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Abreviations for degrees and other academic distinctions.

Degree abbreviations allow persons to specify an academic degree instead of spelling out the whole degree name/title. Many degrees have more than one possible abbreviation and may vary between colleges and universities., e.g., BS, BSc, BA, BBA, and so on.

There are four significant classifications of degrees available for postsecondary students: associate, bachelor’s, master’s, and doctoral degrees. Attaining one of the four degrees can take 2-8 years, depending on the field of study and level of degree.

Bachelor’s Programs That Might Interest You

If you are looking to get a degree, it’s good to know your degree’s abbreviation .

Bachelors Degrees Abbreviations

Bachelor of Accounting — BAcc Bachelor of Architecture — BArch Bachelor of Arts — BA Bachelor of Arts in Architectural Studies — BA (ArchStud) Bachelor of Business Administration — BBA Bachelor of Business Administration in Accounting and Finance — BBA (Acc&Fin) Bachelor of Business Administration (Information Systems) — BBA (IS), BSBIS Bachelor of Business Administration in International Business and Global Management — BBA (IBGM) Bachelor of Business Administration (Law) — BBA (Law) Bachelor of Chinese Medicine — BChinMed Bachelor of Cognitive Science — BCogSc Bachelor of Criminal Justice — BCJ Bachelor of Dental Surgery — BDS Bachelor of Economics — BEcon Bachelor of Economics and Finance — BEcon&Fin Bachelor of Education — BEd Bachelor of Education in Language Education — BEd (LangEd) Bachelor of Education in Primary Education — BEd (PrimaryEd) Bachelor of Engineering — BEng Bachelor of Engineering, in engineering disciplines, as determined by the Senate from time to time Bachelor of Finance — BFin Bachelor of Housing Management — BHousMan Bachelor of Journalism — BJ Bachelor of Laws — LLB Bachelor of Management Studies — BMS Bachelor of Medicine and Bachelor of Surgery — MBBS Bachelor of Nursing — BNurs Bachelor of Pharmacy in Chinese Medicine — BPharm (ChinMed) Bachelor of Science — BSc Bachelor of Science in Actuarial Science — BSc (ActuarSc) Bachelor of Science in Applied Medical Sciences — BSc (ApplMedSc) Bachelor of Science in Bioinformatics — BSc (BioInf) Bachelor of Science in Biomedical Sciences — BSc (BiomedSc) Bachelor of Science in Computer Science — BSc (CompSc) Bachelor of Science in Computer Science and Information Systems — BSc (CSIS) Bachelor of Science in Computer Studies — BSc (CompStud) Bachelor of Science in Engineering — BSc (Eng) Bachelor of Science in Information Management —BSc (IM) Bachelor of Science in Nursing Studies — BSc (NursStud) Bachelor of Science in Quantity Surveying — BSc (QS) Bachelor of Science in Speech and Hearing Sciences — BSc (Sp&HearSc) Bachelor of Science in Sports Science and Leisure Management — BSc (SSLM) Bachelor of Science in Surveying — BSc (Surv) Bachelor of Social Sciences — BSocSc Bachelor of Social Sciences (Government and Laws) — BSocSc (Govt&Laws) Bachelor of Social Work — BSW Bachelor of Traditional Chinese Medicine — BTCM

Masters Degrees Abbreviations

Master of Architecture — MArch Master of Arts — MA Master of Arts in Applied Linguistics — MA (AppliedLinguistics) Master of Arts in Transport Policy and Planning — MA (TranspPol&Plan) Master of Buddhist Studies — MBuddhStud Master of Business Administration — MBA Master of Business Administration (International) — IMBA Master of Chinese Medicine in Acupuncture and Moxibustion — MChinMed (Acup&Mox) Master of Common Law — MCL Master of Dental Surgery — MDS Master of Economics — MEcon Master of Education — MEd Master of Finance — MFin Master of Financial Engineering — MFE Master of Geographic Information Systems — MGIS Master of Housing Management — MHousMan Master of International and Public Affairs — MIPA Master of Journalism — MJ Master of Landscape Architecture — MLA Master of Laws — LLM Master of Laws, in law disciplines, as determined by the Senate from time to time Master of Medical Sciences — MMedSc Master of Nursing — MNurs Master of Nursing in Advanced Practice — MN Master of Orthodontics — MOrth Master of Philosophy — MPhil Master of Public Administration — MPA Master of Public Administration (International) — IMPA Master of Public Health — MPH Master of Research in Medicine — MRes(Med) Master of Science — MSc Master of Science in Audiology — MSc (Audiology) Master of Science in Computer Science — MSc (CompSc) Master of Science in Conservation — MSc (Conservation) Master of Science in Construction Project Management — MSc (ConstProjectMan) Master of Science in Dental Materials Science — MSc (DMS) Master of Science in Electronic Commerce and Internet Computing — MSc (ECom&IComp) Master of Science in Engineering — MSc (Eng) Master of Science in Engineering, in engineering disciplines, as determined by the Senate from time to time Master of Science in Environmental Management — MSc (EnvMan) Master of Science in Global Business Management and E-Commerce — MSc (GBM&ECom) Master of Science in Information Technology in Education — MSc (ITE) Master of Science in Interdisciplinary Design and Management — MSc (IDM) Master of Science in Library and Information Management — MSc (LIM) Master of Science in Real Estate — MSc (RealEst) Master of Science in Real Estate Development — MSc (RealEstDev) Master of Science in Sports Science — MSc (SportsScience) Master of Science in Urban Planning — MSc (UrbanPlanning) Master of Social Sciences — MSocSc Master of Social Service Management — MSSM Master of Social Work — MSW Master of Statistics — MStat Master of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Acupuncture and Moxibustion — MTCM Master of Urban Design — MUrbanDesign

Doctors Degrees Abbreviations

Doctor of Education — EdD Doctor of Laws — LLD (Honorary law degree abbreviation) Doctor of Legal Science — SJD Doctor of Letters — DLitt Doctor of Medicine — MD Doctor of Philosophy — PhD Doctor of Psychology — PsyD Doctor of Science — DSc Doctor of Social Sciences — DSocSc Master of Surgery — MS

Honorary Degrees Doctor of Divinity honoris causa — DD honoris causa Doctor of Laws honoris causa — LLD honoris causa Doctor of Letters honoris causa — DLitt honoris causa Doctor of Science honoris causa — DSc honoris causa Doctor of Social Sciences honoris causa — DSocSc honoris causa

Diplomas and Certificates Advanced Diploma in Education — AdvDipEd Advanced Diploma in Endodontics —AdvDipEndodont Advanced Diploma in Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — AdvDipOMS Advanced Diploma in Orthodontics — AdvDipOrth Advanced Diploma in Paediatric Dentistry — AdvDipPaediatrDent Advanced Diploma in Periodontology — AdvDipPeriodont Advanced Diploma in Prosthodontics — AdvDipProsthodont Advanced Diploma in Social Work — AdvDip(SocWk) Diploma in Architecture — DipArch Diploma in Chinese Language — DipChinLang Diploma in Pharmacy — DipPharm Foundation Diploma in Management — FDipM Postgraduate Diploma in Building Services — PDipBS Postgraduate Diploma in Child and Adolescent Health — PDipCAH Postgraduate Diploma in Chinese Language Subject Knowledge for Graduate Teachers — PDipCLangSK Postgraduate Diploma in Clinical Research Methodology — PDipClinResMethodology Postgraduate Diploma in Commercial Law — PDipComL Postgraduate Diploma in Common Law — PDipCL Postgraduate Diploma in Community Geriatrics — PDipCommunityGeriatrics Postgraduate Diploma in Community Psychological Medicine — PDipComPsychMed Postgraduate Diploma in Conservation — PDip(Conservation) Postgraduate Diploma in Construction Project Management — PDip(ConstProjectMan) Postgraduate Diploma in Creative Writing in English — PDipCWEng Postgraduate Diploma in Dental Materials Science — PDipDMS Postgraduate Diploma in Dental Surgery — PDipDS Postgraduate Diploma in Education — PGDE Postgraduate Diploma in Engineering — PDipEng Postgraduate Diploma in Engineering, in engineering disciplines, as determined by the Senate from time to time

Postgraduate Degree Abbreviations

Postgraduate Diploma in English Studies — PDipES Postgraduate Diploma in General Dental Surgery — PDipGDS Postgraduate Diploma in Geographic Information Systems — PDipGIS Postgraduate Diploma in Infectious Diseases — PDipID Postgraduate Diploma in Information Technology and Intellectual Property Law — PDipIT&IPL Postgraduate Diploma in Information Technology Law — PDipITL Postgraduate Diploma in International Affairs — PDipIA Postgraduate Diploma in International Arbitration and Dispute Settlement — PDipArb Postgraduate Diploma in Journalism — PDipJ Postgraduate Diploma in Laws — PDipLaws Postgraduate Diploma in the Law of the People’s Republic of China — PDipL (PRC) Postgraduate Diploma in Nursing — PDipNurs Postgraduate Diploma in Psycho-oncology — PDipPsycho-oncology Postgraduate Diploma in Public Health — PDipPH Postgraduate Diploma in Public Law — PDipPubL Postgraduate Diploma in Science (Computer Science) — PDipSc (CompSc) Postgraduate Diploma in Science (Electronic Commerce and Internet Computing) — PDipSc (ECom&IComp) Postgraduate Diploma in Surveying (Quantity Surveying) — PDipSurv (QuantSurv) Postgraduate Diploma in Surveying (Real Estate Development) — PDipSurv (RealEstDev) Postgraduate Diploma in Urban Design — PDipUrbanDesign Certificate in Chinese Language — CertChinLang Certificate in Health Economics — CertHealthEcon Certificate in In-Service Education for Teachers — CertINSET Certificate in Medical Sciences — CertMedSc Certificate in School Counselling and Guidance — CertSCG Certificate in Social Study — CertSocSt Certificates in engineering subjects, as determined by the Senate from time to time Hong Kong Common Professional Examination Certificate in Laws — HKCPECLL Postgraduate Certificate in Advanced Educational Studies — PCAdvEdStud Postgraduate Certificate in Clinical Research Methodology — PCClinResMethodology Postgraduate Certificate in Education — PCEd Postgraduate Certificate in Laws — PCLL Postgraduate Certificate in Psychology —PCPsych Postgraduate Certificate in Psycho-oncology — PCPsycho-oncology Postgraduate Certificate in Public Health — PCPH

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Abbreviations and Titles All College Students Should Know

• Before You Arrive
• Health, Safety, and Nutrition
• Living On Campus
• Outside The Classroom
• Graduation & Beyond
• Homework Help
• Private School
• College Admissions
• Graduate School
• Business School
• Distance Learning
• M.Ed., Education Administration, University of Georgia
• B.A., History, Armstrong State University

Some abbreviations are appropriate in academic writing , while others are not appropriate. Below you'll find a list of abbreviations you are likely to use in your experience as a student.

