satyendra nath bose essay in english pdf

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Satyendra Nath Bose Essay In English

Satyendra Nath Bose was a well-known Bengali-Indian physicist and brilliant mathematician best known for developing the Bose-Einstein condensate alongside Albert Einstein and serving as the inspiration for the boson particle. Satyendra Nath Bose received a grade point average of greater than 100 when he was in fourth grade for finding multiple solutions to some difficult problems. He was the first one to set a new math record. Here are a few sample essays on “Satyendra Nath Bose”.

100 Words Essay On Satyendra Nath Bose In English

Satyendra Bose is the oldest of seven children and was born in Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Surendranath Bose, his father, was employed by the East India Railway's Engineering Department. Bose obtained the best scores while attending Calcutta's Hindu School and Presidency College. Professors like Prafulla Chandra Roy and Jagadish Chandra Bose encouraged him to aim high in life.

He was a professor in the University of Calcutta's physics department from 1916 until 1921. He returned in 1921 to teach in the Physics department at the brand-new Dacca University, now the University of Dhaka in Bangladesh. Surender Nath lived to the ripe old age of 96 and was still alert and active.

200 Words Essay On Satyendra Nath Bose In English

Achievements.

Satyendra Nath Bose served as an advisor to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research once it was established. He was also chosen to serve as the head of the National Institute of Science, the Indian Statistical Institute, and the Indian Physical Society. He was also named general president of the Indian Science Congress. A Rajya Sabha nomination was made for him. In 1958, he was named a Fellow of the Royal Society. Bose was given the Padma Vibhushan honour in 1954. Satyendra Nath was not awarded the Nobel Prize despite being nominated. In the world of science, having your name engraved in the language of the field was far more durable than receiving a Nobel Prize. Satyendra Nath Bose is one of the most renowned people in theoretical physics, and his discovery is still recognised as one of the greatest achievements of the 20th century.

My Inspiration

Bose was greatly influenced by his visits to Japan, where he observed professors instructing students about complex scientific topics in Japanese. He believed that students should be educated in their native tongues. His research and contribution to particle physics inspired me to study that field even more. I truly admire his passion and love for the subject.

500 Words Essay On Satyendra Nath Bose In English

Contribution in physics.

His main contributions were Satyendra Nath Bose's papers on statistical mechanics, the ionosphere's electromagnetic properties, X-ray theories, and many other topics.

Bose ultimately published a paper in which he had derived Planck's "quantum radiation law" in 1924, marking his most prominent and significant professional achievement. Without referencing any classical physics theory, he simply counted the number of identical states. This article was highly substantial because Planck's law had yet to be sufficiently demonstrated. Bose asked Albert Einstein to review an article he had written.

Bose's findings greatly impressed Einstein, who translated it into German and sent Bose's work and his personal recommendation to the prestigious European Physics Journal (known as the Zeitschrift für Physik). Bose's fundamental idea was utilised by Einstein, who later expanded the research into the mature science of material physics.

Quantum Mechanics: A fundamental theory in physics called quantum mechanics describes the physical characteristics of nature at the size of atoms and subatomic particles. All aspects of quantum physics, such as quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science, are built upon it.

With respect to energy, momentum, angular momentum, and other quantities of a bound system, quantum mechanics differs from classical physics in that these quantities are constrained to discrete values (quantization), and objects have characteristics of both particles and waves. There are restrictions on how precisely a physical quantity can be predicted before being measured, given a complete set of initial conditions (the uncertainty principle).

Bose-Einstein statistics: A group of non-interacting, indistinguishable particles may occupy a set of available discrete energy states in thermodynamic equilibrium in one of two ways, according to Bose-Einstein (B-E) statistics. The cohesive streaming of laser light and the frictionless creep of superfluid helium are explained by the aggregation of particles in the same state, a property of particles following Bose-Einstein statistics. Satyendra Nath Bose created the hypothesis for this behaviour between 1924 and 1925 after realising that a group of identical and indistinguishable particles may be distributed in this fashion. Later, Albert Einstein and Bose worked together to expand the concept.

Only particles not constrained to a single occupancy of the same state—i.e., particles that do not adhere to the Pauli exclusion principle restrictions—are subject to the Bose-Einstein statistics. These particles are known as bosons and have integer spin values.

