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Production Plan in Business Plan: A Comprehensive Guide to Success

Last Updated:  

May 27, 2024

In any business venture, a solid production plan is crucial for success. A production plan serves as a roadmap that outlines the steps, resources, and strategies required to manufacture products or deliver services efficiently. By carefully crafting a production plan within a business plan, entrepreneurs can ensure optimal utilisation of resources, timely delivery, cost efficiency, and customer satisfaction. In this article, we will delve into the intricacies of creating an effective production plan in a business plan , exploring its key components, strategies, and the importance of aligning it with overall business objectives .

Key Takeaways on Production Plans in Business Planning

• A production plan : a detailed outline that guides efficient product manufacturing or service delivery.
• Importance of a production plan : provides a roadmap for operations, optimises resource utilisation, and aligns with customer demand.
• Key components : demand forecasting, capacity planning, inventory management, resource allocation, and quality assurance.
• Strategies : lean manufacturing, JIT inventory, automation and technology integration, supplier relationship management, and continuous improvement.
• Benefits of a well-executed production plan : improved efficiency, reduced costs, enhanced product quality, and increased profitability.

What is a Production Plan?

A production Seamless Searches plan is a detailed outline that specifies the processes, resources, timelines, and strategies required to convert raw materials into finished goods or deliver services. It serves as a blueprint for the entire production cycle, guiding decision-making and resource allocation. The production plan considers factors such as demand forecasting, capacity planning, inventory management, and quality assurance to ensure efficient operations and optimal customer satisfaction.

Why is a Production Plan Important in a Business Plan?

The inclusion of a production plan in a business plan is vital for several reasons. First and foremost, it provides a clear roadmap for business operations, helping entrepreneurs and managers make informed decisions related to production processes. A well-developed production plan ensures that resources are utilised efficiently, minimising wastage and optimising productivity. This is particularly important for any startup platform aiming to streamline its production processes and achieve sustainable growth.

Additionally, a production plan allows businesses to align their production capabilities with customer demand. By forecasting market trends and analysing customer needs, businesses can develop a production plan that caters to current and future demands, thus avoiding overstocking or understocking situations.

Furthermore, a production plan helps businesses enhance their competitive advantage. By implementing strategies such as lean manufacturing and invoice automation , companies can streamline their production processes, reduce costs, improve product quality, and ultimately outperform competitors.

Key Components of a Production Plan

To create an effective production plan, it is crucial to consider several key components. These components work together to ensure efficient operations and successful fulfilment of customer demands. Let's explore each component in detail.

Demand Forecasting

Demand forecasting is a critical aspect of production planning. By analysing historical data, market trends, and customer behaviour, businesses can predict future demand for their products or services. Accurate demand forecasting allows companies to optimise inventory levels, plan production capacity, and ensure timely delivery to customers.

One approach to demand forecasting is quantitative analysis, which involves analysing historical sales data to identify patterns and make predictions. Another approach is qualitative analysis, which incorporates market research, customer surveys, and expert opinions to gauge demand fluctuations. By combining both methods, businesses can develop a robust demand forecast, minimising the risk of underproduction or overproduction. Utilising a free notion template for demand forecasting can further streamline this process, allowing businesses to organise and analyse both quantitative and qualitative data efficiently in one centralised location.

Capacity Planning

Capacity planning involves determining the optimal production capacity required to meet projected demand. This includes assessing the production capabilities of existing resources, such as machinery, equipment, and labour, and identifying any gaps that need to be addressed. By conducting a thorough capacity analysis, businesses can ensure that their production capacity aligns with customer demand, avoiding bottlenecks or excess capacity.

An effective capacity plan takes into account factors such as production cycle times, labour availability, equipment maintenance, and production lead times. It helps businesses allocate resources efficiently, minimise production delays, and maintain a consistent level of output to meet customer expectations.

Inventory Management

Efficient inventory management is crucial for a successful production plan. It involves balancing the cost of holding inventory with the risk of stockouts. By maintaining optimal inventory levels, businesses can reduce carrying costs while ensuring that sufficient stock is available to fulfil customer orders.

Inventory management techniques, such as the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) model and Just-in-Time (JIT) inventory system, help businesses strike the right balance between inventory investment and customer demand. These methods consider factors such as order frequency, lead time, and carrying costs to optimise inventory levels and minimise the risk of excess or insufficient stock.

Resource Allocation

Resource allocation plays a pivotal role in a production plan. It involves assigning available resources, such as labour, materials, and equipment, to specific production tasks or projects. Effective resource allocation ensures that resources are utilised optimally, avoiding underutilisation or overutilisation.

To allocate resources efficiently, businesses must consider factors such as skill requirements, resource availability, project timelines, and cost constraints. By conducting a thorough resource analysis and implementing resource allocation strategies, businesses can streamline production processes, minimise bottlenecks, and maximise productivity.

Quality Assurance

Maintaining high-quality standards is essential for any production plan. Quality assurance involves implementing measures to monitor and control the quality of products or services throughout the production process. By adhering to quality standards and conducting regular inspections, businesses can minimise defects, ensure customer satisfaction, and build a positive brand reputation.

Quality assurance techniques, such as Total Quality Management (TQM) and Six Sigma , help businesses identify and rectify any quality-related issues. These methodologies involve continuous monitoring, process improvement, and employee training to enhance product quality and overall operational efficiency.

In addition to the core components of a production plan, it's also important for businesses to consider the broader aspects of their business strategy, including marketing and advertising. Understanding the costs and returns of different marketing approaches is crucial for comprehensive business planning. For instance, direct response advertising costs can vary significantly, but they offer the advantage of measurable responses from potential customers. This type of advertising can be a valuable strategy for businesses looking to directly engage with their target audience and track the effectiveness of their marketing efforts.

Strategies for Developing an Effective Production Plan

Developing an effective production plan requires implementing various strategies and best practices. By incorporating these strategies into the production planning process, businesses can optimise operations and drive success. Let's explore some key strategies in detail.

Lean Manufacturing

Lean manufacturing is a systematic Seamless Searches approach aimed at eliminating waste and improving efficiency in production processes. It emphasises the concept of continuous improvement and focuses on creating value for the customer while minimising non-value-added activities.

By adopting lean manufacturing principles, such as just-in-time production, standardised work processes, and visual management, businesses can streamline operations, reduce lead times, and eliminate unnecessary costs. Lean manufacturing not only improves productivity but also enhances product quality and customer satisfaction.

Just-in-Time (JIT) Inventory

Just-in-Time (JIT) inventory is a strategy that aims to minimise inventory levels by receiving goods or materials just when they are needed for production. This strategy eliminates the need for excess inventory storage, reducing carrying costs and the risk of obsolete inventory.

By implementing a JIT inventory system, businesses can optimise cash flow, reduce storage space requirements, and improve overall supply chain efficiency. However, it requires robust coordination with suppliers, accurate demand forecasting, and efficient logistics management to ensure timely delivery of materials.

Automation and Technology Integration

Automation and technology integration play a crucial role in modern production planning, as well as mobile app development . By leveraging technology, businesses can streamline processes, enhance productivity, and reduce human error. Automation can be implemented in various aspects of production, including material handling, assembly, testing, and quality control.

Continuous Improvement

Continuous improvement is a fundamental principle of effective production planning. It involves regularly evaluating production processes, identifying areas for improvement, and implementing changes to enhance efficiency and quality.

By fostering a culture of continuous improvement, businesses can drive innovation, optimise resource utilisation, and stay ahead of competitors. Techniques such as Kaizen, Six Sigma, and value stream mapping can help businesses identify inefficiencies, eliminate waste, and streamline production workflows.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

What is the role of a production plan in business planning.

A1: A production plan plays a crucial role in business planning by providing a roadmap for efficient production processes. It helps align production capabilities with customer demand, optimise resource utilisation, and ensure timely delivery of products or services.

How does a production plan affect overall business profitability?

A2: A well-developed production plan can significantly impact business profitability. By optimising production processes, reducing costs, and enhancing product quality, businesses can improve their profit margins and gain a competitive edge in the market.

What are the common challenges faced in production planning?

A3: Production planning can present various challenges, such as inaccurate demand forecasting, capacity constraints, supply chain disruptions, and quality control issues. Overcoming these challenges requires robust planning, effective communication, and the implementation of appropriate strategies and technologies.

What is the difference between short-term and long-term production planning?

A4: Short-term production planning focuses on immediate production requirements, such as daily or weekly schedules. Long-term production planning, on the other hand, involves strategic decisions related to capacity expansion, technology investments, and market expansion, spanning months or even years.

How can a production plan be adjusted to accommodate changes in demand?

A5: To accommodate changes in demand, businesses can adopt flexible production strategies such as agile manufacturing or dynamic scheduling. These approaches allow for quick adjustments to production levels, resource allocation, and inventory management based on fluctuating customer demand.

In conclusion, a well-crafted production plan is essential for business success. By incorporating a production plan into a comprehensive business plan, entrepreneurs can optimise resource utilisation, meet customer demands, enhance product quality, and drive profitability. Through effective demand forecasting, capacity planning, inventory management, resource allocation, and quality assurance, businesses can streamline production processes and gain a competitive edge in the market.

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How To Write the Operations Plan Section of the Business Plan

Susan Ward wrote about small businesses for The Balance for 18 years. She has run an IT consulting firm and designed and presented courses on how to promote small businesses.

Stage of Development Section

Production process section, the bottom line, frequently asked questions (faqs).

The operations plan is the section of your business plan that gives an overview of your workflow, supply chains, and similar aspects of your business. Any key details of how your business physically produces goods or services will be included in this section.

You need an operations plan to help others understand how you'll deliver on your promise to turn a profit. Keep reading to learn what to include in your operations plan.

Key Takeaways

• The operations plan section should include general operational details that help investors understand the physical details of your vision.
• Details in the operations plan include information about any physical plants, equipment, assets, and more.
• The operations plan can also serve as a checklist for startups; it includes a list of everything that must be done to start turning a profit.

In your business plan , the operations plan section describes the physical necessities of your business's operation, such as your physical location, facilities, and equipment. Depending on what kind of business you'll be operating, it may also include information about inventory requirements, suppliers, and a description of the manufacturing process.

Keeping focused on the bottom line will help you organize this part of the business plan.

Think of the operating plan as an outline of the capital and expense requirements your business will need to operate from day to day.

You need to do two things for the reader of your business plan in the operations section: show what you've done so far to get your business off the ground and demonstrate that you understand the manufacturing or delivery process of producing your product or service.

When you're writing this section of the operations plan, start by explaining what you've done to date to get the business operational, then follow up with an explanation of what still needs to be done. The following should be included:

Production Workflow

A high-level, step-by-step description of how your product or service will be made, identifying the problems that may occur in the production process. Follow this with a subsection titled "Risks," which outlines the potential problems that may interfere with the production process and what you're going to do to negate these risks. If any part of the production process can expose employees to hazards, describe how employees will be trained in dealing with safety issues. If hazardous materials will be used, describe how these will be safely stored, handled, and disposed.

Industry Association Memberships

Show your awareness of your industry's local, regional, or national standards and regulations by telling which industry organizations you are already a member of and which ones you plan to join. This is also an opportunity to outline what steps you've taken to comply with the laws and regulations that apply to your industry. 

Supply Chains

An explanation of who your suppliers are and their prices, terms, and conditions. Describe what alternative arrangements you have made or will make if these suppliers let you down.

Quality Control

An explanation of the quality control measures that you've set up or are going to establish. For example, if you intend to pursue some form of quality control certification such as ISO 9000, describe how you will accomplish this.

While you can think of the stage of the development part of the operations plan as an overview, the production process section lays out the details of your business's day-to-day operations. Remember, your goal for writing this business plan section is to demonstrate your understanding of your product or service's manufacturing or delivery process.

When writing this section, you can use the headings below as subheadings and then provide the details in paragraph format. Leave out any topic that does not apply to your particular business.

Do an outline of your business's day-to-day operations, including your hours of operation and the days the business will be open. If the business is seasonal, be sure to say so.

The Physical Plant

Describe the type, site, and location of premises for your business. If applicable, include drawings of the building, copies of lease agreements, and recent real estate appraisals. You need to show how much the land or buildings required for your business operations are worth and tell why they're important to your proposed business.

The same goes for equipment. Besides describing the equipment necessary and how much of it you need, you also need to include its worth and cost and explain any financing arrangements.

Make a list of your assets , such as land, buildings, inventory, furniture, equipment, and vehicles. Include legal descriptions and the worth of each asset.

Special Requirements

If your business has any special requirements, such as water or power needs, ventilation, drainage, etc., provide the details in your operating plan, as well as what you've done to secure the necessary permissions.

State where you're going to get the materials you need to produce your product or service and explain what terms you've negotiated with suppliers.

Explain how long it takes to produce a unit and when you'll be able to start producing your product or service. Include factors that may affect the time frame of production and describe how you'll deal with potential challenges such as rush orders.

Explain how you'll keep  track of inventory .

Feasibility

Describe any product testing, price testing, or prototype testing that you've done on your product or service.

Give details of product cost estimates.

Once you've worked through this business plan section, you'll not only have a detailed operations plan to show your readers, but you'll also have a convenient list of what needs to be done next to make your business a reality. Writing this document gives you a chance to crystalize your business ideas into a clear checklist that you can reference. As you check items off the list, use it to explain your vision to investors, partners, and others within your organization.

What is an operations plan?