Abbreviations for College Degrees

Note: The APA doesn't recommend using periods with degrees. Be sure to consult your style guide as recommended styling may vary. 

Associate of Arts: A two-year degree in any specific liberal art or a general degree covering a mix of courses in liberal arts and sciences. It is acceptable to use the A.A. abbreviation in place of the full degree name. For example, Alfred earned an A.A. at the local community college .

Associate of Applied Science: A two-year degree in a technical or science field. Example: Dorothy earned an A.A.S. in culinary arts after she earned her high school degree.

All But Dissertation: This refers to a student who has completed all the requirements for a Ph.D. except for the dissertation. It is used primarily in reference to doctoral candidates whose dissertation is in progress, to state that the candidate is eligible to apply for positions that require a Ph.D. The abbreviation is acceptable in place of the full expression.

Associate of Fine Arts: A two-year degree in a field of creative art such as painting, sculpting, photography, theater, and fashion design . The abbreviation is acceptable in all but very formal writing.

Bachelor of Arts: An undergraduate, four-year degree in liberal arts or sciences. The abbreviation is acceptable in all but very formal writing.

Bachelor of Fine Arts: A four-year, undergraduate degree in a field of creative art. The abbreviation is acceptable in all but very formal writing.

Bachelor of Science: A four-year, undergraduate degree in a science. The abbreviation is acceptable in all but very formal writing.

Note: Students enter college for the first time as undergraduates pursuing either a two-year (associate's) or a four-year (bachelor's) degree. Many universities have a separate college within called a graduate school, where students may choose to continue their education to pursue a higher degree.

Master of Arts: The master's degree is a degree earned in graduate school. The M.A. is a master's degree in one of the liberal arts awarded to students who study one or two years after earning a bachelor's degree.

Master of Education: The master's degree awarded to a student pursuing an advanced degree in the field of education.

Master of Science: The master's degree awarded to a student pursuing an advanced degree in science or technology.

Abbreviations for Titles

Doctor: When referring to a college professor, the title usually refers to a Doctor of Philosophy, the highest degree in many fields. (In some fields of study the master's degree is the highest possible degree.) It is generally acceptable (preferable) to abbreviate this title when addressing professors in writing and when conducting academic and non-academic writing.

Esquire: Historically, the abbreviation Esq. has been used as a title of courtesy and respect. In the United States, the title is generally used as a title for lawyers, after the full name.

• Example: John Hendrik, Esq.

It is appropriate to use the abbreviation Esq. in formal and academic writing.

Professor: When referring to a professor in nonacademic and informal writing, it is acceptable to abbreviate when you use the full name. It is best to use the full title before a surname alone. Example:

• I'll invite Prof. Johnson to appear as a speaker at our next meeting.
• Professor Mark Johnson is speaking at our next meeting.

Mr. and Mrs.

The abbreviations Mr. and Mrs. are shortened versions of mister and mistress. Both terms, when spelled out, are considered antiquated and outdated when it comes to academic writing. However, the term mister is still used in very formal writing (formal invitations) and military writing. Do not use mister or mistress when addressing a teacher, a professor, or a potential employer.

Doctor of Philosophy: As a title, the Ph.D . comes after the name of a professor who has earned the highest degree awarded by a graduate school. The degree may be called a doctoral degree or a doctorate.

• Example: Sara Edwards, Ph.D.

You would address a person who signs correspondence as "Sara Edwards, Ph.D." as Dr. Edwards.

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What to Know About Creative Writing Degrees

Many creative writing degree recipients pursue careers as authors while others work as copywriters or ghostwriters.

Tips on Creative Writing Degrees

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Prospective writing students should think about their goals and figure out if a creative writing degree will help them achieve those goals.

Many people see something magical in a beautiful work of art, and artists of all kinds often take pride in their craftsmanship. Creative writers say they find fulfillment in the writing process.

"I believe that making art is a human need, and so to get to do that is amazing," says Andrea Lawlor, an author who this year received a Whiting Award – a national $50,000 prize that recognizes 10 excellent emerging authors each year – and who is also the Clara Willis Phillips Assistant Professor of English at Mount Holyoke College in Massachusetts.

"We all are seeing more and more of the way that writing can help us understand perspectives we don't share," says Lawlor, whose recent novel "Paul Takes the Form of a Mortal Girl" addresses the issue of gender identity.

"Writing can help us cope with hard situations," Lawlor says. "We can find people who we have something in common with even if there's nobody around us who shares our experience through writing. It's a really powerful tool for connection and social change and understanding."

Creative writing faculty, many of whom are acclaimed published authors, say that people are well-suited toward degrees in creative writing if they are highly verbal and enjoy expressing themselves.

"Creative imaginative types who have stories burning inside them and who gravitate toward stories and language might want to pursue a degree in creative writing," Jessica Bane Robert, who teaches Introduction to Creative Writing at Clark University in Massachusetts, wrote in an email. "Through formal study you will hone your voice, gain confidence, find a support system for what can otherwise be a lonely endeavor."

Read the guide below to gain more insight into what it means to pursue a creative writing education, how writing impacts society and whether it is prudent to invest in a creative writing degree. Learn about the difference between degree-based and non-degree creative writing programs, how to craft a solid application to a top-notch creative writing program and how to figure out which program is the best fit.

Why Creative Writing Matters and Reasons to Study It

Creative writers say a common misconception about their job is that their work is frivolous and impractical, but they emphasize that creative writing is an extremely effective way to convey messages that are hard to share in any other way.

Kelly Caldwell, dean of faculty at Gotham Writers Workshop in New York City, says prospective writing students are often discouraged from taking writing courses because of concerns about whether a writing life is somehow unattainable or "unrealistic."

Although creative writers are sometimes unable to financially support themselves entirely on the basis of their creative projects, Caldwell says, they often juggle that work with other types of jobs and lead successful careers.

She says that many students in her introductory creative writing class were previously forbidden by parents to study creative writing. "You have to give yourself permission for the simple reason that you want to do it," she suggests.

Creative writing faculty acknowledge that a formal academic credential in creative writing is not needed in order to get writing published. However, they suggest, creative writing programs help aspiring authors develop their writing skills and allow space and time to complete long-term writing projects.

Working writers often juggle multiple projects at once and sometimes have more than one gig, which can make it difficult to finish an especially ambitious undertaking such as a novel, a play for the screen or stage, or a well-assembled collection of poems, short stories or essays. Grants and fellowships for authors are often designed to ensure that those authors can afford to concentrate on their writing.

Samuel Ace, a published poet and a visiting lecturer in poetry at Mount Holyoke, says his goal is to show students how to write in an authentic way that conveys real feeling. "It helps students to become more direct, not to bury their thoughts under a cascade of academic language, to be more forthright," he says.

Tips on Choosing Between a Non-Degree or Degree-Based Creative Writing Program

Experts note that someone needs to be ready to get immersed in the writing process and devote significant time to writing projects before pursuing a creative writing degree. Prospective writing students should not sign up for a degree program until they have reached that sense of preparedness, warns Kim Todd, an associate professor at the University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts and director of its creative writing program.

She says prospective writing students need to think about their personal goals and figure out if a creative writing degree will help them achieve those goals.

Aspiring writers who are not ready to invest in a creative writing degree program may want to sign up for a one-off writing class or begin participating in an informal writing workshop so they can test their level of interest in the field, Todd suggests.

How to Choose and Apply to a Creative Writing Program

In many cases, the most important component of an application to a writing program is the writing portfolio, writing program experts say. Prospective writing students need to think about which pieces of writing they include in their portfolio and need to be especially mindful about which item they put at the beginning of their portfolio. They should have a trusted mentor critique the portfolio before they submit it, experts suggest.

Because creative writing often involves self-expression, it is important for aspiring writing students to find a program where they feel comfortable expressing their true identity.

This is particularly pertinent to aspiring authors who are members of minority groups, including people of color or LGBTQ individuals, says Lawlor, who identifies as queer, transgender and nonbinary.

How to Use a Creative Writing Degree

Creative writing program professors and alumni say creative writing programs cultivate a variety of in-demand skills, including the ability to communicate effectively.

"While yes, many creative writers are idealists and dreamers, these are also typically highly flexible and competent people with a range of personal strengths. And a good creative writing program helps them understand their particular strengths and marketability and translate these for potential employers, alongside the more traditional craft development work," Melissa Ridley Elmes, an assistant professor of English at Lindenwood University in Missouri, wrote in an email.

Elmes – an author who writes poetry, fiction and nonfiction – says creative writing programs force students to develop personal discipline because they have to consistently produce a significant amount of writing. In addition, participating in writing workshops requires writing students "to give and receive constructive feedback," Elmes says.

Cindy Childress, who has a Ph.D. in English from the University of Louisiana—Lafayatte and did a creative writing dissertation where she submitted poetry, says creative writing grads are well-equipped for good-paying positions as advertising and marketing copywriters, speechwriters, grant writers and ghostwriters.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual compensation for writers and authors was $63,200 as of May 2019.

"I think the Internet, and writing communities online and in social media, have been very helpful for debunking the idea that if you publish a New York Times Bestseller you will have 'made it' and can quit your day job and write full time," Elmes explains. "Unless you are independently wealthy, the odds are very much against you in this regard."

Childress emphasizes that creative writing degree recipients have "skills that are absolutely transferable to the real world." For example, the same storytelling techniques that copywriters use to shape public perceptions about a commercial brand are often taught in introductory creative writing courses, she says. The ability to tell a good story does not necessarily come easily to people who haven't been trained on how to do it, she explains.

Childress says she was able to translate her creative writing education into a lucrative career and start her own ghostwriting and book editing company, where she earns a six-figure salary. She says her background in poetry taught her how to be pithy.

"Anything that we want to write nowadays, particularly for social media, is going to have to be immediately understood, so there is a sense of immediacy," she says."The language has to be crisp and direct and exact, and really those are exactly the same kind of ways you would describe a successful poem."

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Degree Abbreviations

Things to note:.

For one degree, list the degree abbreviation then an apostrophe with the year graduated. Ex: Accounting 2000 is (Acct’00).