The skill of Satyendra Nath Bose to conduct lectures without notes was legendary, and he was regarded as an inspirational instructor by his students. He learned to do this as a young person due to his weak vision. His contribution towards physics is unprecedented. He is the main reason I fell in love with this subject and want to achieve something great. I want to make my nation proud through my research and work, just as Satyendra Nath Bose did.

Bose was an exceptional example of both timeless vivacity and kaleidoscopic diversity. He produced two significant contributions to mathematical physics, the first in his 20s and the second in his 50s. His contribution is utterly trivial in publications.

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Satyendranath bose.

Respected Sir, I have ventured to send you the accompanying article for your perusal and opinion. You will see that I have tried to deduce the coefficient .. in Planck 's law independent of classical electrodynamics.

The high regard with which [ Bose ] was held in India can hardly be appreciated in the West, where respect for old age is much less developed than it is in India. Bose's shock of white hair and friendly personality was probably last in evidence ant a public function in January of this year, when an international symposium on statistical physics was held in Calcutta. Special references were made to his famous paper, and Bose himself also addressed the meeting, asking his colleagues to keep afresh "that wonderful spark" which gave fulfilment to scientific work.

References ( show )

• J L Heilbron, Biography in Dictionary of Scientific Biography ( New York 1970 - 1990) . See THIS LINK .
• Biography in Encyclopaedia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/biography/Satyendra-Nath-Bose
• Obituary in The Times See THIS LINK
• W A Blanpied, Satyendranath Bose: Co-Founder of Quantum Statistics, Amer. J. Physics 40 (1972) , 1212 - 1220 .
• M Dutta, Satyendranath Bose-scientist, patriot and man, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Statistical Physics ( Calcutta, 1974) , A 1 -A 13 .
• D Home, The man who chopped up light : ... the Indian physicist Satyendra Nath Bose... , New scientist 141 (1907) (1994) , 26 - 33 .

Additional Resources ( show )

Other pages about Satyendranath Bose:

• Times obituary
• Miller's postage stamps

Other websites about Satyendranath Bose:

• Dictionary of Scientific Biography
• Dictionary of National Biography
• Encyclopaedia Britannica
• A Google doodle
• Mathematical Genealogy Project
• MathSciNet Author profile
• zbMATH entry

Honours ( show )

Honours awarded to Satyendranath Bose

• Fellow of the Royal Society 1958
• Google doodle 2022

Professor Satyendra Nath Bose (1894–1974)

• First Online: 27 June 2018

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• Purabi Mukherji 3 &
• Atri Mukhopadhyay 4  

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Satyendra Nath Bose (Fig. 5.1 ), popularly known as Satyen Bose, was born the eldest and the only son of Surendranath and Amodini, in Calcutta, on 1 January 1894. Bose had six younger sisters. His father was a trained accountant in the Executive Engineering Department of the East Indian Railways and mother Amodini was a housewife.

Satyendra Nath Bose was a fellow of the Royal Society of London and his respective list of publications are available in the ‘Obituary’ notices published by the Royal Society.

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Department of Mathematics, Gokhale Memorial Girls’ College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Purabi Mukherji

Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata, West Bengal, India

Atri Mukhopadhyay

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Mukherji, P., Mukhopadhyay, A. (2018). Professor Satyendra Nath Bose (1894–1974). In: History of the Calcutta School of Physical Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-0295-4_5

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• Why does the graphic bio assume you have not heard of Bose?
• What were Bose's two main discoveries, and why were they significant?
• What was Bose's primary way of communicating with other physicists?
• What are some of the ways Bose's contributions to science are used today?
• How does the illustration of this graphic biography show the relationship between Bose and Einstein?

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• 13 May 2024

'Einstein’s death shattered Bose — he tore off an unpublished research paper in grief'

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Partha Ghose. Credit: Partha Ghose

Nature India : What inspired you to embark on a career in particle physics?

Partha Ghose : In 1961, I went to Imperial College London wanting to decipher what lies at the deepest core of matter. This was when physicists had already begun smashing atoms in colliders, churning out new transient particles to unveil the secrets of matter.

I was lucky to learn advanced physics from stalwarts in particle physics like Abdus Salam, P. T. Matthews and T. W. B. Kibble. In 1963, an opportunity to work briefly at CERN further spurred my interest in particle physics.

NI : How did you meet S. N. Bose?