An operations plan is one section of a company's business plan. This section conveys the physical requirements for your business's operations, including supply chains, workflow , and quality control processes.

What is the main difference between the operations plan and the financial plan?

The operations plan and financial plan tackle similar issues, in that they seek to explain how the business will turn a profit. The operations plan approaches this issue from a physical perspective, such as property, routes, and locations. The financial plan explains how revenue and expenses will ultimately lead to the business's success.

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How to Write a Production Plan for a Business?

A production plan is a critical component of any business that involves manufacturing, construction, or other forms of production. It outlines how a company will produce its goods or services, and it provides a roadmap for success. In this article, we’ll take a look at how to write a production plan for your business.

1. Understand Your Product

The first step in creating a production plan is to understand your product. What are you producing? What are its components? How is it made? Answering these questions will help you determine what resources you need, how long it will take to produce, and how you will produce it.

Before creating a production plan, make sure you have a clear understanding of what you are producing. This will help you make informed decisions about the production process and ensure that you are using the right resources.

2. Determine Your Production Capacity

Once you understand your product, you need to determine your production capacity. How much of your product can you produce in a given period? This will depend on the resources you have available, such as equipment, personnel, and materials.

To determine your production capacity, you should consider the following factors:

– The capacity of your equipment – The availability of raw materials – The number of personnel available – The amount of time required to produce each unit

By understanding your production capacity, you can create a production plan that is realistic and achievable.

3. Create a Production Schedule

With a clear understanding of your product and production capacity, you can create a production schedule. This schedule should outline when you will produce each unit of your product, as well as the resources required to produce it.

When creating a production schedule, you should consider the following factors:

– The production capacity of your equipment – The availability of raw materials – The number of personnel available – The amount of time required to produce each unit – The demand for your product

By creating a production schedule, you can ensure that you are using your resources effectively and efficiently.

4. Determine Your Material Requirements

To produce your product, you will need to determine your material requirements. This includes the raw materials needed to produce each unit, as well as any additional materials required for packaging or shipping.

When determining your material requirements, you should consider the following factors:

– The number of units you plan to produce – The amount of raw materials required for each unit – The cost of the raw materials – The availability of the raw materials

By understanding your material requirements, you can ensure that you have the resources you need to produce your product.

5. Develop a Quality Control Plan

Quality control is an essential component of any production plan. It ensures that your product meets the standards set by your company and your customers.

When developing a quality control plan, you should consider the following factors:

– The standards set by your company and your customers – The methods you will use to ensure quality – The personnel responsible for quality control – The equipment required for quality control

By developing a quality control plan, you can ensure that your product meets the highest standards of quality.

6. Determine Your Personnel Needs

To produce your product, you will need personnel with the right skills and experience. When determining your personnel needs, you should consider the following factors:

– The number of personnel required – The skills and experience required – The cost of personnel – The availability of personnel

By understanding your personnel needs, you can ensure that you have the right people in place to produce your product.

7. Develop a Maintenance Plan

Equipment maintenance is an essential component of any production plan. It ensures that your equipment is in good working order and reduces the risk of breakdowns.

When developing a maintenance plan, you should consider the following factors:

– The frequency of maintenance – The personnel responsible for maintenance – The cost of maintenance – The equipment required for maintenance

By developing a maintenance plan, you can ensure that your equipment is always in good working order.

8. Determine Your Cost of Production

To determine the profitability of your product, you need to determine your cost of production. This includes the cost of raw materials, personnel, equipment, and any other expenses associated with production.

When determining your cost of production, you should consider the following factors:

– The cost of raw materials – The cost of personnel – The cost of equipment – The cost of maintenance – The cost of overhead

By understanding your cost of production, you can ensure that your product is profitable.

9. Monitor and Adjust Your Production Plan

Once you have created your production plan, you need to monitor its effectiveness. This involves tracking your production output, monitoring your costs, and making adjustments as needed.

When monitoring and adjusting your production plan, you should consider the following factors:

– Production output – Cost of production – Quality control results – Equipment maintenance issues

By monitoring and adjusting your production plan, you can ensure that your product is produced efficiently and effectively.

10. Benefits of a Production Plan

A production plan offers several benefits to your business, including:

– Increased efficiency – Improved quality control – Reduced costs – Increased profitability – Better resource management

By creating a production plan, you can ensure that your business is producing its products or services in the most efficient and effective way possible.

Frequently Asked Questions

Here are some common questions and answers about writing a production plan for a business:

What is a production plan?

A production plan is a document that outlines the steps a business will take to manufacture or produce a product. It includes details about the materials needed, the timeline for production, and the resources required to complete the project. A production plan is essential for ensuring that a business can efficiently and effectively produce goods.

When writing a production plan, it’s important to consider factors like the demand for your product, the availability of resources, and the complexity of the manufacturing process. By taking these factors into account, you can create a plan that will help your business succeed.

What should be included in a production plan?

A production plan should include a detailed timeline for production, a list of the materials needed for manufacturing, and information about the resources required to complete the project. It should also outline the steps involved in the manufacturing process and any quality control measures that will be used to ensure that the final product meets the necessary standards.

Additionally, a production plan should include information about the expected demand for the product, as well as any potential challenges that may arise during production. By including these details in your plan, you can ensure that your business is prepared to meet the needs of your customers and overcome any obstacles that may arise.

What are the benefits of a production plan?

Having a production plan in place can provide several benefits for a business. For one, it can help ensure that the manufacturing process is efficient and cost-effective, as it allows you to identify any potential issues and address them before they become major problems. Additionally, a production plan can help you manage your resources more effectively, as it provides a clear timeline for production and ensures that you have the necessary materials and personnel in place to complete the project.

Finally, a production plan can help you stay on track and meet your deadlines, which is essential for maintaining a positive reputation with your customers and stakeholders. By creating a detailed plan and sticking to it, you can ensure that your business is able to deliver high-quality products on time and within budget.

How can I create a production plan?

To create a production plan, start by identifying the materials and resources you will need to manufacture your product. Then, create a detailed timeline for production that includes key milestones and deadlines. Be sure to consider factors like the complexity of the manufacturing process, the availability of resources, and the expected demand for your product.

Once you have a basic plan in place, review it carefully to identify any potential issues or challenges. Make adjustments as needed to ensure that your plan is realistic and achievable. Finally, communicate your plan clearly to your team and stakeholders to ensure that everyone is on the same page and working towards the same goals.

How often should I update my production plan?

It’s important to review and update your production plan regularly to ensure that it remains relevant and effective. Depending on the nature of your business and the products you produce, you may need to update your plan on a monthly, quarterly, or annual basis.

When updating your plan, be sure to consider any changes in demand, resources, or production processes that may have occurred since the last update. This will help you ensure that your plan remains accurate and effective, and that your business is able to meet the needs of your customers and stakeholders.

Production Plan

To create a successful production plan, start by identifying your goals and objectives. Consider factors such as customer demand, production capacity, and available resources. From there, break down your plan into manageable steps, and set realistic timelines for each stage of production.

Lastly, remember that your production plan is not set in stone. As your business grows and evolves, your production plan will need to evolve with it. Be prepared to make changes and adjustments to your plan as needed, and don’t be afraid to seek out help and advice from experts in the field. With the right approach and a solid plan in place, you can take your business to the next level and achieve lasting success.

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Production Company Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Production Company Business Plan

Over the past 20+ years, we have helped over 500 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans to start and grow their production companies.

If you’re unfamiliar with creating a production company business plan, you may think creating one will be a time-consuming and frustrating process. For most entrepreneurs it is, but for you, it won’t be since we’re here to help. We have the experience, resources, and knowledge to help you create a great business plan.

In this article, you will learn some background information on why business planning is important. Then, you will learn how to write a production company business plan step-by-step so you can create your plan today.

Download our Ultimate Business Plan Template here >

What is a Production Company Business Plan?

A business plan provides a snapshot of your production company as it stands today, and lays out your growth plan for the next five years. It explains your business goals and your strategies for reaching them. It also includes market research to support your plans.

Why You Need a Business Plan for a Production Company

If you’re looking to start a production company or grow your existing production company, you need a business plan. A business plan will help you raise funding, if needed, and plan out the growth of your production company to improve your chances of success. Your production company business plan is a living document that should be updated annually as your company grows and changes.

Sources of Funding for Production Companies

With regards to funding, the main sources of funding for a production company are personal savings, credit cards, bank loans, and angel investors. When it comes to bank loans, banks will want to review your business plan and gain confidence that you will be able to repay your loan and interest. To acquire this confidence, the loan officer will not only want to ensure that your financials are reasonable, but they will also want to see a professional plan. Such a plan will give them the confidence that you can successfully and professionally operate a business. Personal savings and bank loans are the most common funding paths for production companies.

Finish Your Business Plan Today!

How to write a business plan for a production company.

If you want to start a production company or expand your current one, you need a business plan. The guide below details the necessary information for how to write each essential component of your production company business plan.

Executive Summary

Your executive summary provides an introduction to your business plan, but it is normally the last section you write because it provides a summary of each key section of your plan.

The goal of your executive summary is to quickly engage the reader. Explain to them the kind of production company you are running and the status. For example, are you a startup, do you have a production company that you would like to grow, or are you operating a chain of production companies?

Next, provide an overview of each of the subsequent sections of your plan.

• Give a brief overview of the production industry.
• Discuss the type of production company you are operating.
• Detail your direct competitors. Give an overview of your target customers.
• Provide a snapshot of your marketing strategy. Identify the key members of your team.
• Offer an overview of your financial plan.

Company Overview

In your company overview, you will detail the type of production company you are operating.

For example, your production company might specialize in one of the following types of production companies:

• Feature Film Production Company : this type of production company handles all of the necessities that go with producing a major film – hiring on-screen and off-screen talent, writers, musicians, location scouts, a team for pre-production, post-production, legal, etc.
• Commercial Production Company: this type of production company can produce stock footage, short corporate videos, training videos, and creative projects such as music videos and short films
• Post Production Company: this type of production company handles video editing, special effects, color correction, sound mixing, and editing to eventually produce the final video.
• Niche Production Company: this type of production company focuses on one specific niche that it has perfected. They often combine the best of animation, commercial, and post-production companies.

In addition to explaining the type of production company you will operate, the company overview needs to provide background on the business.

Include answers to questions such as:

• When and why did you start the business?
• What milestones have you achieved to date? Milestones could include the number of clients served, the number of films with positive reviews, reaching X number of clients served, etc.
• Your legal business structure. Are you incorporated as an S-Corp? An LLC? A sole proprietorship? Explain your legal structure here.

Industry Analysis

In your industry or market analysis, you need to provide an overview of the production industry.

While this may seem unnecessary, it serves multiple purposes.

First, researching the production industry educates you. It helps you understand the market in which you are operating.

Secondly, market research can improve your marketing strategy, particularly if your analysis identifies market trends.

The third reason is to prove to readers that you are an expert in your industry. By conducting the research and presenting it in your plan, you achieve just that.

The following questions should be answered in the industry analysis section of your production company business plan:

• How big is the production industry (in dollars)?
• Is the market declining or increasing?
• Who are the key competitors in the market?
• Who are the key suppliers in the market?
• What trends are affecting the industry?
• What is the industry’s growth forecast over the next 5 – 10 years?
• What is the relevant market size? That is, how big is the potential target market for your production company? You can extrapolate such a figure by assessing the size of the market in the entire country and then applying that figure to your local population.

Customer Analysis

The customer analysis section of your production company business plan must detail the customers you serve and/or expect to serve.

The following are examples of customer segments: individuals, companies, filmmakers, studios.

As you can imagine, the customer segment(s) you choose will have a great impact on the type of production company you operate. Clearly, small businesses would respond to different marketing promotions than filmmakers, for example.

Try to break out your target customers in terms of their demographic and psychographic profiles. With regards to demographics, including a discussion of the ages, genders, locations, and income levels of the potential customers you seek to serve.

Psychographic profiles explain the wants and needs of your target customers. The more you can recognize and define these needs, the better you will do in attracting and retaining your customers.

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Competitive Analysis

Your competitive analysis should identify the indirect and direct competitors your business faces and then focus on the latter.

Direct competitors are other production companies.

Indirect competitors are other options that customers have to purchase from that aren’t directly competing with your product or service. This includes social media platforms, web developers, apps and even college or university students. You need to mention such competition as well.

For each such competitor, provide an overview of their business and document their strengths and weaknesses. Unless you once worked at your competitors’ businesses, it will be impossible to know everything about them. But you should be able to find out key things about them such as

• What types of clients do they serve?
• What type of production company are they?
• What is their pricing (premium, low, etc.)?
• What are they good at?
• What are their weaknesses?

With regards to the last two questions, think about your answers from the customers’ perspective. And don’t be afraid to ask your competitors’ customers what they like most and least about them.

The final part of your competitive analysis section is to document your areas of competitive advantage. For example:

• Will you provide concierge services or customized packages for your clients?
• Will you offer products or services that your competition doesn’t?
• Will you provide better customer service?
• Will you offer better pricing?

Think about ways you will outperform your competition and document them in this section of your plan.  

Marketing Plan

Traditionally, a marketing plan includes the four P’s: Product, Price, Place, and Promotion. For a production company business plan, your marketing strategy should include the following:

Product : In the product section, you should reiterate the type o f production company that you documented in your company overview. Then, detail the specific products or services you will be offering. For example, will you provide video editing, music editing, pre-production, or post-production services?

Price : Document the prices you will offer and how they compare to your competitors. Essentially in the product and price sub-sections of yo ur plan, yo u are presenting the products and/or services you offer and their prices.