If someone has two degrees, separate with a comma and put in alphabetical order Ex: a dual psychology and English 2009 major is (Engl, Psych’09)

For degrees that are graduate or doctorate level, an “M” or “PhD” is put in front of the degree. Ex: a master’s in English in 2009 is (MEngl’09)

If someone has an undergraduate and graduate degree or doctorate from CU (any campus), it is also separated with a semicolon and has either a “M” or “PhD” in front of the degree. Ex: Sociology undergraduate 2009, master’s in engineering 2011 (Soc’09; MEngr’11) or if it was a PhD in engineering (Soc’09; PhDEngr’11)

If someone left CU Boulder before graduating, annotate their degree with “ex” and the year they were expected to graduate. Ex: If a student left as a junior in 2012 with a psychology degree and was expected to graduate in 2013, annotate as (Psych ex’13)

If someone got their undergraduate and master’s in the same subject, don’t rewrite the degree. Rather put MA if it was a master of arts or MS if it was a master of science or PhD if it was a doctorate. For example, if someone got their undergraduate and graduate degrees in sociology two years apart, it reads like this: (Soc’09; MA’11). Or if they got their civil engineering undergraduate in 2009 and their doctorate in civil engineering in 2015, it reads (CivEngr’09; PhD’15)

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Master's in Creative Writing Online MA Degree Program

Earn a Master's in Creative Writing

• $637/credit (36 credits)
• Inclusive creative writing community
• 24/7 online access – attend class at your convenience
• 100% online – no residency required
• 4 genre options for concentrations
• Complete in as few as 15 months, or at your own pace

Master's in Creative Writing Online Program Overview

Ignite your imagination and jump-start your professional writing career with a Master of Arts (MA) in English and Creative Writing online at Southern New Hampshire University. Learn to use the written word to effectively tell your story and share your ideas with the world. By studying literature and the way accomplished authors have perfected their art, you'll be prepared to enter a number of industries as a creative writer. 

This English and creative writing graduate program fosters your imagination and creativity with a perfect balance of critical analysis and craft, along with an emphasis on literary theory and the history of the English language. You also have the freedom to choose from 4 genre concentrations or to combine your choice of genre courses if, for example, you're interested in both fiction and screenwriting.

This specialized creative writing master's degree can help you develop an ability to communicate in any career path you choose to follow, including:

• Marketing and communications

If you've always dreamed of starting your own novel, writing a collection of poetry or developing your screenplay, you'll gain the foundation you need through this program.

At the end of the program, you'll either complete a creative thesis or submit a portfolio of creative writing, along with a retrospective essay.

.st0{fill:#21386D;} What You'll Learn

• Integrate form, language and literary works into writing style and voice
• Expand upon your own creative process
• Create original literary works of publishable quality
• Reflect on goals, process and ethos as a creative writer
• Use technology as a tool to stylize and promote creative work

.cls-1 { fill: #21386d; } How You'll Learn

At SNHU, you'll get support from day 1 to graduation and beyond. And with no set class times, 24/7 access to the online classroom and helpful learning resources along the way, you'll have everything you need to reach your goals.

Concentration Options

You'll also have the option to master a specialized skill set with one of our 4 genre-focused concentrations .

Fiction Literature has long been a source of inspiration, both for readers and writers. In Southern New Hampshire University's online MA in English and Creative Writing with a concentration in Fiction degree, you can find your creative voice and tell your story. Your knowledge can grow beyond a basic understanding of plot building, narrative, voice and character as you push your creative boundaries. Hone your craft for the kind of fiction you've always dreamed of bringing to life through novels, short stories, children's literature and more. In this degree program, you'll have the opportunity to explore whichever genres in fiction pique your interest, from horror and sci-fi to fantasy, young adult, romance and more.  The art of storytelling has deep historical and societal roots, and it is critical to cross-cultural communication. In your MA in Creative Writing online degree program, you’ll study the work of published writers to help you develop your own creative writing skills. You’ll focus on why authors make specific creative decisions to develop a deeper understanding of fiction in all of its forms, all while writing your own works of fiction. If you decide to pursue this concentration, you'll take a capstone course designed around completing your thesis in your fiction genre of choice. At the culmination of your coursework, you’ll create your own manuscript and apply what you've learned about your own creative voice to your work. If you feel it's time to put pen to paper to tell a tale, this program is for you. "I chose the fiction concentration [because] I believe it will give me a wider range in skills and training that will make me more attractive as a writer," said student Joshua Yarbrough . "Great and imaginative storytelling is always needed, and by having this concentration, it will open doors and avenues in a wide range of projects." Career outlook: Whether you're looking to pen the next great fiction novel, or you'd like to specialize in short stories that capture the imagination for a period of time, this concentration can give you the tools you need to become successful in your field. The MA in English and Creative Writing with a concentration in Fiction can also lead to numerous career opportunities, as this program does more than just expose you to literature and help you develop new writing skills. You can apply the creative skills you gain to any profession, from scriptwriting to marketing. The U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for writers and authors was $73,150 in 2022. 1 Courses include: Fiction Fundamentals Genres: Fantasy, Sci-Fi and Other Popular Fiction Fiction Thesis Writing Fiction Thesis Completion Request Info Apply Now Nonfiction In the MA in English & Creative Writing with a concentration in Nonfiction degree, you'll learn how and why writers craft nonfiction narratives. These tools can help you develop factual material based on research and experiences of your own - or someone else's. The creative writing master's degree can help you gain insights into publishing, broadcasting and professional production while you explore your creative boundaries. At the culmination of the program, you'll develop your own professional-quality piece of nonfiction, one that takes you deep into subjects that matter to you and helps you develop the skills you need for great storytelling. MA English & Creative Writing nonfiction graduate Alec Biron '17 '21G particularly enjoyed the combined emphasis on creative writing and literature. "While the curriculum allowed me to select a unique genre of creative writing to develop my nonfiction thesis," he said, "it also allowed me to explore traditional forms of literature that I love, such as medieval British and feminist genres." Career outlook: Nonfiction is the art of telling real stories - ones that people can learn from, relate to and understand. It covers a wide range of styles and subjects, encompassing everything from personal essays, autobiographical writing and memoirs, to marketing, travel writing and magazine features. Given the many career paths you could take by adding a concentration in nonfiction writing to your degree, it's worth noting some potential career paths you could explore. During a time when remote work is on the rise, you could consider a career writing freelance nonfiction stories for traditional print magazines and digital publications. Or, if telling stories for brands excites you, you could work in advertising as a copywriter and see your words on websites, billboards, emails, commercials and other types of advertisements. "Employers have been impressed by not only my achievement of a master’s degree, but also by the publications I've subsequently written for following my education," said Biron. If you like finding ways to make factual yet complex topics more digestible, you may enjoy the role of technical writer. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, technical writers earned a median annual salary of $79,960 in 2022. 1 Courses include: Non-Fiction Fundamentals Non-Fiction Thesis Writing Non-Fiction Thesis Completion Request Info Apply Now Poetry Develop the skills you need to convey your poetic vision with a MA in English and Creative Writing with a concentration in Poetry . The poetry concentration within our online creative writing graduate program can take you to a new level of analysis, appreciation and understanding of this art form. Foster your love of verse with the inspiration, passion and creative peer collaboration that only SNHU's concentration in poetry can bring. This curriculum focuses your study of literature on a genre where every word and line counts. Here, you'll be able to use your imagination to create imagery that moves and inspires readers and writers alike. This creative writing graduate program challenges you to gain an appreciation for how the unique craft and vision of poetry is critical to learning to think, understand and communicate with the world at large. Throughout this online program, you’ll broaden your understanding of the art of poetry. You'll also dive deeper into structure, tone and rhythm while analyzing the work of renowned poets. Upon completion of the program, you’ll develop your own manuscript of poetry, one that allows you to expand on subjects you're passionate about. "I chose a poetry concentration because I am a poet at heart, and my career revolves heavily around creative writing, specifically poetry and accessible arts programming," said NaBeela Washington '21G . "I wanted to make sure that my studies preserved time to truly focus on poetry and developing my manuscript and network and connection to other authors." Career outlook: Whether it's getting your own poetry published or becoming the next great poet laureate that interests you, a career in poetry is sure to be one filled with passion for your work. You could work for nonprofits to promote local poetry in your area, or become the poetry curator for an array of journals, magazines and even bookstores. And the ability to write clever, concise and compelling copy is also a great fit for advertising and marketing positions. "Before SNHU, I hadn’t been published since middle school," said Washington. "And before completing the program, I would be invited to read my work at a Poetry Series in Takoma Park, MD; I would start a literary journal, Lucky Jefferson, and I would go on to be published several more times in publications like The Cincinnati Review and The Washington Writers’ Publishing House, even winning an award for my journal and building a network of more than 6,000 writers and artists." Her list of accomplishments doesn't stop there. "I’ve been invited to speak on panels about my work in the literary world as well as to help found a roundtable for Editors of Color," she said. "It's really nice realizing that I could accomplish my goals and that I believed in myself." Courses include: Poetry Fundamentals Poetry Thesis Writing Poetry Thesis Completion Request Info Apply Now Screenwriting We live in an increasingly visual society. The online Master of Arts in English and Creative Writing with a concentration in Screenwriting program at Southern New Hampshire University is an advanced exploration of the world of film and video, from shorts and episodic serials to feature-length blockbusters and documentaries. This concentration is based on a comprehensive study of film, with a special focus on story structure, character development and creative writing. At the culmination of the degree program, you'll have developed your own screenplay that you can then share with others and put out into the world if you so choose. While an understanding and analysis of literature – whatever the genre – is at the core of this MA degree, the screenwriting concentration places a special emphasis on visual storytelling. Designed by experienced and distinguished faculty, this master’s in screenwriting program can give you a powerful understanding of how story, character, theme, action, visuals and dialogue intertwine to create an immersive experience. In this concentration, you'll also have the opportunity to work closely with peers and faculty to workshop your pieces, which can help push your creative work to new heights. Take it from José Roldan Jr. '17G who, with the support of his friends, family and his SNHU advisor, was able to enroll in the online MA in English and Creative Writing with a concentration in Screenwriting program while balancing his full-time job and full-time performance schedule, along with additional acting gigs and auditions.  "That support just allowed me the strength to say, 'You know what? I can get this done. There are so many people who believe in me to do it, that I can get it done,'" Roldan said. "It wasn't easy, but it's possible. It's possible." Career outlook: Whether you dream of writing for the big screen one day or writing scripts at a regional level, in the screenwriting concentration you can hone your craft for television, commercials, news, feature films, short films and even video games. There are multiple ways you could use this degree in the media world, from adapting an existing work into a movie or writing your own script, to working closely with producers on funding and producing projects. While the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reports the median annual wage for writers and authors was $73,150 in 2022, it also reports that producers and directors earned a median annual wage of $85,320 the same year. 1 Courses include: Screenwriting Fundamentals Fiction and Film Screenwriting Thesis Writing Screenwriting Thesis Completion Request Info Apply Now if (typeof accordionGroup === "undefined") { window.accordionGroup = new accordion(); } accordionGroup.init(document.getElementById('322677cfabe042d9a55551dc7b079012')); Career Outlook

Whether it's telling your story or telling someone else's, your online master's in creative writing can equip you with detailed knowledge about the worlds of publishing, communications, copywriting and the role of the professional writer. As world markets continue to shift toward a demand for online education and digital media technology, the technical skills learned in this program should continue to be in demand for a long time. The enhanced writing and communication skills you'll develop can be applied to many professions, from publishing, print and film to journalism and marketing.

