phd degree in germany

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How to Apply for a PhD in Germany: Programs, Funding, & FAQs

If you’re considering advancing your academic journey with a PhD and have a passion for conducting research in your field, Germany could be an excellent destination for you. With its top-tier universities, exciting research opportunities, financial support, and diverse culture, Germany stands out as an excellent choice for PhD studies.

These are the main steps to doing a PhD in Germany:

Find a PhD Program and a Supervisor

• Decide Between Individual and Structured PhD Programs
• Meet All Requirements & Prepare Your Application

Apply for Doctoral Studies

Secure funding, get a student visa or resident permit, arrive in germany and begin your phd program, why pursue a phd in germany.

Here are some compelling reasons to pursue a PhD in Germany:

• Top universities. Germany boasts four universities ranked in the top 100 globally, offering access to world-class education and research facilities.
• International student community. Germany welcomes a diverse and thriving international student community, with over 458,210 international students studying across the country.
• Abundant research institutions. Germany’s 1,000+ publicly funded research institutions, spanning universities, applied sciences, research institutes, businesses, and government bodies, offer countless opportunities for collaboration and networking.
• Investment in research and development. Germany’s commitment to research and development is evident through its increasing expenditure, which reached a record high of 112.6 billion euros in 2021.
• Strong economy. Germany is known for its robust and stable economy, offering potential career opportunities in academia, industry, and research sectors after completing your PhD.

How to Apply for a PhD in Germany

Below, you will find all the steps you need to take, from discovering your perfect program to submitting your application and commencing your PhD adventure in Germany.

To start your PhD in Germany, define your research focus by considering your interests and academic background. Explore resources, attend conferences, and connect with professors. Use online sources, engage with academic communities, and seek advice from current PhD students for insights into the research scene.

If you’re already clear about your research direction, it’s time to search for suitable programs. The German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) provides a comprehensive database of current opportunities, which you can explore at the DAAD PhD Database . Additionally, consider researching universities in Germany individually to understand what each institution offers in terms of research and programs.

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You will also have to find a supervisor. One way to do so is by visiting university websites to find faculty directories with profiles of professors and their research interests. Contact professors whose work aligns with your research interests, express your interest and inquire about supervision opportunities.

> You can search PhD programs using the GERiT database , which features over 31,000 research institutions.

Types of PhD Programs in Germany

Before you start searching for a PhD program, it’s essential to understand that in Germany, there are two different paths you can take when pursuing a PhD, each with its own set of advantages and opportunities.

Individual PhD Programs

An individual doctorate program is considered the more common and traditional PhD route in Germany. It is a flexible and self-directed path to earning a doctoral degree, particularly in fields like humanities and social sciences. You take the initiative to find a supervisor (called “Doktorvater” or “Doktormutter”) for your research project and often suggest your research topic.

There’s no fixed curriculum, giving you the freedom to set your research timeline and choose coursework. This approach requires self-discipline and active networking, including participation in doctoral candidate meetings and research events.

Structured PhD Programs

Structured PhD programs in Germany offer a clear path to a PhD degree, typically lasting three to five years. Unlike individual doctorate studies, they include a curriculum, research proposal submission that has to fit an existing program, and a set timeline for coursework and research.

Candidates benefit from advisor supervision and are encouraged to collaborate across disciplines, making structured programs ideal if you’re seeking a guided and comprehensive doctoral experience.

Ensure You Meet All Requirements & Prepare the Application

The requirements and application documents for a PhD in Germany can vary depending on your chosen institution and research area. However, as a general guideline, you should prepare the following:

• Academic degree recognized in Germany. Typically, you’ll need a master’s degree or a German state examination (Staatsexamen) to qualify for a PhD program.
• Copy of master’s thesis. Provide a copy of your master’s thesis, showcasing your research skills and the depth of your academic work.
• Research proposal. Craft a clear and comprehensive research proposal outlining your intended research topic, objectives, methodology, and significance.
• Statement of purpose. Write a statement of purpose explaining why you wish to pursue a PhD in your chosen field, your academic and career goals, and how this program aligns with your aspirations.
• Curriculum Vitae (CV). Prepare a detailed CV highlighting your academic achievements, research experience, relevant coursework, publications, and any other qualifications.
• Proof of language proficiency. Depending on the language of instruction (usually German or English), you may have to provide proof of language proficiency. You can do this with certificates like TestDaF, DSH, TOEFL, IELTS, or proof of previous studies in the language.
• Academic references. You may need to provide contact information or recommendation letters from professors or academic advisors confirming your academic abilities and research potential.
• Predoctoral examination. Some programs may require you to pass a predoctoral examination as part of the application process.

Once you’ve found a suitable PhD program and a mentor, and your academic qualifications are recognized in Germany, you can start your application. Depending on the university or research institute, you can apply online or by post, so it’s essential to check their specific requirements. Keep in mind that admission committees are selective and may conduct interviews to admit the best candidates.

Securing funding is a crucial step when preparing for a PhD in Germany. To meet visa requirements and stay in the country, you must demonstrate access to a minimum of €934 per month, totaling €11,208 annually. This proof can be provided through an admission agreement or relevant contract, or you can open a blocked account with individual funds.

There are various ways to financially support yourself while pursuing a PhD in Germany:

• PhD scholarships. DAAD offers the highest number of doctoral scholarships. PhD students get an average monthly stipend of €1,139.
• Paid PhD positions. Many universities and research institutions offer paid PhD positions in Germany. You will have a contract and work on specific research projects while receiving a salary.
• Research associate positions. You can also work as a research associate in a university, research institution, or company and receive a salary as compensation.
• Part-time jobs. Some PhD students/researchers work part-time jobs that are not related to their studies to secure additional income.