Place : Place refers to the site of your production company. Document where your company is situated and mention how the site will impact your success. For example, is your production company located in New York or Los Angeles, a business district, a standalone office, or purely online? Discuss how your site might be the ideal location for your customers.

Promotions : The final part of your production company marketing plan is where you will document how you will drive potential customers to your location(s). The following are some promotional methods you might consider:

• Be part of filmmaker associations and networks
• Reach out to websites
• Distribute flyers
• Engage in email marketing
• Advertise on social media platforms
• Improve the SEO (search engine optimization) on your website for targeted keywords

Operations Plan

While the earlier sections of your business plan explained your goals, your operations plan describes how you will meet them. Your operations plan should have two distinct sections as follows.

Everyday short-term processes include all of the tasks involved in running your production company , including client communication and interaction, planning and producing production services, billing clients, etc.

Long-term goals are the milestones you hope to achieve. These could include the dates when you expect to book your Xth client, or when you hope to reach $X in revenue. It could also be when you expect to expand your production company to a new city.  

Management Team

To demonstrate your production company’s potential to succeed, a strong management team is essential. Highlight your key players’ backgrounds, emphasizing those skills and experiences that prove their ability to grow a company.

Ideally, you and/or your team members have direct experience in managing production companies. If so, highlight this experience and expertise. But also highlight any experience that you think will help your business succeed.

If your team is lacking, consider assembling an advisory board. An advisory board would include 2 to 8 individuals who would act as mentors to your business. They would help answer questions and provide strategic guidance. If needed, look for advisory board members with experience in managing a production company or successfully running a small filmmaking company.  

Financial Plan

Your financial plan should include your 5-year financial statement broken out both monthly or quarterly for the first year and then annually. Your financial statements include your income statement, balance s heet, and cash flow statements.

Income Statement

An income statement is more commonly called a Profit and Loss statement or P&L. It shows your revenue and then subtracts your costs to show whether you turned a profit or not.

In developing your income statement, you need to devise assumptions. For example, will you book 5 films or videos per day, and/or offer production packages ? And will sales grow by 2% or 10% per year? As you can imagine, your choice of assumptions will greatly impact the financial forecasts for your business. As much as possible, conduct research to try to root your assumptions in reality.

Balance Sheets

Balance sheets show your assets and liabilities. While balance sheets can include much information, try to simplify them to the key items you need to know about. For instance, if you spend $50,000 on building out your production company, this will not give you immediate profits. Rather it is an asset that will hopefully help you generate profits for years to come. Likewise, if a lender writes you a check for $50,000, you don’t need to pay it back immediately. Rather, that is a liability you will pay back over time.

Cash Flow Statement

Your cash flow statement will help determine how much money you need to start or grow your business, and ensure you never run out of money. What most entrepreneurs and business owners don’t realize is that you can turn a profit but run out of money and go bankrupt.

When creating your Income Statement and Balance Sheets be sure to include several of the key costs needed in starting or growing a production company:

• Cost of equipment and production studio supplies
• Payroll or salaries paid to staff
• Business insurance
• Other start-up expenses (if you’re a new business) like legal expenses, permits, computer software, and equipment

Attach your full financial projections in the appendix of your plan along with any supporting documents that make your plan more compelling. For example, you might include your studio location lease or a list of production services you plan to offer.  

Writing a business plan for your production company is a worthwhile endeavor. If you follow the template above, by the time you are done, you will truly be an expert. You will understand the production industry, your competition, and your customers. You will develop a marketing strategy and will understand what it takes to launch and grow a successful production company.  

Production Company Business Plan FAQs

What is the easiest way to complete my production company business plan.

Growthink's Ultimate Business Plan Template allows you to quickly and easily write your production company business plan.

How Do You Start a Production Company Business?

Starting a production company business is easy with these 14 steps:

• Choose the Name for Your Production Company Business
• Create Your Production Company Business Plan
• Choose the Legal Structure for Your Production Company Business
• Secure Startup Funding for Your Production Company Business (If Needed)
• Secure a Location for Your Business
• Register Your Production Company Business with the IRS
• Open a Business Bank Account
• Get a Business Credit Card
• Get the Required Business Licenses and Permits
• Get Business Insurance for Your Production Company Business
• Buy or Lease the Right Production Company Business Equipment
• Develop Your Production Company Business Marketing Materials
• Purchase and Setup the Software Needed to Run Your Production Company Business
• Open for Business

Don’t you wish there was a faster, easier way to finish your Production Company business plan?

OR, Let Us Develop Your Plan For You

Since 1999, Growthink has developed business plans for thousands of companies who have gone on to achieve tremendous success.   Click here to hire someone to write a business plan for you from Growthink’s team.

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• Small Business Insurance Providers
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How to Write a Business Plan in 9 Steps (+ Template and Examples)

Every successful business has one thing in common, a good and well-executed business plan. A business plan is more than a document, it is a complete guide that outlines the goals your business wants to achieve, including its financial goals . It helps you analyze results, make strategic decisions, show your business operations and growth.

If you want to start a business or already have one and need to pitch it to investors for funding, writing a good business plan improves your chances of attracting financiers. As a startup, if you want to secure loans from financial institutions, part of the requirements involve submitting your business plan.

Writing a business plan does not have to be a complicated or time-consuming process. In this article, you will learn the step-by-step process for writing a successful business plan.

You will also learn what you need a business plan for, tips and strategies for writing a convincing business plan, business plan examples and templates that will save you tons of time, and the alternatives to the traditional business plan.

Let’s get started.

What Do You Need A Business Plan For?

Businesses create business plans for different purposes such as to secure funds, monitor business growth, measure your marketing strategies, and measure your business success.

1. Secure Funds

One of the primary reasons for writing a business plan is to secure funds, either from financial institutions/agencies or investors.

For you to effectively acquire funds, your business plan must contain the key elements of your business plan . For example, your business plan should include your growth plans, goals you want to achieve, and milestones you have recorded.

A business plan can also attract new business partners that are willing to contribute financially and intellectually. If you are writing a business plan to a bank, your project must show your traction , that is, the proof that you can pay back any loan borrowed.

Also, if you are writing to an investor, your plan must contain evidence that you can effectively utilize the funds you want them to invest in your business. Here, you are using your business plan to persuade a group or an individual that your business is a source of a good investment.

2. Monitor Business Growth

A business plan can help you track cash flows in your business. It steers your business to greater heights. A business plan capable of tracking business growth should contain:

• The business goals
• Methods to achieve the goals
• Time-frame for attaining those goals

A good business plan should guide you through every step in achieving your goals. It can also track the allocation of assets to every aspect of the business. You can tell when you are spending more than you should on a project.

You can compare a business plan to a written GPS. It helps you manage your business and hints at the right time to expand your business.

3. Measure Business Success

A business plan can help you measure your business success rate. Some small-scale businesses are thriving better than more prominent companies because of their track record of success.

Right from the onset of your business operation, set goals and work towards them. Write a plan to guide you through your procedures. Use your plan to measure how much you have achieved and how much is left to attain.

You can also weigh your success by monitoring the position of your brand relative to competitors. On the other hand, a business plan can also show you why you have not achieved a goal. It can tell if you have elapsed the time frame you set to attain a goal.

4. Document Your Marketing Strategies

You can use a business plan to document your marketing plans. Every business should have an effective marketing plan.

Competition mandates every business owner to go the extraordinary mile to remain relevant in the market. Your business plan should contain your marketing strategies that work. You can measure the success rate of your marketing plans.

In your business plan, your marketing strategy must answer the questions:

• How do you want to reach your target audience?
• How do you plan to retain your customers?
• What is/are your pricing plans?
• What is your budget for marketing?

How to Write a Business Plan Step-by-Step

1. create your executive summary.

The executive summary is a snapshot of your business or a high-level overview of your business purposes and plans . Although the executive summary is the first section in your business plan, most people write it last. The length of the executive summary is not more than two pages.

Generally, there are nine sections in a business plan, the executive summary should condense essential ideas from the other eight sections.

A good executive summary should do the following:

• A Snapshot of Growth Potential. Briefly inform the reader about your company and why it will be successful)
• Contain your Mission Statement which explains what the main objective or focus of your business is.
• Product Description and Differentiation. Brief description of your products or services and why it is different from other solutions in the market.
• The Team. Basic information about your company’s leadership team and employees
• Business Concept. A solid description of what your business does.
• Target Market. The customers you plan to sell to.
• Marketing Strategy. Your plans on reaching and selling to your customers
• Current Financial State. Brief information about what revenue your business currently generates.
• Projected Financial State. Brief information about what you foresee your business revenue to be in the future.

The executive summary is the make-or-break section of your business plan. If your summary cannot in less than two pages cannot clearly describe how your business will solve a particular problem of your target audience and make a profit, your business plan is set on a faulty foundation.

Avoid using the executive summary to hype your business, instead, focus on helping the reader understand the what and how of your plan.

View the executive summary as an opportunity to introduce your vision for your company. You know your executive summary is powerful when it can answer these key questions:

• Who is your target audience?
• What sector or industry are you in?
• What are your products and services?
• What is the future of your industry?
• Is your company scaleable?
• Who are the owners and leaders of your company? What are their backgrounds and experience levels?
• What is the motivation for starting your company?
• What are the next steps?

Writing the executive summary last although it is the most important section of your business plan is an excellent idea. The reason why is because it is a high-level overview of your business plan. It is the section that determines whether potential investors and lenders will read further or not.

The executive summary can be a stand-alone document that covers everything in your business plan. It is not uncommon for investors to request only the executive summary when evaluating your business. If the information in the executive summary impresses them, they will ask for the complete business plan.

If you are writing your business plan for your planning purposes, you do not need to write the executive summary.

2. Add Your Company Overview

The company overview or description is the next section in your business plan after the executive summary. It describes what your business does.

Adding your company overview can be tricky especially when your business is still in the planning stages. Existing businesses can easily summarize their current operations but may encounter difficulties trying to explain what they plan to become.

Your company overview should contain the following:

• What products and services you will provide
• Geographical markets and locations your company have a presence
• What you need to run your business
• Who your target audience or customers are
• Who will service your customers
• Your company’s purpose, mission, and vision
• Information about your company’s founders
• Who the founders are
• Notable achievements of your company so far

When creating a company overview, you have to focus on three basics: identifying your industry, identifying your customer, and explaining the problem you solve.

If you are stuck when creating your company overview, try to answer some of these questions that pertain to you.

• Who are you targeting? (The answer is not everyone)
• What pain point does your product or service solve for your customers that they will be willing to spend money on resolving?
• How does your product or service overcome that pain point?
• Where is the location of your business?
• What products, equipment, and services do you need to run your business?
• How is your company’s product or service different from your competition in the eyes of your customers?
• How many employees do you need and what skills do you require them to have?

After answering some or all of these questions, you will get more than enough information you need to write your company overview or description section. When writing this section, describe what your company does for your customers.

The company description or overview section contains three elements: mission statement, history, and objectives.

• Mission Statement

The mission statement refers to the reason why your business or company is existing. It goes beyond what you do or sell, it is about the ‘why’. A good mission statement should be emotional and inspirational.

Your mission statement should follow the KISS rule (Keep It Simple, Stupid). For example, Shopify’s mission statement is “Make commerce better for everyone.”

When describing your company’s history, make it simple and avoid the temptation of tying it to a defensive narrative. Write it in the manner you would a profile. Your company’s history should include the following information:

• Founding Date
• Major Milestones
• Location(s)
• Flagship Products or Services
• Number of Employees
• Executive Leadership Roles

When you fill in this information, you use it to write one or two paragraphs about your company’s history.

Business Objectives

Your business objective must be SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, and time-bound.) Failure to clearly identify your business objectives does not inspire confidence and makes it hard for your team members to work towards a common purpose.

3. Perform Market and Competitive Analyses to Proof a Big Enough Business Opportunity

The third step in writing a business plan is the market and competitive analysis section. Every business, no matter the size, needs to perform comprehensive market and competitive analyses before it enters into a market.

Performing market and competitive analyses are critical for the success of your business. It helps you avoid entering the right market with the wrong product, or vice versa. Anyone reading your business plans, especially financiers and financial institutions will want to see proof that there is a big enough business opportunity you are targeting.

This section is where you describe the market and industry you want to operate in and show the big opportunities in the market that your business can leverage to make a profit. If you noticed any unique trends when doing your research, show them in this section.

Market analysis alone is not enough, you have to add competitive analysis to strengthen this section. There are already businesses in the industry or market, how do you plan to take a share of the market from them?

You have to clearly illustrate the competitive landscape in your business plan. Are there areas your competitors are doing well? Are there areas where they are not doing so well? Show it.

Make it clear in this section why you are moving into the industry and what weaknesses are present there that you plan to explain. How are your competitors going to react to your market entry? How do you plan to get customers? Do you plan on taking your competitors' competitors, tap into other sources for customers, or both?

Illustrate the competitive landscape as well. What are your competitors doing well and not so well?

Answering these questions and thoughts will aid your market and competitive analysis of the opportunities in your space. Depending on how sophisticated your industry is, or the expectations of your financiers, you may need to carry out a more comprehensive market and competitive analysis to prove that big business opportunity.

Instead of looking at the market and competitive analyses as one entity, separating them will make the research even more comprehensive.

Market Analysis

Market analysis, boarding speaking, refers to research a business carried out on its industry, market, and competitors. It helps businesses gain a good understanding of their target market and the outlook of their industry. Before starting a company, it is vital to carry out market research to find out if the market is viable.