Read more about Jacob Powers in this Q&A.

"The major takeaway I have gotten from my classes is that there is a viable career in literature, creative writing, and English," said student Joshua Yarbrough . "I feel confident in having the necessary skills to either work for myself or an employer and the training I have received at SNHU has made it possible."

.cls-1 { fill: #21386d; } Job Growth

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), employment of writers and authors is projected to grow 4% – about as fast as average for all occupations –  through 2032. 1

.cls-1 { fill: #21386d; } Salary

The BLS reports the median wage for writers and authors was $73,150 in 2022. 1

Understanding the Numbers When reviewing job growth and salary information, it’s important to remember that actual numbers can vary due to many different factors — like years of experience in the role, industry of employment, geographic location, worker skill and economic conditions. Cited projections do not guarantee actual salary or job growth.

The master's in creative writing is also ideal if you're interested in pursuing your PhD or teaching at the collegiate level. Additionally, the MA in Creative Writing is also a great option for high school instructors or other educators who wish to level up their salaries, as well as those whose districts require a Master of Arts for sustained career growth.

"I believe there’s a nice balance here for the program — for students who wish to pursue publication, we offer the tools, resources and faculty to help guide them. For students who wish to advance in their current career, or learn creative writing skills but also strengthen other skills (like editing, proofreading, etc.), the program offers that, as well," Powers said.

SNHU does not guarantee that the completion of this program will result in endorsements or rank and salary increases for teachers and strongly encourages interested individuals to contact their state education licensure board prior to enrolling. SNHU provides additional information for education-related outcomes on our Licensure and Certification Disclosures page.

Where Could You Work?

Graduates of the online master's in English and creative writing program will find that, according to the BLS¹, there is opportunity for employment in a variety of fields, including:

Self-Employment

Tech companies, public relations, start your journey toward an online english and creative writing degree, why snhu for your master's in creative writing flexible with no set class meeting times, you can learn on your schedule and access online course materials 24/7. affordable as part of our mission to make higher education more accessible, we’re committed to keeping our tuition rates low. in fact, we offer some of the lowest online tuition rates in the nation. prior coursework and work experience could also help you save time and money. snhu’s transfer policy  allows you to transfer up to 12 credits from your previous institution. you could also earn college credit for previous work experience . respected founded in 1932 , southern new hampshire university is a private, nonprofit institution with over 160,000 graduates across the country. snhu is accredited by the new england commission of higher education (neche), a regional accreditor, which advocates for institutional improvement and public assurance of quality.  recently, snhu has been nationally recognized for leading the way toward more innovative, affordable and achievable education: “most innovative” regional university honors from u.s. news & world report each year since 2015 a $1 million grant from google.org to explore soft skills assessments for high-need youth recognition as a 2017 digital learning innovator by the online learning consortium network at southern new hampshire university, you'll have access to a powerful network of more than 300,000 students, alumni and staff that can help support you long after graduation. our instructors offer relevant, real-world expertise to help you understand and navigate the field. plus, with our growing, nationwide alumni network, you'll have the potential to tap into a number of internship and career opportunities. 93.2% of online students would recommend snhu according to a 2023 survey with 21,000+ respondents. discover why snhu may be right for you . admission requirements expanding access to quality higher education means removing the barriers that may stand between you and your degree. that’s why you can apply at any time and get a decision within days of submitting all required materials: completed free application undergraduate transcripts, which we can retrieve for you by submitting a transcript request form acceptance decisions are made on a rolling basis throughout the year for our 5 graduate terms . master's degree candidates must also submit a personal statement. students with an undergraduate gpa below 2.75 are eligible for provisional acceptance. how to apply if you’re ready to apply, follow these simple steps to get the process going: complete free graduate application submit undergraduate transcripts work with an admission counselor  to explore financial options  and walk through application process if (typeof accordiongroup === "undefined") { window.accordiongroup = new accordion(); } accordiongroup.init(document.getelementbyid('e835202be13f4497bc29372de09b8f42')); get the skills you need.

Alec Biron '17 '21G

"The skills that I learned in nonfiction writing have helped me to build a career in freelance journalism and content writing."

Courses & Curriculum

The master's in creative writing online exposes you to powerful examples of writing and provides you with an outlet to refine your skills as a writer. SNHU is home to the New Hampshire Writer’s Project and is also a destination for nationally recognized writers who perform readings and participate in workshops and lectures. This can give you additional context and insight into the industry you'll eventually be joining. All of our courses were also created by subject matter experts in their field, many of whom are critically acclaimed writers themselves.

Not only are the courses created by experts, they're taught by them, too. Just ask student Joshua Yarbrough .

"I have worked with professors who are well versed and accomplished in their field," he said. "They have provided valuable feedback to me in terms of preparing for my next steps as a writer and educator."

If you're looking for a degree program with collaboration built in, look no further. The online MA in English and Creative Writing has an added emphasis on peer workshops for additional feedback. Each concentration requires students to take three workshops, so you'll have the chance to fine-tune your editing and proofreading skills both for your peers and for yourself.

You'll also be required to take one of two teaching courses, Seminar in Writing Instruction or Online Teaching Experience . This can give you a background for teaching creative writing or English composition, depending on which interests you more. As a whole, this degree program is highly customizable, allowing you to focus on what types of creative writing interest you most.

In addition to working on your writing craft, you'll take several literary courses that focus on analysis and reflection, while learning about the history of the publishing industry. This can give you the chance to sharpen your editing and professional communication skills, while also giving you the edge you need to advance your writing career.

Graduate Alec Biron '17 '21G agrees. "One course that stood out to me, in particular, was “The Editor”. This course was both writing and editing intensive, allowing us to review the work of our peers while optimizing our own narratives," he said. "The Editor went beyond simple proofreading, and taught me how to edit for structure, character development, syntax, language and tone."

You'll also have the choice of four literary genres:

• Screenwriting

Or, you can customize your program and study multiple genres.

What's more, there's plenty of opportunity to build your network and hone your craft outside of normal class time. Once enrolled, you'll have access to SNHUconnect, a community built exclusively for our online learners. With plenty of clubs and events at your disposal, you might find that the Creative Writing Review Club is right up your alley. Wrote a few poems and want a critique? Need an audience to run your plot ideas by? Here, you can share your nonfiction, fiction, poetry and screenplay works – and even seek peer revising if you desire.

Joan Garner

Joan Garner came from a family of activists. Now she’s earning her master’s in creative writing to write her family’s story.

“The classes that I am taking are helping me in writing the book by stretching my limitations as a writer,” she said.

Read Joan’s story.

Minimum Hardware Requirements Component Type   PC (Windows OS)   Apple (Mac OS)   Operating System  Currently supported operating system from Microsoft.   Currently supported operating system from Apple.  Memory (RAM)  8GB or higher  8GB or higher  Hard Drive  100GB or higher  100GB or higher  Antivirus Software  Required for campus students. Strongly recommended for online students.  Required for campus students. Strongly recommended for online students.  SNHU Purchase Programs  Visit Dell   Visit Apple   Internet/ Bandwidth  5 Mbps Download, 1 Mbps Upload and less than 100 ms Latency  5 Mbps Download, 1 Mbps Upload and less than 100 ms Latency  Notes:   Laptop or desktop?   Whichever you choose depends on your personal preference and work style, though laptops tend to offer more flexibility.  Note:   Chromebooks (Chrome OS) and iPads (iOS) do not meet the minimum requirements for coursework at SNHU. These offer limited functionality and do not work with some course technologies. They are not acceptable as the only device you use for coursework. While these devices are convenient and may be used for some course functions, they cannot be your primary device. SNHU does, however, have an affordable laptop option that it recommends: Dell Latitude 3301 with Windows 10.  Office 365 Pro Plus  is available free of charge to all SNHU students and faculty. The Office suite will remain free while you are a student at SNHU. Upon graduation you may convert to a paid subscription if you wish. Terms subject to change at Microsoft's discretion. Review system requirements for  Microsoft 365 plans  for business, education and government.  Antivirus software:  Check with your ISP as they may offer antivirus software free of charge to subscribers.  if (typeof accordionGroup === "undefined") { window.accordionGroup = new accordion(); } accordionGroup.init(document.getElementById('f756dce5bd874c61855f6f6e92d88470')); University Accreditation

Tuition & Fees

Tuition rates for SNHU's online degree programs are among the lowest in the nation. We offer a 25% tuition discount for U.S. service members, both full and part time, and the spouses of those on active duty.

Tuition rates are subject to change and are reviewed annually. *Note: students receiving this rate are not eligible for additional discounts.

Additional Costs: Course Materials ($ varies by course). Foundational courses may be required based on your undergraduate course history, which may result in additional cost.

Frequently Asked Questions

​Why is History Important?​

Why is Poetry Important? Celebrating National Poetry Month

Actor Stephanie Gould Surprised Onstage With Diploma Delivery

1 Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Occupational Outlook Handbook, on the internet, at:

• https://www.bls.gov/OOH/media-and-communication/writers-and-authors.htm (viewed Oct. 25, 2023)
• https://www.bls.gov/ooh/media-and-communication/technical-writers.htm (viewed Oct. 25, 2023)
• https://www.bls.gov/OOH/entertainment-and-sports/producers-and-directors.htm (viewed Oct. 25, 2023)

Cited projections may not reflect local and/or short-term economic or job conditions and do not guarantee actual job growth.

Deciphering the Alphabet Soup: Master’s Degree Abbreviations Demystified

• October 14, 2023
• Office of Outreach and Relationships

Master’s degree abbreviations can seem like an alphabet soup, but understanding them is essential for navigating the world of higher education and professional credentials. These abbreviations are used to represent the different master’s degree programs offered by colleges and universities, and they play a significant role in identifying one’s level of education and expertise.

Key Takeaways:

• Master’s degree abbreviations are used to represent different master’s degree programs.
• Understanding these abbreviations is crucial for identifying one’s level of education and expertise.
• Common master’s degree abbreviations include MS, MBA, MA, MSc, and MFA.
• Using master’s degree abbreviations correctly can simplify communication and save time.
• It is important to consult official sources or institution-specific guidelines for accurate usage of master’s degree abbreviations.

What is a Master’s Degree Abbreviation?

Master’s degree abbreviations are shortened forms of the official names of specific master’s degree programs. These abbreviations are commonly used to represent different fields of study and areas of specialization within the realm of higher education. By condensing the lengthy and complex names of these programs into shorter abbreviations, they become easier to reference and understand in various contexts.