> Read more about the costs associated with studying in Germany.

> Explore scholarship opportunities.

Once your acceptance into the PhD program is confirmed by the university or institution, you can begin the process of applying for a student visa or residence permit. The PhD visa or permit requirements for Germany can vary depending on your nationality and individual circumstances:

Visa Requirements

Citizens of the EU, the European Economic Area (EEA), and Switzerland do not need any special permit or visa to pursue a PhD in Germany. They can research and work with just a valid passport or ID card.

For international researchers who are not citizens of the EU, EEA, or Switzerland, a visa will be required to work as a researcher in Germany.

The type of visa you need depends on your specific situation:

• Study visa. If you’re pursuing a full-time doctoral program, you may apply for a student visa.
• Research visa. If your focus is on research and you have a formal affiliation with a research institution in Germany, you can apply for a research visa.
• EU Blue Card. If your PhD offer includes a gross annual salary of at least €45,300 (or €41,041.80 in certain professions), you may be eligible for an EU Blue Card, which is a special residence title for international academics.

Residence Permit Requirements

Once you arrive in Germany, you’ll need to apply for a residence permit based on the visa you have:

• Study permit. If you’re accepted into a PhD program at a German university, you can get a study-based residence permit for up to two years, extendable.
• Research permit. If you’re a researcher with the right qualifications for doctoral programs, you can get a research permit for Germany. This requires a contract with a research institution for your project.
• EU Blue Card. You may be eligible for the EU Blue Card, which is for foreign academics and qualified workers in Germany. To get it through a PhD offer, your salary should be at least €45,300 per year, or €41,041.80 for certain bottleneck professions .

*Note that nationals of certain countries , including the United States, Australia, Israel, Japan, and Korea, who are not required to obtain a visa, must still apply for a residence permit.

> For more specific information tailored to your situation, we recommend contacting the German embassy or consulate in your home country. You can also use this visa navigator.

Arriving in Germany and commencing your PhD program is an exciting step, but there are certain formalities you need to take care of. The international office at the university or a representative can guide you, however here are the main things to take care of once you’re in the country:

Register Your Residence

Shortly after your arrival, you must register your residence at the local registration office (Einwohnermeldeamt or Bürgeramt). This is mandatory, and you typically have a window of two weeks to complete this process.

Obtain Health Insurance

Everyone in Germany, including international PhD students, is obligated by law to have health insurance coverage . The type of health insurance you are eligible for depends on the source of your funding:

• Doctoral candidates with an employment contract are typically insured automatically with a state-regulated health insurance provider (Gesetzliche Krankenversicherung -GKV)
• Doctoral candidates without an employment contract (with a fellowship or private funding) may choose between:
• Voluntary health insurance coverage with a state-regulated provider.
• Coverage with a private health insurance company.

Some exceptions allow you to retain your insurance from your home country, such as students from a European Union (EU) country or other countries with social security agreements with Germany.

Open a Bank Account

It’s advisable to open a German bank account as soon as possible. Many financial transactions in Germany, including receiving your stipend or salary, are typically done through a German bank account.

Enrollment at University

If your PhD program requires enrollment at a university, you’ll need to complete this step. Submit the necessary documents to the university’s enrollment office, which may include your admission letter, passport, proof of health insurance, and proof of financial means.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

There’s a lot to think about when you’re considering pursuing a PhD, especially if it’s in a foreign country. We’re sure you’ve got more questions, and we’re here to help.

What Is the Duration of a PhD Program in Germany?

In general, a PhD program in Germany typically lasts between three to six years.

The duration of a PhD program in Germany can vary depending on several factors, including the university, the subject area, and individual progress.

Are PhD Programs in Germany Tuition-Free?

Most PhD programs in Germany are tuition-free, at least for the first six semesters. However, if you are enrolled at a university, you will need to cover a semester fee. This can vary depending on the university but usually falls within the range of €100 to €350.

Is Knowing German Mandatory to Pursue a PhD in Germany?

Knowing German is not always mandatory to pursue a PhD in Germany. Many German universities offer PhD programs in English, especially in fields like science, engineering, and the humanities. In such programs, you can write your thesis and communicate with professors and peers in English.

However, language requirements differ by university and department. If your program is in German, you might need to prove your proficiency. Knowing German can also be helpful for daily life and integration if you’re living in Germany.

Will I Get a PhD Salary in Germany?

PhD candidates in Germany, whether affiliated with universities, research institutions, or companies collaborating with them, typically receive financial support in the form of a salary or grant.

The majority of doctoral positions are structured under the TV-L (Tarifvertrag im Öffentlichen Dienst) salary scale, often falling within the TV-L 13 category, with a salary range spanning from €4,188 (Tier 1) to €6,037 (Tier 6).

Salaries are typically determined based on a wage agreement that specifies the contract tier (Stufe) and working hours (percentage-based). Many entry-level PhD students start with tier 1 contracts that are not full-time. For example, if your contract places you in Pay Group E-13 Tier 1 of the TV-L and you work at 75% capacity, your monthly gross salary will be €3,141.

Can I Work While Pursuing a PhD in Germany?

It’s generally allowed for PhD students in Germany to have part-time jobs to cover living expenses. However, the rules and expectations can vary depending on your supervisor, field of study, and specific circumstances.