PG : It was in mid-1963 that I met Bose, quite by chance. The famous Bengali pote Bishnu Dey, a relative of ours and Bose’s close friend, took me to meet Bose. They were immersed in discussion, and Bose suddenly turned to me and asked, ''Would you like to work with me?''. It was an offer I couldn’t refuse. He arranged everything very quickly and within days I joined his research group at the Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics in Calcutta as a junior scientist. I worked on particle physics, mainly on broken SU(3) symmetry which was in vogue at the time.

NI : How did Bose start interacting with Einstein and how was their relationship?

PG : Occasionally, Bose would reminisce about his interactions with Einstein. One day when I went to meet him at his residence, he started talking about the historic paper he sent to Einstein on 4 June 1924 along with a letter .

Bose told me that his deduction of the phase space factor in Planck’s law resulted in a factor of 4π instead of 8π. He went on to propose that the missing factor of 2 was due to the photon spin which could take only two values. In his letter back to Bose, “the old man” [Einstein] had crossed this portion out and said it was not necessary to talk about spin since the factor of 2 comes from the two states of polarisation of light.”

Bose said to me, ”I can understand a spinning particle, but what is the meaning of the polarization of a particle?” I asked him, "Sir, when the photon spin was eventually discovered, why didn’t you tell Einstein that you had already worked it out in 1924?” “How does it matter who discovered it,” he quipped. “It was eventually discovered, wasn’t it?”

In a second paper, which also Einstein translated into German and got published in Zeitschrift fur Physik , Bose proposed a probability law for interactions between matter and radiation. According to Einstein, it was inappropriate. He added a comment to the paper giving some reasons for his disagreement with Bose.

The first paper with Einstein’s strong endorsement made Bose famous. He moved to Paris on a two-year sabbatical from Dhaka University, worked in Maurice de Broglie’s and Marie Curie’s labs and arrived in Berlin in 1925 to finally meet Einstein. They discussed several issues including Bose’s new hypothesis of probabilistic interactions, but Einstein stuck to his point.

Despite their differences, Bose regarded Einstein as his master in physics. On 18 April 1955, Einstein died. The news shocked him into silence. He was writing a paper and was looking forward to discussing it with Einstein at a forthcoming conference in Switzerland to celebrate fifty years of Special Relativity. Bose tore that paper into shreds.

NI : Many say that S. N. Bose missed out on a Nobel Prize for physics.

PG : He deserved the prize for his seminal contribution to quantum theory. It led to the classification of particles into bosons and fermions and the prediction and discovery of Bose-Einstein condensates. Besides, his theories helped us understand superconductivity and superfluidity. Bose’s theories and insights shaped the works of many physicists. Some went on to win Nobel Prizes. But Bose, despite being recommended several times, was never considered for the prize.

NI : Apart from physics, you learned music, and played first-class cricket. Do you think science helps enrich music?

PG : Science can help explain music. The best example of this in India is Sir C. V. Raman who had a keen ear for Indian classical music. He could detect five harmonics in the 'mridangam' and the 'tabla' sounds. He did some experiments with Indian drums and circular membranes with central loads. He sprinkled white powder on them to see the patterns of vibrations formed as he kept changing the loads and the manner of striking. This led to a new understanding of the generation of harmonics in stretched membranes. His research in musical instruments earned him the Fellowship of the Royal Society of London even before he got the Nobel Prize for his work on light scattering.

NI : S. N. Bose advocated popularizing science in Bengali. Is it easier to communicate science through one’s mother tongue?

PG : Science is based on logic and requires precise language for its expression and understanding. Non-native speakers find it difficult to grasp the nuances of scientific terms in English. They often acquire wrong notions when they read science in English.

The language in which one dreams is one's mother tongue. Science can therefore take root and flourish in a country only when its citizens start dreaming about science in their mother tongue.

NI : What is your advice for young Indian students who want to pursue a career in physics?

PG : I will quote Bose’s last advice to me. ''Don't jump onto foreign bandwagons. Try to understand things in your way and say something new.''

Bose read the works of all leading quantum theorists of his time, including Einstein, with a critical mind, identified their shortcomings and went on to propose revolutionary new statistics. These days I see an undue rush to publish papers in reputed foreign journals, increase citations, and get quick recognition and promotion. This leads to derivative science.

doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d44151-024-00054-2

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• This Day In History Jan - 01

Birth of Scientist S N Bose - [January 1, 1894] This Day in History

Satyendra Nath Bose was an important scientist to hail from India. He was born on 1st January 1894. It is important to know about such great personalities for the IAS Exam .