Master Degree Abbreviations: A Key to Efficient Communication

One of the primary purposes of master’s degree abbreviations is to facilitate efficient and effective communication. In academic and professional settings, using abbreviations allows individuals to quickly and concisely refer to specific master’s degree programs without the need to spell out their full names. This is especially beneficial when writing academic papers, resumes, or discussing degrees in conversational contexts.

“The ability to use master’s degree abbreviations demonstrates a level of familiarity and knowledge within a specific field of study.”

Moreover, master’s degree abbreviations are also widely recognized within the educational community and industry professionals. By using these abbreviations, individuals can create a common language that is easily understood and eliminates confusion. It allows for streamlined communication, both written and verbal, ensuring clarity and precision.

Table: Common Master’s Degree Abbreviations

These are just a few examples of the most common master’s degree abbreviations. It is important to note that abbreviations may vary across disciplines and institutions. Therefore, it is always recommended to verify the specific abbreviations associated with a particular master’s degree program.

Master’s degree abbreviations serve as valuable tools in academic and professional settings, promoting effective communication and comprehension. By familiarizing yourself with these abbreviations, you can navigate the world of master’s degrees with ease and confidently showcase your educational achievements.

Common Master’s Degree Abbreviations

There are numerous master’s degree abbreviations used across various fields of study, and it can be helpful to familiarize yourself with some of the most common ones. These abbreviations, often consisting of initials or acronyms, allow for quick and concise representation of different master’s degree programs. Here is a list of commonly used master’s degree abbreviations and their corresponding full names:

These are just a few examples of the master’s degree abbreviations commonly encountered. It is important to note that abbreviations may vary depending on the institution or country. It’s always recommended to verify the specific abbreviations used by the particular educational institution or field of study you are interested in.

By understanding and recognizing these master’s degree abbreviations, you can navigate the academic landscape more confidently and effectively communicate your educational achievements to others in a concise manner.

Master’s Degree Abbreviation List

To help you navigate the sea of master’s degree abbreviations, here is a comprehensive list of common master’s degree program abbreviations:

Remember, these abbreviations are commonly used and recognized in the field of nursing. They play a crucial role in communication and identification. Whether you’re pursuing a nursing degree, looking to obtain professional nursing credentials , or aiming for nursing certifications , it’s important to become familiar with these abbreviations to ensure accurate representation of your qualifications.

By understanding the various master’s degree abbreviations, you can confidently navigate the world of higher education and healthcare . So, the next time you come across a confusing acronym or initial, refer to this comprehensive master’s degree abbreviation list for clarity and understanding.

How to Use Master Degree Abbreviations

Knowing how to use master’s degree abbreviations appropriately is important when writing resumes, academic papers, or professional correspondence. These abbreviations not only save space but also demonstrate your educational qualifications and expertise. By correctly utilizing master degree abbreviations, you can convey your credentials efficiently and effectively.

When using master’s degree abbreviations, it’s crucial to be consistent and follow the established standards. Always capitalize the first letter of each abbreviation and avoid using periods between the letters. For example, instead of writing “M.S.”, it should be “MS” for Master of Science.

To ensure clarity and avoid confusion, it is recommended to provide the full name of the degree along with the abbreviation upon first mention. For instance, you could write “John holds a Master of Business Administration (MBA) degree.” This way, readers will understand the abbreviation in context.

Examples of Master Degree Abbreviations

“Using master degree abbreviations correctly can help capture the attention of potential employers or academic institutions. It showcases your qualifications concisely and demonstrates your understanding of professional communication standards.”

Additionally, be mindful of the context in which you are using master degree abbreviations. In formal academic writing, it is generally preferred to write out the full degree name rather than using abbreviations. However, in resumes or professional correspondence, abbreviations can be used as long as they are widely recognized and understood in your field.

By following these guidelines, you can confidently incorporate master degree abbreviations into your writing , ensuring precision and professionalism. Always double-check the correct abbreviations for specific master’s degree programs and consult style guides for additional guidance when necessary.

Master’s Degree Abbreviation Guide

This master’s degree abbreviation guide will help you decipher and comprehend the different acronyms and initials associated with master’s degree programs. With the wide variety of master’s degree options available, it can be confusing to understand the abbreviations used to denote these programs. Whether you are a prospective student exploring different fields of study or a professional looking to enhance your credentials, this guide will provide you with a comprehensive list of commonly used master’s degree abbreviations.

Before diving into the abbreviations, let’s take a look at some of the most common master’s degree initials and acronyms. These abbreviations are widely recognized and used in various industries and academic institutions:

These are just a few examples of the many master’s degree abbreviations you may come across. Each program and academic institution may have its own unique abbreviation, so it is important to research and understand the specific meaning behind each acronym.

Nursing Degrees Abbreviations

If you are pursuing a career in nursing, it is essential to be familiar with the abbreviations used for different nursing degrees . Here are some common abbreviations associated with nursing programs:

• ADN: Associate Degree in Nursing
• BSN: Bachelor’s of Science in Nursing
• MSN: Master’s of Science in Nursing
• DNP: Doctor of Nursing Practice

These abbreviations represent different levels of education and qualifications within the field of nursing.

Professional Nursing Credentials Abbreviations

In addition to degrees, nursing professionals can obtain various credentials to enhance their expertise and career prospects. Here are some common abbreviations used for professional nursing credentials :

• APRN: Advanced Practice Registered Nurse
• LPN: Licensed Practical Nurse
• LVN: Licensed Vocational Nurse
• NP: Nurse Practitioner
• RN: Registered Nurse

These abbreviations signify different roles and responsibilities within the nursing profession.

Nursing Certifications Abbreviations

To showcase specialized knowledge and skills, nurses can pursue certifications in specific areas of practice. Here are some common abbreviations for nursing certifications :

• CNE: Certified Nurse Educator
• CNA: Certified Nursing Assistant
• CNL: Clinical Nurse Leader
• CNO: Chief Nursing Officer
• CRN-A: Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist

These certifications allow nurses to demonstrate expertise in specialized areas of nursing care.

Remember, this master’s degree abbreviation guide is just the tip of the iceberg. It is crucial to research and understand the specific abbreviations associated with the master’s degree program or profession you are interested in. By familiarizing yourself with these abbreviations, you will be better equipped to navigate the academic and professional landscape.

Nursing degrees have specific abbreviations that are commonly used in academic and professional settings. These abbreviations play a crucial role in efficient communication and help streamline documentation within the nursing field. Here are some of the most commonly used nursing degree abbreviations:

These abbreviations are often used when referring to different levels of nursing education. For example, an individual with an Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) has completed a two-year program and is eligible to become a registered nurse (RN). On the other hand, a Bachelor’s of Science in Nursing (BSN) is a four-year degree that provides a more comprehensive understanding of nursing theory and practice.

Master’s of Science in Nursing (MSN) is a popular choice for nurses who wish to advance their careers and specialize in areas such as nursing education, nursing administration, or advanced practice nursing. Finally, the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is the highest level of nursing education, preparing nurses for leadership roles and advanced clinical practice.

Understanding these nursing degree abbreviations is essential for effective communication and collaboration among healthcare professionals. Whether you’re pursuing a nursing degree or working in the field, knowing these abbreviations will help ensure accurate and concise communication within the nursing community.

Professional nursing credentials come with their own set of abbreviations that reflect different roles and certifications. These abbreviations, often used in healthcare settings and documentation, ensure clear and efficient communication within the nursing community. Familiarity with these abbreviations is essential for both nursing professionals and those interacting with the healthcare system. Below is a list of some commonly used professional nursing credentials and their abbreviations:

These abbreviations play a critical role in facilitating efficient communication and identification of nursing professionals and their specialized areas of expertise. They are often used in healthcare documentation, electronic medical records, and professional correspondence. It is important to note that the use of these abbreviations should be done in accordance with established guidelines to ensure accuracy and clarity in healthcare communication.

Understanding and recognizing these professional nursing credentials abbreviations is essential for healthcare professionals, patients, and healthcare administrators. They provide a concise way to convey important information about a nurse’s qualifications and specialized skills. By using these abbreviations consistently and correctly, healthcare professionals can improve communication, streamline processes, and enhance patient care.

In conclusion, professional nursing credentials come with their own distinct abbreviations that represent different roles and certifications. These abbreviations are essential for effective communication within the nursing community and the broader healthcare system. Whether it is an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) or a Nurse Practitioner (NP), understanding and utilizing these abbreviations accurately is crucial for ensuring clear and concise communication in healthcare settings.

Nursing certifications are important milestones in a nurse’s professional development and often have abbreviations that signify specialized training or expertise. These abbreviations provide a concise way to communicate a nurse’s qualifications and can be especially helpful in a fast-paced healthcare environment. Familiarizing oneself with these abbreviations is essential for nurses and healthcare professionals.

Here is a list of nursing certifications and their corresponding abbreviations:

These abbreviations are widely recognized within the nursing profession and can be useful for healthcare professionals when documenting patient care as well as in professional correspondence. It is important to note that the use of abbreviations should always be consistent with the guidelines set forth by professional organizations and healthcare institutions to ensure accurate and effective communication.

By understanding and utilizing these nursing certifications abbreviations , nurses can demonstrate their expertise and specialized knowledge in their respective fields. These abbreviations serve as a testament to their dedication to continuous learning and professional advancement, enhancing their credibility and career opportunities.

Benefits of Using Master Degree Abbreviations

Utilizing master’s degree abbreviations offers several advantages, including clear and concise communication, ease of identification, and saving space in written materials. In today’s fast-paced world, where brevity is key, these abbreviations provide a quick and efficient way to convey information about one’s educational qualifications.

When communicating in professional settings or academic contexts, using master’s degree abbreviations allows for clear and precise communication. It eliminates the need to repeatedly spell out the full name of the degree, saving time and avoiding confusion. For example, instead of stating “Master of Business Administration,” simply using “MBA” is universally understood and recognized.

Additionally, master’s degree abbreviations aid in the ease of identification. Whether it’s on a resume, professional profile, or academic publication, including the appropriate abbreviation alongside your degree title helps others recognize your level of education at a glance. It adds credibility and professionalism to your credentials, without the need for lengthy explanations.

Furthermore, using master’s degree abbreviations can significantly save space in written materials. In today’s digital age, where character limits exist in various contexts, such as online forms, social media profiles, or email subject lines, having a concise abbreviation allows you to convey important information within these limitations. This not only maximizes the use of available space but also ensures that important details are not overlooked.

By embracing master’s degree abbreviations, individuals can simplify communication, enhance their professional profiles, and effectively utilize limited space. These abbreviations serve as powerful tools in conveying educational qualifications and achievements, facilitating clearer and more efficient interactions in both personal and professional spheres.