While part-time work is an option, keep in mind that pursuing a PhD can be quite demanding, often requiring long hours of research and study. It’s essential to find the right balance between work and your academic commitments. Additionally, make sure to be aware of any legal and contractual obligations related to your employment while studying for your PhD.

What Is the Process for Defending a PhD Thesis in Germany?

In Germany, defending your PhD thesis involves several steps. You start by submitting your thesis and necessary documents, making sure they meet all the formal requirements. A commission is formed, and you may have the opportunity to suggest reviewers.

Then, you will have to prepare and undergo an oral defense, which can be either public or private and typically lasts between 30 minutes to 2 hours. During this, you present your research and discuss it with the committee.

The outcome of this discussion determines your final grade, which you receive after the defense. If everything goes well, you’re granted the Ph.D. title and have about two years to publish your dissertation.

What Are the Career Prospects After Completing a PhD in Germany?

After completing a PhD in Germany, career prospects are promising. Graduates often find opportunities in academia as professors or researchers or in various industries, including technology, healthcare, and finance. Germany’s strong economy and research-oriented environment make it an attractive place for career development.

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First steps to your PhD

Before starting your doctoral studies in Germany, there are some important steps you have to follow:

• Have your post-graduate degree recognised
• Apply for a residence permit
• Find a doctoral position
• Finance your research stay

To find some practical advice on preparing your research stay - visit: www.research-in-germany.org > phd

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PhD in Germany [Complete Guide]

Few achievements in life match the feeling of being awarded a PhD. Doctorates represent the pinnacle of academic achievement, and require years of diligent study.

The rewards, however, are great. Not only does a Ph.D. give you bragging rights at cocktail parties, but it also provides excellent job prospects and earning potential. But what if you want to study for a PhD outside of your home country?

Germany is an increasingly popular destination for international students, offering high-quality education and research facilities at a fraction of the cost of studying in the US or UK. Germany offers and takes research extremely seriously, and is one of the world's most popular places to study for a PhD or higher education.

But what kinds of PhDs are available, how much do they cost, and how do students apply? Let's find out.

General information

Germany is widely seen as one of the best places to apply for a PhD worldwide

The country offers excellent education and research facilities as well as competitive funding opportunities for doctoral students.

There are different types of Ph.D. programs in Germany. That's no surprise, as   Germany invented the elite academic qualification in the 19th century . German PhDs cover subjects as diverse as history, linguistics, and philosophy, or chemistry, molecular biology, earth sciences, and computer science. Most lower level degree subjects can be extended to PhD level if the student desires.

How can I get a PhD in Germany?

There are   two main ways   to complete a PhD in Germany. Most commonly,   students form a working relationship with a specific   Doktorvater   or   Doktormutter   (or "supervisor" in English). They then work on a tightly focused research task for the duration of their studies.   The fruits of their university research are then presented as a "Doctorate" ( Doktorarbeit ), which tends to resemble a medium-length book.

In some cases,   "Structured" PHDs are available . These resemble taught Masters degrees, but still have a strong research element. They may also focus on work placements.

How long does it take to get a PhD in Germany?

Generally speaking,   a standard research-oriented German doctorate can be obtained within 4-6 years . This depends on the speed of work and personal factors such as having children.   Structured doctorates can often be completed in just 3 years , but this varies from course to course.

International PhD Programs

Germany welcomes international students to study at PhD level

Many programs offer specialist assistance and course structures for overseas students.

DAAD   (the German Academic Exchange Service) brings together   grants for international students at leading German universities . It's the best place to start   hunting for scholarships to help fund your studies .

Is a PhD in Germany free?

PhDs at German universities are usually available free of charge for international students , but   living costs   aren't covered. However, scholarships can cover (most) living costs.   DAAD grants will average around €1,200 per month , and additional funding sources may be available.

A group of prominent universities has also created a funding scheme   called   StipendumPlus , which also distributes grants. Between them, finding financial help should be possible.

Do PhD students get paid in Germany?

It's not routine for international students to be paid for their work , but it is definitely possible to find paid research posts. Enquire with your supervisor, and you may find that paid jobs are available to supplement your income.

How to find your PhD Position

Finding the right PhD is essential

It's   a huge investment of both finances and time , and could change the course of your life. So here are some useful tips to remember.

Take time to find a   supervisor   you want to work with.   Balance their academic record with the resources of the university, and have a chat with them   if possible. You need to be able to work with them on a daily basis.

• Searching for doctorate programs has been made much easier by databases like   DAAD . Use them to assess every option.
• Consult   university rankings   to avoid poor-quality teaching.
• Check for services like career advice and travel grants. As a PhD researcher, you may need to travel worldwide, and this can be expensive.
• Ask about work opportunities as well. Research posts at your university are the best way to add some extra income, while gaining relevant experience.

Requirements and Application

Before you can commence doctorate studies in Germany, you'll need to complete an application process

If you want to study a traditional PhD,   applications must be carried out via your prospective supervisor .

When   you contact   the supervisor   and they   agree to work with you, they will forward your request to the relevant faculty . The department will then request:

• A statement from your supervisor
• Proof of your academic qualification 
• 1-2 academic references
• Proof of   language proficiency
• A valid   student visa   and   health insurance

Structured PhDs don't require students to go through a supervisor.   In those cases, applications are made via the faculty, and will usually be carried out via online portals.

To study a PhD, requirements generally demand a Masters degree   (8 semesters of university education), as well as English and German proficiency to a high level.

IELTS English certificates , and   TestDaf German courses   are advisable for all doctoral candidates, even if they have studied those languages in the past.

