics of freely available online videos, and whether the content is suitable to guide skill acquisition of task-specific training for neurological physiotherapists and students.

A scoping review was conducted. Google video and YouTube were searched in December 2022. Videos that met our eligibility criteria and were explicitly designed for (TST) skill acquisition were included in the report.

Ten videos met the inclusion criteria and were difficult to find amongst the range of videos available. Most were presented by physiotherapists or occupational therapists, originated from the USA, featured stroke as the condition of the person being treated, and involved a range of interventions (upper limb, constraint induced movement therapy, balance, bicycling). Most videos were created by universities or private practices and only two used people with a neurological condition as the participant. When the content of videos and their presentation (instruction and/or demonstration), was assessed against each key component of TST (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback), five of the videos were rated very suitable and five moderately suitable to guide skill acquisition. Most videos failed to demonstrate and provide instruction on each key component of TST and were missing at least one component, with feedback most frequently omitted.

Conclusions

There are many freely available online videos which could be described as demonstrating TST; very few are suitable to guide skill acquisition. The development of a standardised and validated assessment tool, that is easy to use and assesses the content of TST videos is required to support learners to critically evaluate the educational quality of video content. Guidelines based on sound teaching theory and practice are required to assist creators of online videos to provide suitable resources that meet the learning needs of neurological physiotherapists and students.

Peer Review reports

Task-specific training (TST) is a common rehabilitation strategy used and taught by a wide range of allied health professionals including physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech language therapists and academic institutions. It involves goal directed practice, repetition, progressive challenge, and positive reinforcement to optimise motor learning [ 1 ]. TST has been shown to be effective at inducing cortical reorganization, decreasing disability and improving functional outcomes for people with neurological conditions such as stroke, Parkinson’s disease, spinal cord injury and cerebral palsy [ 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 ]. TST is referred to in the literature by a range of terms, including ‘repetitive functional task practice’, ‘repetitive task practice’ [ 3 ], ‘task-orientated therapy’ [ 1 ] and ‘task-related training’ [ 9 ]. For this review, it will be referred to as task-specific training (TST).

The widespread use of the internet has extended traditional education by enabling users to search for, watch, and share a large variety of freely available online videos to supplement their learning. The use of online videos has grown in popularity over the past decade with ease of access and low cost making them one of the most frequently used self-learning resources for health professionals and students [ 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Videos have been shown to significantly improve learning outcomes [ 13 ], however, mechanisms for controlling the content within online videos are limited. The results of internet searches are determined by an algorithm using likes, views, and popularity rather than an assessment of whether the content is suitable to guide skill acquisition [ 14 , 15 ] and previous studies have found online videos often omit key learning points and are of variable educational quality [ 14 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].

Freely available online videos may be useful to guide skill acquisition and reinforce learning for neurological physiotherapists and students. However, there is a need to evaluate the quality of the content of these videos to ensure that they are based on best practice. To our knowledge, there has been no research exploring the extent, characteristics, and educational quality of freely available online videos for the skill acquisition of TST. In this scoping review, our aim was to determine the extent, characteristics, and whether the content of freely available online videos is suitable to guide skill acquisition of TST.

A scoping review was conducted and carried out according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and meta-analysis for scoping reviews (PRISMA- ScR), adapting the five stages suggested by Arksey and O’Malley and the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) for evidence synthesis [ 21 , 22 , 23 ]. An a priori protocol was developed to guide this review prior to undertaking it.

Identifying relevant videos

A detailed search plan outlining the search terms, sources, eligibility criteria, and delimiters was established based on suggestions by Godin et al. [ 24 ], and in consultation with a senior librarian. The JBI; Population, Concept and Context (PCC) elements were used to formulate a combination of search terms to maintain transparency, ensure organised search methods, and reduce the risk of bias [ 23 ]. The population included neurological physiotherapy, the condition of interest or intended audience, were left open. The concept was the demonstration and instruction of TST that a novice could use for skill acquisition. The context included rehabilitation. Refer to Table  1 for the initial search terms.

The inclusion criteria included videos with the stated purpose to teach TST and included an element of physical skill demonstration and instruction. Videos had to be freely available online via a device with internet capabilities, in English, without subscription requirements to access, and within the scope of neurological physiotherapy practice [ 25 ]. There were no restrictions on the rehabilitation setting, date of upload, duration of video, or country of origin (Table  2 ).

