Indirekte Rede Verschiebung von Zeitformen (Backshift)
Unit 5 B
Backshift Meaning
Backshift Changes
indirect speech no backshifting
COMMENTS
Backshift in Reported Speech
Backshift in Reported Speech. He said: "I feel sad." He said that he felt sad. In simple terms, the structure of reported speech is: reporting clause [+ conjunction] + reported clause. he was hungry. John's original words: "I am hungry." We sometimes change the tense of the reported clause by moving it back one tense.
Reported Speech: Rules, Examples, Exceptions
Review: Reported Speech, Backshift, & Exceptions. Quick review: Normally in reported speech we backshift the verb, we put it in a verb tense that's a little bit further in the past. There are two situations where we don't need to back shift to the verb, we can simply use the same verb that the person originally used in the conversation:
Reported speech: backshifting
The modal auxiliary verb must does not usually change in indirect speech. However, it changes to had to when it shows obligation. Note that this change isn't strictly necessary. No backshifting. When the reporting verb is in the present tense, we do not backshift . 'I want to go home.' (Direct speech) He has been saying that he wants to ...
Time and Place in Reported Speech
direct speech reported speech; She said, "I saw Mary yesterday." She said she had seen Mary the day before. He said: "My mother is here." ... "Tense" is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back (backshift). "Time" refers to the actual time that something happens, such as "today" or "now" or "5 weeks ago".
Reported speech: indirect speech
Reported speech: indirect speech - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary
He said, she said: Reported speech and backshift of tenses
This is a very important particularity of reported speech and is called tense shift or backshift of tenses as (in most cases), the tense is shifted one tense back to the past. In the table below, you will find all the tense shifts that occur when the reported part of the sentence is preceded by a reporting verb in the past tense.
Backshifting
Backshifting is the alteration of verb forms in a new context to match the sequence of tenses from the original context. For example, if something was present then, it should be past later. Backshifting is important for Reported Speech so that we can better reflect the original context, which may not happen if we use the original tenses.
Reported Speech
reported speech (backshift) He said that he spoke English. → more on statements in reported speech. Questions. When transforming questions, check whether you have to change: pronouns; present tense verbs (3rd person singular) place and time expressions; tenses (backshift) Also note that you have to:
Backshift: the Sequence-of-Tense Rule in English
Richard Nordquist. Updated on December 06, 2018. In English grammar, backshift is the changing of a present tense to a past tense following a past form of a reporting verb. Also known as the sequence-of-tense rule . Backshift (or backshifting) may also occur when a verb in a subordinate clause is affected by the past tense in the main clause.
Backshift in Reported Speech
In simple terms, the structure of reported speech is: reporting clause [+ conjunction] + reported clause. he was hungry. John's original words: "I am hungry." We sometimes change the tense of the reported clause by moving it back one tense. For example, present simple goes back one tense to past simple. We call this change " backshift ".
Reported Speech Tenses Chart: How to convert tenses
Reported speech tenses will change from that of the direct speech in most cases. This is known as backshifting in reported speech, with the basic rule that a tense is shifted back to its past tense form. This is because we are usually talking about something in the past. You can also watch a video of this lesson:
The Reported Speech
1. We use direct speech to quote a speaker's exact words. We put their words within quotation marks. We add a reporting verb such as "he said" or "she asked" before or after the quote. Example: He said, "I am happy.". 2. Reported speech is a way of reporting what someone said without using quotation marks.
Reported Speech (Indirect Speech) in English
Reported Speech → Susan said (that)* she worked in an office. Here I is changed to she. 4. Backshift of tenses. If there is backshift of tenses in Reported Speech, the tenses are shifted the following way. Direct Speech → Peter, " I work in the garden." Reported Speech → Peter said (that)* he work ed in the garden.
Reported Speech in English Grammar
Introduction. In English grammar, we use reported speech to say what another person has said. We can use their exact words with quotation marks, this is known as direct speech, or we can use indirect speech. In indirect speech, we change the tense and pronouns to show that some time has passed. Indirect speech is often introduced by a reporting ...