PhDs are a huge investment of both finances and time, so it's important to do your research before choosing a supervisor and program. Make sure to consult university rankings and databases like DAAD when making your decision. Once you've been accepted into a program, make sure to apply for scholarships and grants to help cover your living costs.

Finally, remember to ask about work opportunities as well – research posts are a great way to gain relevant experience and supplement your income.

Find Your Perfect Match 

Search by city, major, or field of study and find your dream study program in Germany.

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Phd in germany: cost, scholarships, & admission requirements.

Have you considered pursuing a PhD in Germany? Germany is a popular destination for international students seeking a high-quality education and a vibrant research environment.

Pursuing a PhD in Germany can provide you with a unique opportunity to work with leading researchers in your field, gain valuable experience, and develop your skills.

In this article, we will explore some of the key aspects of pursuing a PhD in Germany, including the application process, funding opportunities, and the research environment.

How Much Does PhD Cost in Germany?

The cost of pursuing a PhD in Germany varies depending on several factors, including the university, the program, and the student’s lifestyle. However, most public universities in Germany offer their doctoral programs at a highly subsidized tuition or even at no tuition cost at all.

The only cost that students may have to pay is a semester fee ranging from 300-3,000 EUR a year. Private universities may charge higher tuition fees, but they are generally more expensive than public universities.

In addition to tuition fees, students will also have to consider the cost of living in Germany, which includes rent, food, transportation, and other expenses. The average cost of living in Germany is around 700-1,100 EUR per month.

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How Many Years is a PhD in Germany?

The duration of a PhD program in Germany typically ranges from 3-5 years. The duration may vary depending on the field of study, the research topic, and the student’s progress. 

Who is Eligible for PhD in Germany? 

To be eligible for a PhD program in Germany, applicants must meet certain requirements. Here are the general eligibility criteria for pursuing a PhD in Germany based on the search results:

• A strong research-oriented master’s degree in a relevant field of interest is a major prerequisite while applying for a PhD in Germany.
• The acknowledged degree for entering doctoral studies in Germany is a Master’s Degree – taken by completing at least eight semesters of your Master studies.
• Extremely well-qualified international applicants with a bachelor’s degree may be admitted as doctoral students via a fast-track program, which will involve taking an entrance exam and perhaps attending an interview.
• Applicants must have a good higher education degree which is equivalent to a German master’s degree.
• Applicants must have a minimum GPA of 80% from a recognized university.
• Applicants must have a valid Curriculum Vitae (CV) that mentions prior work experience, academic pursuits, etc.
• Applicants must demonstrate language proficiency in either English or German. For English, applicants must have an IELTS score of 6.5 and above or TOEFL score of 80 and above.
• For German, applicants may need to prove their proficiency in the language with a test such as DSH-2 or the Goethe certificate C2.

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Do you get paid to do a phd germany.

Yes, PhD students in Germany receive a salary or stipend during their studies.The amount of salary or stipend varies depending on the university, the program, and the student’s experience.

The average stipend for PhD students in Germany is around 24,500 EUR per year (approximately INR 19,53,189 per year). However, some universities may offer higher stipends depending on the field of study and the research topic.

In addition to the stipend, PhD students may also receive other benefits such as health insurance, travel grants, and conference funding.

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What is top 20 universities in germany.

• Technical University of Munich
• Ludwig Maximilians University Munich
• Heidelberg University
• University of Bonn
• University of Gottingen
• University of Freiburg
• Humboldt University of Berlin
• University of Tübingen
• RWTH Aachen University
• University of Hamburg
• University of Cologne
• University of Stuttgart
• University of Frankfurt
• University of Erlangen-Nuremberg
• University of Würzburg
• University of Konstanz
• University of Mannheim
• University of Bremen
• University of Münster
• University of Duisburg-Essen

Looking For Funded PhD Programs? Click Here

What is top 10 phd scholarships in germany.

Here are some of the top PhD scholarships available for international students in Germany based on the search results:

• DAAD Scholarship (German Academic Exchange Service)
• Helmholtz Research Scholarship
• Alexander Von Humboldt Foundation Scholarships
• Heinrich Böll Foundation Scholarships
• Friedrich Ebert Foundation Scholarships
• Konrad Adenauer Foundation Scholarships
• Rosa Luxemburg Foundation Scholarships
• Hans Böckler Foundation Scholarships
• Max Planck Society Scholarships
• Einstein International Postdoctoral Fellowship

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How to apply for a phd in the germany.

1. Find a suitable PhD program and a supervisor: The first step is to find a PhD program that matches your academic and career goals. You can search for programs on the university websites or other online platforms. Once you have identified a program, you need to find a supervisor who can guide you through your research.

2. Check the eligibility criteria: Before applying, you need to check the eligibility criteria for the program. The criteria may vary depending on the university and the program. Generally, you need to have a strong research-oriented master’s degree in a relevant field of interest, a valid Curriculum Vitae (CV), and language proficiency in either English or German.

3. Prepare the application documents: The application documents may include a CV, a copy of your degree certificate, a brief description of your doctoral research, language proficiency certificates, and letters of recommendation. You may also need to submit a research proposal, a statement of purpose, and a writing sample.

4. Submit the application: Once you have prepared the application documents, you can submit them online or by mail. The application process may involve multiple stages, and the timeline may vary depending on the program.

5. Wait for the response: After submitting the application, you need to wait for the response from the university. If your application is accepted, you will receive a confirmation letter from the university. You can use this letter to apply for a German student visa.