The market analysis section is a key part of the business plan. It is the section where you identify who your best clients or customers are. You cannot omit this section, without it your business plan is incomplete.

A good market analysis will tell your readers how you fit into the existing market and what makes you stand out. This section requires in-depth research, it will probably be the most time-consuming part of the business plan to write.

• Market Research

To create a compelling market analysis that will win over investors and financial institutions, you have to carry out thorough market research . Your market research should be targeted at your primary target market for your products or services. Here is what you want to find out about your target market.

• Your target market’s needs or pain points
• The existing solutions for their pain points
• Geographic Location
• Demographics

The purpose of carrying out a marketing analysis is to get all the information you need to show that you have a solid and thorough understanding of your target audience.

Only after you have fully understood the people you plan to sell your products or services to, can you evaluate correctly if your target market will be interested in your products or services.

You can easily convince interested parties to invest in your business if you can show them you thoroughly understand the market and show them that there is a market for your products or services.

How to Quantify Your Target Market

One of the goals of your marketing research is to understand who your ideal customers are and their purchasing power. To quantify your target market, you have to determine the following:

• Your Potential Customers: They are the people you plan to target. For example, if you sell accounting software for small businesses , then anyone who runs an enterprise or large business is unlikely to be your customers. Also, individuals who do not have a business will most likely not be interested in your product.
• Total Households: If you are selling household products such as heating and air conditioning systems, determining the number of total households is more important than finding out the total population in the area you want to sell to. The logic is simple, people buy the product but it is the household that uses it.
• Median Income: You need to know the median income of your target market. If you target a market that cannot afford to buy your products and services, your business will not last long.
• Income by Demographics: If your potential customers belong to a certain age group or gender, determining income levels by demographics is necessary. For example, if you sell men's clothes, your target audience is men.

What Does a Good Market Analysis Entail?

Your business does not exist on its own, it can only flourish within an industry and alongside competitors. Market analysis takes into consideration your industry, target market, and competitors. Understanding these three entities will drastically improve your company’s chances of success.

You can view your market analysis as an examination of the market you want to break into and an education on the emerging trends and themes in that market. Good market analyses include the following:

• Industry Description. You find out about the history of your industry, the current and future market size, and who the largest players/companies are in your industry.
• Overview of Target Market. You research your target market and its characteristics. Who are you targeting? Note, it cannot be everyone, it has to be a specific group. You also have to find out all information possible about your customers that can help you understand how and why they make buying decisions.
• Size of Target Market: You need to know the size of your target market, how frequently they buy, and the expected quantity they buy so you do not risk overproducing and having lots of bad inventory. Researching the size of your target market will help you determine if it is big enough for sustained business or not.
• Growth Potential: Before picking a target market, you want to be sure there are lots of potential for future growth. You want to avoid going for an industry that is declining slowly or rapidly with almost zero growth potential.
• Market Share Potential: Does your business stand a good chance of taking a good share of the market?
• Market Pricing and Promotional Strategies: Your market analysis should give you an idea of the price point you can expect to charge for your products and services. Researching your target market will also give you ideas of pricing strategies you can implement to break into the market or to enjoy maximum profits.
• Potential Barriers to Entry: One of the biggest benefits of conducting market analysis is that it shows you every potential barrier to entry your business will likely encounter. It is a good idea to discuss potential barriers to entry such as changing technology. It informs readers of your business plan that you understand the market.
• Research on Competitors: You need to know the strengths and weaknesses of your competitors and how you can exploit them for the benefit of your business. Find patterns and trends among your competitors that make them successful, discover what works and what doesn’t, and see what you can do better.

The market analysis section is not just for talking about your target market, industry, and competitors. You also have to explain how your company can fill the hole you have identified in the market.

Here are some questions you can answer that can help you position your product or service in a positive light to your readers.

• Is your product or service of superior quality?
• What additional features do you offer that your competitors do not offer?
• Are you targeting a ‘new’ market?

Basically, your market analysis should include an analysis of what already exists in the market and an explanation of how your company fits into the market.

Competitive Analysis

In the competitive analysis section, y ou have to understand who your direct and indirect competitions are, and how successful they are in the marketplace. It is the section where you assess the strengths and weaknesses of your competitors, the advantage(s) they possess in the market and show the unique features or qualities that make you different from your competitors.

Many businesses do market analysis and competitive analysis together. However, to fully understand what the competitive analysis entails, it is essential to separate it from the market analysis.

Competitive analysis for your business can also include analysis on how to overcome barriers to entry in your target market.

The primary goal of conducting a competitive analysis is to distinguish your business from your competitors. A strong competitive analysis is essential if you want to convince potential funding sources to invest in your business. You have to show potential investors and lenders that your business has what it takes to compete in the marketplace successfully.

Competitive analysis will s how you what the strengths of your competition are and what they are doing to maintain that advantage.

When doing your competitive research, you first have to identify your competitor and then get all the information you can about them. The idea of spending time to identify your competitor and learn everything about them may seem daunting but it is well worth it.

Find answers to the following questions after you have identified who your competitors are.

• What are your successful competitors doing?
• Why is what they are doing working?
• Can your business do it better?
• What are the weaknesses of your successful competitors?
• What are they not doing well?
• Can your business turn its weaknesses into strengths?
• How good is your competitors’ customer service?
• Where do your competitors invest in advertising?
• What sales and pricing strategies are they using?
• What marketing strategies are they using?
• What kind of press coverage do they get?
• What are their customers saying about your competitors (both the positive and negative)?

If your competitors have a website, it is a good idea to visit their websites for more competitors’ research. Check their “About Us” page for more information.

If you are presenting your business plan to investors, you need to clearly distinguish yourself from your competitors. Investors can easily tell when you have not properly researched your competitors.

Take time to think about what unique qualities or features set you apart from your competitors. If you do not have any direct competition offering your product to the market, it does not mean you leave out the competitor analysis section blank. Instead research on other companies that are providing a similar product, or whose product is solving the problem your product solves.

The next step is to create a table listing the top competitors you want to include in your business plan. Ensure you list your business as the last and on the right. What you just created is known as the competitor analysis table.

Direct vs Indirect Competition

You cannot know if your product or service will be a fit for your target market if you have not understood your business and the competitive landscape.

There is no market you want to target where you will not encounter competition, even if your product is innovative. Including competitive analysis in your business plan is essential.

If you are entering an established market, you need to explain how you plan to differentiate your products from the available options in the market. Also, include a list of few companies that you view as your direct competitors The competition you face in an established market is your direct competition.

In situations where you are entering a market with no direct competition, it does not mean there is no competition there. Consider your indirect competition that offers substitutes for the products or services you offer.

For example, if you sell an innovative SaaS product, let us say a project management software , a company offering time management software is your indirect competition.

There is an easy way to find out who your indirect competitors are in the absence of no direct competitors. You simply have to research how your potential customers are solving the problems that your product or service seeks to solve. That is your direct competition.

Factors that Differentiate Your Business from the Competition

There are three main factors that any business can use to differentiate itself from its competition. They are cost leadership, product differentiation, and market segmentation.

1. Cost Leadership

A strategy you can impose to maximize your profits and gain an edge over your competitors. It involves offering lower prices than what the majority of your competitors are offering.

A common practice among businesses looking to enter into a market where there are dominant players is to use free trials or pricing to attract as many customers as possible to their offer.

2. Product Differentiation

Your product or service should have a unique selling proposition (USP) that your competitors do not have or do not stress in their marketing.

Part of the marketing strategy should involve making your products unique and different from your competitors. It does not have to be different from your competitors, it can be the addition to a feature or benefit that your competitors do not currently have.

3. Market Segmentation

As a new business seeking to break into an industry, you will gain more success from focusing on a specific niche or target market, and not the whole industry.

If your competitors are focused on a general need or target market, you can differentiate yourself from them by having a small and hyper-targeted audience. For example, if your competitors are selling men’s clothes in their online stores , you can sell hoodies for men.

4. Define Your Business and Management Structure

The next step in your business plan is your business and management structure. It is the section where you describe the legal structure of your business and the team running it.

Your business is only as good as the management team that runs it, while the management team can only strive when there is a proper business and management structure in place.

If your company is a sole proprietor or a limited liability company (LLC), a general or limited partnership, or a C or an S corporation, state it clearly in this section.

Use an organizational chart to show the management structure in your business. Clearly show who is in charge of what area in your company. It is where you show how each key manager or team leader’s unique experience can contribute immensely to the success of your company. You can also opt to add the resumes and CVs of the key players in your company.

The business and management structure section should show who the owner is, and other owners of the businesses (if the business has other owners). For businesses or companies with multiple owners, include the percent ownership of the various owners and clearly show the extent of each others’ involvement in the company.

Investors want to know who is behind the company and the team running it to determine if it has the right management to achieve its set goals.

Management Team

The management team section is where you show that you have the right team in place to successfully execute the business operations and ideas. Take time to create the management structure for your business. Think about all the important roles and responsibilities that you need managers for to grow your business.

Include brief bios of each key team member and ensure you highlight only the relevant information that is needed. If your team members have background industry experience or have held top positions for other companies and achieved success while filling that role, highlight it in this section.

A common mistake that many startups make is assigning C-level titles such as (CMO and CEO) to everyone on their team. It is unrealistic for a small business to have those titles. While it may look good on paper for the ego of your team members, it can prevent investors from investing in your business.

Instead of building an unrealistic management structure that does not fit your business reality, it is best to allow business titles to grow as the business grows. Starting everyone at the top leaves no room for future change or growth, which is bad for productivity.

Your management team does not have to be complete before you start writing your business plan. You can have a complete business plan even when there are managerial positions that are empty and need filling.

If you have management gaps in your team, simply show the gaps and indicate you are searching for the right candidates for the role(s). Investors do not expect you to have a full management team when you are just starting your business.

Key Questions to Answer When Structuring Your Management Team

• Who are the key leaders?
• What experiences, skills, and educational backgrounds do you expect your key leaders to have?
• Do your key leaders have industry experience?
• What positions will they fill and what duties will they perform in those positions?
• What level of authority do the key leaders have and what are their responsibilities?
• What is the salary for the various management positions that will attract the ideal candidates?

Additional Tips for Writing the Management Structure Section

1. Avoid Adding ‘Ghost’ Names to Your Management Team

There is always that temptation to include a ‘ghost’ name to your management team to attract and influence investors to invest in your business. Although the presence of these celebrity management team members may attract the attention of investors, it can cause your business to lose any credibility if you get found out.

Seasoned investors will investigate further the members of your management team before committing fully to your business If they find out that the celebrity name used does not play any actual role in your business, they will not invest and may write you off as dishonest.

2. Focus on Credentials But Pay Extra Attention to the Roles

Investors want to know the experience that your key team members have to determine if they can successfully reach the company’s growth and financial goals.

While it is an excellent boost for your key management team to have the right credentials, you also want to pay extra attention to the roles they will play in your company.

Organizational Chart

Adding an organizational chart in this section of your business plan is not necessary, you can do it in your business plan’s appendix.

If you are exploring funding options, it is not uncommon to get asked for your organizational chart. The function of an organizational chart goes beyond raising money, you can also use it as a useful planning tool for your business.

An organizational chart can help you identify how best to structure your management team for maximum productivity and point you towards key roles you need to fill in the future.

You can use the organizational chart to show your company’s internal management structure such as the roles and responsibilities of your management team, and relationships that exist between them.

5. Describe Your Product and Service Offering

In your business plan, you have to describe what you sell or the service you plan to offer. It is the next step after defining your business and management structure. The products and services section is where you sell the benefits of your business.

Here you have to explain how your product or service will benefit your customers and describe your product lifecycle. It is also the section where you write down your plans for intellectual property like patent filings and copyrighting.

The research and development that you are undertaking for your product or service need to be explained in detail in this section. However, do not get too technical, sell the general idea and its benefits.

If you have any diagrams or intricate designs of your product or service, do not include them in the products and services section. Instead, leave them for the addendum page. Also, if you are leaving out diagrams or designs for the addendum, ensure you add this phrase “For more detail, visit the addendum Page #.”

Your product and service section in your business plan should include the following:

• A detailed explanation that clearly shows how your product or service works.
• The pricing model for your product or service.
• Your business’ sales and distribution strategy.
• The ideal customers that want your product or service.
• The benefits of your products and services.
• Reason(s) why your product or service is a better alternative to what your competitors are currently offering in the market.
• Plans for filling the orders you receive
• If you have current or pending patents, copyrights, and trademarks for your product or service, you can also discuss them in this section.

What to Focus On When Describing the Benefits, Lifecycle, and Production Process of Your Products or Services

In the products and services section, you have to distill the benefits, lifecycle, and production process of your products and services.

When describing the benefits of your products or services, here are some key factors to focus on.

• Unique features
• Translating the unique features into benefits
• The emotional, psychological, and practical payoffs to attract customers
• Intellectual property rights or any patents

When describing the product life cycle of your products or services, here are some key factors to focus on.

• Upsells, cross-sells, and down-sells
• Time between purchases
• Plans for research and development.

When describing the production process for your products or services, you need to think about the following:

• The creation of new or existing products and services.
• The sources for the raw materials or components you need for production.
• Assembling the products
• Maintaining quality control
• Supply-chain logistics (receiving the raw materials and delivering the finished products)
• The day-to-day management of the production processes, bookkeeping, and inventory.