Achievements of scientists can be asked in the UPSC prelims exam.

Important Facts about S N Bose for UPSC

What did S N Bose discover?

S N Bose’s interpretation which is called Bose-Einstein Statistics laid the foundation of quantum statistics.

What was the major contribution of S N Bose?

Satyendra Nath Bose is revered as the great Indian theoretical physicist renowned for his work on quantum mechanics. His area of research was the theory of relativity. In 1924, he derived Planck’s quantum radiation law in a paper without reference to classical physics. This paper proved influential in the creation of a new field called quantum statistics. Particles with integer spin came to know as Bosons. The name was suggested by Paul Dirac in Bose’s honour. Bosons are particles that obey Bose-Einstein statistics.

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Satyendra Nath Bose Information

• S N Bose was born as the eldest of 7 children of Surendranath Bose who worked in the engineering department of the East Indian Railway Company.
• Bose was a brilliant student throughout his school and college days. He stood first in his matriculation, and in his graduate and post-graduate exams. He passed with an M.Sc. in mixed mathematics from the Presidency College in Calcutta in the year 1915.
• One of his teachers at the college was eminent scientist Jagadish Chandra Bose .
• Bose started work in 1916 as a research scholar at the University of Calcutta.
• Till 1921, he worked as a lecturer in the Physics Department at the University of Calcutta.
• In 1921, he became a Reader in the Physics Department at the University of Dhaka (in modern-day Bangladesh).
• Bose sent this paper in a letter to Albert Einstein in Germany. Realizing the import of this paper, Einstein translated it into German and published it on Bose’s behalf in a prestigious German journal. The paper was named “Planck’s Law and Hypothesis of Light Quanta”.
• This recognition enabled Bose to work in Europe for two years alongside great scientists like Louis de Broglie and Marie Curie and Einstein himself.
• Einstein adopted Bose’s idea from the paper and applied it to atoms. This caused the prediction of a phenomenon which was later called the Bose-Einstein Condensate.
• The Higgs boson particle, more famously known as the God Particle is one of the many bosons.
• After work in Europe, he returned to work in Dhaka University as the head of the physics department.
• After the country’s partition, he returned to Calcutta and taught at the university till 1956.
• He continued research in nuclear physics, organic chemistry and applied research.
• Apart from physics, he was also interested in biotechnology, geology, zoology, engineering, anthropology and literature, both English and Bengali.
• Bose was appointed advisor to the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research after it was formed.
• He was also appointed the President of the National Institute of Science, the Indian Statistical Institute and the Indian Physical Society. He was also made the General President of the Indian Science Congress.
• He was nominated to the Rajya Sabha. In 1958, he was made a Fellow of the Royal Society.
• Bose was awarded the Padma Vibhushan in 1954. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize but was not awarded the prestigious award. Indians would feel disappointed at this snub but Bose himself was not outraged perhaps because in the field of science, having your name imprinted in the language of the subject was far more enduring than a Nobel.
• His discovery remains one of the top achievements of the 20 th century, and S N Bose is a name which rests right among the top names in theoretical physics.
• Bose passed away on 4 February 1974 at the age of 80 in Calcutta.

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Satyendra Nath Bose Biography – Inventions, Quotes, Contributions

Table of Contents

Satyendra Nath Bose was a well known mathematician as well as Indian Physicist specializing in theoretical physics. He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, proving the foundation of Bose-Einstein statistics and is the name sake of the ‘BOSON’. He was born into a middle class family on January 1, 1894 in British India’s capital city, Calcutta, Bengal Presidency. Today the city is known as Kolkata, located in the Indian state of West Bengal.

This article gives you a glimpse of Inventions, contributions, awards received, famous quotes and other important facts of the well known physicist and Mathematician Satyendra Nath Bose. Going through this article will be very useful in GK parts for the candidates who are preparing for various competitive exams.

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Biography of Satyendra Nath Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose was born into a middle class family on January 1, 1894 in British India’s capital city, Calcutta, Bengal Presidency. He was the eldest child to his parents and He was the son of Surendra Nath Bose. In his childhood Bose had attended the Hindu School and later he attended the Presidency College of Kolkata. Bose had remained a brilliant student all through his life and had excelled in every academic examination of his life.

