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The Big6: A Model for Information Literacy

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  • The Big6 Model for Information Literacy Developed by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz, the Big6 is the most widely known and widely used approach to teaching information and technology skills in the world. Used in thousands of K-12 schools, higher education institutions, and corporate and adult training programs, the Big6 information problem-solving model is applicable whenever people need and use information.
  • Big6 Chart A summary of the information literacy experience using the Big6 model as a framework. Includes links to other resources.

Research Process: The Big 6

  • Step #1 : Task Definition
  • Step #2 : Information Seeking Strategies
  • Step #3 : Location and Access
  • Step #4 : Use of Information
  • Step #5 : Synthesis
  • Step #6 : Evaluation
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the big 6 skills for information problem solving include

Check the pages above for each Step of the Big6 to get a further explanation of the process.

The “Big6™” is copyright © (1987) Michael B. Eisenberg and Robert E. Berkowitz. For more information, visit: www.big6.com

Overview of Big6 Process

Developed by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz, the Big6 is the most widely known and widely used approach to teaching information and technology skills in the world. Used in thousands of K-12 schools, higher education institutions, and corporate and adult training programs, the Big6 information problem-solving model is applicable whenever people need and use information.

Big Six Steps

Following these steps will help you to focus and stay organized while doing your research. 1. Task Definition

  • Define your assignment & identify information needed to complete it.
  • Restate the assignment in your own words. What are you interested in learning?
  • Gather basic information about your topic by reading articles, web pages etc.
  • Talking with teachers/parents/librarians is also helpful.

2. Information Seeking Strategies

  • Make a list of all possible sources & select the best ones.
  • Choose from nonfiction, news articles, reference books, web pages, databases, ebooks and multimedia encyclopedias.

3. Location and Access

  • Locate sources & find information within the texts.
  • Consult the library catalog, library reference section, search engines, and web-based references
  • Use a graphic organizer to map out your topic and sub topics

4. Use of Information

  • Engage with your source: read, hear, view & extract the most valuable information
  • Use skimming and scanning to find information that addresses your topic.
  • Look for key words, pictures, read headlines and first & last paragraphs of articles to help find the “right” information.
  • Take notes – cite your source on your note card 
  • Summarize, paraphrase or quote.
  • Remember to cite each source you use. Use EasyBib

5. Synthesis

  • Choose the format of your project and organize your research notes according to how you will share the information.
  • If your format is a paper, begin by writing an outline.
  • If you are producing a PowerPoint or multi-media presentation, categorize your main bullet points and images. Different formats require different types of organization.
  • Present the information effectively by practicing and knowing your audience.

6. Evaluation

  • Judge the product (effectiveness). 
  • Judge the process (efficiency).
  • Did you meet your objective?
  • Judge the quality of your work.
  • Next, judge the quality of your presentation.
  • You can use criteria such as accuracy, content, creativity and legibility.

Big6 Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz.

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  • Last Updated: Nov 21, 2019 1:12 PM
  • URL: https://ashley.nhcs.libguides.com/researchprocess

the big 6 skills for information problem solving include

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Information Problem-Solving: The Big6 Skills Approach to Library and Information Skills Instruction (Information Management Policy &amp; Services)

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Information Problem-Solving: The Big6 Skills Approach to Library and Information Skills Instruction (Information Management Policy & Services)

  • ISBN-10 0893917575
  • ISBN-13 978-0893917579
  • Publisher Linworth
  • Publication date January 1, 1990
  • Language English
  • Dimensions 6 x 0.39 x 9 inches
  • Print length 173 pages
  • See all details

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About the author.

Michael B. Eisenberg is dean emeritus and professor at the Information School of the University of Washington. Robert E. Berkowitz is the library and information specialist at Wayne Central High School in Ontario Center, NY.

Product details

  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ Linworth (January 1, 1990)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 173 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0893917575
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0893917579
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 10.7 ounces
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 6 x 0.39 x 9 inches
  • #981 in Network Storage & Retrieval Administration
  • #1,788 in Library & Information Science (Books)
  • #5,058 in General Library & Information Sciences

About the author

Michael eisenberg.

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COMMENTS

  1. Information Problem-Solving: The Big Six Skills Approach

    Abstract. Explains the components of a library and information skills curriculum and integrated instructional model that was developed to help students solve information problems. The six steps ...

  2. PDF What is the Big6?

    The Big6 is a process model of how people of all ages solve an information problem. The process is a systematic approach to information problem-solving that relies upon critical thinking skills. Mike Eisenberg (Dean Emeritus and Professor - University of Washington Information School) and Bob Berkowitz (School Library Media Specialist with the ...

  3. TheBig6.org

    The Big6 is an information literacy process, a research process, and an inquiry process because it describes the way we complete assignments and solve problems in any situation. The Big6 is a six-stage model to help anyone solve problems or make decisions by using information. Some call it information literacy, inquiry, research skills, or an ...

  4. InfoLit Model: The Big6

    Developed by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz, the Big6 is the most widely known and widely used approach to teaching information and technology skills in the world. Used in thousands of K-12 schools, higher education institutions, and corporate and adult training programs, the Big6 information problem-solving model is applicable whenever ...

  5. The Big6 Story

    The Big6 Story... Developed by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz, the Big6 is used to teach inquiry, information and technology skills all over the world. Used in thousands of K-12 schools, higher education institutions, and corporate training programs, the Big6 information problem-solving process is applicable whenever people need and use ...

