essay new education policy

Essay on New Education Policy 2020

500+ words essay on new education policy 2020.

Education is a fundamental need and right of everyone now. In order to achieve our goals and help develop a just society, we need education. Similarly, education plays a great role in the national development of a nation. As we are facing a major change in terms of knowledge globally, the Government of India approved the National Education Policy 2020. This essay on new education policy 2020 will help you learn how this new policy has replaced the National Education Policy 1986 that is 34 years old.

Aim of the New Education Policy 2020

This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

This essay on new education policy 2020 will highlight the changes brought in by this new policy. Firstly, the policy proposes to open Indian higher education in foreign universities.

It aims to introduce a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate program with various exit options. Thus, this new policy will strive to make the country of India a global knowledge superpower.

Similarly, it also aims to make all universities and colleges multi-disciplinary by the year 2040. Finally, the policy aims to grow employment in India and also bring fundamental changes to the present educational system.

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Advantages and Disadvantages of New Education Policy 2020

The policy gives an advantage to students of classes 10 and 12 by making the board exams easier. In other words, it plans to test the core competencies instead of mere memorization of facts.

It will allow all the students to take the exam twice. Further, it proposes that an independent authority will be responsible for regulating both public and private schools . Similarly, the policy aims to diminish any severe separation between the educational streams and vocational streams in the schools.

There will also be no rigid division between extra-curriculum. Vocational education will begin at class sixth with an internship. Now, the essay on new education policy 2020 will tell you about the disadvantages of the policy.

Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

If we look at the present elementary education, we notice that there is a lack of skilled teachers. Thus, keeping this in mind, the National Education Policy 2020 can give rise to practical problems in implementing the system that is for elementary education.

Finally, there is also the drawback of the exodus of teachers. In other words, admission to foreign universities will ultimately result in our skilled teachers migrating to those universities.

To conclude the essay on New Education Policy 2020, we can say that this policy is an essential initiative to help in the all-around development of our society and country as a whole. However, the implementation of this policy will greatly determine its success. Nonetheless, with a youth dominant population, India can truly achieve a better state with the proper implementation of this education policy.

FAQ of Essay on New Education Policy 2020

Question 1: What does the New Education Policy 2020 aim to achieve by 2030?

Answer 1: This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in schooling. The plan is to achieve it by 2030.

Question 2: Give two challenges the New Education Policy 2020 may face?

Answer 2: Firstly, it can make the education system expensive. Meaning to say, admission to foreign universities will probably result in this. Further, it will create a lack of human resources.

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Essay on New Education Policy in 500 Words

Updated on
Dec 21, 2023

Essay on New Education Policy: Education policies are the rules and regulations implemented by the Central/ Federal and State Governments in their respective territories. The Ministry of Education implemented the New Education policy to make India a global hub of skilled manpower in the next 25 years; termed as ‘Amrit Kal.’ The Government aims to build a Developed India by 2047. The New Education Policy 2023 in India has replaced the three-decade-old policy and transformed the education system. The New Education Policy 2023 highlights the ‘Transformation is the Mantra’ for growth and prosperity. The New Education Policy will modernize the education system and the related laws and rules that govern the operation of the academic realm.

Shiva Tyagi

With an experience of over a year, I've developed a passion for writing blogs on wide range of topics. I am mostly inspired from topics related to social and environmental fields, where you come up with a positive outcome.

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Essay on New Education Policy

India’s New Education Policy (NEP) is a significant and transformative step towards improving the country’s education system. This comprehensive policy aims to bring about positive changes in the way children are educated and prepared for the future. In this essay, we will explore the key aspects of the NEP, its importance, and how it can benefit students and the nation as a whole.

A Need for Change

The NEP was introduced in 2020 to address the shortcomings of the previous education system. India’s education system faced challenges such as rote learning, a lack of practical skills, and limited access to quality education, especially in rural areas. The NEP recognizes these issues and seeks to provide a more holistic and inclusive approach to education.

A Holistic Approach

One of the fundamental principles of the NEP is to provide a holistic education that focuses on overall development. It emphasizes not only academic knowledge but also the development of life skills, critical thinking, creativity, and ethical values. This approach aims to produce well-rounded individuals who are better prepared to face the challenges of the modern world.

Flexible and Multidisciplinary Learning

The NEP promotes flexibility in education by allowing students to choose from a wide range of subjects and pursue their interests. It introduces a multidisciplinary approach, where students can study subjects from different fields, encouraging a broader understanding of knowledge. This flexibility empowers students to explore their passions and talents.

Early Childhood Education

The NEP recognizes the importance of early childhood education. It aims to provide quality early childhood care and education to children, focusing on their cognitive, emotional, and social development. This early foundation is crucial for a child’s future success in school and life.

Digital Learning and Technology

In today’s digital age, technology plays a significant role in education. The NEP acknowledges this and promotes the integration of technology in classrooms. It aims to provide digital resources and tools to enhance learning, making education more engaging and accessible, especially in remote areas.

Vocational Education and Skills

The NEP places a strong emphasis on vocational education and skill development. It aims to equip students with practical skills that are essential for employment and entrepreneurship. This focus on vocational education can reduce unemployment and empower students to become self-reliant.

Inclusivity and Equal Access

Inclusivity is a core principle of the NEP. It seeks to ensure that education is accessible to all, regardless of their background or location. Special provisions are made for children with disabilities to ensure they receive quality education. The NEP also addresses gender disparities in education, promoting equal opportunities for boys and girls.

Teacher Training and Professional Development

Quality education requires well-trained and motivated teachers. The NEP recognizes this and emphasizes the need for teacher training and professional development. It aims to enhance the skills and knowledge of teachers, enabling them to provide better guidance and support to students.

Conclusion of Essay on New Education Policy

In conclusion, India’s New Education Policy is a bold and forward-looking initiative that has the potential to transform the nation’s education system. It focuses on holistic development, flexibility, early childhood education, technology integration, vocational skills, inclusivity, and teacher training. By implementing these reforms, the NEP can pave the way for a brighter future for India, where every child has access to quality education and the opportunity to reach their full potential. As we move forward with the NEP, let us remember that investing in education is an investment in the future of our nation.

Also Check: Simple Guide on How To Write An Essay

New National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: Analysis

From Current Affairs Notes for UPSC » Editorials & In-depths » This topic

The Union Cabinet approved a new national education policy recently after a big gap of 34 years . After long deliberations and two committees since 2014, the union cabinet has finalized a comprehensive policy that strives to direct the education system in India in the 21 st century. With an aim to make India a knowledge superpower, the policy proposes some fundamental changes within the education system.

IAS EXPRESS OWNS THE COPYRIGHT TO THIS CONTENT

This topic of “New National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: Analysis” is important from the perspective of the UPSC IAS Examination , which falls under General Studies Portion.

What is the importance of education in Indian traditions and the legal-constitutional framework?

Education is fundamental for achieving full human potential , developing an equitable and just society, and promoting national development.
The pursuit of knowledge (Jnan), wisdom (Pragya), and truth (Satya) was always considered in Indian thought and philosophy as the highest human goal.
World-class institutions of ancient India such as Takshashila, Nalanda, Vikramshila, Vallabhi , set the highest standards of multidisciplinary teaching and research and hosted scholars and students from across backgrounds and countries.
The leaders of the freedom struggle also thought of education as an important aspect of nation-building . Especially Mahatma Gandhi thought of education as a process of realization of the best in man- body, soul, and spirit. He put forth the idea of “ Buniyaadi Shiksha”.
Post-independence modern India also focused on education through various commissions such as the Radhakrishnan Commission, Kothari Commission , etc.
Part IV of the Indian constitution, article 45 and 39(f) have provision for state-funded education with equitable and accessible character.
The 42nd amendment to the constitution moved education from state list to concurrent list-making way for overall standardization on the national level.
The 86th amendment made the right to education an enforceable fundamental right (Article 21A).
Subsequently, the Right to Education Act, 2009 provides for universal education to all children between ages 6 and 14.
Education has been one of the foundational sectors in the national developmental planning.

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What is the need for a new education policy?

More than three decades have passed since the last education policy was released. The new education policy, 1986, and its modifications in 1992 were suited to its times and serves as a guiding light to the current policy.
But after these policies and especially since 1992, monumental changes have taken place in society, economy, country, and world . In this context, our education system needs to gear itself for the 21st century.
Since the last education policy, India has liberalized its economy , population has witnessed a massive growth of 65%, there is a sizable aspirational middle class .
There is a paradigm shift in every sector globally, largely taken over by massive developments in technology . Experts feel that most of the education given in schools and colleges and skills acquired worldwide today will not be useful in the next 30 odd years. That is the scale and speed of evolution we are going through.
While this is what the future looks like, our education system remains plagued by age-old problems of lack of reach, quality, and professionalism.
Though we have increased literacy rates significantly, the “Buniyaadi Shiksha” of Gandhi ’s dreams is far from a reality.
The successive reports of ASER pictures a sorry state of affairs in the education system. The poor learning outcomes , gaps between textbook teaching and real-life vocations, huge imbalance in rural-urban, private-public educational sectors.
The issues in pedagogy have been highlighted time and again which focuses on rote learning , excessive, and sometimes lethal, competition of marks and ranks.
The marketization of the education sector is one of the phenomena after liberalization. The illogical growth of educational institutional creating imbalances in the number of graduates and requirement in respective fields have created a category of “educated unemployed” in our country. This can be seen through the examples of the growth of engineering and management colleges and the condition of the majority of graduates from these colleges.
There is also an issue of implementation of educational schemes like universal education as the school dropout rates continue to remain high.
This can be attributed to the perception of the non-utility of formal education and the inability to connect and utilize it to real-life existential problems.
The curricula in various education act isolated silos of particular disciplines creating one-dimensional literates. The lack of interdisciplinary approach as adopted in some of the developed countries is a major cause of concern for experts.
On the backdrop of such issues comes the New Education Policy-2020. We analyze here the salient features of the new policy in the wake of the above issues.

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What are the salient features of New Education Policy-2020?

The final policy is based on the draft report submitted by Dr. K. Kasturirangan committee which was constituted by the Ministry of HRD in 2017.
Apart from accepting the report, the cabinet also approved a change in name of Ministry of HRD to Education Ministry.
The New Education Policy deals with School education and higher education comprehensively and provides key targets and fundamental overhaul of the education system. The important points of the policy are as follows:

School Education

Recognizing that over 85% of a child’s cumulative brain development occurs prior to the age of 6 , to ensure healthy brain development and growth, the current form of 10+2 structure will be transformed to new 5+3+3+4 structure , with a strong base of Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE) from age 3.