Tips for Writing the Products or Services Section of Your Business Plan

1. Avoid Technical Descriptions and Industry Buzzwords

The products and services section of your business plan should clearly describe the products and services that your company provides. However, it is not a section to include technical jargons that anyone outside your industry will not understand.

A good practice is to remove highly detailed or technical descriptions in favor of simple terms. Industry buzzwords are not necessary, if there are simpler terms you can use, then use them. If you plan to use your business plan to source funds, making the product or service section so technical will do you no favors.

2. Describe How Your Products or Services Differ from Your Competitors

When potential investors look at your business plan, they want to know how the products and services you are offering differ from that of your competition. Differentiating your products or services from your competition in a way that makes your solution more attractive is critical.

If you are going the innovative path and there is no market currently for your product or service, you need to describe in this section why the market needs your product or service.

For example, overnight delivery was a niche business that only a few companies were participating in. Federal Express (FedEx) had to show in its business plan that there was a large opportunity for that service and they justified why the market needed that service.

3. Long or Short Products or Services Section

Should your products or services section be short? Does the long products or services section attract more investors?

There are no straightforward answers to these questions. Whether your products or services section should be long or relatively short depends on the nature of your business.

If your business is product-focused, then automatically you need to use more space to describe the details of your products. However, if the product your business sells is a commodity item that relies on competitive pricing or other pricing strategies, you do not have to use up so much space to provide significant details about the product.

Likewise, if you are selling a commodity that is available in numerous outlets, then you do not have to spend time on writing a long products or services section.

The key to the success of your business is most likely the effectiveness of your marketing strategies compared to your competitors. Use more space to address that section.

If you are creating a new product or service that the market does not know about, your products or services section can be lengthy. The reason why is because you need to explain everything about the product or service such as the nature of the product, its use case, and values.

A short products or services section for an innovative product or service will not give the readers enough information to properly evaluate your business.

4. Describe Your Relationships with Vendors or Suppliers

Your business will rely on vendors or suppliers to supply raw materials or the components needed to make your products. In your products and services section, describe your relationships with your vendors and suppliers fully.

Avoid the mistake of relying on only one supplier or vendor. If that supplier or vendor fails to supply or goes out of business, you can easily face supply problems and struggle to meet your demands. Plan to set up multiple vendor or supplier relationships for better business stability.

5. Your Primary Goal Is to Convince Your Readers

The primary goal of your business plan is to convince your readers that your business is viable and to create a guide for your business to follow. It applies to the products and services section.

When drafting this section, think like the reader. See your reader as someone who has no idea about your products and services. You are using the products and services section to provide the needed information to help your reader understand your products and services. As a result, you have to be clear and to the point.

While you want to educate your readers about your products or services, you also do not want to bore them with lots of technical details. Show your products and services and not your fancy choice of words.

Your products and services section should provide the answer to the “what” question for your business. You and your management team may run the business, but it is your products and services that are the lifeblood of the business.

Key Questions to Answer When Writing your Products and Services Section

Answering these questions can help you write your products and services section quickly and in a way that will appeal to your readers.

• Are your products existing on the market or are they still in the development stage?
• What is your timeline for adding new products and services to the market?
• What are the positives that make your products and services different from your competitors?
• Do your products and services have any competitive advantage that your competitors’ products and services do not currently have?
• Do your products or services have any competitive disadvantages that you need to overcome to compete with your competitors? If your answer is yes, state how you plan to overcome them,
• How much does it cost to produce your products or services? How much do you plan to sell it for?
• What is the price for your products and services compared to your competitors? Is pricing an issue?
• What are your operating costs and will it be low enough for you to compete with your competitors and still take home a reasonable profit margin?
• What is your plan for acquiring your products? Are you involved in the production of your products or services?
• Are you the manufacturer and produce all the components you need to create your products? Do you assemble your products by using components supplied by other manufacturers? Do you purchase your products directly from suppliers or wholesalers?
• Do you have a steady supply of products that you need to start your business? (If your business is yet to kick-off)
• How do you plan to distribute your products or services to the market?

You can also hint at the marketing or promotion plans you have for your products or services such as how you plan to build awareness or retain customers. The next section is where you can go fully into details about your business’s marketing and sales plan.

6. Show and Explain Your Marketing and Sales Plan

Providing great products and services is wonderful, but it means nothing if you do not have a marketing and sales plan to inform your customers about them. Your marketing and sales plan is critical to the success of your business.

The sales and marketing section is where you show and offer a detailed explanation of your marketing and sales plan and how you plan to execute it. It covers your pricing plan, proposed advertising and promotion activities, activities and partnerships you need to make your business a success, and the benefits of your products and services.

There are several ways you can approach your marketing and sales strategy. Ideally, your marketing and sales strategy has to fit the unique needs of your business.

In this section, you describe how the plans your business has for attracting and retaining customers, and the exact process for making a sale happen. It is essential to thoroughly describe your complete marketing and sales plans because you are still going to reference this section when you are making financial projections for your business.

Outline Your Business’ Unique Selling Proposition (USP)

The sales and marketing section is where you outline your business’s unique selling proposition (USP). When you are developing your unique selling proposition, think about the strongest reasons why people should buy from you over your competition. That reason(s) is most likely a good fit to serve as your unique selling proposition (USP).

Target Market and Target Audience

Plans on how to get your products or services to your target market and how to get your target audience to buy them go into this section. You also highlight the strengths of your business here, particularly what sets them apart from your competition.

Before you start writing your marketing and sales plan, you need to have properly defined your target audience and fleshed out your buyer persona. If you do not first understand the individual you are marketing to, your marketing and sales plan will lack any substance and easily fall.

Creating a Smart Marketing and Sales Plan

Marketing your products and services is an investment that requires you to spend money. Like any other investment, you have to generate a good return on investment (ROI) to justify using that marketing and sales plan. Good marketing and sales plans bring in high sales and profits to your company.

Avoid spending money on unproductive marketing channels. Do your research and find out the best marketing and sales plan that works best for your company.

Your marketing and sales plan can be broken into different parts: your positioning statement, pricing, promotion, packaging, advertising, public relations, content marketing, social media, and strategic alliances.

Your Positioning Statement

Your positioning statement is the first part of your marketing and sales plan. It refers to the way you present your company to your customers.

Are you the premium solution, the low-price solution, or are you the intermediary between the two extremes in the market? What do you offer that your competitors do not that can give you leverage in the market?

Before you start writing your positioning statement, you need to spend some time evaluating the current market conditions. Here are some questions that can help you to evaluate the market

• What are the unique features or benefits that you offer that your competitors lack?
• What are your customers’ primary needs and wants?
• Why should a customer choose you over your competition? How do you plan to differentiate yourself from the competition?
• How does your company’s solution compare with other solutions in the market?

After answering these questions, then you can start writing your positioning statement. Your positioning statement does not have to be in-depth or too long.

All you need to explain with your positioning statement are two focus areas. The first is the position of your company within the competitive landscape. The other focus area is the core value proposition that sets your company apart from other alternatives that your ideal customer might consider.

Here is a simple template you can use to develop a positioning statement.

For [description of target market] who [need of target market], [product or service] [how it meets the need]. Unlike [top competition], it [most essential distinguishing feature].

For example, let’s create the positioning statement for fictional accounting software and QuickBooks alternative , TBooks.

“For small business owners who need accounting services, TBooks is an accounting software that helps small businesses handle their small business bookkeeping basics quickly and easily. Unlike Wave, TBooks gives small businesses access to live sessions with top accountants.”

You can edit this positioning statement sample and fill it with your business details.

After writing your positioning statement, the next step is the pricing of your offerings. The overall positioning strategy you set in your positioning statement will often determine how you price your products or services.

Pricing is a powerful tool that sends a strong message to your customers. Failure to get your pricing strategy right can make or mar your business. If you are targeting a low-income audience, setting a premium price can result in low sales.

You can use pricing to communicate your positioning to your customers. For example, if you are offering a product at a premium price, you are sending a message to your customers that the product belongs to the premium category.

Basic Rules to Follow When Pricing Your Offering

Setting a price for your offering involves more than just putting a price tag on it. Deciding on the right pricing for your offering requires following some basic rules. They include covering your costs, primary and secondary profit center pricing, and matching the market rate.

• Covering Your Costs: The price you set for your products or service should be more than it costs you to produce and deliver them. Every business has the same goal, to make a profit. Depending on the strategy you want to use, there are exceptions to this rule. However, the vast majority of businesses follow this rule.
• Primary and Secondary Profit Center Pricing: When a company sets its price above the cost of production, it is making that product its primary profit center. A company can also decide not to make its initial price its primary profit center by selling below or at even with its production cost. It rather depends on the support product or even maintenance that is associated with the initial purchase to make its profit. The initial price thus became its secondary profit center.
• Matching the Market Rate: A good rule to follow when pricing your products or services is to match your pricing with consumer demand and expectations. If you price your products or services beyond the price your customer perceives as the ideal price range, you may end up with no customers. Pricing your products too low below what your customer perceives as the ideal price range may lead to them undervaluing your offering.

Pricing Strategy

Your pricing strategy influences the price of your offering. There are several pricing strategies available for you to choose from when examining the right pricing strategy for your business. They include cost-plus pricing, market-based pricing, value pricing, and more.

• Cost-plus Pricing: This strategy is one of the simplest and oldest pricing strategies. Here you consider the cost of producing a unit of your product and then add a profit to it to arrive at your market price. It is an effective pricing strategy for manufacturers because it helps them cover their initial costs. Another name for the cost-plus pricing strategy is the markup pricing strategy.
• Market-based Pricing: This pricing strategy analyses the market including competitors’ pricing and then sets a price based on what the market is expecting. With this pricing strategy, you can either set your price at the low-end or high-end of the market.
• Value Pricing: This pricing strategy involves setting a price based on the value you are providing to your customer. When adopting a value-based pricing strategy, you have to set a price that your customers are willing to pay. Service-based businesses such as small business insurance providers , luxury goods sellers, and the fashion industry use this pricing strategy.

After carefully sorting out your positioning statement and pricing, the next item to look at is your promotional strategy. Your promotional strategy explains how you plan on communicating with your customers and prospects.

As a business, you must measure all your costs, including the cost of your promotions. You also want to measure how much sales your promotions bring for your business to determine its usefulness. Promotional strategies or programs that do not lead to profit need to be removed.

There are different types of promotional strategies you can adopt for your business, they include advertising, public relations, and content marketing.

Advertising

Your business plan should include your advertising plan which can be found in the marketing and sales plan section. You need to include an overview of your advertising plans such as the areas you plan to spend money on to advertise your business and offers.

Ensure that you make it clear in this section if your business will be advertising online or using the more traditional offline media, or the combination of both online and offline media. You can also include the advertising medium you want to use to raise awareness about your business and offers.

Some common online advertising mediums you can use include social media ads, landing pages, sales pages, SEO, Pay-Per-Click, emails, Google Ads, and others. Some common traditional and offline advertising mediums include word of mouth, radios, direct mail, televisions, flyers, billboards, posters, and others.

A key component of your advertising strategy is how you plan to measure the effectiveness and success of your advertising campaign. There is no point in sticking with an advertising plan or medium that does not produce results for your business in the long run.

Public Relations

A great way to reach your customers is to get the media to cover your business or product. Publicity, especially good ones, should be a part of your marketing and sales plan. In this section, show your plans for getting prominent reviews of your product from reputable publications and sources.

Your business needs that exposure to grow. If public relations is a crucial part of your promotional strategy, provide details about your public relations plan here.

Content Marketing

Content marketing is a popular promotional strategy used by businesses to inform and attract their customers. It is about teaching and educating your prospects on various topics of interest in your niche, it does not just involve informing them about the benefits and features of the products and services you have,

Businesses publish content usually for free where they provide useful information, tips, and advice so that their target market can be made aware of the importance of their products and services. Content marketing strategies seek to nurture prospects into buyers over time by simply providing value.

Your company can create a blog where it will be publishing content for its target market. You will need to use the best website builder such as Wix and Squarespace and the best web hosting services such as Bluehost, Hostinger, and other Bluehost alternatives to create a functional blog or website.

If content marketing is a crucial part of your promotional strategy (as it should be), detail your plans under promotions.

Including high-quality images of the packaging of your product in your business plan is a lovely idea. You can add the images of the packaging of that product in the marketing and sales plan section. If you are not selling a product, then you do not need to include any worry about the physical packaging of your product.

When organizing the packaging section of your business plan, you can answer the following questions to make maximum use of this section.

• Is your choice of packaging consistent with your positioning strategy?
• What key value proposition does your packaging communicate? (It should reflect the key value proposition of your business)
• How does your packaging compare to that of your competitors?

Social Media

Your 21st-century business needs to have a good social media presence. Not having one is leaving out opportunities for growth and reaching out to your prospect.

You do not have to join the thousands of social media platforms out there. What you need to do is join the ones that your customers are active on and be active there.

Businesses use social media to provide information about their products such as promotions, discounts, the benefits of their products, and content on their blogs.

Social media is also a platform for engaging with your customers and getting feedback about your products or services. Make no mistake, more and more of your prospects are using social media channels to find more information about companies.

You need to consider the social media channels you want to prioritize your business (prioritize the ones your customers are active in) and your branding plans in this section.

Strategic Alliances

If your company plans to work closely with other companies as part of your sales and marketing plan, include it in this section. Prove details about those partnerships in your business plan if you have already established them.