Additional Information and Exceptions in Reported Speech
The expression let's is usually reported using suggest. In this case, there are various possibilities for reported speech: gerund or statement with should. Example: Let's go to the cinema. He suggested going to the cinema. He suggested that we should go .to the cinema. Exercises on reported speech. Additional Information and Exceptions in ...
Reported Speech
Rewrite the demands/requests in indirect speech. The passenger requested the taxi driver, "Stop the car.". → The passenger requested the taxi driver . to + same wording as in direct speech. The mother told her son, "Don't be so loud.". → The mother told her son . not to + same wording as in direct speech, but remove don't.
Reported Speech
Watch my reported speech video: Here's how it works: We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. ( Click here for more about using 'say' and 'tell' .) If this verb is in the present tense, it's easy. We just put 'she says' and then the sentence: Direct speech: I like ice cream. Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream.
Backshift of Tenses in Reported speech
Lily, "Mr Jones is rude to Samantha." Lily thinks (that) Mr Jones is rude to Samantha Mr Jones was rude to Samantha. . James and David, "We have to go now." James and David tell me (that) they have to go now they had to go then. . Backshift of tenses in Indirect/Reported speech in English, Simple Present, Simple Past - Free Online Exercise.
What is the backshifting rule in reported speech?
We use backshift when it is logical to use backshift. Eddy said "I am hungry" Eddy said that he was hungry. (Yesterday) Eddy just said that he is hungry. (Now) (No back-shifting required - not logical because Eddy is still hungry) When the main verb in the reported speech is in the present tense, the verb in the reported phrase does not change.
tense
Both sentences are correct. The change in the verb tense is optional in reported speech when the reported fact is still true. I would add a liittle addition: the modern usage tends not to backshift , even if it were necessary according to the established requirements of the backshifting.
Die indirekte Rede (Reported Speech) im Englischen
5. Anpassung von Orts- und Zeitangaben im Satz. Wenn im Satz eine Zeitangabe steht, dann wird auch die, je nach Situation, geändert. direkte Rede → Peter, "I worked in the garden yesterday .". indirekte Rede → Peter said (that)* he had worked in the garden the day before. direkte Rede. indirekte Rede. this evening. that evening.
IMAGES
VIDEO
COMMENTS
Backshift in Reported Speech. He said: "I feel sad." He said that he felt sad. In simple terms, the structure of reported speech is: reporting clause [+ conjunction] + reported clause. he was hungry. John's original words: "I am hungry." We sometimes change the tense of the reported clause by moving it back one tense.
Review: Reported Speech, Backshift, & Exceptions. Quick review: Normally in reported speech we backshift the verb, we put it in a verb tense that's a little bit further in the past. There are two situations where we don't need to back shift to the verb, we can simply use the same verb that the person originally used in the conversation:
The modal auxiliary verb must does not usually change in indirect speech. However, it changes to had to when it shows obligation. Note that this change isn't strictly necessary. No backshifting. When the reporting verb is in the present tense, we do not backshift . 'I want to go home.' (Direct speech) He has been saying that he wants to ...
direct speech reported speech; She said, "I saw Mary yesterday." She said she had seen Mary the day before. He said: "My mother is here." ... "Tense" is the grammatical form of the verb that in the reported clause we sometimes shift back (backshift). "Time" refers to the actual time that something happens, such as "today" or "now" or "5 weeks ago".
Reported speech: indirect speech - English Grammar Today - a reference to written and spoken English grammar and usage - Cambridge Dictionary
This is a very important particularity of reported speech and is called tense shift or backshift of tenses as (in most cases), the tense is shifted one tense back to the past. In the table below, you will find all the tense shifts that occur when the reported part of the sentence is preceded by a reporting verb in the past tense.