A National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE ) will be developed by NCERT in two parts (0-3 and 3-8)
various reports indicate that a large proportion of students currently in elementary school have not attained foundational literacy and numeracy (the ability to read and comprehend basic text and basic calculation).
So, the Priority of the education system will be to achieve universal foundational literacy and numeracy in primary school by 2025.
To achieve this goal, there is a proposal to set up a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD) on priority.
Accordingly, all State/UT governments will immediately prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy by 2025
The policy aims that a pupil-teacher ratio (PTR) of under 30:1 will be ensured at the level of each school ( 25:1 for socio-economically backward areas ).
Recognizing that morning hours after a nutritious breakfast can be particularly productive for the study of cognitively more demanding subjects, a simple but energizing breakfast in addition to midday meals will be provided.
Where the Gross Enrolment ratio (GER) for Grades 6-8 is 90.9%, for Grades 9-10 and 11-12 it is only 79.3% and 56.5%, respectively – indicating a significant amount of drop out after Grade 5 and even more after Grade 8.
The policy prioritizes bringing these children back into the educational fold, intending to achieve 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio in preschool to secondary level by 2030 .
Curriculum will be reduced to its core essentials for each subject for encouraging critical thinking and inquiry-based, discovery-based, and analysis-based learning.
There is a provision for vocational training along with internships during school .
Holistic development and a wide choice of subjects and with no hard separation among different subjects and disciplines will be the hallmark of the new system of curriculum.
Wherever possible, until at least Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond, the medium of instruction will be mother tongue (local language/regional language ).
The policy accepts three-language formula , however, there will be a greater flexibility in the three-language formula, and no language will be imposed on any State.
The formulation of a new and comprehensive National Curricular Framework for School Education, NCFSE 2020-21, will be undertaken by the NCERT .
The progress card for school-based assessment will be completely redesigned to make it a holistic, 360-degree, multidimensional report that reflects the uniqueness of each learner.
While continuing board exams for grades 10 and 12, the policy suggests that the need for undertaking coaching classes should be eliminated.
Board exams will be reformed so that they test primarily core capacities/competencies rather than memorization capacity .
The policy proposes to set up PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), a national assessment center, as a standard-setting body under MHRD for all recognized school boards of India .

Higher Education

Higher education plays an extremely important role in promoting human as well as societal wellbeing and in developing India as envisioned in its Constitution . It contributes towards sustainable livelihoods and economic As India moves towards becoming a knowledge economy and society, more and more young Indians are likely to aspire for higher education.
Given the 21st century requirements, quality higher education must aim to develop good, thoughtful, well-rounded, and creative individuals.
Policy highlights some of the major problems of higher education such as:
a severely fragmented higher educational ecosystem;
a rigid separation of disciplines , with early specialization and streaming of students into narrow areas of study;
limited teacher and institutional autonomy ;
inadequate mechanisms for merit-based career management and progression of faculty and institutional leaders
suboptimal governance and leadership of HEIs
low standards of undergraduate education due to large affiliating universities.

for higher education sector policy envisages following actions

The main thrust of this policy regarding higher education is to end the fragmentation of higher education by transforming higher education institutions into large multidisciplinary universities , colleges, and HEI clusters/Knowledge Hubs, each of which will aim to have 3,000 or more students
Policy suggests that by 2040, all higher education institutions shall aim to become multidisciplinary institutions .
Colleges will be encouraged , mentored, supported, and incentivized to gradually attain the minimum benchmarks required for each level of accreditation . It is envisaged that every college would develop into either an autonomous degree-granting College, or a constituent college of a university over a period of time.
The undergraduate degree will be of 3 or 4-year duration , with multiple exit options within this period, with appropriate certifications.
An Academic Bank of Credit (ABC ) shall be established to digitally store the academic credits earned from various recognized HEIs so that the degrees from an HEI can be awarded taking into account credits earned
HEIs will have the flexibility to offer different designs of Master’s programs
Undertaking a Ph.D. shall require either a Master’s degree or a 4-year Bachelor’s degree with Research. The Phil. program shall be discontinued .
Entry into quality higher education can open a vast array of possibilities that can lift both individuals as well as communities out of the cycles of disadvantage. For this reason, making quality higher education opportunities available to all individuals must be among the highest priorities
For this purpose, additional actions that are specific to higher education shall be adopted by all Governments and HEIs:
Earmarking appropriate funds for the education of socio-economically disadvantaged group (SEDGs)
Enhance gender balance in admissions to HEIs (including transgenders )
Enhance access by establishing high-quality HEIs in aspirational districts and Special Education Zones.
According to the Justice J. S. Verma Commission (2012), a majority of Teacher training institutes are not even attempting serious teacher To do away this, the Regulatory System shall be empowered to take stringent action against substandard and dysfunctional teacher education institutions.
The 4-year integrated B.Ed. offered by such multidisciplinary HEIs will, by 2030, become the minimal degree qualification for school teachers.
The policy targets Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education to be increased to 50% (current 26.3%) by 2035.
The National Research Foundation will be created for fostering research culture and building research capacity in higher education.
The policy reiterates the government’s move to set up the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI) as a single umbrella body for the entire higher education ( excluding medical and legal education).
HECI will be having four independent parts :
National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC),
General Education Council (GEC),
Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC),
National Accreditation Council (NAC).
Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation and academic standards
Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years with an aim to develop them into either an autonomous or a constituent college of a university.

Other changes

Policy proposes a National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration.
an outstanding adult education curriculum framework will be developed by a new and well-supported constituent body of the NCERT along with necessary infrastructure that enables lifelong learning.
A fee cap will be provided for private education institutions of higher learning.
It also paves the way for foreign universities to set up campuses in India, and also top Indian educational institutions will be encouraged to go global.
Centre to set up a ‘ Gender Inclusion Fund’ to build the country’s capacity to provide equitable quality education to all girls and transgender students.
Special education zones will be set up for socio-economically disadvantaged groups which are broadly categorized on gender identities (transgender included), socio-economic identities (SC, ST, OBC, minorities), and geographical identities.
It also reiterates aim to increase the public investment in the Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest (from current levels of 4.6%)

What is the significance of the new education policy?

The educational policy has recognized the importance of formative years along with necessary learning conditions like nutrition and expert teachers.
A very important and potentially game-changing policy initiative is the inclusion of vocational courses in the school curriculum . This will help in encouraging disadvantaged sections who see no value in education to send their kids to school.
It has expanded the ambit of universal education from 6-14 years to 3-18 years which is a welcome step.
One of the major points of conflict on the medium of instruction has been dealt with and there is a categorical support for three-language formula and suggestion of teaching in mother tongue/local language for at least 5th class.
This is a significant policy suggestion when the Indian education system is moving away from excessive English-medium orientation. There is an increasing neglect of local languages and mother tongue and illogical and unscientific hysteria towards English medium schools.
The higher education regulatory system is set to change for good by eliminating the concentration of functions in UGC.
The higher education sector through this policy gets an encouragement for multi-disciplinary nature through suggestions to do away with silos mentality when it comes to disciplines. This will create an all-around and enriched personality by interacting with a variety of subjects.
There is a good amount of discussion in the policy on Socio-economically backward areas and people. The transgender community’s needs have been recognized in the policy.
The policy proposes opening up to more foreign universities and likewise encourages more top-class Indian universities to go global. This is a welcome step as it will create healthy competition in the Indian higher education system , save important forex reserves as a huge number of students opt to go abroad for higher education.
So, in all, this policy tries to achieve a rare balance of quantity and quality in the educational sector while trying to propel it to a higher level of excellence It strives to prepare the Indian education system for the challenges of 21st-century building on past experiences and policies.

What are the issues with the new education policy?

Some of the proposals face legal challenges . Like the draft bill for Higher Education Commission of India has been pending with the Ministry and unlikely to be published for feedback soon.
Though the policy aims to break the coaching class culture and ensuing monopoly of English medium schools, in reality, to implement this will require sufficient political will . Experts feel this to be a difficult task.
The same is the case with teachers training institutions where a Education. The low-quality institutions are run largely for-profit motives without sufficient care for the needs of teachers training
One of the most important neglected points is the policy of no exams till the 7th or 8th standard . This policy has been heavily criticized for impacting learning outcomes in the absence of exams at the school level.
The free breakfast scheme proposed though a sound move, will increase the fiscal burden and add on to already inefficient mid-day meal scheme that has seen irregularities and corruption over the years.
The suggestion to spend 6% of the GDP on education is there since the Kothari Commission but consecutive governments have failed to achieve the target that was set long ago.
Given the low tax-GDP ratio and current slowdown condition, the implementation expenditure of 6% GDP in the education sector seems difficult. Especially when in the coming years, healthcare and defense sectors are set to demand more expenditure.
As discussed earlier, there is a mismatch in the skill imparted in educational institutions and jobs available. This important issue has been largely ignored in the policy . Especially, there is insufficient discussion on new-age technologies like Artificial Intelligence, cyber security , etc when these fields are set to dominate world knowledge and job space.
The majority of experts feel that though policy speaks of encouraging reason and critical thinking, campus activities, the real actions on the ground differ as can be seen from attacks on campuses and critical thinkers in the last few years.

Way Forward

The Policy looks strong ad forward-looking on paper. The officials have said that the policy has been finalized after long and extensive deliberations across the stakeholder sectors. This is a welcome step.
What needs to be done now according to experts from various fields that there is a need for a comprehensive roadmap of implementation as previous policies also promised things that were not fulfilled.
The school-level reforms touch most of the aspects. Care should be taken that in the quest of making exams easier, we don’t create a numerical surge in passed students without any real term knowledge base . The current system of giving high marks in 10 and 10+2 level exams have been criticized by many educational experts.
The policy of a multi-disciplinary approach in higher education is welcome but a foolproof framework needs to be created so that the core interests and preferred knowledge streams are not neglected.
As Education is in the concurrent list, there remains a huge task of consensus-building among states. The cooperative federalism approach is most conducive to critical fields like education.
The COVID-19 pandemic has shown that there is a need to build huge digital capacities to digitize the education sec The lack of online teaching facilities is hampering the education and there is a fear of washing away of this academic year.
The BharatNet scheme may be extended to include digital infrastructure for public and private schools throughout the nation .
The vocational training program for school children needs synergy between the ministries of HRD, skill development, and labor.

The New Education Policy-2020 represents aspirations to become a knowledge powerhouse of the world inculcating the best of the global educational experiments. The global education development agenda reflected in the Goal 4 (SDG4) of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development , adopted by India in 2015 – seeks to “ensure inclusive and equitable quality education and promote lifelong learning opportunities for all” by 2030. The Education policy is a step in the right direction given it is implemented throughout the long period it targets.

Practice Question for Mains

Critically analyze the New Education Policy-2020 in the light of challenges to the education system in India. (250 words)

https://www.mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English.pdf

https://www.thehindu.com/education/the-hindu-explains-what-has-the-national-education-policy-2020-proposed/article32249788.ece

https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/reading-new-education-policy-india-schools-colleges-6531603/

https://www.livemint.com/education/news/new-education-policy-five-big-changes-in-school-higher-education-explained-11596098141333.html

https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/home/education/news/national-education-policy-2020-all-you-need-to-know/articleshow/77239854.cms

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National Education Policy (NEP 2020)

The Union Cabinet approved the National Education Policy (NEP) in July 2020. This policy will usher in sweeping changes to the education policy of the country, including a renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development as the Education Ministry. This article on education in India is aligned with the UPSC Syllabus and is relevant for prelims and mains examination.

National Education Policy 2020 UPSC Notes Download PDF Here

Education and topics related to education in India are relevant for the IAS Exam and are often seen in the news and hence are important for the UPSC Mains. Aspirants can find notes for UPSC Mains General Studies topics from the links given at the end of the article.

Candidates must read about NIPUN Bharat Programme that has been launched as a part of New Education Policy 2020, in June 2021.

The Union Cabinet has approved the new National Education Policy 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system – from the school to the college level.

Its aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”.
The Cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the Ministry of Education.
The New Education Policy cleared by the Cabinet is only the third major revamp of the framework of education in India since independence.
The two earlier education policies were brought in 1968 and 1986.

Aspirants should read about New Education Policy along with other education-related topics to holistically cover this article. Such similar articles are linked below:

In this article, you will get the following facts about the new National Education Policy 2020 for the UPSC exam:

What is the new National Education Policy 2020?