What is PhD Application materials in Germany?

The application materials required for a PhD program in Germany may vary depending on the university and the program. However, common application materials required:

1. Curriculum Vitae (CV): A detailed CV that mentions prior work experience, academic pursuits, research interests, and other relevant information.

2. Degree certificate: A copy of your degree certificate that proves you have completed a master’s degree or equivalent. Research proposal: A brief description of your doctoral research, including the research question, methodology, and expected outcomes.

3. Statement of Purpose (SOP): A statement that explains your motivation for pursuing a PhD, your academic and career goals, and how the PhD program aligns with your goals.

4. Language proficiency certificates: Proof of language proficiency in either English or German. For English, applicants must have an IELTS score of 6.5 and above or TOEFL score of 80 and above. For German, applicants may need to prove their proficiency in the language with a test such as DSH-2 or the Goethe certificate C2.

5. Letters of Recommendation (LOR): Letters of recommendation from professors or employers who can attest to your academic and research abilities.

6. Aptitude scores: Some universities may require aptitude scores like GRE or GMAT.

7. Exposé of the dissertation project: A detailed description of the dissertation project.

Can I work while doing PhD in Germany?

Yes, it is possible to work while doing a PhD in Germany. PhD students in Germany can work as research associates at their universities, which is usually a part-time job. The research associate job description includes research, teaching, and administrative duties. PhD students can also work outside the university.

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• Study in Germany /

PhD in Germany

• Updated on  
• Dec 2, 2023

With its unparalleled focus on research, innovation, and development, Germany offers innumerable opportunities to individuals not only in STEM courses , but also in social sciences , humanities , and languages. Further, colleges in Germany are known for their outstanding faculty, internationally recognized curriculum as well as bright career prospects both in enterprises and research organisations. Be it Berlin, Munich, Frankfurt, or Cologne, German cities serve as hubs for manufacturing, international business and finance sectors and housing headquarters of several giant companies. If you are interested in pursuing a PhD in Germany, this blog will help in breaking down its process.

This Blog Includes:

Why study for a phd in germany, types of phd courses in germany, academic session, phd in germany: admission requirements, phd in germany: admission process, writing your research proposal, top universities for phd in germany, cost of studying phd in germany, phd in germany with scholarships, visa process for international students to germany, can i work in germany after my phd, work opportunities, salaries after phd in germany.

The PhD study in Germany epitomizes the country’s mastery of higher education. Let us examine the advantages of studying PhD programs in Germany in further depth:

Free Adult Education: In terms of higher education, Germany has distinguished itself. It offers free education to both domestic and international students. Compared to other international colleges, it only costs a student 310 EUR to cover the semester as well as travel expenses.

Immensely well infrastructure and facilities: After the United Kingdom and the United States, Germany has been ranked as the world’s third finest education destination, and its amenities reflect this. A multitude of non-university research groups contributes to high-quality Ph.D. education at German institutions.

PhD in Germany with Scholarship: Germany values all students’ knowledge, and as a result, they never allow anyone to stop researching due to a lack of funds. There are organizations whose major goal is to offer enough funding to ensure that the informed are loved eternally.

In Germany, there are two broad categories into which PhD courses are divided, namely, individual doctorate programs and structured PhD degrees. Read the following to know more:

Individual Doctorates [3 to 5 Years] Considered the most favourable choice for a PhD in Germany, an individual doctorate also called the traditional PhD is a more direct method of gaining a doctoral qualification. The process of application involves approaching a potential professor or supervisor who is teaching at the university directly, demonstrating how one’s research interests align with the professor, and asking whether he is willing to act as a supervisor. Typically, this process requires a considerable amount of effort and time as it involves finding the right professor, proving that one’s experiences in prior degrees and experiences make him the right candidate, and submission of a research proposal, among other steps. In a traditional PhD, learners have to submit a doctoral thesis focusing more on the research and an oral presentation and examination of their work testing their wider knowledge in the field.

Structured PhD Degrees [3 to 5 Years] An individual opting for a structured PhD in Germany undertakes research work as part of a group of doctoral students who are guided by a team of supervisors. Structured PhD degree admissions and application process is done through online portals of universities such as DAAD. The curriculum may involve interdisciplinary studies along with an emphasis on scientific tools and techniques, and interpersonal skills.   As far as a structured PhD is concerned, students need to complete several mandatory units to achieve 180 to 240 ECTS credits that are essentially required in doctoral studies. They will be assessed on their understanding of course content delivered in seminars and lectures, besides submitting their thesis and completing the oral exams.

If you plan to study in Germany , your academic year will typically comprise 2 semesters – Wintersemester which runs from October 1 to March 31 with Christmas and Easter break; and Sommersemester which runs from April 1 to September 30 with breaks from July to September.

For pursuing a PhD in Germany, the documents to be submitted remain more or less the same throughout the universities in Germany. However, there can be some exceptions. Following are the required things you can’t miss while applying for a PhD:

• Materials to be submitted at the time of application include aptitude scores like GRE or GMAT and  English-language proficiency scores of IELTS or TOEFL , research proposal, SOP , LOR , and CV, amongst others. However, these requirements vary from university to university.
• Sometimes, traditional PhDs may require you to write a thesis in Germany, thus you may need to prove your German-language proficiency through TestDaF or DSH.

A strong research-oriented master’s degree in a relevant field of interest is a major prerequisite while applying for a PhD in Germany. As for the application process is concerned, the individual doctorate route is quite straightforward and requires a direct approach to potential supervisors. On the other hand, for a structured doctorate, one is required to apply through official university portals.