During his lifetime he had come in contact with eminent teachers like Jagadish Chandra Bose and Prafulla Roy.

During the period 1916 to 1921 Bose had remained a lecturer in the department of Physics in the University of Calcutta . In the year 1921 he joined the Physics Department of Dacca University.

In the year 1924 Bose presented a seminal paper on quantum statistics. Initially his paper was not given much importance but when Einstein later realised the importance of his paper he submitted his paper to a prestigious authority and as a result Bose got the chance to leave India for the first time.

Bose returned to Dhaka in 1926 and was made the Head of the Department of Physics and continued teaching at the Dhaka University till 1945.

When partition of Bengal had become evident Bose had returned to India and had started teaching in the University of Calcutta. He retired from teaching in 1956.

During his lifetime Bose had met many eminent scientists like Marie Curie, Meghnad Saha and had worked in collaboration with them. Besides physics Bose had a lot of interest in many other fields like biochemistry and literature.

His interest in literature included studies both in English and Bengali. Bose had also carried deep studies in the field of chemistry, zoology, geology, anthropology, engineering and other sciences.

Bose was then appointed as the head of all the Physics department at University of Kolkata upon his return from the Paris in the 1927 and he then continued to hold this position until the year 1945. Bose then stopped publishing papers for a very long time after his return and instead chose to concentrate on other fields such as the philosophy, literature and the famous Indian independence movement. He was latterly awarded the title of the Padma Vibhushan by the Indian government itself, which is the second top highest civilian award in the India, and in 1959, he was appointed as the “National Professor” which is the most highest honor received by any scholar in India. Other great honors include adviser to the Council of the Scientific and Industrial Research, National Institute of the Science and appointment as the Fellow of the Royal Society in the London in 1958 and the president of the Indian Physical Society. Satyendra Nath Bose died on the February 4, 1974. The S.N. Bose National Centre for the Basic Sciences is located in the Salt Lake, Calcutta is named in his honor.

Contribution of Satyendra Nath Bose

• The main contributions of Satyendra Nath Bose were his papers on statistical mechanics, the electromagnetic properties of the ionosphere, the theories of X-ray and many more.
• In 1924, Bose made the biggest and the greatest breakthrough of his career when he finally wrote a paper in which he had derived Planck’s “quantum radiation law”. This he did by just counting the number of the identical states, without any kind of reference to any classical physics theories. This paper was of very immense importance as Planck’s law had not been successfully proven satisfactorily up to this level. This paper was submitted by Bose to Albert Einstein for his review.
• Einstein was considerably very impressed with Bose’s research and also translated it into German and further submitted his paper to the great European Physics Journal (known as the Zeitschrift für Physik) with his own personal recommendation. Einstein used Bose’s basic concept and then further extended the research into the developed field of material physics.

Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory in physics that provides a description of the physical properties of nature at the scale of atoms and subatomic particles. It is the foundation of all quantum physics including quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science.

Quantum mechanics differs from classical physics in that energy, momentum, angular momentum, and other quantities of a bound system are restricted to discrete values (quantization), objects have characteristics of both particles and waves, and there are limits to how accurately the value of a physical quantity can be predicted prior to its measurement, given a complete set of initial conditions (the uncertainty principle).

Bose–Einstein Statistics

In quantum statistics, Bose–Einstein (B–E) statistics describes one of two possible ways in which a collection of non-interacting, indistinguishable particles may occupy a set of available discrete energy states at thermodynamic equilibrium. The aggregation of particles in the same state, which is a characteristic of particles obeying Bose–Einstein statistics, accounts for the cohesive streaming of laser light and the frictionless creeping of superfluid helium. The theory of this behaviour was developed (1924–25) by Satyendra Nath Bose, who recognized that a collection of identical and indistinguishable particles can be distributed in this way. The idea was later adopted and extended by Albert Einstein in collaboration with Bose.

The Bose–Einstein statistics applies only to the particles not limited to single occupancy of the same state – that is, particles that do not obey the Pauli exclusion principle restrictions. Such particles have integer values of spin and are named bosons.

Inventions of Satyendra Nath Bose

Satyendra nath Bose was a noted Indian Mathematician, physicist whose contribution holds special place in the field of Indian Science.