National Education Policy of India – Background:

The Ministry of Human Resource Development formed a Committee chaired by Dr K. Kasturirangan for preparing the National Education Policy. The Committee was constituted in June 2017. The Committee submitted its report on May 31, 2019.

The National Policy on Education covers elementary and university education in urban as well as rural India.

The very first policy for education was promulgated in 1968 with the second one following in 1986.
The first NPE was based on the recommendations of the Education Commission (1964-66). This policy sought to have a ‘radical restructuring’ of India’s educational system and equalizing opportunities for education for all, to accomplish national integration and better economic and cultural development.
The NPE also called for realizing compulsory education for every child until the age of fourteen, as mentioned in the Indian Constitution.
It also aimed at providing enhanced training and improving teachers’ qualifications.

Compare NEP 2020 with NEP 1991 in the linked article.

Some relevant points from the official NEP 2020 PDF that can be useful for the UPSC Mains Exam:

NEP 2020 is the 21st Century’s first education policy in India.
The development of the creative potential of each student is emphasized in the National Education Policy 2020.
The NEP 2020 mentioned the ancient scholars like Charaka and Susruta, Aryabhata, Bhaskaracharya, Chanakya, Madhava, Patanjali, Panini and Thiruvalluvar.
Flexibility
No hard separations between subjects, curricular and extra-curricular activities
Multi-disciplinary education
Conceptual understanding
Critical thinking
Ethical Values
Teachers as the heart of the learning process
The strong public education system

Also, read State of School Education in India .

Features of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy as submitted by the Kasturirangan Committee submitted an education policy that seeks to address the following challenges facing the existing education system:

Affordability
Accountability
The policy provides for reforms at all levels of education from school to higher education.
NEP aims to increase the focus on strengthening teacher training, reforming the existing exam system, early childhood care and restructuring the regulatory framework of education.
Increasing public investment in education,
Setting up NEC (National Education Commission),
Increasing focus on vocational and adult education,
Strengthening the use of technology, etc.

Compare the features of the New Education Policy with National Agricultural Education Policy .

Key Recommendations of National Education Policy 2020

The National Education Policy 2020 has recommendations and reforms with respect to the following items:

You can read the complete set of recommendations of the NEP 2020 in CNA dated July 30, 2020 .

The above-mentioned recommendations are explained below.

Early Childhood Care and Education

The NEP recommended that early childhood care & education be developed in a two-part curriculum consisting of:

Guidelines for Parents & Teachers of students up to 3 years of age
An educational framework for students between the ages of 3-8 years

The NEP talks about the implementation of these recommendations by expanding and improving the quality of the Anganwadi system and co-locating them with primary schools.

Right to Education Act, 2009

The NEP recommended extending the range of the Right to Education Act ,2009 to include the following education levels:

Early Childhood &
Secondary School

This will allow coverage of RTE to all children between the ages of 3-18 years. In addition, it suggested the elimination of detention of children until class eight.

Curriculum Framework

Reforms in the framework of the current curriculum of school education are based on the development needs of the students. The NEP recommends the 5-3-3-4 pattern explained in the table below:

School Exam Reforms

Reforms in the school exam recommended by the NEP include tracking the progress of the students throughout their school experience.

It includes State Census Exams in class 3, 5 and 8.
Another important recommendation was the restructuring of the 10th board exam that would mainly focus and test only the skills, core concepts and higher-order thinking & capacities.

Regulatory Structure and Accreditation of Higher Educational Institutions

In terms of Accreditation and Regulatory structure, the NEP recommended the following changes:

Setting up NHERA (National Higher Education Regulatory Authority),
Separating NAAC from UGC into an autonomous and independent body.

Read more on the UGC in the linked article.

National Research Foundation

In order to improve the quality of research in India, the NEP recommended:

It would be an autonomous body that would administer the mentoring, funding and capacity building for quality research in India.

Education Governance

The NEP recommended establishing an apex body for education headed by the Prime Minister under the name Rashtriya Shiksha Aayog or National Education Commission .

It also suggested changing the name of the Ministry of Human Resources & Development to the Ministry of Education.

Financing Education

Doubling the public investment for education was one of the important recommendations of the NEP 2020.

NEP 2020 insisted on the expenditure of 6% of the GDP on education.
Doubling the current 10% of total public expenditure to 20% in the next decade was recommended.

National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology

The NEP suggested setting up an autonomous body that would facilitate decision making on the deployment, induction and use of technology. NEP said that this would be achieved by implementing the following measures:

The recommended autonomous body would be administered under this mission.
It will also include virtual laboratories in various disciplines providing remote access.

Vocational Courses

Recommendations of NEP 2020 with respect to Vocational courses can be listed as follows:

Students in classes 9 to 12 must receive vocational education on at least one vocation,
Schools should build expert curriculum delivery methods that are aligned with National Skills Qualifications Framework (NSQF) competency levels,
Higher Education Institutes must also provide vocational courses that are integrated into undergraduate education programmes.

Three Language Formula

The Policy recommended that the three-language formula be continued and flexibility in the implementation of the formula should be provided. The three-language formula states that state governments should adopt and implement the study of a modern Indian language, preferably one of the southern languages, apart from Hindi and English in the Hindi-speaking states, and of Hindi along with the regional language and English in the non-Hindi speaking states.

National Education Policy 2020 Concerns

Some of the concerns expressed about the NEP 2020 are as follow:

The report fails to address and incorporate ideas based on contemporary global thinking like the emphasis on creativity and critical thinking and the need for learning in a non-competitive and non-hierarchical ecosystem and discovering one’s true passion without any sense of fear.
Delivering the changes proposed related to Anganwadis may be difficult despite the focus given to early childhood care and schooling.
The propositions of volunteer teachers, peer tutoring, rationalisation of the system of schools and sharing of resources do not seem like long-term solutions.
Lack of clarity in government strategies regarding the Public Sector like municipal schools, state-run institutions, Kendra Vidyalaya, etc.
The creation of a National Testing Agency (NTA) has generated scepticism. The NTA, though envisaged to serve as a premier, expert, autonomous testing organisation to conduct entrance examinations for admissions and fellowships in higher educational institutions may, in reality, lead to loss of autonomy among the universities and departments over admissions.

For a critical analysis of the National Education Policy 2020, check CNA dated July 31, 2020 editorials .

Merits of New Education Policy 2020

Comprehensive : NEP seeks to address the entire gamut of education from preschool to doctoral studies, and from professional degrees to vocational training.
Early Childhood Education : In adopting a 5+3+3+4 model for school education starting at age 3, the New education Policy recognizes the primacy of the formative years from ages 3 to 8 in shaping the child’s future
Easy on Regulations: NEP 2020 makes a bold prescription to free our schools, colleges and universities from periodic “inspections” and place them on the path of self-assessment and voluntary declaration
Holistic : The policy, inter alia, aims to eliminate problems of pedagogy, structural inequities, access asymmetries and rampant commercialization.
Promote Inclusion: The Policy proposes the creation of ‘inclusion funds’ to help socially and educationally disadvantaged children pursue education

To complement the GS 1 preparation, candidates can check the following links:

UPSC Questions related to National Education Policy 2020

Who is the chairman of the national education policy 2020.

K. Kasturirangan is the chairman of the National Education Policy 2020.

When was the National Policy on Education formulated?

There were National Education Policies in 1968, 1986, 1992 and the latest in 2020. The gist of New Education Policy discussion on RSTV-Big Picture episode can be checked at the linked article.

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What education policy experts are watching for in 2022

Subscribe to the brown center on education policy newsletter, daphna bassok , daphna bassok nonresident senior fellow - governance studies , brown center on education policy @daphnabassok stephanie riegg cellini , stephanie riegg cellini nonresident senior fellow - governance studies , brown center on education policy michael hansen , michael hansen senior fellow - brown center on education policy , the herman and george r. brown chair - governance studies @drmikehansen douglas n. harris , douglas n. harris nonresident senior fellow - governance studies , brown center on education policy , professor and chair, department of economics - tulane university @douglasharris99 jon valant , and jon valant director - brown center on education policy , senior fellow - governance studies @jonvalant kenneth k. wong kenneth k. wong nonresident senior fellow - governance studies , brown center on education policy.

January 7, 2022

Entering 2022, the world of education policy and practice is at a turning point. The ongoing coronavirus pandemic continues to disrupt the day-to-day learning for children across the nation, bringing anxiety and uncertainty to yet another year. Contentious school-board meetings attract headlines as controversy swirls around critical race theory and transgender students’ rights. The looming midterm elections threaten to upend the balance of power in Washington, with serious implications for the federal education landscape. All of these issues—and many more—will have a tremendous impact on students, teachers, families, and American society as a whole; whether that impact is positive or negative remains to be seen.

Below, experts from the Brown Center on Education Policy identify the education stories that they’ll be following in 2022, providing analysis on how these issues could shape the learning landscape for the next 12 months—and possibly well into the future.

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I will also be watching the Department of Education’s negotiated rulemaking sessions and following any subsequent regulatory changes to federal student-aid programs. I expect to see changes to income-driven repayment plans and will be monitoring debates over regulations governing institutional and programmatic eligibility for federal student-loan programs. Notably, the Department of Education will be re-evaluating Gainful Employment regulations—put in place by the Obama administration and rescinded by the Trump administration—which tied eligibility for federal funding to graduates’ earnings and debt.

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But the biggest and most concerning hole has been in the substitute teacher force —and the ripple effects on school communities have been broad and deep. Based on personal communications with Nicola Soares, president of Kelly Education , the largest education staffing provider in the country, the pandemic is exacerbating several problematic trends that have been quietly simmering for years. These are: (1) a growing reliance on long-term substitutes to fill permanent teacher positions; (2) a shrinking supply of qualified individuals willing to fill short-term substitute vacancies; and, (3) steadily declining fill rates for schools’ substitute requests. Many schools in high-need settings have long faced challenges with adequate, reliable substitutes, and the pandemic has turned these localized trouble spots into a widespread catastrophe. Though federal pandemic-relief funds could be used to meet the short-term weakness in the substitute labor market (and mainline teacher compensation, too ), this is an area where we sorely need more research and policy solutions for a permanent fix.

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First, what’s to come of the vaccine for ages 0-4? This is now the main impediment to resuming in-person activity. This is the only large group that currently cannot be vaccinated. Also, outbreaks are triggering day-care closures, which has a significant impact on parents (especially mothers), including teachers and other school staff.

Second, will schools (and day cares) require the vaccine for the fall of 2022? Kudos to my hometown of New Orleans, which still appears to be the nation’s only district to require vaccination. Schools normally require a wide variety of other vaccines, and the COVID-19 vaccines are very effective. However, this issue is unfortunately going to trigger a new round of intense political conflict and opposition that will likely delay the end of the pandemic.

Third, will we start to see signs of permanent changes in schooling a result of COVID-19? In a previous post on this blog, I proposed some possibilities. There are some real opportunities before us, but whether we can take advantage of them depends on the first two questions. We can’t know about these long-term effects on schooling until we address the COVID-19 crisis so that people get beyond survival mode and start planning and looking ahead again. I’m hopeful, though not especially optimistic, that we’ll start to see this during 2022.

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The CTC and universal pre-K top my list for 2022, but it’s a long list. I’ll also be watching the Supreme Court’s ruling on vouchers in Carson v. Makin , how issues like critical race theory and detracking play into the 2022 elections, and whether we start to see more signs of school/district innovation in response to COVID-19 and the recovery funds that followed.