• Once you have supplied the documents highlighted above, the doctoral committee you are applying to will confirm your eligibility to pursue a PhD in Germany.
• A personal interview may also be part of the application process. This is typically conducted by the supervising board for the program. You can refer to our blog on DAAD Scholarshipfunding as well as admission-related information.

A staple part of the application process both for individual and structured PhD in Germany is the submission of a well-curated, coherent and concise research proposal. A research proposal is a document that outlines your research interests, at what points they match with those of your potential supervisors, and what you intend to study and work under the guide. More often than not, applicants do not devote as much time as required to writing a proposal that underlines their achievements as well as what it doesn’t involve. It is important to not sway away from the research topic. Apart from including only the relevant details, it is important to make sure that errors and mistakes have not crept in. Getting it checked by your current professors and mentors is also an option worth considering. 

Germany is home to some of the top institutions in the world, known to offer quality education, scientific discoveries, and technology. Below listed are the top universities to pursue a PhD in Germany:

Note: This list is for indicative purposes and is not exhaustive. While some PhD courses in Germany are available throughout the year, others are offered based on the number of vacancies and the semester chosen. 

Some Other German Universities to Consider

• Heidelberg University
• Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin
• University of Freiburg
• University of Tübingen
• Free University of Berlin

When it comes to studying for a PhD at public universities in Germany, there is no tuition fee charged to international students but you will be required to pay certain administrative costs which range from €150-€200 [roughly 13,100 INR-17,600 INR] (per semester administration fee). However, you will also have to keep the living expenses in mind while applying for a PhD in Germany as the living costs can vary largely from one city to another. While applying for the German student visa, you will be required to provide proof of sufficient funds of €10,236 [roughly 8,94,000 INR] as well. You can also use our exclusive Cost of Living Calculator to estimate your living costs and also check out our blog on the cost of studying in Germany to get an overview of the major expenses you can expect while pursuing higher education in Germany.

Explore the popular German Scholarships for PhD Programs !

To continue your studies in Germany, you will require a student visa. There are two categories of student visas:

• Schengen Visa: Permits you to take a 90-day course in Germany specifically.Visa Fee: 60 EUR 
• National Visa: This allows you to stay in Germany for more than 90 days; you must also obtain a residency permit.
• VISA Fee: 75 EUR
• Working in Germany after completing a PhD is governed by nationality.
• Students from the EU and EEA will not require a work visa. You will have the same career opportunities as German citizens.
• Students from outside the EU and EEA can prolong their stay for up to 18 months to look for jobs connected to their studies.

As an international student, you are permitted to work 120 full days or 240 half days every year while studying for a PhD in Germany. In case you plan to work for longer than this, then you need to seek permission from the Foreigner’s Registration Office and Local Employment Agency. The student is sometimes employed by the university under student assistants or teaching appointments. The salary depends on the hours spent supervising the library, researching literature, and demonstrating or leading tutorials.

Ans. The majority of German institutions do not charge tuition for PhD programmes, and financing is available from numerous government agencies, research groups, and other organisations.

Ans. A PhD professor typically earns a gross monthly salary of between 4,00,000 and 5,300,000 euros (INR 4 lakh and 5.3 lakhs). Do German PhD students receive compensation? Yes, PhD students may be paid in Germany thanks to the PhD Stipend.

Ans. In Germany, getting a PhD is a little more challenging than getting a bachelor’s or master’s degree. This is mostly due to the fact that PhDs are offered in Germany by both accredited businesses operating in the industrial sector and universities.

Thus, building a successful career in Research needs hard work, dedication, and the right guidance. If you are planning to pursue a PhD in Germany or at any other study abroad destination but are not sure how to go about it, then Leverage Edu can guide you through the process. Right from the application to the arrangement of funding, the counsellors will assist at every step. and beyond so that you can take a step towards building a rewarding career.

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Hi, The article is very crisp and informative. Well i would like to introduce myself as a curious learner and aim to pursue Ph.D from Germany for which i am looking for insight and guidance.

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PHD IN GERMANY

PhD studies are the uppermost level of education and the final stamp of your academic competence in a particular study field. Valued among global leaders on research activities, for the quality of education and academic staff, modern facilities and associated infrastructure for scientific work, and most importantly for future prosperity that it produces, Germany is the ideal place for you to seek a PhD degree. Consultants for study in Germany are the one good option you can opt for when planning for PhD in Germany. As consultants for study in Germany have information in bulk with them and noted experience with them that could be a great help for you. Before you get anxious about the process of your PhD in Germany go to the consultants for  study in Germany  and be at ease during the entire process.

How to apply for a PhD in Germany?

When you aspire to study in Germany and finding a suitable PhD course in Germany follows a different path to finding an undergraduate degree or other postgraduate degree courses where all you need to do is decide for the university and a course program. Here are several additional and complex procedures which can account for an overload of application paperwork. Which you can get assistance by getting in touch with the best  education consultants for Germany in India , who can guide you throughout the process. In order for you to apply for your PhD degree in Germany, you need to walk through a long and often arduous process where appropriate assistance is always welcomed. There are documents and bureaucratic procedures you cannot skip and minor errors account for a complete application fail. To avoid any kind of mishappening it is always highly recommended to reach the Best Education consultants for Germany in India, who can stay by your side at every step of the process of your admission. Splitting the whole application process into steps and mapping them in natural order helps you to follow them easily. To apply for PhD studies in Germany, follow these steps, or go to Best Education consultants for Germany in India, and get the help, and get yourself enrolled in the to Top universities in Germany.