A pilot search was carried out as suggested by the JBI guidelines [ 23 ] and following discussion between authors; search terms and the eligibility criteria were refined to reduce ambiguity regarding the definition of TST, and the level of instruction required for the video. For this review, TST included practice of meaningful tasks. Tasks were considered part-task if they were linked to a whole-task reconstruction; virtual reality involving the upper limb was considered part-task as it lacked the manipulation of physical objects and were included. Instructions needed to be provided during TST with sufficient detail to allow a novice to apply it. These could have been in the form of subtitles, voice-over, or directly to the camera.

Google video search engine and YouTube were searched due to their high use, free access and relevancy ordered results [ 26 ]. YouTube has 2,562 million active users, while Google is the dominant global search engine, with an 84.08% worldwide market share [ 26 , 27 ]. Internet Protocol (IP) addresses and being logged into Google accounts have been found to contribute 11.7% to variation in results [ 19 ]. Therefore, searches were performed with personalised search off, in Google Chrome incognito browser, with relevancy sorting on, to improve the consistency of the search results. To reduce the effect of algorithmic searching, all preliminary searches were conducted on the Firefox search engine, with official searches performed in Google incognito, from the same IP address, on a single day in Auckland, New Zealand.

The searches were conducted from Auckland, New Zealand (NZ), on the 16th of December 2022 by KS. The complete search strategy used in Google video search engine and YouTube is in Appendix 1 . Ten searches were conducted on each search engine with the first 10 pages of each search (representing 100 results) screened for relevance. This number was chosen to capture a wide range of the most relevant results, while still being feasible to screen [ 24 ]. Potentially relevant videos were bookmarked in a folder named after the search engine and in a subfolder with the search terms used [ 24 ]. If a video was embedded within a website, it was followed to its source and then bookmarked, to reduce duplicates.

Finally, a series of YouTube channels were hand searched to identify missed videos. Consistency was maintained by the same reviewer (KS), using the same IP address, applying the same method as the primary searches, on a single day (22nd December 2022).

Video selection

Videos were selected using the following process. Duplicates were removed and KS screened all the videos against the eligibility criteria. A second reviewer (NT) independently cross-checked 20% of videos, to check for consistency and appropriate application of the selection criteria. Any discrepancies were referred to NLS to be resolved by consensus.

Data charting

Data charting was used to synthesise and interpret the data [ 21 ]. KS and NT independently viewed the selected videos and summarised the data in a Microsoft (MS) Excel spreadsheet, based on the JBI guidelines [ 22 , 23 ]. The data extracted for this review were the video title, upload date, duration, number of views, likes/ dislikes, the presenter(s), the participant(s), source, country of origin, intervention, the key components of TST (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback) and how they were presented (instruction and/or demonstration).

Summarising and reporting results

To address the extent and characteristics of the selected videos, we identified trends using data analysing tools and pivot tables in MS Excel and presented the data descriptively.

Scoring of videos

The suitability of videos to guide skill acquisition was assessed using a pragmatic scoring system developed for this scoping review. Although previous studies have developed scoring systems to evaluate online material [ 28 , 29 ], none were appropriate for the purpose of this study. The scoring system was developed after reviewing pertinent literature [ 30 , 31 ] and seeking expert opinion. It evaluated video content against the agreed key components of TST for motor learning (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback) and whether demonstration and instruction were provided on each component. Videos were scored from 0 to 2 for each of the six TST components for a total possible score of 12. Components scored 2 if both demonstration and instruction were provided, 1 if they provided either one, or 0 for a missing component. Those videos scoring 0–4 were considered unsuitable, 5–8 moderately suitable and 9–12 very suitable to guide skill acquisition. Data analysis was conducted by KS, and NT and NSW, physiotherapists with extensive clinical and teaching experience in neurological physiotherapy.

Identification and selection of material

Google Video and YouTube searches resulted in 2,000 videos. After initial screening of titles and thumbnails, 179 were bookmarked as potentially relevant. Hand-searching YouTube channels identified an additional 12 videos, resulting in 191 videos being manually inputted into a MS Excel spreadsheet.

All 191 videos were screened against the eligibility criteria by KS, with NT cross-checking 20% between January 11th, 2023, and January 13th, 2023. The agreement between reviewers was high (95%), exceeding the PRISMA-ScR guidelines requirements of 70–80% agreement [ 22 ]. A third reviewer (NLS) adjudicated any discrepancies (7%) with reference to the definition of TST and the inclusion criteria. Of the181 rejected videos, seven were duplicates, four were unavailable in English, 74 did not meet our definition for TST, 47 did not explicitly state that the purpose of the video was to teach TST, six had no skills demonstration in the video and 43 did not have sufficient instruction to allow a novice to repeat. Only ten videos fulfilled the eligibility criteria (0.4% of videos identified, 5% of videos bookmarked) and were included in the review, as represented in Fig.  1 .