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Electoral dynamics will affect several important issues: the selection of state superintendents; the use of American Rescue Plan funds; the management of safe return to in-person learning for students; the integration of racial justice and diversity into curriculum; the growth of charter schools; and, above all, the extent to which education issues are leveraged to polarize rather than heal the growing divisions among the American public.

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Brown Center on Education Policy

Monica Bhatt, Jonathan Guryan, Jens Ludwig

June 3, 2024

Emily Markovich Morris, Laura Nóra, Richaa Hoysala, Max Lieblich, Sophie Partington, Rebecca Winthrop

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National Education Policy 2020: Key Highlights

Last updated on February 11, 2024 by Alex Andrews George

The National Education Policy 2020 aims to bring transformational reforms in school and higher education and thus shape India into a global knowledge superpower.

The Union Cabinet chaired by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi approved the National Education Policy 2020 on July 29, 2020. This policy replaced the 34-year-old National Policy on Education (NPE), in 1986.

Built on the foundational pillars of Access, Equity, Quality, Affordability, and Accountability, this policy is aligned with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.

The National Education Policy (NEP) aims to transform India into a vibrant knowledge society and global knowledge superpower by making both school and college education more holistic, flexible, and multidisciplinary, suited to 21st-century needs, and aimed at bringing out the unique capabilities of each student.

Table of Contents

Important Highlights of National Education Policy 2020

New Policy aims for Universalization of Education from preschool to secondary level with 100 % GER in school education by 2030.
NEP 2020 will bring 2 crore out-of-school children back into the mainstream.
New 5+3+3+4 school curriculum with 12 years of schooling and 3 years of Anganwadi/ Pre-schooling.
Emphasis on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy, no rigid separation between academic streams, extracurricular, and vocational streams in schools; Vocational Education to start from Class 6 with Internships.
Teaching up to at least Grade 5 to be in mother tongue/ regional language.
Assessment reforms with a 360-degree Holistic Progress Card, tracking Student Progress for achieving Learning Outcomes.
GER in higher education to be raised to 50 % by 2035; 3.5 crore seats to be added in higher education.
Higher Education curriculum to have Flexibility of Subjects.
Multiple Entries / Exit to be allowed with appropriate certification.
Academic Bank of Credits to be established to facilitate the Transfer of Credits.
National Research Foundation to be established to foster a strong research culture.
Light but Tight Regulation of Higher Education, single regulator with four separate verticals for different functions.
Affiliation System to be phased out in 15 years with graded autonomy to colleges.
NEP 2020 advocates increased use of technology with equity; National Educational Technology Forum to be created.
NEP 2020 emphasizes setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.
New Policy promotes Multilingualism in both schools and HEs; the National Institute for Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation to be set up.

National Education Policy 2020: School Education

With respect to school education, universal access is the key vision. Also, major reforms are brought in curriculum and pedagogy.

Ensuring Universal Access at all levels of school education

NEP 2020 emphasizes on ensuring universal access to school education at all levels- preschool to secondary.

Infrastructure support, innovative education centers to bring back dropouts into the mainstream, tracking of students and their learning levels, facilitating multiple pathways to learning involving both formal and non-formal education modes, an association of counselors or well-trained social workers with schools, open learning for classes 3,5 and 8 through NIOS and State Open Schools, secondary education programs equivalent to Grades 10 and 12, vocational courses, adult literacy, and life-enrichment programs are some of the proposed ways for achieving this.

About 2 crore out-of-school children will be brought back into the mainstream under NEP 2020.

Early Childhood Care & Education with New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure

With an emphasis on Early Childhood Care and Education, the 10+2 structure of school curricula is to be replaced by a 5+3+3+4 curricular structure corresponding to ages 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively. This will bring the hitherto uncovered age group of 3-6 years under the school curriculum, which has been recognized globally as the crucial stage for the development of the mental faculties of a child. The new system will have 12 years of schooling with three years of Anganwadi/ pre-schooling.

NCERT will develop a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) for children up to the age of 8. ECCE will be delivered through a significantly expanded and strengthened system of institutions including Anganwadis and pre-schools that will have teachers and Anganwadi workers trained in the ECCE pedagogy and curriculum. The planning and implementation of ECCE will be carried out jointly by the Ministries of HRD, Women and Child Development (WCD), Health and Family Welfare (HFW), and Tribal Affairs.

Attaining Foundational Literacy and Numeracy

Recognizing Foundational Literacy and Numeracy as an urgent and necessary prerequisite to learning, NEP 2020 calls for the setting up of a National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy by MHRD.

States will prepare an implementation plan for attaining universal foundational literacy and numeracy in all primary schools for all learners by grade 3 by 2025. A National Book Promotion Policy is to be formulated.

Reforms in school curricula and pedagogy

The school curricula and pedagogy will aim for the holistic development of learners by equipping them with key 21st-century skills, reduction in curricular content to enhance essential learning and critical thinking, and a greater focus on experiential learning.

Students will have increased flexibility and choice of subjects. There will be no rigid separations between arts and sciences, between curricular and extra-curricular activities, and between vocational and academic streams.

Vocational education will start in schools from the 6th grade and will include internships.

A new and comprehensive National Curricular Framework for School Education, NCFSE 2020-21, will be developed by the NCERT.

Multilingualism and the power of language

The policy has emphasized mother tongue /local language/regional language as the medium of instruction at least till Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond. Sanskrit to be offered at all levels of school and higher education as an option for students, including in the three-language formula. Other classical languages and literature of India also to be available as options. No language will be imposed on any student.

Students to participate in a fun project/activity on ‘The Languages of India’, sometime in Grades 6-8, such as, under the ‘Ek Bharat Shrestha Bharat’ initiative. Several foreign languages will also be offered at the secondary level. Indian Sign Language (ISL) will be standardized across the country, and National and State curriculum materials developed, for use by students with hearing impairment.

Assessment Reforms

NEP 2020 envisages a shift from summative assessment to regular and formative assessment, which is more competency-based, promotes learning and development, and tests higher-order skills, such as analysis, critical thinking, and conceptual clarity. All students will take school examinations in Grades 3, 5, and 8 which will be conducted by the appropriate authority.

Board exams for Grades 10 and 12 will be continued, but redesigned with holistic development as the aim. A new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development), will be set up as a standard-setting body.

Equitable and Inclusive Education

NEP 2020 aims to ensure that no child loses any opportunity to learn and excel because of the circumstances of birth or background. Special emphasis will be given to Socially and Economically Disadvantaged Groups (SDGs), including gender, sociocultural, and geographical identities and disabilities. This includes setting up of Gender Inclusion Fund and also Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups.

Children with disabilities will be enabled to fully participate in the regular schooling process from the foundational stage to higher education, with the support of educators with cross-disability training, resource centers, accommodations, assistive devices, appropriate technology-based tools, and other support mechanisms tailored to suit their needs.

Every state/district will be encouraged to establish “Bal Bhavans” as a special daytime boarding school, to participate in art-related, career-related, and play-related activities. Free school infrastructure can be used as Samajik Chetna Kendras

Also read: Education in India – A Detailed Analysis

Robust Teacher Recruitment and Career Path

Teachers will be recruited through robust, transparent processes. Promotions will be merit-based, with a mechanism for multi-source periodic performance appraisals and available progression paths to becoming educational administrators or teacher educators. A common National Professional Standard for Teachers (NPST) will be developed by the National Council for Teacher Education by 2022, in consultation with NCERT , SCERTs, teachers, and expert organizations from across levels and regions.

School Governance

Schools can be organized into complexes or clusters which will be the basic unit of governance and ensure the availability of all resources including infrastructure, academic libraries, and a strong professional teacher community.

Standard-setting and Accreditation for School Education

NEP 2020 envisages clear, separate systems for policymaking, regulation, operations, and academic matters. States/UTs will set up an independent State School Standards Authority (SSSA). Transparent public self-disclosure of all the basic regulatory information, as laid down by the SSSA, will be used extensively for public oversight and accountability. The SCERT will develop a School Quality Assessment and Accreditation Framework (SQAAF) through consultations with all stakeholders.

National Education Policy: Higher Education

The New Education Policy has a great vision for the Higher Education sector as well.

Increase GER to 50 % by 2035

NEP 2020 aims to increase the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education including vocational education from 26.3% (2018) to 50% by 2035. 3.5 Crore new seats will be added to Higher education institutions.

Holistic Multidisciplinary Education

The policy envisages broad-based, multi-disciplinary, holistic Undergraduate education with flexible curricula, creative combinations of subjects, integration of vocational education, and multiple entries and exit points with appropriate certification. UG education can be of 3 or 4 years with multiple exit options and appropriate certification within this period. For example, a Certificate after 1 year, Advanced Diploma after 2 years, a Bachelor’s Degree after 3 years, and a Bachelor’s with Research after 4 years.

An Academic Bank of Credit is to be established for digitally storing academic credits earned from different HEIs so that these can be transferred and counted towards the final degree made.

Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities (MERUs), at par with IITs, and IIMs, to be set up as models of the best multidisciplinary education of global standards in the country.

The National Research Foundation will be created as an apex body for fostering a strong research culture and building research capacity across higher education.

The Higher Education Commission of India(HECI) will be set up as a single overarching umbrella body for the entire higher education, excluding medical and legal education . HECI to have four independent verticals – the National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) for regulation, the General Education Council (GEC ) for standard-setting, the Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for funding, and the National Accreditation Council( NAC) for accreditation.

HECI will function through faceless intervention through technology, & will have powers to penalize HEIs not conforming to norms and standards. Public and private higher education institutions will be governed by the same set of norms for regulation, accreditation, and academic standards.

Rationalized Institutional Architecture

Higher education institutions will be transformed into large, well-resourced, vibrant multidisciplinary institutions providing high-quality teaching, research, and community engagement. The definition of the university will allow a spectrum of institutions that range from research-intensive Universities to Teaching-intensive Universities and Autonomous degree-granting Colleges.

Affiliation of colleges is to be phased out in 15 years and a stage-wise mechanism is to be established for granting graded autonomy to colleges. Over a period of time, it is envisaged that every college would develop into either an Autonomous degree-granting College or a constituent college of a university.

Motivated, Energized, and Capable Faculty

NEP makes recommendations for motivating, energizing, and building the capacity of faculty through clearly defined, independent, transparent recruitment, freedom to design curricula/pedagogy, incentivizing excellence, and movement into institutional leadership. Faculty not delivering on basic norms will be held accountable

Teacher Education

A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education, NCFTE 2021, will be formulated by the NCTE in consultation with NCERT. By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4-year integrated B.Ed. degree. Stringent action will be taken against substandard stand-alone Teacher Education Institutions (TEIs).

Mentoring Mission

A National Mission for Mentoring will be established, with a large pool of outstanding senior/retired faculty – including those with the ability to teach in Indian languages – who would be willing to provide short and long-term mentoring/professional support to university/college teachers.

Financial support for students

Efforts will be made to incentivize the merit of students belonging to SC, ST, OBC, and other SEDGs. The National Scholarship Portal will be expanded to support, foster, and track the progress of students receiving scholarships. Private HEIs will be encouraged to offer larger numbers of free ships and scholarships to their students.

Open and Distance Learning

This will be expanded to play a significant role in increasing GER. Measures such as online courses and digital repositories, funding for research, improved student services, credit-based recognition of MOOCs, etc., will be taken to ensure it is at par with the highest quality in-class programs.

Online Education and Digital Education:

A comprehensive set of recommendations for promoting online education consequent to the recent rise in epidemics and pandemics in order to ensure preparedness with alternative modes of quality education whenever and wherever traditional and in-person modes of education are not possible has been covered.