Find a PhD Program and a Supervisor

First, you need to find a suitable PhD program that matches exactly with your academic and career goals. Fortunately, you have a lot of options available at this point and if you have clear future goals, navigating and finding such a program won’t be hard by any means. In Germany, there are many universities that offer doctoral courses for prospective international students. They can opt for Public universities in Germany. There are two types of PhD courses offered in Germany depending on their structure and their provider:

Individual PhD programs

Individual PhD programs are the most common route international students choose to get a PhD degree in Germany. If you enroll in such a course, you’ll be set under the provision of a highly regarded professional who will guide you through your research. Though he will always be surveying and counseling you, most of the time you will carry independent research initiatives. This type of PhD course can be carried in a university or in a non-university organization like research institutes. Moreover, you can choose to attend an individual PhD course in a company and a real research project. Its standard length is 3 years, but it can extend up to 5 years. The completion of your course must be done by presenting a dissertation thesis that will comprise your work during the whole duration of the course and research activities you have carried on. To get to know more reach to study in Germany consultants and you can also get into Public universities in Germany.

Structured PhD programs

Structured PhD programs are mainly offered from universities where a group of brilliant academics is charged for mentoring a group of doctoral candidates. In contrast to individual PhD programs, these courses are not that flexible because universities set individually the study modules and other matters related to PhD studies and students don’t have much of their word in the study modules. For the detailed information go for  study in Germany consultants . And these are widely available in the Top universities in Germany which include Public universities in Germany as well.

Language P roficiency

Prior to applying for a PhD in Germany knowledge of the  German language  is not a requirement because the majority of PhD courses in Germany are taught in English. Thus, you need to prove your proficiency in English by taking a standardized exam. Universities accept different English proficiency tests but the most common ones are TOEFL and  IELTS . Note that the level of language required in a PhD course is of high academic standards and you must prepare well for this part. Your score is not just a formal requirement, but it plays a significant role in your admission. Therefore, we suggest you start as early as possible to start a preparatory course. Study in Germany consultants are the ones that you need, for applying to the German University, and get admitted to top universities in Germany.

Meet the Requirements

Entry requirements vary largely according to the type of PhD study program and the University of your choice. Typically, your previous academic credits count for the largest part of your entrance in a PhD study program in Germany. Also, letters of motivations and experiences are highly required to study at this academic level.

The following documents are required to apply for a PhD course in Germany:

• Recognized Master’s degree
• Language proficiency
• Curriculum Vitae
• Motivation Letter
• Work Experience

Apply for Doctoral Studies

Once you find a suitable PhD study program and a professor to mentor you and your academic qualifications are recognized in Germany you can make an application for PhD studies in Germany. The application can be carried online or by post depending on the individual university’s or research institute’s application policies. To know which way to choose, ask your PhD course provider in Germany and they will inform you about the details of carrying an application. Note that admission committees for PhD studies are highly selective because they want to admit only the best candidates and in regard to this they may want to interview you before deciding to admit you or not.

Collect Finances

The financial demands of attending a PhD course in Germany are higher than for other degrees. There are tuition fees and living costs a foreign student in Germany must cover during his PhD studies. The German government will permit you to come to study in Germany only if you possess the required financial means to subsidize yourself at least for the first year of your studies.

If you’re a non-EU international student willing to study in Germany you must have at least €8,640 in your bank account. Based on estimations carried on from an official regulator for international student matters, this is how much a foreign student needs to live for a year in Germany. This amount is supposed to be sufficient to cover university fees and living costs. Note that as the quality of life in Germany changes so does the minimum financial requirement.Although tuition fees are re-introduced in the universities of Baden-Wurttemberg, PhD programs are not affected by these changes as PhD students are charged with no tuition fees. However, like every other student in Germany foreign PhD students will have to pay the so-called semester contribution which is set from individual universities and ranges something between €150 to €300. As for the living costs, Germany, in spite of being a place of huge contrasts, is an affordable place to live in. Overall, the  cost of living  depends on the location where you reside and your daily customs. On average it is recommended you possess around €800 every month.

Get a student visa or Resident Permit

Again, if you’re a non-EU student then you must have a student visa or a permit residence to study for PhD in Germany. A residence permit is mainly offered when you’re taking an individual PhD program and are involved in a project in industry. A student visa, on the other hand, is mostly required when your PhD course will take place in a recognized university.

You must initiate the procedures of applying for a student visa or a residence permit once the university or the institution where you applied confirms you were given a place in the PhD course. Your first port to call must be the German embassy situated in your home country. Contact them in person or by mail and they will guide you to further procedure for a student visa or residence permit application.

To apply for a student visa as a foreign PhD candidate in Germany you need to present the following documents :

• Duly completed student visa application form,
• Valid passport (recommended with a validity up to the period of studies or more),
• Recent Photos,
• Proof of mentors acceptance to supervise your doctoral thesis work– as a proof for your right of entry doctoral studies in Germany,
• Proof of health insurance,
• Proof of sufficient financial coverage for the given period of doctoral studies – typically a blocked German bank account,
• Certificates of education (all formal and informal education),
• Proof of sufficient German and/or English language skills (depending on the language of the doctoral program).