Satyendranath Bose was an Indian mathematician and physicist noted for his collaboration with Albert Einstein in developing a theory regarding the gas-like qualities of electromagnetic radiation.

Satyendranath Bose is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, providing the foundation for Bose-Einstein statistics and the theory of the Bose-Einstein condensate.

The class of particles that obey Bose–Einstein statistics, bosons, was named after Bose by Paul Dirac.

He is best known for his work on quantum mechanics in the early 1920s, collaborating with Albert Einstein in developing the foundation for Bose–Einstein statistics and the theory of the Bose–Einstein condensate.

Awards conferred by Satyendra Nath Bose

National Professor Satyendra Nath Bose was elected as President of ISI in October 1967. He remained as President of ISI till 1974.

He had the close intimacy with ISI and PCM throughout his life. The Undergraduate Degree Courses of ISI was started in 1960. S N Bose inaugurated this Degree Course at a function held on 17 August 1960, at which addresses were also given by Prof. J B S Haldane and Prof. P C Mahalanobis. After the death of Girindra Sekhar Bose, Satyendra Nath Bose was appointed as the third Trustee at ISI. Later he became the Vice President of ISI in the same year. The  29th  anniversary celebrations of ISI commenced on 19 December 1960 and S N Bose, Vice-President of the Institute, was the guest speaker in this.

In its first Convocation of ISI, Professor S N Bose was conferred the Honorary Doctor of Science along with four other eminent persons like Sir Ronald Aylmer Fisher, Sri Jawaharlal Nehru, Academician Andrei Nikolayevich Kolmogorov and Dr. Walter Andrew Shewhart.

Fellow of the Royal Society

Fellow of the Royal Society is one of the awards granted by judges of the Royal Society London. Satyendra Nath Bose was honored with the fellowship of Royal Society on 20 March 1941.

Padma Vibhushan

The Padma Bhushan is the second highest civilian award among the awards in the country. Awarded for the recognizing service of a High Order to the Nation in any field. Satyendra Nath Bose received Padma Vibhushan in 1954 for outstanding contributions in Science and Mathematics.

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Quotes of Satyendra Nath Bose

• “A Man’s Daughter is his Heart. Just with feet, walking out in the world”.
• “You never know until it happens, what you will owe the dead”.
• “I almost vomited in the boot! I was just about to vomit in the boot! Can you imagine how upset I would have been?”
• “I knew unless I got stopped I was going to go all the way. I don’t know if I can run any faster. I just ran as fast as I could”.
• “Idealism, however impractical, gives a meaning to our existence”.
• “Culture makes the whole world our dwelling place; our palace in which we take our ease and find ourselves at one with all things”.
• “Bosons, by the way, are named for the Indian scientist Satyendra Nath Bose”.
• “I really enjoyed playing that Blind stuff because it’s a little more mathy and metal and as far as drumming goes, it’s a bit more fun”.

Instead of opting for a Ph.D, Bose decided to join the Calcutta University as a research scholar in 1916. He took up studies in the theory of relativity and served as a physics lecturer. Along with Saha, he wrote many papers on theoretical physics and pure mathematics.

The next year, his first paper on quantum statistics was published in the Philosophical Magazine. In 1921, he joined the Dhaka University’s physics department as a Reader. Three years later, he wrote a paper on Planck’s quantum radiation law which was seminal in creating the field of quantum statistics.

The publication led to recognition and Bose got an opportunity to work in Europe for two years at X-ray and crystallography laboratories, where he worked alongside Einstein and Marie Curie, among other renowned scientists of the time.

After teaching at the Dhaka University for almost 25 years, where he was also the Dean of the Faculty of Science, Bose returned to the Calcutta University in 1945 and taught there till retirement in 1956.

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Essay on Satyendra Nath Bose

Written by Shiksha Press

Published on: June 4, 2022

Essay on Satyendra Nath Bose in English

Satyendra Nath Bose was an outstanding Indian physicist. He is known for his important contributions to quantum physics. His research in quantum physics laid the foundation for the “Bose-Einstein statistics” and the “Bose-Einstein condensate” theory. There are two types of molecules in physics – bosons and fermions. ‘Boson’ The name of the great Indian scientist Satyendranath Bose has been given to keep it indelible in physics because this great Indian scientist gave a new direction to modern physics i.e. quantum physics. His works were appreciated by the great scientist Einstein and together with him, many theories were propounded. His research in quantum physics gave a new direction to this subject and many scientists who made new discoveries based on his discovery went ahead and got the Nobel Prize.