A dedicated unit for the purpose of orchestrating the building of digital infrastructure, digital content, and capacity building will be created in the MHRD to look after the e-education needs of both school and higher education.

Technology in education

An autonomous body, the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF), will be created to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, and administration. Appropriate integration of technology into all levels of education will be done to improve classroom processes, support teacher professional development, enhance educational access for disadvantaged groups, and streamline educational planning, administration, and management

Promotion of Indian languages

To ensure the preservation, growth, and vibrancy of all Indian languages, NEP recommends setting up an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI), National Institute (or Institutes) for Pali, Persian, and Prakrit, strengthening Sanskrit and all language departments in HEIs, and use mother tongue/local language as a medium of instruction in more HEI programs.

Internationalization of education will be facilitated through both institutional collaborations and student and faculty mobility allowing entry of top world-ranked Universities to open campuses in our country.

Professional Education

All professional education will be an integral part of the higher education system. Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities, etc. will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions.

Adult Education

The policy aims to achieve 100% youth and adult literacy.

Financing Education

The Centre and the States will work together to increase public investment in the Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.

NEP: Consultation Process

NEP 2020 has been formulated after an unprecedented process of consultation that involved nearly over 2 lakh suggestions from 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats, 6600 Blocks, 6000 ULBs, and 676 Districts.

The MHRD initiated an unprecedented collaborative, inclusive, and highly participatory consultation process in January 2015. In May 2016, ‘The Committee for Evolution of the New Education Policy’ under the Chairmanship of Late Shri T.S.R. Subramanian, Former Cabinet Secretary, submitted its report.

Based on this, the Ministry prepared ‘Some Inputs for the Draft National Education Policy, 2016’. In June 2017 a ‘Committee for the Draft National Education Policy’ was constituted under the Chairmanship of eminent Scientist Padma Vibhushan, Dr. K. Kasturirangan, which submitted the Draft National Education Policy, 2019 to the Hon’ble Human Resource Development Minister on 31st May 2019.

The Draft National Education Policy 2019 was uploaded on MHRD’s website and at the ‘MyGov Innovate’ portal eliciting views/suggestions/comments from stakeholders, including the public.

In conclusion, the National Education Policy (NEP) is a crucial document that outlines the roadmap for the development of education in India. It is a significant step towards building a knowledge-based society that is equipped to meet the challenges of the 21st century. The NEP aims to transform the education system by providing equitable access to quality education, promoting innovation, and fostering holistic development.

The policy emphasizes the need for a learner-centered approach that focuses on critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving. It also seeks to promote interdisciplinary learning, multilingualism, and the integration of vocational education into the mainstream curriculum.

The NEP’s vision of a flexible and inclusive education system that enables lifelong learning is laudable. However, the success of the policy will depend on its effective implementation, which will require adequate funding, infrastructure, and skilled educators.

Overall, the NEP has the potential to revolutionize the education sector in India and make it more relevant and responsive to the needs of the changing world. It is a bold and visionary document that seeks to transform education from being a means of social mobility to a tool for building a better and more just society.

Also Read: Institutions of Eminence Scheme

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Reader Interactions

July 30, 2020 at 4:52 pm

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Regards Revathy.R

August 7, 2020 at 8:28 am

Dear Madam, No, It will help you to complete your Ph.D in short duration. At present you may submit your Ph.D in 4 years. Regards, Jeeva

July 30, 2020 at 4:54 pm

@Revathy: Why do you think so?

June 5, 2021 at 10:55 am

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New Education Policy

Topics Covered: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

New Education Policy:

First new education policy in 34 years has been brought out. The union Cabinet gave its nod to the new policy recently.

The aim of the N ational E ducation P olicy 2020 is to create an education system which is deeply rooted in Indian ethos and can rebuild India as a global knowledge superpower, by providing high-quality education to all.

Background :

A panel headed by former ISRO chief K. Kasturirangan submitted a draft in December 2018, which was made public and opened for feedback after the Lok Sabha election in May 2019.

Highlights of the policy:

Public spending on education by states, Centre to be raised to 6% of the GDP.
Ministry of H uman R esource D evelopment to be renamed M inister of E ducation.

Digital Education- related:

An autonomous body, the national educational technology forum, will be created for the exchange of ideas on use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning and administration.
Separate technology unit to develop digital education resources. The new unit will coordinate digital infrastructure, content and capacity building.

Teacher Education- related:

By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a four year integrated B . Ed.
Teachers will also be given training in online educational methods relevant to the Indian situation in order to help bridge the digital divide.

School Education- related:

Universalise the pre-primary education (age range of 3-6 years) by 2025.
Universalization of Education from pre-school to secondary level with 100% Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in school education by 2030.
A new school curriculum with coding and vocational studies from class 6 will be introduced.
A child’s mother tongue will be used as the medium of instruction till class 5 .
A new curricular framework is to be introduced, including the preschool and Anganwadi years.
A N ational Mission on F oundational L iteracy and Numeracy will ensure basic skills at the class 3 level by 2025.
Board exams to be easier, redesigned. Exams will test core competencies rather than memorising facts, with all students allowed to take the exam twice .
School governance is set to change, with a new accreditation framework and an independent authority to regulate both public and private schools.

Higher Education- related:

Four year undergraduate degrees with multiple entry and exit options will be introduced.
The Phil degree will be abolished.
New umbrella regulator for all higher education except medical, legal courses.
An Academic B ank of C redit will be set up to make it easier to transfer between institutions.
College affiliation system to be phased out in 15 years, so that every college develops into either an autonomous degree-granting institution, or a constituent college of a university.
It also aims to double the Gross Enrolment Ratio in higher education, including vocational education, from 26.3% in 2018 to 50% by 2035, with an additional 3.5 crore new seats.

Traditional knowledge- related:

Indian knowledge systems, including tribal and indigenous knowledge, will be incorporated into the curriculum in an accurate and scientific manner.

Special focus:

Regions such as aspirational districts, which have large number of students facing economic, social or caste barriers will be designated as ‘S pecial E ducational Z ones’.
The Centre will also set up a G ender I nclusion F und to build the country’s capacity to provide equitable quality education to all girls and transgender students.

Financial support:

Meritorious students belonging to SC, ST, OBC and other socially and economically disadvantaged groups will be given incentives.

New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure:

The NEP proposes changing the existing 10+2 Curricular and Pedagogical Structure with 5+3+3+4 design covering the children in the age group 3-18 years. Under this —

Five years of the Foundational Stage: 3 years of pre-primary school and Grades 1, 2;
Three years of the Preparatory (or Latter Primary) Stage: Grades 3, 4, 5;
Three years of the Middle (or Upper Primary) Stage: Grades 6, 7, 8;
Four years of the High (or Secondary) Stage: Grades 9, 10, 11, 12.

Challenges ahead:

Since education is a concurrent subject most states have their own school boards. Therefore, state governments would have to be brought on board for actual implementation of this decision.

InstaLinks :

Prelims Link:

Overview of new Pedagogical Structure with 5+3+3+4 design.
What are Special Educational Zones as per the new policy?
Who will set up the Gender Education Fund as per the policy?
Role of the proposed Academic Bank of Credit.
Gross Enrolment Ratio target in higher education?
About the proposed national educational technology forum.

Mains Link:

Discuss the significance of recently announced New Education Policy 2020.

Sources: the Hindu.

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Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English (1000 Words)

Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English is beneficial for Students. We provide complete information regarding the New Education Policy Essay such as the History of National Education Policy Advantages and Disadvantages of New Education Policy 2020, Aim and System of New National Education Policy 2020.

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This long Essay on New Education Policy 2020 is beneficial For School Students, College Students, Competition aspirants, SSC CGL CHSL MTS, and UPSC Exam.

History of New Education Policy

New Education Policy 2020 Essay – The need for a new education policy has been felt in the country for a long time. Three National Education Policies have been introduced in India till now. These three Policies are National Education Policy 1968, National Education Policy1986, and National Education Policy 2020.

The National Education Policy 1986 was revised in the year 1992. The emphasis of previous policies on education was mainly on issues of access to education.

The New Education Policy has been brought in keeping with the shortcomings of the previous education policy and the current and future needs, which can lead to large-scale transformative reforms in both the school and higher education sectors.

In June 2017, a committee was formed under the chairmanship of former ISRO chief Dr. K. Kasturi Rangan to formulate a new education policy. The draft of the National Education Policy was presented by this committee in May 2019.

Introduction to NEP 2020

To achieve full human potential, education is a fundamental requirement for the development of a just and equitable society and to promote national development. The whole world is undergoing rapid changes in the knowledge landscape.

In this context, the National Education Policy, 2020 was approved by the Government of India on July 29, 2020, and the Ministry of Human Resource Development was also renamed as the Ministry of Education. This new education policy will replace the 34-year-old National Education Policy 1986.

Aim of New Education Policy 2020

The New National Education Policy 2020 aims at the universalization of education from preschool to secondary level with a 100% Gross Enrollment Ratio (GER) in schooling by 2030.

The New Education Policy 2020 proposes some changes, including the opening of Indian higher education in foreign universities, and the introduction of a four-year multidisciplinary undergraduate program with several exit options. The objective of the New Education Policy 2020 is to make India a global knowledge superpower.

The NEP 2020 policy also proposes that all universities and colleges aim to be multi-disciplinary by 2040. This policy will boost employment in the country and fundamentally change our educational system.

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System of New Education Policy 2020

This policy talks about reorganizing the existing 10 + 2 school system into a new system of 5 + 3 + 3 + 4, the basis of the curriculum and teaching of all children aged 3 to 18 years. At present, children between the ages of 3 to 6 are not included in the 10 + 2 structure, as 6-year-olds are admitted in class 1.

The current 10 + 2 system is to be replaced by a new 5 + 3 + 3 + 4 curriculum structure for the age of 3-8, 8-11, 11-14, and 14-18 years respectively.

Foundation Stage 5

Foundation Stage 5 is divided into two parts. For the first three years, children will take pre-schooling education in Anganwadi. After this, children will be studying in a school in classes 1 and 2 for the next two years. A new curriculum will be designed for these 5 years of studies. It will include children from 3 to 8 years old.

Initial stage 3

In the initial phase 3, children from classes 3 to 5 will be taught. During this time, children will be taught science, mathematics, art, etc. through experimentation. It will be taught to children between 8 and 11 years old.

Middle school stage 3

In this phase, children from classes 6 to 8 will be educated. These classes will be taught subject-based courses. Vocational courses will also be started from class 6, in which children will be taught a variety of skills. The child will be taught coding from class 6 itself. In addition, project-based learning will also start in class 6. Children of 11 to 14 years will be included in this phase.

Secondary stage 4

In this phase, students of classes 9 to 12 will study in two stages. In the first phase, there will be students of classes 9 and 10, and in the second phase, students of classes 11 and 12.

Students will also be given the freedom to choose the subject. There will be some subjects that will be general for all and there will be some optional subjects like art, music, vocational subjects , etc, out of which students will be able to choose the subject according to their interest. This phase will cover 14 to 18-year-olds.

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Advantages of New Education Policy 2020

To make the board exams of classes 10 and 12 easier, the core competencies have to be tested instead of memorized facts, all students are allowed to take the exam twice.

An independent authority to regulate both public and private schools. There is no rigid separation between educational streams, extra-curriculum, and vocational steam in schools. Vocational education starts in class 6 with an internship.