Backshifting is the alteration of verb forms in a new context to match the sequence of tenses from the original context. For example, if something was present then, it should be past later. Backshifting is important for Reported Speech so that we can better reflect the original context, which may not happen if we use the original tenses.
reported speech (backshift) He said that he spoke English. → more on statements in reported speech. Questions. When transforming questions, check whether you have to change: pronouns; present tense verbs (3rd person singular) place and time expressions; tenses (backshift) Also note that you have to:
Richard Nordquist. Updated on December 06, 2018. In English grammar, backshift is the changing of a present tense to a past tense following a past form of a reporting verb. Also known as the sequence-of-tense rule . Backshift (or backshifting) may also occur when a verb in a subordinate clause is affected by the past tense in the main clause.
In simple terms, the structure of reported speech is: reporting clause [+ conjunction] + reported clause. he was hungry. John's original words: "I am hungry." We sometimes change the tense of the reported clause by moving it back one tense. For example, present simple goes back one tense to past simple. We call this change " backshift ".
Reported speech tenses will change from that of the direct speech in most cases. This is known as backshifting in reported speech, with the basic rule that a tense is shifted back to its past tense form. This is because we are usually talking about something in the past. You can also watch a video of this lesson:
1. We use direct speech to quote a speaker's exact words. We put their words within quotation marks. We add a reporting verb such as "he said" or "she asked" before or after the quote. Example: He said, "I am happy.". 2. Reported speech is a way of reporting what someone said without using quotation marks.
Reported Speech → Susan said (that)* she worked in an office. Here I is changed to she. 4. Backshift of tenses. If there is backshift of tenses in Reported Speech, the tenses are shifted the following way. Direct Speech → Peter, " I work in the garden." Reported Speech → Peter said (that)* he work ed in the garden.
Introduction. In English grammar, we use reported speech to say what another person has said. We can use their exact words with quotation marks, this is known as direct speech, or we can use indirect speech. In indirect speech, we change the tense and pronouns to show that some time has passed. Indirect speech is often introduced by a reporting ...
The expression let's is usually reported using suggest. In this case, there are various possibilities for reported speech: gerund or statement with should. Example: Let's go to the cinema. He suggested going to the cinema. He suggested that we should go .to the cinema. Exercises on reported speech. Additional Information and Exceptions in ...
Rewrite the demands/requests in indirect speech. The passenger requested the taxi driver, "Stop the car.". → The passenger requested the taxi driver . to + same wording as in direct speech. The mother told her son, "Don't be so loud.". → The mother told her son . not to + same wording as in direct speech, but remove don't.
Watch my reported speech video: Here's how it works: We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. ( Click here for more about using 'say' and 'tell' .) If this verb is in the present tense, it's easy. We just put 'she says' and then the sentence: Direct speech: I like ice cream. Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream.
Lily, "Mr Jones is rude to Samantha." Lily thinks (that) Mr Jones is rude to Samantha Mr Jones was rude to Samantha. . James and David, "We have to go now." James and David tell me (that) they have to go now they had to go then. . Backshift of tenses in Indirect/Reported speech in English, Simple Present, Simple Past - Free Online Exercise.
We use backshift when it is logical to use backshift. Eddy said "I am hungry" Eddy said that he was hungry. (Yesterday) Eddy just said that he is hungry. (Now) (No back-shifting required - not logical because Eddy is still hungry) When the main verb in the reported speech is in the present tense, the verb in the reported phrase does not change.
Both sentences are correct. The change in the verb tense is optional in reported speech when the reported fact is still true. I would add a liittle addition: the modern usage tends not to backshift , even if it were necessary according to the established requirements of the backshifting.
5. Anpassung von Orts- und Zeitangaben im Satz. Wenn im Satz eine Zeitangabe steht, dann wird auch die, je nach Situation, geändert. direkte Rede → Peter, "I worked in the garden yesterday .". indirekte Rede → Peter said (that)* he had worked in the garden the day before. direkte Rede. indirekte Rede. this evening. that evening.