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AQA AS/A2Biology Exemplar Essay-' The importance of cycles in biology'
Subject: Biology
Age range: 16+
Resource type: Unit of work
Last updated
3 April 2022
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This resource is an exemplar AQA A-level essay on the topic of ' The importance of cycles in biology’ . This essay was awarded 24/25. To achieve full marks, slightly more above spec knowledge should have been used.
Remember, to achieve 21-25 marks in the essay (band 5), it should contain at least 4 well developed, A-LEVEL QUALITY (no marks for GCSE-level knowledge) points relating to the IMPORTANCE of a specific biological cycle.
Simply talking in depth about a cycle does not relate to the essay title. YOU MUST be talking about the importance of that cycle. For example, the Calvin cycle is IMPORTANT as it allows plants to produce triose phosphate, from which other useful substances can be produced. TP can be converted into cellulose, glucose, amino acids etc which will aid plant growth.
Also remember that topics should be LINKED to attain the highest marks. For example, one might mention the nitrogen cycle and how it allows for plant growth via NO3- uptake. This can be linked to another point- the Calvin cycle also allows for plant growth via the production of glucose and cellulose from TP.
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Interphase ( AQA A Level Biology )
Revision note.
Biology Lead
- Within multicellular organisms, not all cells retain the ability to divide
- Eukaryotic cells that do retain the ability to divide show a cell cycle
- Mitosis is part of a precisely controlled process known as the cell cycle
- The cell cycle is the regulated sequence of events that occurs between one cell division and the next
- nuclear division (mitosis)
- cell division (cytokinesis)
- For example, onion root tip cells divide once every 20 hours (roughly) but human intestine epithelial cells divide once every 10 hours (roughly)
- The movement from one phase to another is triggered by chemical signals called cyclins
The cell cycle. S = synthesis (of DNA); G = gap; M = mitosis
- During Interphase the cell increases in mass and size and carries out its normal cellular functions (eg. synthesising proteins and replicating its DNA ready for mitosis)
- It is at some point during the G 1 phase a signal is received telling the cell to divide again
- The DNA in the nucleus replicates (resulting in each chromosome consisting of two identical sister chromatids)
- The S phase is relatively short
- Cells make the RNA, enzymes and other proteins required for growth during the G 1 phase
- During the G 2 phase, the cell continues to grow and the new DNA that has been synthesised is checked and any errors are usually repaired
- Other preparations for cell division are made (eg. the production of tubulin protein, which is used to make microtubules for the mitotic spindle)
- Interphase = G 1 + S + G 2
Events of Interphase Table
| G | Cell grows and receives a signal to divide |
| S | Synthesis of new DNA |
| G | Further cell growth |
Nuclear division (mitosis)
- Follows interphase
- Referred to as the M phase – M stands for mitosis
- Cell growth stops during the M phase
Cytokinesis
- Follows M phase
- Once the nucleus has divided into two genetically identical nuclei, the whole cell divides and one nucleus moves into each cell to create two genetically identical daughter cells
- In animal cells, cytokinesis involves constriction of the cytoplasm between the two nuclei and in plant cells a new cell wall is formed
Make sure you know the order of the phases of the cell cycle but also what specifically occurs during the different phases. Don’t forget, interphase is itself made up of three distinct stages (G 1 , S and G 2 ) and you need to know what happens during each of these.For example, an exam question might ask you to identify the stage of the cell cycle during which a cell would be producing the most mRNA molecules and explain why. The correct answer would be the G 1 phase, as this is when protein synthesis is occurring and the production of mRNA occurs during transcription (the first part of protein synthesis).
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Study with Quizlet and memorise flashcards containing terms like Where does the Calvin cycle occur, Calvin cycle is part of what process, Importance of the calvin cycle and others. ... AQA A Level Biology - 25 Mark Essays. 23 terms. biotig. Preview. Biology . 21 terms. Tania_Elangovan. Preview. Biology - Organisation. 167 terms. Kiahna_Nevaeh ...
Biology is detailed and comprehensive A-level content, uses appropriate terminology, and is very well written and always clearly explained. No significant errors or irrelevant material. For top marks in the band, the answer shows evidence of reading beyond specification requirements. 16-20. Relational.