Understanding master’s degree abbreviations is essential for professionals in various fields, as they provide a shorthand way to indicate educational achievements and qualifications. Whether you’re in academia, healthcare, or any other industry, being able to decipher and utilize these abbreviations can streamline communication and facilitate a better understanding of an individual’s educational background.

This article has demystified the alphabet soup of master’s degree abbreviations, providing you with a comprehensive guide to the most commonly used acronyms and initials. From the Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) to the Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP), we’ve covered a range of nursing degrees and their corresponding abbreviations.

In addition, we’ve explored the abbreviations associated with professional nursing credentials, such as Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) and Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN), as well as nursing certifications like Certified Nurse Educator (CNE) and Clinical Nurse Leader (CNL). Understanding these abbreviations allows healthcare professionals to quickly identify qualifications and areas of expertise.

By using master’s degree abbreviations correctly and consistently, professionals can save time and effort when writing resumes, discussing qualifications, or identifying colleagues’ credentials. So, the next time you encounter a master’s degree abbreviation , refer back to this article for a quick and easy reference guide.

What are some common nursing degree abbreviations?

Some common nursing degree abbreviations include ADN (Associate Degree in Nursing), BSN (Bachelor’s of Science in Nursing), MSN (Master’s of Science in Nursing), and DNP (Doctor of Nursing Practice).

What do the abbreviations APRN, LPN, LVN, NP, and RN stand for?

APRN stands for Advanced Practice Registered Nurse, LPN stands for Licensed Practical Nurse, LVN stands for Licensed Vocational Nurse, NP stands for Nurse Practitioner, and RN stands for Registered Nurse.

What are some abbreviations for different types of nurse practitioners?

Some abbreviations for different types of nurse practitioners include ACNP (Acute Care Nurse Practitioner), CNS (Clinical Nurse Specialist), ANP (Adult Nurse Practitioner), FNP (Family Nurse Practitioner), GNP (Gerontological Nurse Practitioner), and PNP (Pediatric Nurse Practitioner).

What does it mean to be TCRN certified?

TCRN stands for Trauma Certified Registered Nurse, indicating that a nurse has specialized knowledge and skills in the area of trauma care.

What certifications can nurses obtain?

Nurses can obtain certifications such as CNE (Certified Nurse Educator), CNA (Certified Nursing Assistant), CNL (Clinical Nurse Leader), CNO (Chief Nursing Officer), CRN-A (Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist), NA (Nursing Assistant), AACRN (Advanced HIV/AIDS Certified Registered Nurse), ACRN (HIV/AIDS Certified Registered Nurse), ALNC (Advanced Legal Nurse Consultant), CBCN (Certified Breast Cancer Care Nurse), CDN (Certified Dialysis Nurse), CHPCA (Certified Hospice and Palliative Care Administrator), CRN (Certified Radiologic Nurses), and OCN (Oncology Certified Nurse).

Source Links

• https://www.snhu.edu/about-us/newsroom/health/nursing-acronyms
• https://www.dailykos.com/stories/2023/9/24/2195135/-Abbreviated-Pundit-Roundup-Misinformation-commons
• https://www.goodtherapy.org/blog/alphabet-soup-decoding-mental-health-credentials-0916145

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Undergraduate Creative Writing

Your writing career begins here

Why study writing at UCalgary?

Unleashing your imagination with us could be the start of something transformative.

Our program, bolstered by our connection to Calgary Distinguished Writers Program, has garnered both national and international recognition, making it one of the most dynamic and vibrant areas on our campus.

It's not just about honing your craft here

It's about becoming a part of a literary movement that's making waves.

Ignite your creativity with guidance from masters of the craft

Our Creative Writing instructors at the University of Calgary aren't just teachers; they are accomplished writers who have left their mark on a diverse range of writing genres, styles, and aesthetics.

Our faculty are constantly pushing boundaries, learning from experiences, and exchanging knowledge across disciplines.

Each year, the vibrancy of our program is showcased through a myriad of readings and performances. Our courses include instruction in creativity, publication, editorial work, and journalism.

Here, you won't just learn about writing; you'll live it, breathe it, and start something extraordinary with it.

Creative Writing faculty member Suzette Mayr won the 2022 Scotiabank Giller Prize for her novel, The Sleeping Car Porter.

Ryan Emberley Photography

What you'll learn

Emphasis on craft.

Our courses encourage diverse approaches to writing, but they're not courses in how to get published. They are intended to help you become a better writer.

Study language, structure, form and all the elements of poetry, fiction and creative writing in general. 

Anyone can take courses

You don't have to be an ENGL major to take Creative Writing courses. They are open to any student or community member who wants to apply, and they are all credit courses.

View courses

Enhance your degree with a creative writing honours project

Engage in a creative writing project as part of your Honours degree.

Contact us to learn more about your options.

Email our undergraduate program director

Earn an Embedded Certificate in Creative Writing

If you complete 18 units from the field of Creative Writing, you are eligible to earn an Embedded Certificate. 

View certificate details

How to enrol

Portfolio classes require permission to enrol.

Because you cannot register in portfolio admission courses until you receive permission from the department, you should register in a second-choice course if you are an undergraduate student.

View current course listings.

Open to all students.

Open to all senior students.

400- and 500- level Creative Writing courses

• Submit a writing portfolio to the instructor
• See specific details for each course, below
• The material you submit should match the genre of the course

Note on portfolio courses

The highly competitive nature of admission to Creative Writing courses means that  not all students get in . If you are not accepted when you first apply, we encourage you to try again another year, and to make an appointment with the Canadian Writer-in-Residence , who is available to provide feedback on your work.

Portfolio-based creative writing courses

Descriptions and application instructions for 2024/25 portfolio-based courses.

Fall 2024 | ENGL 436.04 Fiction: Long Short Stories and the Novella

Instructor: Suzette Mayr

Application Requirements:

To be considered for a place in this course, students must email an application form to [email protected]   by July 1, 2024

IMPORTANT:  Please include "ENGL 436.04 Application Portfolio" in the subject line of the email

BLOCK WEEK | Fall 2024 | ENGL 436.05 Popular Genre Writing

Instructor: Vivek Shraya

To be considered for a place in this course, please email [email protected]  

Fall 2024 | ENGL 595 Creative Non-Fiction Writing

Instructor: Clara A.B. Joseph 

To be considered for a place in this course, students must email an application form to  [email protected]   by July 1, 2024

IMPORTANT:  Please include "ENGL 595.04 Application Portfolio" in the subject line of the email

Winter 2025 | ENGL 593 Studies in Creative Writing: Poetry

Instructor: Anna Veprinska 

To be considered for a place in this course, students must email an application form to  [email protected]   by November 1, 2024

IMPORTANT:  Please include "ENGL 593 Application Portfolio" in the subject line of the email

Tips for creating a portfolio

In addition to reading carefully the specific details concerning portfolio submissions for individual courses, you should keep in mind the following general advice:

Try to demonstrate as wide a range of your writing abilities as possible. 

• For instance, in fiction a range of narrative possibilities (even if they are fragments) will demonstrate your abilities (a good descriptive scene, a good action scene, a good scene that employs dialogue) better than one or two “complete” short stories that might fail. 
• With poetry, instead of submitting a portfolio of 20 rhymed-stanza “hurtin’” poems about a love relationship you had that turned sour, include poems on other subjects and in other formats. Variety in the form and content of your submission alerts the instructor to the breadth and depth of your engagement with writing to date.

Your acceptance into the class (or not) is not necessarily an absolute judgment of your writing ability at this point. 

• We receive many more portfolios than there are places in Creative Writing classes, and if you do not get into one class, you may get into another in another year, or you may gain admission to a class in another genre. 
• If you are not accepted, please don’t be discouraged. Just keep writing (sign up for a  Continuing Education  Creative Writing class, if you can) and try again.

The questions asked on portfolio submission forms regarding your background (previous writing courses taken, which recent literary titles you have read, etc.) have no right or wrong answers. 

• They are intended to give the instructor a sense of what level of previous writing or reading experience the members of the class possess. This is useful information for the instructor in fine-tuning their course curriculum. 

Creative Writing faculty

View profile

Clara A.B. Joseph

Clem Martini

Suzette Mayr

L. Rain Prud'homme-Cranford

Vivek Shraya

Uchechukwu Umezurike

Aritha Van Herk

View profile  

Anna Veprinska

Joshua Whitehead

The Calgary Distinguished Writers Program launches the careers of Canadian writers, bridging the university and the wider Calgary community. The program offers free events, manuscript evaluations, and community connection.

Start something literary today

Planning your graduate studies? We offer MA and PhD degrees with a creative writing option. Learn more about our Graduate Creative Writing

Ready to apply to UCalgary?

Ready to start your application? Get all the information you need to apply today.

Start your application

Associate Head (Undergraduate Student Affairs)

Ask me about courses and the English program.

Dr. David Sigler [email protected] 

Arts Students' Centre

Ask us about admissions, degree programs, graduation and more.

Get help from the Arts Student Centre

Office location

Looking for office location, address or hours?

Visit our contact page

Graduate Writing Center

Abbreviations and acronyms - graduate writing center.

• Citations / Avoiding Plagiarism
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Abbreviations and Acronyms

Acronyms are a usefully concise way to refer to established entities and concepts. At the same time, using many acronyms or (especially) formulating entirely novel acronyms can make a document more difficult for nonspecialist readers. As always, it's important to consider what audience you're writing for and what effect certain ways of presenting information  will have on that audience.

The first time you use an acronym, spell it out fully, followed immediately by the abbreviated version in parentheses : e.g., Naval Postgraduate School (NPS). Note that spelled-out acronyms follow the same capitalization rules as any other text: the words are generally not capitalized unless they are proper nouns.

Subsequent spellings-out are unnecessary; however, sometimes, thesis writers will re-spell key acronyms at the beginning of a new thesis chapter.

Here are the primary abbreviation guidelines:

• Use periods after a shortened version of a person's name: e.g., A. W. Birmingham  
• Spell out "United States" when it is a noun  
• Abbreviate "United States" as "U.S." (with periods) when it is an adjective (e.g., U.S. foreign policy)  
• Otherwise, generally speaking, abbreviations and acronyms that contain two or more capital letters take no periods, while those that end in a lowercase letter include periods: PhD but Dr.  
• Use periods with Latin abbreviations: e.g., i.e., et al., etc.

Acronyms Links

• GWC writing mechanics module:  Abbreviations
• Dictionary: DOD Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms
• Handout: " Common Military Acronyms ," U.S. Army
• Webpage:  Military Acronyms, Initialisms, and Abbreviations , GlobalSecurity.org

Writing Topics A–Z

This index makes findings topics easy and links to the most relevant page for each item. Please email us at [email protected] if we're missing something!