Challenges of New Education Policy 2020

Expensive Education : Under the New National Education Policy 2020, admission to foreign universities is expected to make the education system expensive.

Lack of human resources : There is a shortage of skilled teachers in current elementary education. In such a situation, practical problems are being seen in the implementation of the system made for elementary education under the National Education Policy, 2020.

The exodus of teachers: Admission to foreign universities will lead to the migration of skilled Indian teachers.

Teacher Education

A new and comprehensive National Curriculum Framework for Teacher Education (NCFTE) will be prepared by NCTE in consultation with NCERT.

By 2030, the minimum degree qualification for teaching is a 4-year integrated B.Ed. Degree.

Conclusion about NEP 2020

Education is an essential and indispensable element for the all-around development of any society and country and a comprehensive national education policy is formulated by a nation to fulfill this requirement. The New National Education Policy, 2020, approved by the Government of India, is an important initiative in this direction.

The success of this new education policy will depend on how it is implemented. Therefore, it can be said that India is the country with the youngest population and India’s future will depend on providing high-quality educational opportunities to these youth.

6 thoughts on “Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English (1000 Words)”

The national education policy 2020( NEP 2020) LAUNCH On july 29 2020.outline the vision 0f indias new education system NEP 2020 focuses on 5 pillars .1 AFFORDABILITY, 2.ACCESSSIBILITY 3.QUALITY. 4.EQUITY. 5.ACCONTABILITY.

I hereby ensure that NEP education policy have been followed in my school.

New education policy education policy which is the best for better future studentwhich allowed them to active their goals in life that also give their goal in life

NEP2020 is enhesive and supportive for the students which is very effective for competitive aspirant. Annual exam of class fifth should be conducted by the board.

Please send essay

Essay On New Education Policy 2020 In English

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Essay On New Education Policy 2020

Introduction .

On July 29, 2020 (Wednesday) , the New Education Policy 2020 was launched.

The aim of this policy is to overhaul the education system of our country and it is approved by Union Cabinet .

The New Education Policy 2020 , was announced by Human Resource Development (HRD) Ramesh Pokhriyal and Union Ministers for Information and Broadcasting (I&B) Prakash Javedkar.

India’s First Education Policy came under the Indira Gandhi government in 1968 and India’s Second Education Policy came in 1986 under the Rajiv Gandhi government ,

Which was modified in 1992 during the time of the P.V. Narasimha Rao government a nd now after 34 years, India’s New Education Policy 2020 has come.

In 2014 , the New Education Policy was in BJP’s manifesto. In 2015 , a committee was formed, under the chairmanship of TSR Subramanian and this committee submitted its report on 7th May 2016 .

The main objective of this committee was to improve the quality of education , the credibility of education, and address the gaps in implementation the Ministry released this draft policy in 2016 , but it could not apply.

After this, another committee of 9 members was formed under the chairmanship of former ISRO Chief Dr. K Kasturirangan and this committee drafted the National Education Policy in 2019 which was finally passed as the New Education Policy 2020.

On 1st May 2020 , The New Education Policy 2020 was reviewed by Prime Minister Mr.Narendra Modi , for which a draft was prepared by a panel of experts led by former (ISRO) Chief K Kasturirangan .

By 2040 , the aim of this policy was to convert all higher education institutions (HEIs) is to become multidisciplinary institutions and the aim of each institution is to have 3000 or more students.

The F ocus of NEP 2020 is to increase the standards of education at an international level.

The implementation, it’s effectively our country to take J-Curve growth in all sectors. so, it is also known as the globalization of education .

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The New Education Policy 2020 focuses on the development of all factors with education, such as skill development, coding, music, and project, and involves everything which helps to grow the overall personality of students.

With the implementation of NEP 2020, affordable fees are also applicable in all schools and colleges. which helps lower-class families they also educate their children.

By 2030 , the aim of the New Education Policy is to establish at least one large multidisciplinary institution in or near every district.

A multidisciplinary institution means a university that offers graduate and undergraduate programs, with high-quality teaching, research, and community engagement. Arts and Humanities students aim to learn more about Science .

By implementing this feature dropouts can come back again and be able to continue their study. and its bad effect also can be seen as the lack of seriousness in students with respect to their college.

The New Education Policy 2020 increases the flexibility of education . according to this policy, students have the option to choose their subjects during their study.

Hence, the Multiple entries or exit model increases the flexibility of education but it also decreases the value of our college (because students have the option to join them again) . overall it’s better for our education .

Undergraduate degree course s will be of either 3 or 4-year duration, with multiple exiting options. A certificate course after completing one year in a discipline or field, including vocational and professional areas.

Or a diploma after 2 years of study, Or a bachelor’s degree after a 3 yrs program. After a 4-year multidisciplinary Bachelor’s Program . However, shall be the preferred option.

According to NEP 2020 , the digital credit system would be established.it is also known as the Academic Bank Of Credit (ABC) .

The aims of the New Education Policy 2020 are to make India a global study destination providing the best education at very low or affordable costs.

An international student’s office at each institution hosting foreign students will be set up.

Now HRD Ministry is known as Education Ministry . This means HRD Ministry is replaced by the Education Ministry.

Now our High performing Indian Universities are also able to set up campuses in other countries.

Selected Universities such as those from among the top 100 universities in the world will be facilitated to operate in India.

The National Committee for the Integration of Vocational Education (NCIVE) is established by the education ministry.

A National Research Foundation (NRF) will be established. The aim of NRF is to promote the culture of research through Universities . India has more than 45,000 affiliated colleges.

And it will be governed independently of the government, by the Board of Governors which includes the best researchers and innovators across fields.

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The set up of an Indian Institute of Translation and Interpretation (IITI) is the aim of NEP. while also laying significant and other languages.

Students can learn e-content in their regional languages with Hindi and English. E-courses in eight major languages, not just English and Hindi .

For the student who is above the age of 8 yrs, a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework for Early Childhood Care and Education (NCPFECCE) is developed by NCERT .

From class 6th students can learn coding in school, which is one of the required skills of the 21st century . 10+2 education system is also replaced by 5+3+3+4 models .

To decrease the value and stress of the board exam, it will conduct in two parts: Objective and Subjective .

The exam will be conducted twice a year. In Board Exam, practical knowledge should be promoted rather than rote learning.

Now, the student obtains a 360-degree holistic report card on the basis of their skills, obtained marks in the exam, and also includes all other points.

One special section was introduced in which students give marks to themselves and their friends also gives marks which are displayed on the report card properly.

The high-quality common aptitude test and specialized common subject exams in the sciences, humanities languages, arts, and the vocational subject are offered by National Testing Agency (NTA) , at least twice every year for university entrance exams.

Due to COVID-19 schools and colleges are closed across the world. so, for making balance distance learning, e-learning, online courses, and virtual learning is also encouraged.

Now technology-based options such as online courses/modules, dedicated apps, and TV channels are to be developed. Hence, Overall technology-based education is preferred.

Prior to the age of five, every child will move to a “ Preparatory Class” (that is, before class 1st), which has an EECE-qualified teacher.

The Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD) will create a National Mission on Fundamental Literacy and Numbering on Priority.

The nutrition and health (Including mental health) of children will be addressed, through healthy meals and regular health checkups, and Health cards are given to supervise the same.

The 2020 New Education Policy aims to make “India a global superpower of knowledge”.

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Highlights of New Education Policy-2020

Ministry of Education has announced the National Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020) on 29.07.2020 which has been made available at Ministry of Education’s website at https://www.mhrd.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf .The special features of NEP 2020 includes:-

Ensuring Universal Access at All Levels of schooling from pre-primary school to Grade 12;
Ensuring quality early childhood care and education for all children between 3-6 years;
New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure (5+3+3+4);
No hard separations between arts and sciences, between curricular and extra-curricular activities, between vocational and academic streams;
Establishing National Mission on Foundational Literacy and Numeracy;
Emphasis on promoting multilingualism and Indian languages; The medium of instruction until at least Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond, will be the home language/mother tongue/local language/regional language.
Assessment reforms - Board Exams on up to two occasions during any given school year, one main examination and one for improvement, if desired;
Setting up of a new National Assessment Centre, PARAKH (Performance Assessment, Review, and Analysis of Knowledge for Holistic Development);
Equitable and inclusive education - Special emphasis given on Socially and Economically Disadvantaged Groups(SEDGs);
A separate Gender Inclusion fund and Special Education Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups;
Robust and transparent processes for recruitment of teachers and merit based performance;
Ensuring availability of all resources through school complexes and clusters;
Setting up of State School Standards Authority (SSSA);
Exposure of vocational education in school and higher education system;
Increasing GER in higher education to 50%;
Holistic Multidisciplinary Education with multiple entry/exit options;
NTA to offer Common Entrance Exam for Admission to HEIs;
Establishment of Academic Bank of Credit;
Setting up of Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities(MERUs);
Setting up of National Research Foundation(NRF);
‘Light but Tight’ regulation;
Single overarching umbrella body for promotion of higher education sector including teacher education and excluding medical and legal education- the Higher Education Commission of India (HECI)-with independent bodies for standard setting- the General Education Council; funding-Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC); accreditation- National Accreditation Council (NAC); and regulation- National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC);
Expansion of open and distance learning to increase GER.
Internationalization of Education
Professional Education will bean integral part of the higher education system. Stand-alone technical universities, health science universities, legal and agricultural universities, or institutions in these or other fields, will aim to become multi-disciplinary institutions.
Teacher Education - 4-year integrated stage-specific, subject- specific Bachelor of Education
Establishing aNational Mission for Mentoring.
Creation of an autonomous body,the National Educational Technology Forum (NETF) to provide a platform for the free exchange of ideas on the use of technology to enhance learning, assessment, planning, administration. Appropriate integration of technology into all levels of education.
Achieving 100% youth and adult literacy.
Multiple mechanisms with checks and balances will combat and stop the commercialization of higher education.
All education institutions will be held to similar standards of audit and disclosure as a ‘not forprofit’ entity.
The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.
Strengthening of the Central Advisory Board of Education to ensure coordination to bring overall focus on quality education.
Ministry of Education: In order to bring the focus back on education and learning, it may be desirable to re-designate MHRD as the Ministry of Education (MoE).

The NEP 2020 has been finalised after detailed consultation process with all stakeholders including State/UT Governments. This Ministry has communicated to all States/UT Governments for implementation of NEP 2020 in letter and spirit. Ministry of Education is also organising ‘ShikshakParv’ from 8 th September to 25 th September, 2020 to deliberate on various themes and implementation of NEP 2020 aimed at eliciting suggestions.Ministry has also organised a Conference of Governors on “Role of National Education Policy in Transforming Higher Education”. In the conference, Governors and Lt. Governors of State and Union Territories, Education Minister of State and UTs, Vice Chancellors of State Universities and other dignitaries participated. There has been wide publicity with a positive and overwhelming response from stakeholders on NEP 2020.

NEP 2020 recognizes that the vocational education is perceived to be inferior to mainstream education. Hence, this policy aims to overcome the social status hierarchy associated with vocational education and requires integration of vocational education programmes into mainstream education in all education institutions in a phased manner. Towards this, secondary schools will also collaborate with ITIs, polytechnics, local industry, etc. Skill labs will also be set up and created in the schools in a hub and spoke model which will allow other schools to use the facility.