  6. The Big6 and Super3

    The Big6 is a process model of how people of all ages solve an information problem. From practice and study, we found that successful information problem-solving encompasses six stages with two sub-stages under each... 1. Task Definition. 1.1 Define the information problem. 1.2 Identify information needed. 2. Information Seeking Strategies

  7. Information Problem Solving: The Big Six Skills Approach to Library

    This is the first Big6 book showing detailed applications of the Big6, and provides exercises, examples, and explanations, plus practical methods for bringing together other instructional efforts and this problem-solving approach. Presenting the Big6 skills from multiple perspectives, this accessible book provides exercises, examples, and explanations, plus practical methods for bringing ...

  8. ERIC

    This book presents a systematic approach to integrated library and information skills instruction that is based on six broad skill areas necessary for successful information problem-solving, otherwise referred to as the "Big Six Skills." It begins with definitions and explanations of the Big Six Skills approach, moves to a discussion of implementation, and concludes with specific exemplary ...

  9. Information Problem-Solving: The Big Six Skills Approach

    Explains the components of a library and information skills curriculum and integrated instructional model that was developed to help students solve information problems. The six steps include (1) task definition, (2) information seeking strategies, (3) location and access, (4) use of information, (5) synthesis, and (6) evaluation. (LRW)

  10. Information Problem-Solving: The Big6 Skills Approach to Library and

    Presenting the Big6 skills from multiple perspectives, this accessible book provides exercises, examples, and explanations, plus practical methods for bringing together other instructional efforts and this problem-solving approach. Now easily available, this is the first Big6 book showing detailed applications of the Big6.

  11. The Big6 Workshop Handbook: Implementation and Impact, 4th Edition

    The Big6 was first developed in 1987 as a simple, flexible, and broadly applicable approach to teaching and learning essential information literacy skills. At its most fundamental level, the Big6 is a six-stage process model for information problem-solving and decision-making. For over 20 years, the successful Big6 formula has been constantly expanded and refined with the input of thousands of ...

  12. Information Problem-Solving: The Big Six Skills Approach

    Presenting the Big6 skills from multiple perspectives, this accessible book provides exercises, examples, and explanations, plus practical methods for bringing together other instructional efforts and this problem-solving approach. Now easily available, this is the first Big6 book showing detailed applications of the Big6.

  13. PDF The Big6™ Skills

    The Big6™ Skills The Big6 is a process model of how people of all ages solve an information problem. From practice and study, we found that successful information problem-solving encompasses six stages with two sub-stages under each: 1. Task Definition 1.1 Define the information problem 1.2 Identify information needed What is the problem?

  14. Information Problem-solving: The Big Six Skills Approach to Library

    The authors present an in-depth investigation of a powerful approach to integrated library and iformation skills instruction that defines the Big Six skills and discusses how to implement. Also included are instructional units and lessons.This volume reviews the concepts and skills necessary to all library and information skills instructional programs.

  15. The Big 6

    Overview of Big6 Process. Developed by Mike Eisenberg and Bob Berkowitz, the Big6 is the most widely known and widely used approach to teaching information and technology skills in the world. Used in thousands of K-12 schools, higher education institutions, and corporate and adult training programs, the Big6 information problem-solving model is ...

  16. Instructional Materials

    Themes of the Big6 - An explanation of how and why the Big6 works - in college and university settings. The Super3 - Getting students to think of completing tasks as a process is important. It helps them get organized, complete the job, and maintain high standards of quality. The Big6 Information Problem-Solving Process is great - let's ...

  17. Information Problem-Solving: The Big6 Skills Approach to Library and

    Presenting the Big6 skills from multiple perspectives, this accessible book provides exercises, examples, and explanations, plus practical methods for bringing together other instructional efforts and this problem-solving approach. Now easily available, this is the first Big6 book showing detailed applications of the Big6.

  18. Information problem-solving : the Big Six Skills approach to library

    Library orientation, Library orientation for school children, Information retrieval -- Study and teaching, Information services -- User education, Problem solving -- Study and teaching Publisher Norwood, N.J. : Ablex Pub. Corp. Collection internetarchivebooks; printdisabled Contributor Internet Archive Language English

  19. [PDF] The Big Six Information Skills As a Metacognitive Scaffold: A

    Several information problem-solving models exist for teaching and reinforcing the research, problem-solving, and writing processes. The Big Six information skills model (Big6) is one that is primarily aimed at kindergarten through twelfth-grade students. This model is intended to foster the acquisition of research, problem-solving, and metacognitive skills through the cooperation of both ...

  20. Getting Started

    The Big6 is a model to guide thinkers of all ages from the beginning — to middle — to the end of a project or problem. School students use the Big6 model to handle assignments and organize research projects. Adults use the Big6 model to navigate through a problem-solving or decision-making process. Know where you are in the thinking process ...

  21. ERIC

    The "Big Six Skills Approach to Information Problem Solving" is an information literacy curriculum, an information problem-solving process, and a set of skills which provide a strategy for effectively and efficiently meeting ... and work applications, as well as all content areas and the full range of grade levels. The Big Six Skills include ...

  22. Lesson Planning with the Big 6 and Super 3

    Whatever your lesson planning, instructional framework, or design model, use the Big 6/Super 3 as a way to understand how much of the work of learning students are doing. And even more importantly, look at units of study, semester projects, or other long term planning to see the accumulation of information problem solving practice that students ...

  23. The Big 6.org Blog

    We'll share our experiences with the Big 6 and hope you will read, comment, and share as well. Let's grow the Big 6 community! ... Students are also exercising their Big6 information problem-solving skills - particularly Task Definition, Information Seeking Strategies, and Evaluation. ... podcast topics will include - Covid and the lockdown ...