Strategic alliances can be beneficial for all parties involved including your company. Working closely with another company in the form of a partnership can provide access to a different target market segment for your company.

The company you are partnering with may also gain access to your target market or simply offer a new product or service (that of your company) to its customers.

Mutually beneficial partnerships can cover the weaknesses of one company with the strength of another. You should consider strategic alliances with companies that sell complimentary products to yours. For example, if you provide printers, you can partner with a company that produces ink since the customers that buy printers from you will also need inks for printing.

Steps Involved in Creating a Marketing and Sales Plan

1. Focus on Your Target Market

Identify who your customers are, the market you want to target. Then determine the best ways to get your products or services to your potential customers.

2. Evaluate Your Competition

One of the goals of having a marketing plan is to distinguish yourself from your competition. You cannot stand out from them without first knowing them in and out.

You can know your competitors by gathering information about their products, pricing, service, and advertising campaigns.

These questions can help you know your competition.

• What makes your competition successful?
• What are their weaknesses?
• What are customers saying about your competition?

3. Consider Your Brand

Customers' perception of your brand has a strong impact on your sales. Your marketing and sales plan should seek to bolster the image of your brand. Before you start marketing your business, think about the message you want to pass across about your business and your products and services.

4. Focus on Benefits

The majority of your customers do not view your product in terms of features, what they want to know is the benefits and solutions your product offers. Think about the problems your product solves and the benefits it delivers, and use it to create the right sales and marketing message.

Your marketing plan should focus on what you want your customer to get instead of what you provide. Identify those benefits in your marketing and sales plan.

5. Focus on Differentiation

Your marketing and sales plan should look for a unique angle they can take that differentiates your business from the competition, even if the products offered are similar. Some good areas of differentiation you can use are your benefits, pricing, and features.

Key Questions to Answer When Writing Your Marketing and Sales Plan

• What is your company’s budget for sales and marketing campaigns?
• What key metrics will you use to determine if your marketing plans are successful?
• What are your alternatives if your initial marketing efforts do not succeed?
• Who are the sales representatives you need to promote your products or services?
• What are the marketing and sales channels you plan to use? How do you plan to get your products in front of your ideal customers?
• Where will you sell your products?

You may want to include samples of marketing materials you plan to use such as print ads, website descriptions, and social media ads. While it is not compulsory to include these samples, it can help you better communicate your marketing and sales plan and objectives.

The purpose of the marketing and sales section is to answer this question “How will you reach your customers?” If you cannot convincingly provide an answer to this question, you need to rework your marketing and sales section.

7. Clearly Show Your Funding Request

If you are writing your business plan to ask for funding from investors or financial institutions, the funding request section is where you will outline your funding requirements. The funding request section should answer the question ‘How much money will your business need in the near future (3 to 5 years)?’

A good funding request section will clearly outline and explain the amount of funding your business needs over the next five years. You need to know the amount of money your business needs to make an accurate funding request.

Also, when writing your funding request, provide details of how the funds will be used over the period. Specify if you want to use the funds to buy raw materials or machinery, pay salaries, pay for advertisements, and cover specific bills such as rent and electricity.

In addition to explaining what you want to use the funds requested for, you need to clearly state the projected return on investment (ROI) . Investors and creditors want to know if your business can generate profit for them if they put funds into it.

Ensure you do not inflate the figures and stay as realistic as possible. Investors and financial institutions you are seeking funds from will do their research before investing money in your business.

If you are not sure of an exact number to request from, you can use some range of numbers as rough estimates. Add a best-case scenario and a work-case scenario to your funding request. Also, include a description of your strategic future financial plans such as selling your business or paying off debts.

Funding Request: Debt or Equity?

When making your funding request, specify the type of funding you want. Do you want debt or equity? Draw out the terms that will be applicable for the funding, and the length of time the funding request will cover.

Case for Equity

If your new business has not yet started generating profits, you are most likely preparing to sell equity in your business to raise capital at the early stage. Equity here refers to ownership. In this case, you are selling a portion of your company to raise capital.

Although this method of raising capital for your business does not put your business in debt, keep in mind that an equity owner may expect to play a key role in company decisions even if he does not hold a major stake in the company.

Most equity sales for startups are usually private transactions . If you are making a funding request by offering equity in exchange for funding, let the investor know that they will be paid a dividend (a share of the company’s profit). Also, let the investor know the process for selling their equity in your business.

Case for Debt

You may decide not to offer equity in exchange for funds, instead, you make a funding request with the promise to pay back the money borrowed at the agreed time frame.

When making a funding request with an agreement to pay back, note that you will have to repay your creditors both the principal amount borrowed and the interest on it. Financial institutions offer this type of funding for businesses.

Large companies combine both equity and debt in their capital structure. When drafting your business plan, decide if you want to offer both or one over the other.

Before you sell equity in exchange for funding in your business, consider if you are willing to accept not being in total control of your business. Also, before you seek loans in your funding request section, ensure that the terms of repayment are favorable.

You should set a clear timeline in your funding request so that potential investors and creditors can know what you are expecting. Some investors and creditors may agree to your funding request and then delay payment for longer than 30 days, meanwhile, your business needs an immediate cash injection to operate efficiently.

Additional Tips for Writing the Funding Request Section of your Business Plan

The funding request section is not necessary for every business, it is only needed by businesses who plan to use their business plan to secure funding.

If you are adding the funding request section to your business plan, provide an itemized summary of how you plan to use the funds requested. Hiring a lawyer, accountant, or other professionals may be necessary for the proper development of this section.

You should also gather and use financial statements that add credibility and support to your funding requests. Ensure that the financial statements you use should include your projected financial data such as projected cash flows, forecast statements, and expenditure budgets.

If you are an existing business, include all historical financial statements such as cash flow statements, balance sheets and income statements .

Provide monthly and quarterly financial statements for a year. If your business has records that date back beyond the one-year mark, add the yearly statements of those years. These documents are for the appendix section of your business plan.

8. Detail Your Financial Plan, Metrics, and Projections

If you used the funding request section in your business plan, supplement it with a financial plan, metrics, and projections. This section paints a picture of the past performance of your business and then goes ahead to make an informed projection about its future.

The goal of this section is to convince readers that your business is going to be a financial success. It outlines your business plan to generate enough profit to repay the loan (with interest if applicable) and to generate a decent return on investment for investors.

If you have an existing business already in operation, use this section to demonstrate stability through finance. This section should include your cash flow statements, balance sheets, and income statements covering the last three to five years. If your business has some acceptable collateral that you can use to acquire loans, list it in the financial plan, metrics, and projection section.

Apart from current financial statements, this section should also contain a prospective financial outlook that spans the next five years. Include forecasted income statements, cash flow statements, balance sheets, and capital expenditure budget.

If your business is new and is not yet generating profit, use clear and realistic projections to show the potentials of your business.

When drafting this section, research industry norms and the performance of comparable businesses. Your financial projections should cover at least five years. State the logic behind your financial projections. Remember you can always make adjustments to this section as the variables change.

The financial plan, metrics, and projection section create a baseline which your business can either exceed or fail to reach. If your business fails to reach your projections in this section, you need to understand why it failed.

Investors and loan managers spend a lot of time going through the financial plan, metrics, and projection section compared to other parts of the business plan. Ensure you spend time creating credible financial analyses for your business in this section.

Many entrepreneurs find this section daunting to write. You do not need a business degree to create a solid financial forecast for your business. Business finances, especially for startups, are not as complicated as they seem. There are several online tools and templates that make writing this section so much easier.

Use Graphs and Charts

The financial plan, metrics, and projection section is a great place to use graphs and charts to tell the financial story of your business. Charts and images make it easier to communicate your finances.

Accuracy in this section is key, ensure you carefully analyze your past financial statements properly before making financial projects.

Address the Risk Factors and Show Realistic Financial Projections

Keep your financial plan, metrics, and projection realistic. It is okay to be optimistic in your financial projection, however, you have to justify it.

You should also address the various risk factors associated with your business in this section. Investors want to know the potential risks involved, show them. You should also show your plans for mitigating those risks.

What You Should In The Financial Plan, Metrics, and Projection Section of Your Business Plan

The financial plan, metrics, and projection section of your business plan should have monthly sales and revenue forecasts for the first year. It should also include annual projections that cover 3 to 5 years.

A three-year projection is a basic requirement to have in your business plan. However, some investors may request a five-year forecast.

Your business plan should include the following financial statements: sales forecast, personnel plan, income statement, income statement, cash flow statement, balance sheet, and an exit strategy.

1. Sales Forecast

Sales forecast refers to your projections about the number of sales your business is going to record over the next few years. It is typically broken into several rows, with each row assigned to a core product or service that your business is offering.

One common mistake people make in their business plan is to break down the sales forecast section into long details. A sales forecast should forecast the high-level details.

For example, if you are forecasting sales for a payroll software provider, you could break down your forecast into target market segments or subscription categories.

Your sales forecast section should also have a corresponding row for each sales row to cover the direct cost or Cost of Goods Sold (COGS). The objective of these rows is to show the expenses that your business incurs in making and delivering your product or service.

Note that your Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) should only cover those direct costs incurred when making your products. Other indirect expenses such as insurance, salaries, payroll tax, and rent should not be included.

For example, the Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) for a restaurant is the cost of ingredients while for a consulting company it will be the cost of paper and other presentation materials.

2. Personnel Plan

The personnel plan section is where you provide details about the payment plan for your employees. For a small business, you can easily list every position in your company and how much you plan to pay in the personnel plan.

However, for larger businesses, you have to break the personnel plan into functional groups such as sales and marketing.

The personnel plan will also include the cost of an employee beyond salary, commonly referred to as the employee burden. These costs include insurance, payroll taxes , and other essential costs incurred monthly as a result of having employees on your payroll.

3. Income Statement

The income statement section shows if your business is making a profit or taking a loss. Another name for the income statement is the profit and loss (P&L). It takes data from your sales forecast and personnel plan and adds other ongoing expenses you incur while running your business.

Every business plan should have an income statement. It subtracts your business expenses from its earnings to show if your business is generating profit or incurring losses.

The income statement has the following items: sales, Cost of Goods Sold (COGS), gross margin, operating expenses, total operating expenses, operating income , total expenses, and net profit.

• Sales refer to the revenue your business generates from selling its products or services. Other names for sales are income or revenue.
• Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) refers to the total cost of selling your products. Other names for COGS are direct costs or cost of sales. Manufacturing businesses use the Costs of Goods Manufactured (COGM) .
• Gross Margin is the figure you get when you subtract your COGS from your sales. In your income statement, you can express it as a percentage of total sales (Gross margin / Sales = Gross Margin Percent).
• Operating Expenses refer to all the expenses you incur from running your business. It exempts the COGS because it stands alone as a core part of your income statement. You also have to exclude taxes, depreciation, and amortization. Your operating expenses include salaries, marketing expenses, research and development (R&D) expenses, and other expenses.
• Total Operating Expenses refers to the sum of all your operating expenses including those exemptions named above under operating expenses.
• Operating Income refers to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization. It is simply known as the acronym EBITDA (earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization). Calculating your operating income is simple, all you need to do is to subtract your COGS and total operating expenses from your sales.
• Total Expenses refer to the sum of your operating expenses and your business’ interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortization.
• Net profit shows whether your business has made a profit or taken a loss during a given timeframe.

4. Cash Flow Statement

The cash flow statement tracks the money you have in the bank at any given point. It is often confused with the income statement or the profit and loss statement. They are both different types of financial statements. The income statement calculates your profits and losses while the cash flow statement shows you how much you have in the bank.

5. Balance Sheet

The balance sheet is a financial statement that provides an overview of the financial health of your business. It contains information about the assets and liabilities of your company, and owner’s or shareholders’ equity.

You can get the net worth of your company by subtracting your company’s liabilities from its assets.

6. Exit Strategy

The exit strategy refers to a probable plan for selling your business either to the public in an IPO or to another company. It is the last thing you include in the financial plan, metrics, and projection section.

You can choose to omit the exit strategy from your business plan if you plan to maintain full ownership of your business and do not plan on seeking angel investment or virtual capitalist (VC) funding.

Investors may want to know what your exit plan is. They invest in your business to get a good return on investment.

Your exit strategy does not have to include long and boring details. Ensure you identify some interested parties who may be interested in buying the company if it becomes a success.

Key Questions to Answer with Your Financial Plan, Metrics, and Projection

Your financial plan, metrics, and projection section helps investors, creditors, or your internal managers to understand what your expenses are, the amount of cash you need, and what it takes to make your company profitable. It also shows what you will be doing with any funding.

You do not need to show actual financial data if you do not have one. Adding forecasts and projections to your financial statements is added proof that your strategy is feasible and shows investors you have planned properly.

Here are some key questions to answer to help you develop this section.

• What is your sales forecast for the next year?
• When will your company achieve a positive cash flow?
• What are the core expenses you need to operate?
• How much money do you need upfront to operate or grow your company?
• How will you use the loans or investments?

9. Add an Appendix to Your Business Plan

Adding an appendix to your business plan is optional. It is a useful place to put any charts, tables, legal notes, definitions, permits, résumés, and other critical information that do not fit into other sections of your business plan.

The appendix section is where you would want to include details of a patent or patent-pending if you have one. You can always add illustrations or images of your products here. It is the last section of your business plan.

When writing your business plan, there are details you cut short or remove to prevent the entire section from becoming too lengthy. There are also details you want to include in the business plan but are not a good fit for any of the previous sections. You can add that additional information to the appendix section.