Born: 1 January 1894, Kolkata

Died: 4 February 1974

Achievements: “Bose-Einstein Theory”, a subatomic particle boson named after him, “Padma Bhushan” award.

Early life of Satyendra Nath Bose

Satyendra Nath Bose was born on 1 January 1894 in Kolkata. His father Surendra Nath Bose was working in the Engineering Department of East India Railway. Satyendra was the eldest of his seven siblings. He had his early education in a normal school near his home. After that he joined the New Indian School and then the Hindu School. After completing his schooling he joined the famous Presidency College in Kolkata. An interesting thing about him is that he kept getting the highest marks in all his examinations and he kept getting the first position. Seeing this talent of his, people often used to say that he would go ahead and become a great mathematician or scientist.

Carrier of Satyendra Nath Bose

He completed his M.Sc in the year 1915. (Mathematics) examination came first in first class and passed. The principal of the college, Sir Ashutosh Mukherjee was well aware of his talent, so he appointed Satyendra Nath to the post of Professor of Physics. He worked in this post from 1916 to 1921. He joined the newly established Dhaka University in 1921 as a Reader in the Department of Physics. After joining the post of lecturer in Dhaka University, he did important work in the field of physics and mathematics. This was the time of new discoveries in physics. German physicist Max Planck proposed quantum theory. It was in Germany that Albert Einstein propounded the “theory of relativity”. Satyendranath Bose was studying and researching all these discoveries.

Satyendranath wrote a paper named “ Planck’s Law and Light Quantum ” and sent it to be published in the British Journal, which was rejected by the editorial there. After this, he sent it directly to the great scientist Einstein. Einstein understood its importance and said that this paper was an important contribution in the field of mathematics and translated it into the German language and published it in the journal ‘Zit für Physik’. After this, both the great scientists worked together on many theories.

Meanwhile, Bose sent another research paper for publication in ‘Physics Journal’. In this paper, an error was pointed out when applying the ‘Maxwell-Boltzmann rule’ to particles like photons. The journal did not publish this paper and Bose once again sent this paper to Einstein. Einstein, while doing some more research on this, jointly published a paper in ‘Jeet für Physique’. This paper laid the foundation of a new branch of quantum physics called ‘Bose-Einstein statistics’. By this the properties of all types of boson particles can be detected.

After this Bose went on a tour of Europe from 1924 to 1926 where he worked with scientists like Marie Curie, Pauli, Heisenberg and Planck. He also met Einstein in Berlin. After about two years in Europe, Bose returned to Dhaka in 1926 and applied for the post of Professor at the University of Dhaka, but due to lack of Ph.D., he could not qualify for the post. . Then on the suggestion of friends, he took a testimonial from Einstein, on the basis of which he got this job. Bose lived in Dhaka from 1926 to 1945. Coming back to Kolkata in 1945, he was appointed Professor of Physics at the University of Calcutta and then retired from Calcutta University in the year 1956 and went to Santiniketan. He could not stay much in Shantiniketan and had to return to Calcutta in 1958. In the same year he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society and appointed a National Professor. Keeping in mind his outstanding achievement, the Government of India honored him with ‘Padma Bhushan’.

He died on 4 February 1974 in Kolkata. At that time he was 80 years old.

Time Line (Life Event Sequence)

1894: Born in Kolkata

1915: M.Sc in Mathematics Passed the exam by coming first in first class

1916: Appointed as Professor of Physics at Kolkata University

1921: Worked as Reader in the Physics Department of Dhaka University

1924: Wrote the paper “Planck’s law and quantum of light” and sent it to Einstein

1924–1926: Visited Europe where he worked with scientists such as Curie, Pauli, Heisenberg and Planck

1926-1945: Professor of Physics at Dhaka University

1945-1956: Worked as Professor of Physics at the University

1956-1958: Vice-Chancellor of Visva Bharati University in Santiniketan

1958: Fellow of the Royal Society and appointed National Professor

1974: He died on 4 February 1974 in Kolkata

(Sorry for the errors it’s translated)

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