Improving the quality of education across all levels from primary to university level is a continuous and ongoing process. Several initiatives are currently being undertaken in this direction. The SamagraShiksha, an integral scheme for School Education as a Centrally Sponsored Scheme is being implemented and aims to ensure inclusive and equitable quality education at all levels of school education. It envisages the ‘school’ as a continuum from pre-school, primary, upper primary, secondary to senior secondary levels.In higher education also, various schemes, namely, RashtriyaUchchatarShikshaAbhiyan (RUSA), Scheme for promotion of Academic and Research Collaboration (SPARC), Global Initiative for Academics Network (GIAN), Impacting Research, Innovation & Technology (IMPRINT), Technical Education Quality Improvement Programme (TEQIP), Study Webs of Active-Learning for Young Aspiring Minds (SWAYAM), National Digital Library, campus connect programme, UchhatarAvishkarAbhiyan, Unnat Bharat Abhiyan, Impactful Research in Social Sciences (IMPRESS), Atal Ranking of Institutions on Innovation Achievements (ARIIA), National Institutional Ranking Framework (NIRF) are being implemented to improve the quality of higher education. A number of initiatives are also undertaken by UGC and AICTE for quality improvement in higher and technical education.

NEP 2020 unequivocally endorses and envisions a substantial increase in public investment in education by both the Central government and all State Governments. The Centre and the States will work together to increase the public investment in Education sector to reach 6% of GDP at the earliest.

The information was given by the Union Minister for Human Resource Development, Shri Ramesh Pokhriyal ‘Nishank’ in a written reply in the Lok Sabha today.

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Essay on New Education Policy

A New Education Policy has been sanctioned by our government in July 2020; after a gap of 34 years, for bringing the changes in the National Education System. The New Education Policy has its objective of making the learning process more efficient by enhancing students thinking and creative ability. The New Education Policy includes several changes in the school level as well as higher education. These essays on the New Education Policy will help you to understand in detail about this subject.

Short and Long Essay on New Education Policy in English

Essay on New Education Policy for students of class 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 and class 12 in English in 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 500 words. Also find short New Education Policy essay 10 lines.

New Education Policy Essay 10 Lines (100 – 150 Words)

1) On 29 July 2020, the new education policy came into existence.

2) The Union Cabinet of India is responsible for approving the Education Policy.

3) The National Education Policy (NEP 2020) describes India’s vision for a new education system.

4) This new policy is the replacement of the previous Education Policy of 1986.

5) By 2040, India’s education system is expected to be transformed under this policy.

6) Under this policy, the state expenditure on education will be hiked from 3% to 6%.

7) It enforces the use of local language for instructing students up to class 5.

8) The new model 5+3+3+4 is introduced stating 3 years of preschool and 12 years of schooling.

9) Exams will be held only in classes 2, 5, and 8 instead of every academic year.

10) The main aim is to reduce classroom load from students and make them more interdisciplinary and multi-lingual.

Essay 1 (250 Words) – New Education Policy: Necessity and Objective

Introduction

The new National Education Policy came into existence on 29 July 2020, after replacing the existing National Education Policy. The change in education policy is made after a gap of a total of 34 years. But the change was necessary and the need for the time should have been made earlier.

The Necessity of New Education Policy 2020

The earlier system of education was basically focused on learning and giving results. The students were judged by the marks attained. This was a unidirectional approach to development. But the new education policy focuses on the relevance of a multi-disciplinary approach. It aims at all-round development of the student.

New education policy visualizes the formation of a new curriculum and structure of education which will help the students at their different stages of learning. The change has to be done in the existing education system in order to make education reach up to all, ranging from urban to rural areas. It will be towards meeting sustainability by fulfilling Goal 4- Quality Education.

The main motive is making a child learn along with becoming a skilled one, in whatever field they are interested. In this way, the learners are able to figure out their aim, and their capabilities. The learners are to be provided with integrated learning i.e. having the knowledge of every discipline. The same is applicable in higher education too. The new education policy also lays emphasis on the reformation of teacher’s education and training processes.

The present education system is the result of changes made in the existing education policy of 1986. It has been implemented to foster the learner and the nation’s development. The new education policy focuses on the child’s overall development. The policy is destined to achieve its objective by 2030.

Essay 2 (400 Words) – New Education Policy: Vision and Advantages/Disadvantages

Getting proper basic education is the birthright of each and every individual as per the Indian Constitution. Education is the key element in the development of a child for getting ready to lead a happy life. The change in the National education policy, after 1986 in the 21st century took place in July 2020 and emerges out to be the new education policy 2020.

The Vision of the New Education Policy

The new education policy is the reworking of the earlier national education policy. It is the change of the entire system of education by new structural outlines.

The vision laid in the New Education Policy is turning the system into a high-spirited and energetic one. There must be an effort in making the learner responsive and skilled.

Advantages and Disadvantages of the New Education Policy 2020

Advantages:

The new education policy focuses on the integrated development of the learners.
It replaces the 10+2 system with 5+3+3+4 structure, which states 12 years of schooling and 3 years of pre-schooling, thus kids with the experience of schooling at an earlier stage.
The examinations will be conducted in 3, 5, and 8th grades only, others will go for the regular assessments. Board exams will also be made easier and, and held twice in a year so that each child gets two attempts.
The policy envisages a multi-disciplinary and integrated approach to the under-graduate programmes with greater flexibility of exit from the course.
The state and central government both will work together towards greater public investments by the public for education will give rise to GDP by 6%, at its earliest.
The new education policy focuses on enhancing practical education instead of laying stress on books for learning.
NEP allows for the development and learning of children by general interaction, group discussions, and reasoning.
The NTA will conduct a common entrance exam for universities at a national level.
The students will have the freedom to select the course they desire to learn along with the course subjects, thus promoting skill development.
The government will be setting up new ways of research and innovations at the university and college level by setting NRF (National Research Foundation).

Disadvantages:

The implementation of the language i.e. the teaching up to 5 th grade to be continued in the regional languages is the utmost problem. The child will be taught in regional language and therefore will have less approach towards the English language, which is required after completing 5th grade.
Kids have been subject to structural learning, which might increase the burden on their small minds.

There was a need for change to the existing education policy which was earlier implemented in 1986. The resulting change is the approval of the New Education policy. The policy has many positive features but the same can only be achieved by strictly making it happen. Mere consideration for the layout will not work efficiently instead of actions.

Essay 3 (500 – 600 Words) – Structural Transformations in New Education Policy

New education policy is formulated by the government of India aiming towards achieving the policy initiatives by 2030. It is a complete change in the existing education policy which was last implemented in 1986. It is focusing on the self-capabilities of child and concept-based learning, instead of rote learning procedures.

The framework of the National Education Policy

The current policy replaces the National Education Policy 1986.
The discussion regarding the New Education Policy was started in January 2015 by the committee under the leadership of cabinet secretary TSR Subramanian and a report was submitted by the committee in 2017.
A Draft of National Education Policy, made on the basis of the report of 2017, was submitted by the new team led by former ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) chief Krishnaswamy Kasturirangan in 2019.
The drafted New Education Policy was announced, by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, after consulting with the public and stakeholders.
The New Education Policy then came into existence on 29 July 2020.

Structural Transformations in New Education Policy

School Education

The 10+2 module is replaced by 5+3+3+4 model. The execution will be carried out as:

Foundational Stage – It will include three years of pre-schooling period.
Preparatory Stage – It constitutes of classes 3-5, with ages 8-11 years.
Middle Stage – It will constitute of class 6-8, with age 11-14 years.
Secondary Stage – It will constitute class 9-12, with ages 14- 19 years. These four years will be linked with choice for multi-disciplinary study. It will not be necessary to study in only one discipline.
The students have to give exams only thrice i.e. in 3, 5, and 8 th class.
“PARAKH”, an assessment body has to be established for assessing student’s performance.

Higher Education

The bachelor’s programme would be a 4-year programme with a flexible exit. Obtaining a year course will provide with certification, 2-year with a diploma degree, 3-year with a bachelor’s degree, and 4-year will be integrated with the research work and finding related to the subject studied.
Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) for providing funds and finances to universities and colleges. This will replace AICTE and UGC.
The responsibility of the national testing agency to hold common entrance for universities and colleges along with conducting NEET and JEE.
Master of Philosophy courses to discontinue, as it was an intermediate course between Masters and Ph.D.
National Research Foundation (NRA) to be developed to foster research and innovations.
The foreign universities to set their campuses in our country and vice versa.

Teacher’s Education and Recruitment

The 4-year integrated B.Ed programme made it essential for teaching.
There must be workshops organized for the training of the teachers regarding various teaching aids.
Transparency in recruiting processes of teachers as teachers are at a centralized role for the development of students.

Beneficial Impacts of the New Education Policy

It lays stress on the self-capability, cognitive skills of the learner. It will help a child to develop their talents if they are having inborn talents.
Earlier the students had the option of opting for only one discipline for studying but now different subjects can opt, for example – one can opt for art and craft along with mathematics.
Emphasis on every subject to be treated equally.
The main motive is to develop the power of interaction, critical thinking, and the ability to reasoning with the inculcation of innovative ideas among the students.
The multiple exit option in bachelor’s courses will provide an opportunity for the students to benefit from the experience and attain skills by working somewhere in meantime and then continue later.
The new education policy focuses on the practical aspect of learning any subject, as it is considered a better way of understanding the concept.
All the institutions and higher education institutes to become multidisciplinary by 2040.

The new education policy is laid down with several initiatives that are really the need of the present scenario. The policy is concerned with attention on skill development along with the study curriculum. Merely dreaming of anything will not make it work, as proper planning and working according to that will only help in fulfilling the objective. No sooner the objectives of NEP are achieved, will propel our nation towards progress.

FAQs: Frequently Asked Questions

Ans. The National Education Policy was formed in 1986.

Ans . Dr. K. Kasturirangan is appointed as the chairman of New Education Policy 2020.

Ans . The new pattern of 10+2 in the New Education Policy 2020 is 5+3+3+4.

Ans . The Government has decided to spend 6% of GDP on education according to the New Education Policy 2020.

Ans . The Human Resource and Development ministry has been given the name of Education ministry in New Education Policy 2020.

Ans . The skill development course will start from class 6th for students in New Education Policy 2020.

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Guest Essay

Higher Education Needs More Socrates and Plato

An illustration of a student looking in a book and seeing himself.

By Ezekiel J. Emanuel and Harun Küçük

Dr. Emanuel and Dr. Küçük are on the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, where Dr. Emanuel is a professor and the vice provost for global initiatives and Dr. Küçük is an associate professor of the history and sociology of science.

The right attacks colleges and universities as leftist and woke. Progressives castigate them as perpetuating patriarchy and white privilege. The burdens of these culture war assaults are compounded by parents worried that the exorbitant costs of higher education aren’t worth it.

No wonder Americans’ faith in universities is at a low. Only 36 percent of Americans have confidence in higher education, according to a survey by Gallup last year, a significant drop from eight years ago. And this was before colleges and universities across the country were swept up in a wave of protests and counter-protests over the war in Gaza.

But the problems facing American higher education are not just the protests and culture war attacks on diversity, course content, speech and speakers. The problem is that higher education is fundamentally misunderstood. In response, colleges and universities must reassert the liberal arts ideals that have made them great but that have been slipping away.

By liberal arts, we mean a broad-based education that aspires to send out into society an educated citizenry prepared to make its way responsibly in an ever-more complex and divided world. We worry that at many schools, students can fulfill all or most of their general education requirements and take any number of electives without having had a single meaningful discussion that is relevant to one’s political life as a citizen.

Over the past century, what made American higher education the best in the world is not its superiority in career training, but educating students for democratic citizenship, cultivating critical thinking and contributing to the personal growth of its students through self-creation. To revive American higher education, we need to reinvigorate these roots.