Businesses also use the appendix section to include supporting documents or other materials specially requested by investors or lenders.

You can include just about any information that supports the assumptions and statements you made in the business plan under the appendix. It is the one place in the business plan where unrelated data and information can coexist amicably.

If your appendix section is lengthy, try organizing it by adding a table of contents at the beginning of the appendix section. It is also advisable to group similar information to make it easier for the reader to access them.

A well-organized appendix section makes it easier to share your information clearly and concisely. Add footnotes throughout the rest of the business plan or make references in the plan to the documents in the appendix.

The appendix section is usually only necessary if you are seeking funding from investors or lenders, or hoping to attract partners.

People reading business plans do not want to spend time going through a heap of backup information, numbers, and charts. Keep these documents or information in the Appendix section in case the reader wants to dig deeper.

Common Items to Include in the Appendix Section of Your Business Plan

The appendix section includes documents that supplement or support the information or claims given in other sections of the business plans. Common items you can include in the appendix section include:

• Additional data about the process of manufacturing or creation
• Additional description of products or services such as product schematics
• Additional financial documents or projections
• Articles of incorporation and status
• Backup for market research or competitive analysis
• Bank statements
• Business registries
• Client testimonials (if your business is already running)
• Copies of insurances
• Credit histories (personal or/and business)
• Deeds and permits
• Equipment leases
• Examples of marketing and advertising collateral
• Industry associations and memberships
• Images of product
• Intellectual property
• Key customer contracts
• Legal documents and other contracts
• Letters of reference
• Links to references
• Market research data
• Organizational charts
• Photographs of potential facilities
• Professional licenses pertaining to your legal structure or type of business
• Purchase orders
• Resumes of the founder(s) and key managers
• State and federal identification numbers or codes
• Trademarks or patents’ registrations

Avoid using the appendix section as a place to dump any document or information you feel like adding. Only add documents or information that you support or increase the credibility of your business plan.

Tips and Strategies for Writing a Convincing Business Plan

To achieve a perfect business plan, you need to consider some key tips and strategies. These tips will raise the efficiency of your business plan above average.

1. Know Your Audience

When writing a business plan, you need to know your audience . Business owners write business plans for different reasons. Your business plan has to be specific. For example, you can write business plans to potential investors, banks, and even fellow board members of the company.

The audience you are writing to determines the structure of the business plan. As a business owner, you have to know your audience. Not everyone will be your audience. Knowing your audience will help you to narrow the scope of your business plan.

Consider what your audience wants to see in your projects, the likely questions they might ask, and what interests them.

• A business plan used to address a company's board members will center on its employment schemes, internal affairs, projects, stakeholders, etc.
• A business plan for financial institutions will talk about the size of your market and the chances for you to pay back any loans you demand.
• A business plan for investors will show proof that you can return the investment capital within a specific time. In addition, it discusses your financial projections, tractions, and market size.

2. Get Inspiration from People

Writing a business plan from scratch as an entrepreneur can be daunting. That is why you need the right inspiration to push you to write one. You can gain inspiration from the successful business plans of other businesses. Look at their business plans, the style they use, the structure of the project, etc.

To make your business plan easier to create, search companies related to your business to get an exact copy of what you need to create an effective business plan. You can also make references while citing examples in your business plans.

When drafting your business plan, get as much help from others as you possibly can. By getting inspiration from people, you can create something better than what they have.

3. Avoid Being Over Optimistic

Many business owners make use of strong adjectives to qualify their content. One of the big mistakes entrepreneurs make when preparing a business plan is promising too much.

The use of superlatives and over-optimistic claims can prepare the audience for more than you can offer. In the end, you disappoint the confidence they have in you.

In most cases, the best option is to be realistic with your claims and statistics. Most of the investors can sense a bit of incompetency from the overuse of superlatives. As a new entrepreneur, do not be tempted to over-promise to get the interests of investors.

The concept of entrepreneurship centers on risks, nothing is certain when you make future analyses. What separates the best is the ability to do careful research and work towards achieving that, not promising more than you can achieve.

To make an excellent first impression as an entrepreneur, replace superlatives with compelling data-driven content. In this way, you are more specific than someone promising a huge ROI from an investment.

4. Keep it Simple and Short

When writing business plans, ensure you keep them simple throughout. Irrespective of the purpose of the business plan, your goal is to convince the audience.

One way to achieve this goal is to make them understand your proposal. Therefore, it would be best if you avoid the use of complex grammar to express yourself. It would be a huge turn-off if the people you want to convince are not familiar with your use of words.

Another thing to note is the length of your business plan. It would be best if you made it as brief as possible.

You hardly see investors or agencies that read through an extremely long document. In that case, if your first few pages can’t convince them, then you have lost it. The more pages you write, the higher the chances of you derailing from the essential contents.

To ensure your business plan has a high conversion rate, you need to dispose of every unnecessary information. For example, if you have a strategy that you are not sure of, it would be best to leave it out of the plan.

5. Make an Outline and Follow Through

A perfect business plan must have touched every part needed to convince the audience. Business owners get easily tempted to concentrate more on their products than on other sections. Doing this can be detrimental to the efficiency of the business plan.

For example, imagine you talking about a product but omitting or providing very little information about the target audience. You will leave your clients confused.

To ensure that your business plan communicates your full business model to readers, you have to input all the necessary information in it. One of the best ways to achieve this is to design a structure and stick to it.

This structure is what guides you throughout the writing. To make your work easier, you can assign an estimated word count or page limit to every section to avoid making it too bulky for easy reading. As a guide, the necessary things your business plan must contain are:

• Table of contents
• Introduction
• Product or service description
• Target audience
• Market size
• Competition analysis
• Financial projections

Some specific businesses can include some other essential sections, but these are the key sections that must be in every business plan.

6. Ask a Professional to Proofread

When writing a business plan, you must tie all loose ends to get a perfect result. When you are done with writing, call a professional to go through the document for you. You are bound to make mistakes, and the way to correct them is to get external help.

You should get a professional in your field who can relate to every section of your business plan. It would be easier for the professional to notice the inner flaws in the document than an editor with no knowledge of your business.

In addition to getting a professional to proofread, get an editor to proofread and edit your document. The editor will help you identify grammatical errors, spelling mistakes, and inappropriate writing styles.

Writing a business plan can be daunting, but you can surmount that obstacle and get the best out of it with these tips.

Business Plan Examples and Templates That’ll Save You Tons of Time

1. hubspot's one-page business plan.

The one-page business plan template by HubSpot is the perfect guide for businesses of any size, irrespective of their business strategy. Although the template is condensed into a page, your final business plan should not be a page long! The template is designed to ask helpful questions that can help you develop your business plan.

Hubspot’s one-page business plan template is divided into nine fields:

• Business opportunity
• Company description
• Industry analysis
• Target market
• Implementation timeline
• Marketing plan
• Financial summary
• Funding required

2. Bplan’s Free Business Plan Template

Bplans' free business plan template is investor-approved. It is a rich template used by prestigious educational institutions such as Babson College and Princeton University to teach entrepreneurs how to create a business plan.

The template has six sections: the executive summary, opportunity, execution, company, financial plan, and appendix. There is a step-by-step guide for writing every little detail in the business plan. Follow the instructions each step of the way and you will create a business plan that impresses investors or lenders easily.

3. HubSpot's Downloadable Business Plan Template

HubSpot’s downloadable business plan template is a more comprehensive option compared to the one-page business template by HubSpot. This free and downloadable business plan template is designed for entrepreneurs.

The template is a comprehensive guide and checklist for business owners just starting their businesses. It tells you everything you need to fill in each section of the business plan and how to do it.

There are nine sections in this business plan template: an executive summary, company and business description, product and services line, market analysis, marketing plan, sales plan, legal notes, financial considerations, and appendix.

4. Business Plan by My Own Business Institute

My Own Business Institute (MOBI) which is a part of Santa Clara University's Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship offers a free business plan template. You can either copy the free business template from the link provided above or download it as a Word document.

The comprehensive template consists of a whopping 15 sections.

• The Business Profile
• The Vision and the People
• Home-Based Business and Freelance Business Opportunities
• Organization
• Licenses and Permits
• Business Insurance
• Communication Tools
• Acquisitions
• Location and Leasing
• Accounting and Cash Flow
• Opening and Marketing
• Managing Employees
• Expanding and Handling Problems

There are lots of helpful tips on how to fill each section in the free business plan template by MOBI.

5. Score's Business Plan Template for Startups

Score is an American nonprofit organization that helps entrepreneurs build successful companies. This business plan template for startups by Score is available for free download. The business plan template asks a whooping 150 generic questions that help entrepreneurs from different fields to set up the perfect business plan.

The business plan template for startups contains clear instructions and worksheets, all you have to do is answer the questions and fill the worksheets.

There are nine sections in the business plan template: executive summary, company description, products and services, marketing plan, operational plan, management and organization, startup expenses and capitalization, financial plan, and appendices.

The ‘refining the plan’ resource contains instructions that help you modify your business plan to suit your specific needs, industry, and target audience. After you have completed Score’s business plan template, you can work with a SCORE mentor for expert advice in business planning.

6. Minimalist Architecture Business Plan Template by Venngage

The minimalist architecture business plan template is a simple template by Venngage that you can customize to suit your business needs .

There are five sections in the template: an executive summary, statement of problem, approach and methodology, qualifications, and schedule and benchmark. The business plan template has instructions that guide users on what to fill in each section.

7. Small Business Administration Free Business Plan Template

The Small Business Administration (SBA) offers two free business plan templates, filled with practical real-life examples that you can model to create your business plan. Both free business plan templates are written by fictional business owners: Rebecca who owns a consulting firm, and Andrew who owns a toy company.

There are five sections in the two SBA’s free business plan templates.

• Executive Summary
• Company Description
• Service Line
• Marketing and Sales

8. The $100 Startup's One-Page Business Plan

The one-page business plan by the $100 startup is a simple business plan template for entrepreneurs who do not want to create a long and complicated plan . You can include more details in the appendices for funders who want more information beyond what you can put in the one-page business plan.

There are five sections in the one-page business plan such as overview, ka-ching, hustling, success, and obstacles or challenges or open questions. You can answer all the questions using one or two sentences.

9. PandaDoc’s Free Business Plan Template

The free business plan template by PandaDoc is a comprehensive 15-page document that describes the information you should include in every section.

There are 11 sections in PandaDoc’s free business plan template.

• Executive summary
• Business description
• Products and services
• Operations plan
• Management organization
• Financial plan
• Conclusion / Call to action
• Confidentiality statement

You have to sign up for its 14-day free trial to access the template. You will find different business plan templates on PandaDoc once you sign up (including templates for general businesses and specific businesses such as bakeries, startups, restaurants, salons, hotels, and coffee shops)

PandaDoc allows you to customize its business plan templates to fit the needs of your business. After editing the template, you can send it to interested parties and track opens and views through PandaDoc.

10. Invoiceberry Templates for Word, Open Office, Excel, or PPT

InvoiceBerry is a U.K based online invoicing and tracking platform that offers free business plan templates in .docx, .odt, .xlsx, and .pptx formats for freelancers and small businesses.

Before you can download the free business plan template, it will ask you to give it your email address. After you complete the little task, it will send the download link to your inbox for you to download. It also provides a business plan checklist in .xlsx file format that ensures you add the right information to the business plan.

Alternatives to the Traditional Business Plan

A business plan is very important in mapping out how one expects their business to grow over a set number of years, particularly when they need external investment in their business. However, many investors do not have the time to watch you present your business plan. It is a long and boring read.

Luckily, there are three alternatives to the traditional business plan (the Business Model Canvas, Lean Canvas, and Startup Pitch Deck). These alternatives are less laborious and easier and quicker to present to investors.

Business Model Canvas (BMC)

The business model canvas is a business tool used to present all the important components of setting up a business, such as customers, route to market, value proposition, and finance in a single sheet. It provides a very focused blueprint that defines your business initially which you can later expand on if needed.

The sheet is divided mainly into company, industry, and consumer models that are interconnected in how they find problems and proffer solutions.

Segments of the Business Model Canvas

The business model canvas was developed by founder Alexander Osterwalder to answer important business questions. It contains nine segments.

• Key Partners: Who will be occupying important executive positions in your business? What do they bring to the table? Will there be a third party involved with the company?
• Key Activities: What important activities will production entail? What activities will be carried out to ensure the smooth running of the company?
• The Product’s Value Propositions: What does your product do? How will it be different from other products?
• Customer Segments: What demography of consumers are you targeting? What are the habits of these consumers? Who are the MVPs of your target consumers?
• Customer Relationships: How will the team support and work with its customer base? How do you intend to build and maintain trust with the customer?
• Key Resources: What type of personnel and tools will be needed? What size of the budget will they need access to?
• Channels: How do you plan to create awareness of your products? How do you intend to transport your product to the customer?
• Cost Structure: What is the estimated cost of production? How much will distribution cost?
• Revenue Streams: For what value are customers willing to pay? How do they prefer to pay for the product? Are there any external revenues attached apart from the main source? How do the revenue streams contribute to the overall revenue?

Lean Canvas

The lean canvas is a problem-oriented alternative to the standard business model canvas. It was proposed by Ash Maurya, creator of Lean Stack as a development of the business model generation. It uses a more problem-focused approach and it majorly targets entrepreneurs and startup businesses.