A    B    C    D    E    F    G    H    I    J   K   L    M    N    O    P    Q   R    S    T    U    V    W   X  Y   Z

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Course overview

• Why study with ECU online

Learning outcomes

What you will study, entry criteria.

• Teaching team
• Frequently asked questions
• Speak to an advisor
• Download Course Guide

The Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing is designed to introduce students to fundamental principles and practices of modern creative writing.

It provides a condensed exploration of creative writing skills, empowering students to develop their writing abilities and express themselves effectively.

After completing your Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing, you can continue your studies to gain a Graduate Diploma of Creative Writing to refine your storytelling and literary finesse and a full Master of Creative Writing to master the art of storytelling.

*Duration depends on individual study path and unit availability. Please speak to a Student Enrolment Advisor for advice.

For more information about our fast-tracked master degree, contact one of our Student Enrolment Advisors on 1300 707 760 or request a call-back.

Why study a Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing with ECU Online?

Taught by top industry experts, enhance your writing craft, discover varied writing styles.

Don't just take our word for it, read the written works of our most notable staff and alumni, and feel inspired.

Images sourced from Amazon Australia .

The Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing is designed for students seeking to improve their writing skills.

You will gain an understanding of contemporary writing principles and practices, enabling you to develop as a proficient writer.

Refine your writing skills

• Develop essential creative writing techniques to ignite your creativity.
• Begin crafting the stories you're eager to share.

Discover your writing path

• Explore different writing forms through dynamic coursework.
• Apply your new skills to personal projects and writing goals.
• Customise your learning by choosing subjects aligned with your interests.

The online Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing consists of 3 units from a pool of 5.

Writing Fiction

• This unit introduces the fundamentals of writing fiction through reading a range of short stories.

Writing Realities

• This unit explores writing based on actual events, including history, biography, true crime and stories of place and family.

Writing for Performance

• This unit introduces skills for writing drama or monologue for performance.

Writing and Audience

• This unit cultivates a writer's understanding of their work with consideration of genre and readership, including online audiences.

Editing and Publishing

• This unit explores the business of writing, editing, and publishing, including processes and workflow for professional editing, seeking publication, and presenting the professional author platform.
• Managing People and Organisations
• Marketing for Leaders
• Financial Performance, Accountability and Risk
• Data Analytics and Organisational Decision Making
• Strategic Management and International Competitiveness
• Responsible Management
• Managing Change
• Transformative Leadership
• Business Innovation Project

Admission requirements:

To gain entry to the Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing, applicants must have:

• A bachelor’s degree in any discipline; OR
• Equivalent prior learning, including at least five years of relevant professional experience or students must submit a piece of published work.​​

Meet the teaching team

Donna Mazza

Associate Professor

Donna, a notable fiction writer and researcher, specialises in environmental and feminist speculative fiction. Her recent novel "Fauna" (2020) was shortlisted for Aurealis Best Science Fiction Novel. She's the author of "The Albanian" (2007), winning the TAG Hungerford Award. Donna is a prominent figure in conferences, festivals, and radio discussions, while also contributing to public art projects.

Dr. Aksel Dadswell

Aksel Dadswell is an award-winning West Australian horror and weird fiction writer. Holding a PhD in creative writing, his work explores race and belonging, featured in anthologies like "Test Patterns: Creature Features" (2018) and "Hymns of Abomination: Secret Songs of Leeds" (2021).

To find out more about our teaching team download the course guide.

Fees and FEE-HELP

The cost of our Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing is $10,800* for all 3 units.

To assist with some or all of your tuition fees, FEE-HELP is available for eligible students. This government-supported loan scheme is designed to help eligible full-fee paying students pay their postgraduate tuition fees.

To find out if you are eligible for FEE-HELP, you can contact one of our Student Enrolment Advisors on 1300 707 760.

*2024 student fees are shown and are subject to change.

Our Graduate Diploma of Creative Writing comprises 6 units and is a great option for students looking to enhance their writing skills through the application of modern principles and practices and apply these new skills to reach their creative and professional goals. Our Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing comprises 3 units and provides students with a foundational understanding of the techniques of creative writing practice.

If you do not have an undergraduate degree, you may be eligible for the Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing if you have equivalent prior learning, including at least two years of relevant professional experience or you arrange with ECU Online to submit a piece of published work. To find out more we recommend contacting our Student Enrolment Advisors to provide a tailored assessment of your eligibility.

At ECU Online we understand that everyone has different work arrangements, family responsibilities, locations and learning styles. This is why our postgraduate courses are offered 100% online, so you can balance your study with other commitments. As an ECU Online student, you will have access to academic and non-academic support.

Our accelerated online courses are developed by industry experts and engaged academics. You can easily connect with learning facilitators and course coordinators through our easy-to-use online learning environment to gain feedback and ask academic questions. You can also reach out to a Learning Advisor who can help with things like assessment writing, study skills and more.

You will have a dedicated Student Success Advisor available to you from when you start studying through to graduation. They will be available to provide non-academic support, such as assistance with scheduling time to study and more.

As an ECU online student, you also have access to all the support offered by ECU, both on-campus and online:

• Access and inclusion services
• Student health services
• Psychological counselling support
• Careers and employability services
• Student Guild, clubs, and associations

No, the Graduate Certificate of Creative Writing is 100% online and does not include any on-campus components. We have designed this course to be flexible so you can tailor your studies to fit your lifestyle.

Interested in accelerated online study at ECU?

Our Student Enrolment Advisors are ready to answer your questions. Send us an email or schedule a call-back at a time that best suits you.

• Eligibility & enrolment
• Course duration & fees
• How to fit study into your schedule
• Course entry and study pathways

Download course guide Enquire now

ECU is committed to reconciliation and recognises and respects the significance of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples’ communities, cultures and histories. ECU acknowledges and respects the Noongar people as the traditional custodians of the land on which our campuses are located.

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You must have an APAC Accredited 3 year Psychology degree or equivalent to be eligible for this course.

If you have not studied Psychology before, you may be interested in our Online Accelerated Graduate Diploma of Psychology.

You must be a Qualified Teacher to be eligible for this course.

If you’re not currently a Qualified Teacher, you may be interested in our on-campus Teacher Education course.

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Our Master of Education (Early Childhood Education) is designed for existing teachers, educators, directors and team leaders who wish to develop their skills.

This course does not provide students with the required registrations to become a qualified teacher.

If you want to become a teacher, you might be interested in ECU’s Master of Teaching courses

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Titles and Abbreviations Used in College

Students can use some abbreviations in academic writing, while others are inappropriate. Here is a list of abbreviations prepared by College-Writers team. Check out this list of appropriate abbreviations so that your paper will meet academic requirements.

College Degrees

• A.A. This abbreviation stands for “Associate of Arts.” It’s a two-year degree in liberal arts or a degree that covers a mix of sciences and liberal arts. You can use the “A.A.” abbreviation instead of the full name of a degree.
• A.A.S. Associate of Applied Science is a two-year degree in science or a technical field.
• A.B.D. All But Dissertation refers to students who have completed all the requirements for their Ph.D. degree but haven’t written a dissertation. Usually, this term is used when referring to doctoral candidates who are currently writing their dissertation or to indicate that a candidate can apply for positions that require a Ph.D. degree.
• A.F.A. Associate of Fine Arts is a two-year degree in a creative area, such as photography, painting, fashion design, sculpting, or theater. You can use this abbreviation in all papers, except for the most formal ones.
• B.A. Bachelor of Arts is a four-year undergraduate degree in sciences or liberal arts. You can use this abbreviation in all papers, except for the most formal ones.
• B.F.A. Bachelor of Fine Arts is a four-year undergraduate degree in creative arts. You can use this abbreviation in all but the most formal papers.
• B.S. Bachelor of Science is a four-year undergraduate degree in science. You can also use this abbreviation in all but the most formal papers. Keep in mind that most students enter college as undergraduates, looking for a four-year or two-year degree (bachelor’s and associate’s degree, respectively). Graduate schools are separate colleges in many universities, where students can choose whether they want to continue their education, looking for a higher degree.
• M.A. Master of Arts is a degree that students earn in graduate school. It’s awarded to students who study liberal arts for one or two years after getting a bachelor’s degree.
• M.Ed. Master of Education is a master’s degree awarded to students who pursue an advanced degree in education.
• M.S. Master of Science is a master’s degree awarded to students who pursue an advanced degree in technology or science.
• Dr. Doctor is a title used when referring to a college professor. Usually, this title refers to a Doctor of Philosophy. In many fields, it’s the highest degree. However, there are also fields where the master’s degree is the highest possible. It’s generally preferable to use this abbreviation when addressing professors in academic writing.
• Esq. Esquire is a title that has long been used to express respect. Usually, this title is used for lawyers, after their full name, for example: “John Smith, Esq.” You can use this abbreviation in both formal and informal writing.
• Prof. It’s acceptable to abbreviate “Professor” in informal and non-academic writing. The title is used before a surname.
• Mr. and Mrs. “Mister” and “Mistress” are considered outdated titles when used in academic writing. However, they are still used in very formal writing, such as invitations, and military writing. We suggest that you don’t use these titles when addressing a professor, teacher, or potential employer.
• Ph.D. Doctor of Philosophy is a title that comes after a name. It’s the highest degree earned in graduate school. This degree is also called a doctorate or doctoral degree. When you see correspondence signed with “Ph.D.,” you should address this person using “Dr.”

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AP Style Academic Degrees

Home » AP Style » AP Style Academic Degrees

Sometimes it is necessary to establish the credentials of a subject in your text. When you need to do this, the AP Stylebook prefers you to write out the title of a degree in a phrase and to avoid using an abbreviation. For example,

• Correct: John Smith, who has a doctorate in astronomy, showed us constellations in the night sky.
• Wrong: John Smith, who has a Ph.D. in astronomy, showed us constellations in the night sky.

Bachelor Degree or Bachelor’s Degree?

AP Style states that you should use an apostrophe in bachelor’s degree and master’s degree. For example,

• Correct: I have two bachelor’s degrees and one master’s degree.
• Wrong: I have two bachelors degrees and one masters degree.
• Wrong: I have two bachelor degrees and one master degree.

An associate degree, however, does not use an apostrophe. For example,

• Correct: I received my associate degree before my bachelor’s.
• Wrong: I received my associate’s degree.

There is also no apostrophe in Bachelor of Arts, Master of Science, etc.

• Correct: I have a Bachelor of Arts in Linguistics.
• Wrong: I have a Bachelor’s of Arts in Linguistics.

Abbreviation of AP Style Academic Degrees

Use such abbreviations as B.S., M.S., LL.D., J.D., and Ph.D. only when you need to identify many individuals by degree on first reference and doing so in the AP Style academic degrees preferred way would be cumbersome. You should use abbreviations like these only after full names, never after just a last name.