• Industry PhD – Fully Funded (Automotive, IT/CS, Management, Biology, Chemistry, Data Science, Electronics etc)
• Academic PhD – Fully funded (Bioscience, Biotech, Biology, Chemistry, Mechanical, Material Science, Language, Culture etc. )

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List of Free Phd Programs In Germany

Mar 4, 2024 | 5 min read

Free PhD programs in Germany are offered at public universities to all students regardless of their nationality, for up to the standard length of a PhD (3 years).

International students looking for free PhD programs in Germany can check out public universities in Germany that offer free PhD programs to all students regardless of their nationality, for up to the standard length of a PhD (3 years). PhD programs are free also in the state of Baden-Württemberg where tuition fees were reintroduced for non-EU students in 2017.

Germany is one of the most popular study abroad destinations and is home to around 3,600 international graduates completing their doctorate every year. Having first introduced the PhD in the 19th century, German universities and specialist research centres continue to offer innovative, tuition-free, postgraduate programs in various specializations to students from all over the world.

Table of Contents

Why Study a PhD in Germany?

Types of free phd programs in germany, top universities for free phd programs in germany, eligibility requirements for free phd programs in germany, how to apply for free phd programs in germany, cost to study free phd programs in germany, scholarships for free phd programs in germany.

Germany has a global reputation as a world leader in technology innovation and research. It also has a robust economy and an attractive quality of life and is particularly renowned in fields such as engineering and manufacturing. Some reasons to study a PhD in Germany include:

• Several German universities have a strong international reputation of which 46 are ranked within the top 1000 in the world in the QS World University Rankings 2020
• Germany offers a high standard of living and welcomes international students with low costs of study and good funding opportunities
• PhD in Germany is usually tuition-free and more than a quarter of doctoral candidates in Germany receive public funding
• The German higher education system is also world-class that has produced some of history’s most formidable thinkers such as theoretical physicist Albert Einstein

There are two types of free PhD programs in Germany depending on their structure and their provider. More detailed information on each type of PhD in Germany can be found below:

Individual Doctorate: This traditional PhD program in Germany is the most popular where students produce their thesis or dissertation under the supervision of a professor, but will mostly be working independently. The duration of this doctoral program varies but usually takes between 3-5 years.

The individual doctorate is known for being flexible but also demands a high amount of personal initiative and responsibility. One can not only obtain a PhD degree by conducting research work at a university but also by completing a project at a non-university research organization or at a German company in the industrial sector.

Structured PhD Programs: These free PhD programs in Germany involves a group of doctoral students being guided by a group of supervisors. Over 600 programs are available for international students with English as the language of instruction.

The structured PhD programs differ from the individual doctorate programs as the research proposals of the students have to fit in with existing PhD programs and cannot be freely structured to suit the individual research project. Students are also required to attend lectures and seminars, and will normally have a mentor.

Several universities in Germany are ranked globally for their PhD programs by various ranking organisations such as Times Higher Education, QS Rankings, and more. Listed below are some of the top universities for free PhD programs in Germany for international students:

• Technical University of Munich
• Heidelberg University
• Humboldt University of Berlin
• Karlsruhe Institute of Technology
• University of Goettingen
• University of Freiburg
• Free University of Berlin
• RWTH Aachen University

The eligibility criteria for free PhD programs in Germany vary based on the university and chosen program. In general, students need to have a good higher education degree which is equivalent to a German master’s degree. Find below the other admission requirements for enrolling in free PhD programs in Germany:

• An entrance exam and interview is needed to enrol extremely well-qualified international applicants with a bachelor’s degree to a doctoral degree program in Germany via a fast-track program
• Students applying for a PhD in English need to prove their English language proficiency with an English language proficiency test such as IELTS or TOEFL
• Candidates studying or submitting their PhD in German need to prove their proficiency in the language with a test such as the DSH or TestDaF

Documents Required

• Master’s degree from a recognized institution
• Proof of language proficiency (English/ German)
• Motivation letter
• Work experience

The application process differs for admission to an individual doctoral program and a structured doctoral program. Students applying for a structured PhD program should apply directly to the chosen university. The steps below explain the procedure to be followed for admission to an individual doctorate program in Germany:

• Applicants should firstly find a suitable professor who is willing to be their supervisor
• The supervisor can be found through contacts from your previous university or by searching for institutes and research centres or teams related to your area of interest
• The next step after finding a supervisor is to get the confirmation of eligibility as a doctoral candidate from the responsible department or doctoral committee
• For this, one must complete an application that includes a statement from your doctoral supervisor, certified copies of certificates, proof of recognition of your qualifications from the Dean’s office, academic references and the university degree
• The application should also include an English or German language test result, if applicable

Doctoral programs at public universities in Germany are free for all students irrespective of their nationality for up to the standard length of a PhD (3 years). Students may be required to pay the fees if the doctoral degree exceeds this duration.

Students pursuing free PhD programs in Germany are required to make a semester contribution of between €150 to €200 (~US$175-230) for administration and other costs like all other students. The main expenses for free PhD programs in Germany are living expenses.

International students applying for a student visa for Germany need to have access to a minimum of €10,236 (~US$11,266) per year in a blocked account. This amount covers the living expenses, which include rent, food, clothing, transportation, working materials, recreation and other costs.

Most doctoral students in Germany work on a paid research project or receive a scholarship. Students willing to obtain a scholarship to cover their living expenses in Germany can find various funding options on the official website of the university they wish to study at.

Students pursuing free PhD programs in Germany can also take a part-time job to supplement their funding, either within the university or outside. Full-time students from outside the EU are limited to working up to 120 full days or 240 half days per year before applying for a work permit. One can also receive graduate assistantships and fellowships from their university as well as public funding provided by the German government.

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