25-mark Synoptic Essay: Cycles in Biology. A cycle can be defined by a series of events or steps that may be repeated in order to form an end product that is the same as the starting product. In biology, there are many cycles which occur inside an organism such as the cardiac cycle and krebs cycle.
Essay on Cycles discuss the importance of cycles (25 mark essay) the calvin cycle is very important in generating various products used in the process of ... Nervous coordination and muscles - A-Level Biology notes. Biology. Class notes. 98% (61) 23. AQA A- Level Chemistry Cheatsheet. Chemistry. Class notes. 100% (43) 2. 16 - Bowlby's Theory of ...
Biology essay titles This document contains the essay titles and mark schemes used in AQA A-level Biology examinations since 2007. The specifications these exam questions came from are no longer in ... Write an essay about cycles in biology 2010 10 a Carbon dioxide may affect organisms directly or indirectly. Describe and explain these effects.
that essays fall into being the 11-15 level, followed by the 16-20 level and the 6-10 level. The 21-25 level is the next most common mark band for essays, highlighting that it is relatively rare that an essay meets the requirements to achieve a mark over 20 on the A-level biology essay.
Excellent AQA A-level biology essay, which received full marks 25/25. It covers the following cycles: Krebs, Calvin, cardiac, nitrogen and the cell cycle. It has a mixture of A-level, AS level and beyond specification knowledge. Written by a high-achieving and passionate A-level biology student.
This essay explores the importance and prevalence of cycles in biology. Revision of this material will be essential as a guide for how to approach the AQA A-Level Paper 3 and will improve your knowledge and ability to link your knowledge across all aspects of the course.
Responding to Changes in Environment. Topic 7: Genetics, Populations, Evolution and Ecosystems. Topic 8: Control of Gene Expression. Practical Skills. All Topics, 1-8. Practical Skills. Revision for AQA Biology AS and A Level Papers, including summary notes, worksheets and past exam questions for each topic.
In stable communities, the processes that remove nutrients (e.g. plant growth) are balanced by the processes that return these nutrients (e.g. decomposition of dead plants and animals) This means these nutrients are constantly being cycled in ecosystems. Two examples of these nutrient cycles are: The nitrogen cycle. The phosphorous cycle.
This resource is an exemplar AQA A-level essay on the topic of 'The importance of cycles in biology'. This essay was awarded 24/25. To achieve full marks, slightly more above spec knowledge should have been used. Remember, to achieve 21-25 marks in the essay (band 5), it should contain at least 4 well developed, A-LEVEL QUALITY (no marks for ...
Not addressing the biological theme of the essay (e. importance) at A-level standard. Q1. The importance of cycles in biology..... 3.1 Monomers and polymers; 3.1.4 Many proteins are enzymes; 3.1 ATP; 3.2 All cells arise from other cells
The levels scheme states that more than two A-level topics need to be addressed to get higher than 10 marks. A minimum of four topics is required to get higher than 15 marks. A topic area is a numbered sub-section in the specification. For example, for the 2017 'diffusion' essay, gas exchange (3.3.2) was a topic area.
To obtain a top mark in an essay for A-level Biology it is vital that you mention areas covered under all the modules of the course- the questions that are asked are usually very broad and your answer should mirror that! Cycles occur all over biology and this is a good example of a question where you should be able to mention an extensive range ...
Core content. 1 Biological molecules. 2 Cells. 3 Organisms exchange substances with their environment. 4 Genetic information, variation and relationships between organisms. 5 Energy transfers in and between organisms (A-level only) 6 Organisms respond to changes in their internal and external environments (A-level only) 7 Genetics, populations ...
The AQA Biology essay may fill you with dread, but that's why I am going to make it easier and boost your confidence. In this video, I talk you through two ...
Interphase. Within multicellular organisms, not all cells retain the ability to divide. Eukaryotic cells that do retain the ability to divide show a cell cycle. Mitosis is part of a precisely controlled process known as the cell cycle. The cell cycle is the regulated sequence of events that occurs between one cell division and the next.
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