When an academic abbreviation is used after a full name, commas should set it off. For example,

• Charles Smith, Ph.D., will present tonight’s lecture.

You should never precede a name with a courtesy title for an academic degree and then also follow it with the abbreviation for the degree in the same reference. For example,

• Wrong: Dr. Smith, Ph.D., will present tonight’s lecture.
• Correct: Dr. Smith will present tonight’s lecture.
• Correct: Charles Smith, Ph.D., will present tonight’s lecture.

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Degree from a creative writing program: Abbr NYT Crossword Clue

We’ve solved a crossword clue called “Degree from a creative writing program: Abbr” from The New York Times Mini Crossword for you! The New York Times mini crossword game is a new online word puzzle that’s really fun to try out at least once! Playing it helps you learn new words and enjoy a nice puzzle. And if you don’t have time for the crosswords, you can use our answers for Degree from a creative writing program: Abbr crossword clue! If you want answers to other clues for the NYT Mini Crossword April 1 2023, click here .

Degree from a creative writing program: Abbr NYT Crossword Answer is:

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Certificate in Professional Writing

The Professional Writing Certificate is an 18-hour credit certificate that provides students the opportunity to develop advanced workplace writing skills that combine creative thinking, analytical skills, and practical application. The certificate requires successful completion of six writing-focused courses above the freshman composition level, including five at the junior and senior levels. As part of their final coursework, students will take E 430 Advanced Professional Writing, a project-based course in which students apply the skills acquired in the other certificate program courses.

Flexible Delivery Format!

The Professional Writing Certificate allows flexibility: students can choose to complete the entire program online or in a hybrid model that allows them to complete some courses in face-to-face format and others online.

Pre-requisites

Successful completion of E 150 English Composition I and E 151 English Composition II

Why get a Professional Writing Certificate?

Communication skills and the ability to compose and edit workplace documents are consistently in the top ten list of skills employers look for in employees. This certificate program can benefit current SC State students in other degree programs and individuals currently in the workforce and desire to enhance their work-related skills for potential advancement.

Advanced oral and written skills, the ability to work in teams, and the ability to compose and edit workplace documents are consistently among the top desired workplace skills. This certificate will be beneficial for a variety of careers.

Students who earn a certificate in Professional Writing at SC State will be able to do the following:

• Compose public, technical, and workplace documents.
• Create documents appropriate for target audiences.
• Collaborate effectively with fellow writers/colleagues.
• Effectively employ a variety of tools used for writing in a digital environment.
• Evaluate primary and secondary research for use in specific writing contexts.
• Design effective documents, including graphics and page design.

Who will teach me?

The courses in the Professional Writing Certificate Program have experience in teaching advanced writing courses, including work-related writing. In addition, the faculty have experience in composing such documents in their fields of English, composition, and mass communications.

What courses will I take?

All of these courses focus on the development of skills that writers need in the 21st-century workplace, including writing for digital contexts. In addition to sharpening their composition skills, students will create workplace documents, such as reports and proposals, and also practice their online skills through the creation of webpages and other digital media.

• JOUR 210 Writing for Mass Communications
• E 302 Advanced Grammar and Composition
• E 313 Creative Writing
• E 314 Public Writing for the Digital Age
• E 330 Professional Writing
• E 430 Advanced Professional Writing

Will I get professional experience?

In E 430: Advanced Professional Writing, students will work throughout the semester on a realistic professional writing project, starting with a formal proposal at the beginning of the semester and closing with the final product. Students may choose a project related to a problem or issue at their current workplace that they would like to address. As they work on their individual projects, students will work in teams assisting each other with feedback on their projects and developing shorter team-composed documents to assist their classroom peers with their work.

It’s Never Too Late!

Application deadlines, more information, technical requirements.

A computer with Internet connectivity is required for coursework delivered online. Additional technology requirements are listed on the course syllabus.

Tuition and Fees

eTuition : $552 (per credit hour)* Fees : $84 (per semester)

*eTuition rates are the same for both in-state and out-of-state students.

Financial Aid

A variety of financial aid and scholarship programs are available for eligible students. Contact the  Financial Aid for more information.

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Celebrating the Yale MD Class of 2024

Md class of 2024 commencement, commencement speaker francis collins, md, phd.

“You’re a bulldog doc who hails from Yale.” Commencement speaker — and surprise singer — Francis Collins, MD, PhD, National Institutes of Health (NIH) distinguished investigator in the Center for Precision Health Research, and former director of NIH, sang these words at the end of his address to the 103 MD graduates of the Yale School of Medicine (YSM) Class of 2024.

Borrowing a guitar from a student performer and singing to the tune of Simon & Garfunkel’s "The Sound of Silence," Collins drew loud applause and a standing ovation for his creative song, which began with the 2020 COVID-centric world — “Hello Fauci my old friend, I see you’re on the news again,” — and ended with a verse focused on 2024, which he told the graduates “is all about you.”

The song was a highlight of the celebratory, yet reflective, ceremony, for a class whose medical school experience was impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and polarizing societal issues —some affecting patient care. The responsibility of physicians, and addressing polarization more generally, were themes throughout the ceremony.

Therefore, let us rejoice

In their invocation, Class Presidents John Lyon Havlik, MD, MBA, and Ragini Luthra Vaidya, MD, MBA, recited and reflected on several passages from a poem the class had read during first-year orientation and again in the fourth-year capstone course: John Stone’s Gaudeamus Igatur , which means “Therefore, let us rejoice.” (Stone was a poet and cardiologist at Emory University.)

“For this is the day you know too little against the day when you will know too much For you will be invincible and vulnerable in the same breath which is the breath of your patients”

After reading this verse, Havlik and Vaidya noted the knowledge gained during medical school as evidenced through qualifiers, clerkships, and taking the United States Medical Licensing Exam, “and yet,” they said, “we each can admit we know a fraction of what we would want to, in order to become the physicians we aspire to be. There are the further unknowns of what medicine itself will look like, with the basic practice of medicine under attack in many states.” The co-presidents continued, “But this lifetime of learning, adapting, and questioning are what the Yale System , with all its freedoms and challenges, has been preparing us for. We have faith that each of you will continue to pursue endless knowledge, with compassion and humility, in the service of your patients’ well-being.”

"You give us hope in the future"

In her welcome and reflections, Nancy J. Brown, MD, Jean and David W. Wallace Dean and C.N.H. Long Professor of Internal Medicine, noted how many members of the class began in August 2020, when most classes were virtual and university COVID guidelines limited gatherings to no more than 10 people. “Over the last four years,” she said, “you have overcome the constraints imposed by COVID to become physicians. You have also wrestled with the role of physicians in society, in combatting racism of all forms, considering the rights of women and the medical ethics of abortion, creating a community that is inclusive and fair, and struggling with the tension between deeply held personal beliefs and your professional responsibility to care for all.”

Praising the graduates, she said, “You have taught us how to listen, and to hear what is behind the words. You have also learned to think critically and to probe deeply, to ask tough questions, understanding that the simplest answers are not always the correct answers. Only through an agnostic approach, open to all possibilities, will we solve the problems of medicine and humanity. This is the rationale behind the Yale System.”

Looking ahead, she continued, “You have demonstrated time and time again that it is possible to disagree passionately while caring for the individuals with whom you disagree. In so doing, you have set an example, and you give us hope in the future.”

In introducing Collins as Commencement speaker, Brown stated that “his visionary guidance and unwavering commitment to collaboration were instrumental” in the historic achievement of the Human Genome Project — an international endeavor to map and sequence the entirety of the human genome. Brown also noted that Collins’s 12 years as director of NIH — spanning three presidencies — made him its longest-serving director.

Commitment to objective truth

In his remarks, Collins recounted a research project he worked on during his fellowship at Yale. After months of hard work, he conducted the definitive experiment and “it was a complete and utter disaster.” Collins was “utterly devastated” and thought he should leave the program. However, to his surprise, neither his mentor nor the department chair “seemed at all rattled by this.” In fact, his chair told him how his own first research project “totally bombed out, how he learned a lot from that, and how it made him a better scientist for the rest of his career.” Collins’s advice to the graduates: "Failure is an inescapable part of being a physician and a scientist. Don’t fear it. Learn from it.”

Turning to his unexpected path leading the Human Genome Project and directing NIH, he advised the graduates, “Your life trajectory is likely to be very different than you expect today. Watch for those doors that open that you didn’t expect. Don’t be shocked when others close. Stay flexible.”

After describing the intense work and expansive collaboration that led to the remarkable scientific achievement of quickly developing highly effective vaccines for COVID-19, Collins said it initially “seemed like science had triumphed.” However, by the summer of 2021, large numbers of Americans were not getting vaccinated because of rumors and conspiracy theories about the vaccine. It is estimated that between June 2021 and April 2022, when vaccines were free and widely available, 234,000 unvaccinated Americans lost their lives. “These were deaths from science misinformation. I know of no other way to say it: our culture wars killed hundreds of thousands of Americans,” said Collins.

A wake-up call

Calling this “a wake-up call of the loudest sort,” Collins said, “These were good, honorable people who for a multitude of reasons lost trust in the scientific process.” Collins cautioned, “The consequences of this growing distrust of all institutions, including science and medicine, are truly serious for our nation, and for our world” — pointing, for example, to its impact on preparing for the next pandemic and addressing climate change.

Collins doubts the solution to the divisions and distrust will come from political leaders, since politics are so polarized. Rather, he said, “it is actually up to each one of us.” Collins challenged everyone “to a commitment to re-anchor ourselves to objective truth,” adding “there really is objective truth and there really are no alternative facts.” He urged the graduates to “have the courage to reach out to friends and family with different views to listen, really listen, and understand.”

More optimistically, Collins told the graduates that while we must address the inequities that riddle our health care system, “medical research, whether in development of vaccines, cures for rare diseases, neuroscience, or implementation of precision medicine for prevention and treatment of common disease, is at an exponential phase of rapid progress. Breakthroughs are all around us. For those of you with an interest in research, being part of this will be a fantastic adventure.”

Joint degrees & teaching awards

Thirty-five percent of the graduates received joint degrees, including twenty receiving MD-PhD degrees, nine MD-MHS degrees, and seven MD-MBA degrees, as well as four receiving a Certificate in Global Medicine that accompanies their MD degree. The Commencement ceremony also included the traditional bestowal of teaching awards. See the awardees and statements of praise from those who nominated them here .

Featured in this article

• Nancy J. Brown, MD Jean and David W. Wallace Dean of the Yale School of Medicine and C.N.H. Long Professor of Internal Medicine
• John Havlik
• Ragini Luthra

Related Links

• Recognizing Outstanding Teaching at Yale School of Medicine
• Commencement ceremony program