PRISMA flow diagram

Description of included videos

Videos had been uploaded to the platform a median of 30 months prior to our search date (range: 7–79 months). The median length of videos was 5.32 min (range: 3–20 min), with a median of 1386.5 views (range: 181–21950). The median number of likes for a video was 11.5 (range: 2–581), and the number of dislikes for all videos was 0. Occupational therapists were presenters in five of the videos, physiotherapists in two and the professional status of the presenter was unidentified in three videos. The focus of most videos was stroke rehabilitation (9) with cerebral palsy rehabilitation presented in one. Only two of the videos included people with the selected condition as participants. Seven videos were uploaded by universities, two by clinicians in a private practice and one by an unidentified contributor. Most videos were created in the United States of America (USA) with one each from Australia and India. A range of interventions were presented including upper limb training (7), bicycle training (1), constraint induced movement therapy (1), and balance training (1). A summary of the characteristics of the included videos is provided in Table  3 .

Only 10 videos explicitly stated that the purpose of the video was to teach TST and therefore had their content assessed for its suitability to guide skill acquisition. The videos were assessed in relation to the key components of TST (practice structure, specificity, repetition, modification, progression, feedback) and how they were presented (with instruction and/or demonstration). All videos included demonstration and instruction about manipulating practice structure to promote motor learning. Specificity was demonstrated in all videos using physical objects relevant to the task, while only three videos provided instruction in addition to demonstration. Nine of the videos provided demonstration and instruction on the use of repetition, with one video providing instruction only. Five videos provided demonstration and instruction on how to modify the activity, three provided instructions only and two failed to provide modification. Seven videos provided demonstration and instruction on progressions, with two videos providing instruction only, and one failing to demonstrate or provide instruction on any form of progression. None of the videos demonstrated the provision of feedback to promote motor learning and only one video provided instruction on how to provide feedback. The scores for videos ranged from 6 to 9/12 with five videos being considered moderately suitable and five very suitable to guide skill acquisition. Only one video included all the key components of TST and none of the videos provided demonstration and instruction on each component. A breakdown of the TST components and suitability scores is detailed in Table  4 .

This review was the first, to our knowledge, to examine the extent, characteristics, and suitability of freely available online videos that guide skill acquisition of TST for neurological physiotherapists and students. Despite a wide and comprehensive search strategy, only ten videos met the eligibility criteria. This suggests that despite over 2000 videos being available, there is a lack of suitable material to address the skill acquisition of TST for neurological physiotherapists and students.

This review highlights a fundamental problem when searching for educational videos online. Namely, it is difficult to find the few suitable videos amongst the array of videos of variable educational quality. It is unlikely that everyday internet users would be prepared to screen so many videos to find those ones related to TST which provide adequate information for training skill acquisition. Several authors have suggested mechanisms to improve the identification of educational videos. The use of a domain based ranking system, that ranks videos from trusted sources (universities or health organisations) higher up in the search results may make identification easier [ 32 ]. The use of inbuilt educational filters, with a strict criterion for labelling content as educational, might also improve identification [ 32 , 33 ]. In addition, organisations with an interest in educating physiotherapists could identify and disseminate existing online videos that are suitable to guide skill acquisition.

During our review of the characteristics of videos, we noticed that physiotherapists and occupational therapists created the majority of TST videos using a range of interventions, mainly featuring the upper limb, and the condition of stroke. None of the videos demonstrated the use of TST during walking, which would be particularly useful for neurological physiotherapists and students, as this is often their focus in rehabilitation. People with a neurological condition used as participants were found in only two of the videos. One of the strengths of video is that it can depict authentic, real-world experiences of people with neurological conditions during rehabilitation sessions. The lack of involvement of people who have real impairments means subtleties in using TST skills for people with a neurological condition will be overlooked. Time constraints and ethical considerations may have been factors in the reduced involvement of people with neurological conditions, however, overcoming these issues to include people with real impairments would enhance the learning experience.