In Europe and many countries elsewhere, colleges and universities have undergraduates specialize from Day 1, focusing on developing area-specific skills and knowledge. College students are trained to become doctors, lawyers or experts in international relations, English literature or computer science.

In the United States, European-style specialization for medical, legal, business or public policy careers is the purpose of post-collegiate professional schools. Traditionally, the American college has been about imparting a liberal arts education, emphasizing reasoning and problem solving. Those enduring skills are the critical ingredients for flourishing companies and countries.

Historically, students arriving on American college campuses spent a majority of their first two years taking classes outside their projected majors. This exposed them to a common curriculum that had them engage with thoughtful writings of the past to develop the skills and capacity to form sound, independent judgments.

Over the past half century, American colleges and universities have moved away from this ideal , becoming less confident in their ability to educate students for democratic citizenship. This has led to a decline in their commitment to the liberal arts, a trend underscored in the results last year of a survey of chief academic officers at American colleges and universities by Inside Higher Ed. Nearly two-thirds agreed that liberal arts education was in decline, and well over half felt that politicians, college presidents and university boards were increasingly unsympathetic to the liberal arts.

Today, there is almost no emphasis on shared courses among majors that explore and debate big questions about the meaning of equality, justice, patriotism, personal obligations, civic responsibility and the purpose of a human life. Majors that once required only eight or 10 courses now require 14 or more, and students are increasingly double majoring — all of which crowds out a liberal arts education. Ambitious students eager to land a prestigious consulting, finance or tech job will find it too easy to brush aside courses in the arts, humanities and social and natural sciences — the core of a liberal education.

The devaluing of the first two years of a shared liberal arts education has shortchanged our students and our nation. Educating young adults to be citizens is why the first two years of college still matter.

To that end, the so-called Great Books have long been the preferred way to foster citizenship. This approach is not, contrary to critics on the left and right, about sanctifying specific texts for veneration or a mechanism for heritage transmission.

Books by Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke, Kant, Emerson, Thoreau, Whitman as well as Wollstonecraft, Austen, Woolf, Baldwin, Hurston and Orwell are worthy of introductory collegiate courses for students of all majors. These writers address the fundamental questions of human life. They explore the ideas of self-determination, friendship, virtue, equality, democracy and religious toleration and race that we have all been shaped by.

As students address those big questions, the Great Books authors provide a road map as they challenge and criticize one another and the conventional wisdom of the past. The Socrates of Plato’s dialogues is the exemplar — asking about beliefs and then subjecting them to respectful but critical analysis and skepticism.

These books are best studied in small seminar discussions, which model and inculcate in students democratic behavior. This discourse is an antidote to the grandstanding in today’s media and social media.

The teacher is less an expert in specific writers and more a role model for intellectual curiosity, asking probing questions, offering critical analyses and seeking deeper understanding. In an idealized Socratic fashion, these discussions require listening at length and speaking briefly and, most important, being willing to go where the argument leads.

Parents who are paying for college might question the value of spending $80,000 a year so that their son or daughter can read Plato, Hobbes and Thoreau instead of studying molecular biology or machine learning. But discussing life’s big value questions in seminars gives students personal engagement with professors that can never be reproduced in large lecture halls. Discussions among students on their deepest thoughts cultivates curiosity and empathy, and forges bonds of friendship important for citizenship and fulfilling lives.

Although we like to set ourselves apart from the past by appeals to modernity, the fundamental questions that we find ourselves asking are not always modern, and the latest answer is not always right. But how would you know how to think beyond the readily presented check boxes if you haven’t done the work of laying things out and putting them back together for yourself?

War was no less a concern for Thucydides, Tacitus and Thoreau than it is today. Discussing Great Books allows students to gain distance from the daily noise and allows their reason to roam free among principles and foundations rather than becoming absorbed in contemporary events. Our biggest problems are often best addressed not by leaning in but by stepping away to reflect on enduring perspectives.

Liberal arts education is not value neutral. That is why it is indispensable today. Freedom of thought, critical reasoning, empathy for others and respectful disagreement are paramount for a flourishing democratic society. Without them, we get the unreasoned condemnations so pervasive in today’s malignant public discourse. With them, we have a hope of furthering the shared governance that is vital to America’s pluralistic society.

Ezekiel Emanuel and Harun Küçük are on the faculty of the University of Pennsylvania, where Dr. Emanuel is a professor and the vice provost for global initiatives and Dr. Küçük is an associate professor of the history and sociology of science.

The Times is committed to publishing a diversity of letters to the editor. We’d like to hear what you think about this or any of our articles. Here are some tips . And here’s our email: [email protected] .

Follow the New York Times Opinion section on Facebook , Instagram , TikTok , WhatsApp , X and Threads .

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नई शिक्षा नीति 2020 निबंध || New education policy 2020 essay || NEP essay writing in Hindi || निबंध
National Education Policy implementation for school education from this academic year

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Essay on New Education Policy 2020
This essay on new education policy 2020 will help you learn how this new policy has replaced the National Education Policy 1986 that is 34 years old. Aim of the New Education Policy 2020. This new policy has the aim of universalizing education from pre-school to secondary level. It plans to do that with a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in ...
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100 Words Essay on New Education Policy. The goal of the New Education Policy is to make education available to everyone from preschool through high school. With a 100% GRE (Gross Enrollment Ratio) in academics, it intends to achieve that. It is intended to be accomplished by 2030. A four-year, interdisciplinary undergraduate curriculum with a ...
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Essay on New Education Policy: Education policies are the rules and regulations implemented by the Central/ Federal and State Governments in their respective territories. The Ministry of Education implemented the New Education policy to make India a global hub of skilled manpower in the next 25 years; termed as 'Amrit Kal.'The Government aims to build a Developed India by 2047.
Essay on New Education Policy
Conclusion of Essay on New Education Policy. In conclusion, India's New Education Policy is a bold and forward-looking initiative that has the potential to transform the nation's education system. It focuses on holistic development, flexibility, early childhood education, technology integration, vocational skills, inclusivity, and teacher ...
National Education Policy, 2020
Why in News. Recently, the Union Cabinet has approved the new National Education Policy (NEP), 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system - from the school to college level.. The NEP 2020 aims at making "India a global knowledge superpower".; The Cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the Ministry of Education.
New National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: Analysis
The Union Cabinet approved a new national education policy recently after a big gap of 34 years. After long deliberations and two committees since 2014, the union cabinet has finalized a comprehensive policy that strives to direct the education system in India in the 21st century. With an aim to make India a knowledge superpower, the policy proposes some fundamental changes within the ...
(Pdf) a Comprehensive Analysis of The New Education Policy 2020 in
This research work provides a comprehensive analysis of the New Education Policy 2020 in India, focusing on its implications, challenges, and opportunities for transforming the education system.
What is New Education Policy 2020?
The Union Cabinet has approved the new National Education Policy 2020 with an aim to introduce several changes in the Indian education system - from the school to the college level. Its aims at making "India a global knowledge superpower". The Cabinet has also approved the renaming of the Ministry of Human Resource Development to the ...
What education policy experts are watching for in 2022
Daphna Bassok — Nonresident Senior Fellow in the Brown Center on Education Policy: As an early childhood policy researcher (and a mom of two children who have spent the early part of this new ...
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Important Highlights of National Education Policy 2020. New Policy aims for Universalization of Education from preschool to secondary level with 100 % GER in school education by 2030. NEP 2020 will bring 2 crore out-of-school children back into the mainstream. New 5+3+3+4 school curriculum with 12 years of schooling and 3 years of Anganwadi ...
National Education Policy 2020
The National Education Policy of India 2020 (NEP 2020), which was started by the Union Cabinet of India on 29 July 2020, outlines the vision of new education system of India. The new policy replaces the previous National Policy on Education, 1986. The policy is a comprehensive framework for elementary education to higher as well as vocational training in both rural and urban India. The policy ...
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The new education policy must provide to all students, irrespective of their place of residence, a quality education system, with particular focus on historically marginalized, disadvantaged, and underrepresented groups. Education is a great leveler and is the best tool for achieving economic and social mobility, inclusion, and equality.
New Education Policy
First new education policy in 34 years has been brought out. The union Cabinet gave its nod to the new policy recently. The aim of the National Education Policy 2020 is to create an education system which is deeply rooted in Indian ethos and can rebuild India as a global knowledge superpower, by providing high-quality education to all.
Education Sciences
The clear outcome of these complex issues and critical thinking across stakeholders of social development manifested into a policy called the New Education Policy 2020 (NEP 2020, ). According to the NEP 2020, "The purpose of the education system is to develop a good human being capable of rational thought and action, possessing compassion and ...
Essay on New Education Policy 2020 in English (1000 Words)
System of New Education Policy 2020. This policy talks about reorganizing the existing 10 + 2 school system into a new system of 5 + 3 + 3 + 4, the basis of the curriculum and teaching of all children aged 3 to 18 years. At present, children between the ages of 3 to 6 are not included in the 10 + 2 structure, as 6-year-olds are admitted in class 1.
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of India on 29 July 2020, outlines the vision of India's new education system. The new policy. replaces the previous N ational Policy on Education, 1986. The policy is a comprehensive. framework ...
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Here are my proposals: 1. We know that effective instructional materials have a very positive impact on student learning, so let's spend more on measuring their effects, informing educators about effective examples, and incentivizing their use. Effective curricula also have positive impacts. 2.
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Let's Start…. Essay On New Education Policy 2020. Introduction. On July 29, 2020 (Wednesday), the New Education Policy 2020 was launched. The aim of this policy is to overhaul the education system of our country and it is approved by Union Cabinet. The New Education Policy 2020, was announced by Human Resource Development (HRD) Ramesh ...
PDF A Critical Analysis and a Glimpse of New Education Policy -2020
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Essay on New Education Policy
New Education Policy Essay 10 Lines (100 - 150 Words) 1) On 29 July 2020, the new education policy came into existence. 2) The Union Cabinet of India is responsible for approving the Education Policy. 3) The National Education Policy (NEP 2020) describes India's vision for a new education system. 4) This new policy is the replacement of the ...
Opinion
This has led to a decline in their commitment to the liberal arts, a trend underscored in the results last year of a survey of chief academic officers at American colleges and universities by ...

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Essay on New Education Policy

A Need for Change

A Holistic Approach

Flexible and Multidisciplinary Learning

Early Childhood Education

Digital Learning and Technology

Vocational Education and Skills

Inclusivity and Equal Access

Teacher Training and Professional Development

Conclusion of Essay on New Education Policy

New National Education Policy (NEP) 2020: Analysis

What is the importance of education in Indian traditions and the legal-constitutional framework?

Express Learning Programme (ELP)

What is the need for a new education policy?

Prelims Sureshots – Most Probable Topics for UPSC Prelims

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What education policy experts are watching for in 2022

National Education Policy 2020: Key Highlights

Important Highlights of National Education Policy 2020

National Education Policy 2020: School Education

Ensuring Universal Access at all levels of school education

Early Childhood Care & Education with New Curricular and Pedagogical Structure

Attaining Foundational Literacy and Numeracy

Reforms in school curricula and pedagogy

Vocational education will start in schools from the 6th grade and will include internships.

Multilingualism and the power of language

Assessment Reforms

Equitable and Inclusive Education

Robust Teacher Recruitment and Career Path

School Governance

National Education Policy: Higher Education

Increase GER to 50 % by 2035

Holistic Multidisciplinary Education

Rationalized Institutional Architecture