The suitability of videos to guide skill acquisition was assessed in relation to the key components of TST and how they were presented (with demonstration and/ or instructions) and were found to be variable. None of the videos provided demonstration and instruction for each component of TST, and only one video included all the key components. The use of instruction and demonstration has been found to optimise skill acquisition [ 34 , 35 ], therefore, its omission would impact users’ understanding of the components and their ability to perform TST effectively. Feedback was omitted in all but one video, which was concerning as feedback is essential for motor learning and an integral component of TST [ 36 , 37 ]. These results support the findings of previous studies, which found videos created for health professions to be of low educational quality and missing key information. Videos on surface anatomy omitted key aspects related to upper and lower limb anatomy, such as vessels, nerves, cubital fossa, wrists, and hands [ 28 ]. Videos by physiotherapists on shoulder joint mobilisation techniques failed to describe or illustrate vital aspects of techniques such as patient and therapist position, force of application and dosage [ 17 ]. Online videos have also frequently been found to contain inaccurate, contradictory, or misleading information [ 28 , 32 , 38 , 39 ] with no reference to sources or evidence; this is in part due to the lack of peer review processes to monitor quality [ 38 ]. This highlights, that users need to critically evaluate the content of videos, and that improvements need to be made before they can be recommended as a valuable learning resource.

It has been suggested that the quality of video content for education can be filtered by evaluating variables such as the uploading source, video duration or the subjective estimation by viewers, expressed as likes/dislikes. The uploading source in particular has been found to be valuable for discriminating and predicting the quality of video content. Those uploaded by professionals, professional associations, and credible health care organisations are often of higher quality and are more suitable for education than those uploaded by individuals [ 38 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. In contrast, video duration and the likes/dislikes ratio were found to be unreliable as a predictor of quality [ 14 , 40 , 42 , 43 ]. These results are consistent with the findings from our study which found that the videos sourced from educational institutions or private clinics were more suitable to guide skill acquisition. Neurological physiotherapists and students should consider the source of online videos to assist them to assess the educational quality of video resources.

This review highlights the importance of evaluating the content within freely available online videos. There are several tools available for assessing the quality, flow, and user friendliness of websites [ 44 ], evaluating health information on the internet, and the credibility of websites [ 45 ]. Although these tools are somewhat useful, they do not assess the content of the video in sufficient detail to help users determine if they are a suitable learning resource to guide skill acquisition. The development of content specific quality tools is required to assist learners to critically evaluate the quality of video content. In addition, guidelines based on sound teaching theory and practice are required to assist creators of online videos to create high quality resources that meet the needs of neurological physiotherapists and students.

This study was the first, to our knowledge, to examine the extent, characteristics of freely available online videos, and whether the content is suitable to guide skill acquisition of TST for neurological physiotherapists and students. Previous studies [ 38 , 39 ] have evaluated the quality of online videos using various gross assessment tools [ 44 , 45 , 46 ]. However, these tools do not evaluate the video content; our study assessed whether the content of freely available online TST videos is suitable to guide skill acquisition. This review has identified difficulties neurological physiotherapists and students face in sourcing relevant videos of good educational quality without subscriptions to specialised domains. Attempts were made throughout the searches to reduce the impacts of search engine personalisation; and consistent reporting of the search strategy and methods, maintained rigour and transparency.

Limitations

The criteria used to evaluate the suitability of the video content for skill acquisition was developed by the authors, was subjective, and may have been affected by observer bias. To reduce the risk of bias, two authors (KS, NT) assessed each video independently. The use of American spelling was used as it resulted in the most search results however, it may have influenced the identification of videos and resulted in the higher prevalence of videos from the USA. Forty-seven videos were excluded as they did not fit our inclusion criteria of explicitly stating that the purpose was the teach. It is acknowledged that some of these videos may have been videos teaching TST.

There are very few suitable online videos that are freely available and specifically designed to support neurological physiotherapists and students in the skill acquisition of TST. The development of a standardised and validated assessment tool, that is easy to use and assesses the content of TST videos is required to support learners to critically evaluate the educational quality of video content. Guidelines based on sound teaching theory and practice are required to assist creators of online videos to provide suitable resources that meet the needs of neurological physiotherapists and students.

Data availability

The datasets used and/or analysed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

Abbreviations

• Task-specific training

United States of America

Constraint Induced Movement Therapy

Joanna Briggs Institute

New Zealand

Internet protocol

Population, Concept, Context

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Acknowledgements

Melanie Grant (Senior librarian) contributed to the design of the search strategy.

Kelvin Sasse was funded as part of a student summer scholarship funded by the School of Clinical Sciences, Physiotherapy Department, Auckland University of Technology. Auckland, New Zealand.

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NT, NLS, GA and VS conceived and designed the study and contributed to manuscript preparation. KS collected, collated, analysed the data, and contributed to the writing of the manuscript. NT, NLS, GA and VS also contributed to data collection and analysis. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Towersey, N., Sasse, K., Stavric, V. et al. Freely available, online videos to support neurological physiotherapists and students in task-specific training skill acquisition: a scoping review. BMC Med Educ 24 , 603 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05545-5

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DOI : https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-05545-5

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