Lean Canvas uses the same 9 blocks concept as the business model canvas, however, they have been modified slightly to suit the needs and purpose of a small startup. The key partners, key activities, customer relationships, and key resources are replaced by new segments which are:

• Problem: Simple and straightforward number of problems you have identified, ideally three.
• Solution: The solutions to each problem.
• Unfair Advantage: Something you possess that can't be easily bought or replicated.
• Key Metrics: Important numbers that will tell how your business is doing.

Startup Pitch Deck

While the business model canvas compresses into a factual sheet, startup pitch decks expand flamboyantly.

Pitch decks, through slides, convey your business plan, often through graphs and images used to emphasize estimations and observations in your presentation. Entrepreneurs often use pitch decks to fully convince their target audience of their plans before discussing funding arrangements.

Considering the likelihood of it being used in a small time frame, a good startup pitch deck should ideally contain 20 slides or less to have enough time to answer questions from the audience.

Unlike the standard and lean business model canvases, a pitch deck doesn't have a set template on how to present your business plan but there are still important components to it. These components often mirror those of the business model canvas except that they are in slide form and contain more details.

Using Airbnb (one of the most successful start-ups in recent history) for reference, the important components of a good slide are listed below.

• Cover/Introduction Slide: Here, you should include your company's name and mission statement. Your mission statement should be a very catchy tagline. Also, include personal information and contact details to provide an easy link for potential investors.
• Problem Slide: This slide requires you to create a connection with the audience or the investor that you are pitching. For example in their pitch, Airbnb summarized the most important problems it would solve in three brief points – pricing of hotels, disconnection from city culture, and connection problems for local bookings.
• Solution Slide: This slide includes your core value proposition. List simple and direct solutions to the problems you have mentioned
• Customer Analysis: Here you will provide information on the customers you will be offering your service to. The identity of your customers plays an important part in fundraising as well as the long-run viability of the business.
• Market Validation: Use competitive analysis to show numbers that prove the presence of a market for your product, industry behavior in the present and the long run, as well as the percentage of the market you aim to attract. It shows that you understand your competitors and customers and convinces investors of the opportunities presented in the market.
• Business Model: Your business model is the hook of your presentation. It may vary in complexity but it should generally include a pricing system informed by your market analysis. The goal of the slide is to confirm your business model is easy to implement.
• Marketing Strategy: This slide should summarize a few customer acquisition methods that you plan to use to grow the business.
• Competitive Advantage: What this slide will do is provide information on what will set you apart and make you a more attractive option to customers. It could be the possession of technology that is not widely known in the market.
• Team Slide: Here you will give a brief description of your team. Include your key management personnel here and their specific roles in the company. Include their educational background, job history, and skillsets. Also, talk about their accomplishments in their careers so far to build investors' confidence in members of your team.
• Traction Slide: This validates the company’s business model by showing growth through early sales and support. The slide aims to reduce any lingering fears in potential investors by showing realistic periodic milestones and profit margins. It can include current sales, growth, valuable customers, pre-orders, or data from surveys outlining current consumer interest.
• Funding Slide: This slide is popularly referred to as ‘the ask'. Here you will include important details like how much is needed to get your business off the ground and how the funding will be spent to help the company reach its goals.
• Appendix Slides: Your pitch deck appendix should always be included alongside a standard pitch presentation. It consists of additional slides you could not show in the pitch deck but you need to complement your presentation.

It is important to support your calculations with pictorial renditions. Infographics, such as pie charts or bar graphs, will be more effective in presenting the information than just listing numbers. For example, a six-month graph that shows rising profit margins will easily look more impressive than merely writing it.

Lastly, since a pitch deck is primarily used to secure meetings and you may be sharing your pitch with several investors, it is advisable to keep a separate public version that doesn't include financials. Only disclose the one with projections once you have secured a link with an investor.

Advantages of the Business Model Canvas, Lean Canvas, and Startup Pitch Deck over the Traditional Business Plan

• Time-Saving: Writing a detailed traditional business plan could take weeks or months. On the other hand, all three alternatives can be done in a few days or even one night of brainstorming if you have a comprehensive understanding of your business.
• Easier to Understand: Since the information presented is almost entirely factual, it puts focus on what is most important in running the business. They cut away the excess pages of fillers in a traditional business plan and allow investors to see what is driving the business and what is getting in the way.
• Easy to Update: Businesses typically present their business plans to many potential investors before they secure funding. What this means is that you may regularly have to amend your presentation to update statistics or adjust to audience-specific needs. For a traditional business plan, this could mean rewriting a whole section of your plan. For the three alternatives, updating is much easier because they are not voluminous.
• Guide for a More In-depth Business Plan: All three alternatives have the added benefit of being able to double as a sketch of your business plan if the need to create one arises in the future.

Business Plan FAQ

Business plans are important for any entrepreneur who is looking for a framework to run their company over some time or seeking external support. Although they are essential for new businesses, every company should ideally have a business plan to track their growth from time to time.  They can be used by startups seeking investments or loans to convey their business ideas or an employee to convince his boss of the feasibility of starting a new project. They can also be used by companies seeking to recruit high-profile employee targets into key positions or trying to secure partnerships with other firms.

Business plans often vary depending on your target audience, the scope, and the goals for the plan. Startup plans are the most common among the different types of business plans.  A start-up plan is used by a new business to present all the necessary information to help get the business up and running. They are usually used by entrepreneurs who are seeking funding from investors or bank loans. The established company alternative to a start-up plan is a feasibility plan. A feasibility plan is often used by an established company looking for new business opportunities. They are used to show the upsides of creating a new product for a consumer base. Because the audience is usually company people, it requires less company analysis. The third type of business plan is the lean business plan. A lean business plan is a brief, straight-to-the-point breakdown of your ideas and analysis for your business. It does not contain details of your proposal and can be written on one page. Finally, you have the what-if plan. As it implies, a what-if plan is a preparation for the worst-case scenario. You must always be prepared for the possibility of your original plan being rejected. A good what-if plan will serve as a good plan B to the original.

A good business plan has 10 key components. They include an executive plan, product analysis, desired customer base, company analysis, industry analysis, marketing strategy, sales strategy, financial projection, funding, and appendix. Executive Plan Your business should begin with your executive plan. An executive plan will provide early insight into what you are planning to achieve with your business. It should include your mission statement and highlight some of the important points which you will explain later. Product Analysis The next component of your business plan is your product analysis. A key part of this section is explaining the type of item or service you are going to offer as well as the market problems your product will solve. Desired Consumer Base Your product analysis should be supplemented with a detailed breakdown of your desired consumer base. Investors are always interested in knowing the economic power of your market as well as potential MVP customers. Company Analysis The next component of your business plan is your company analysis. Here, you explain how you want to run your business. It will include your operational strategy, an insight into the workforce needed to keep the company running, and important executive positions. It will also provide a calculation of expected operational costs.  Industry Analysis A good business plan should also contain well laid out industry analysis. It is important to convince potential investors you know the companies you will be competing with, as well as your plans to gain an edge on the competition. Marketing Strategy Your business plan should also include your marketing strategy. This is how you intend to spread awareness of your product. It should include a detailed explanation of the company brand as well as your advertising methods. Sales Strategy Your sales strategy comes after the market strategy. Here you give an overview of your company's pricing strategy and how you aim to maximize profits. You can also explain how your prices will adapt to market behaviors. Financial Projection The financial projection is the next component of your business plan. It explains your company's expected running cost and revenue earned during the tenure of the business plan. Financial projection gives a clear idea of how your company will develop in the future. Funding The next component of your business plan is funding. You have to detail how much external investment you need to get your business idea off the ground here. Appendix The last component of your plan is the appendix. This is where you put licenses, graphs, or key information that does not fit in any of the other components.

The business model canvas is a business management tool used to quickly define your business idea and model. It is often used when investors need you to pitch your business idea during a brief window.

A pitch deck is similar to a business model canvas except that it makes use of slides in its presentation. A pitch is not primarily used to secure funding, rather its main purpose is to entice potential investors by selling a very optimistic outlook on the business.

Business plan competitions help you evaluate the strength of your business plan. By participating in business plan competitions, you are improving your experience. The experience provides you with a degree of validation while practicing important skills. The main motivation for entering into the competitions is often to secure funding by finishing in podium positions. There is also the chance that you may catch the eye of a casual observer outside of the competition. These competitions also provide good networking opportunities. You could meet mentors who will take a keen interest in guiding you in your business journey. You also have the opportunity to meet other entrepreneurs whose ideas can complement yours.

Exlore Further

• 12 Key Elements of a Business Plan (Top Components Explained)
• 13 Sources of Business Finance For Companies & Sole Traders
• 5 Common Types of Business Structures (+ Pros & Cons)
• How to Buy a Business in 8 Steps (+ Due Diligence Checklist)

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Martin luenendonk.

Martin loves entrepreneurship and has helped dozens of entrepreneurs by validating the business idea, finding scalable customer acquisition channels, and building a data-driven organization. During his time working in investment banking, tech startups, and industry-leading companies he gained extensive knowledge in using different software tools to optimize business processes.

This insights and his love for researching SaaS products enables him to provide in-depth, fact-based software reviews to enable software buyers make better decisions.

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Brewery Business Plan

Start your own brewery business plan

Sedibeng Breweries

Executive summary executive summary is a brief introduction to your business plan. it describes your business, the problem that it solves, your target market, and financial highlights.">.

Sedibeng Breweries is a medium-scale brewery that is located in the growing industrial centre of Selebi Phikwe, Botswana. This is a relatively new business in its start-up phase having been incorporated recently.

We are on the brink of penetrating a lucrative market in a rapidly-growing economy. The current trend towards an increase in the number of entrepreneurs and competition amongst existing companies presents an opportunity for Sedibeng Breweries to penetrate the market. Our products will be positioned very carefully. They will be of extremely high quality to ensure customer satisfaction, supported by impeccable service to our customers. Our primary goal will be to establish and strengthen our license to trade, which will be bestowed by the communities in which we function. As Sedibeng Breweries prospers and grows, these communities will continue to benefit from both the value created by Sedibeng Breweries and its behavior as a corporate citizen.

Initial plans are to produce three main lines of products primarily focusing on X, Y, and Z beer (which comes in different flavors: B, P, C and S). These products will be sold in different sized containers ranging from the 250 ml ginger beer to the 500 ml traditional beer. These products shall be extensively distributed to remote, yet extremely viable areas where the market is appreciative of readily available, good quality brew.

To prosper there is need for Sedibeng to be flexible and responsive, to delight customers by providing them with what they want, when they want it and before the competition. From product concept to goods dispatch we intend to ensure that every policy and procedure, system and process must have the objective of improving the flexibility and response of the whole company. There is a need for interaction between all functional areas, particularly between marketing and manufacturing, if the organization is to realize its full potential, with manufacturing being employed as a strategic weapon.

Our marketing strategy will be based mainly on ensuring customers know what need the product(s) is able to fulfill, and making the right product and information available to the right target customer. Hence we intend to implement a market penetration strategy that will ensure that we are well known and respected in our respective industry. We will ensure that our products’ prices take into consideration people’s budgets, and that these people appreciate the product(s) and know that it exists, including where to find it. However these prices will also take into consideration the cost of production and distribution so as to ensure that we remain viable and operational. The marketing effort will convey the sense of quality and satisfaction in every picture, every promotion, and every publication. Our promotional strategy will involve integrating advertising, events, personal selling, public relations and direct marketing. In the long term Internet marketing shall also be undertaken, details of which are provided in the marketing section of the following plan.

Our target markets will primarily constitute the corporate and working class who appreciate good quality traditional beer. The working class will range from the miners, who constitute a large portion of the market, to administrative personnel appreciative of good quality traditional beer. The corporate or managerial segment will constitute those managers, who though aware of their image and reputation, want to put aside their ties and jackets after hours and/or on weekends to drink good traditional beer, easily accessible in the urban areas. The common bond will be the appreciation of a good-quality traditional brew able to fulfill their thirst. Sedibeng is primarily targeting a market share of 6% to attain sales of approximately $1.5 million in our initial year. Sedibeng Breweries will pride itself on its production ability, competitive prices, its high standards of quality and its adaptability to changes in the market and in the method of its practice.

It is important to recognize that we do not intend that our tangible resources alone will make us potent competitors but more so our intangibles, such as our ability to relate to consumers, management style, corporate culture and commitment. These elements will differentiate us from our competitors and contribute towards the development of a sustainable competitive advantage.

We intend to compensate our personnel well, so as to retain their invaluable expertise and to ensure job satisfaction and enrichment through delegation of authority. Our compensation will include health care, generous profit sharing, plus a minimum of three weeks vacation. As an equal opportunity employer, we respect the diversity and human rights of our people, and strive to achieve optimal productivity, while realizing each employee’s full potential. Awards will be given out to outstanding individuals, groups and plants for hard work and production so as to instill a sense of fun  and promote the maintenance of high standards. By encouraging all employees close to our customers to think tactically about what Sedibeng Breweries service offerings should be, and by having enthusiastic, capable and empowered people interacting with our customers, we build the competitive advantage of being able to meet our customers’ needs better than anyone else.

Sedibeng Breweries intends to provide the customer with more than just a traditional brew. We intend to provide a quality brew that will not only be refreshing and pleasurable, but also encourage gatherings and sharing of fun. Our customers are assured of products that have been produced using the highest quality standards.

As we grow we want to grow right. Initially pursuing organic development and expansion we intend to undertake vertical integration in the future so as to be in total control of our raw materials and goods dispatch. For example, we realizing that we have to be in constant touch with our stakeholders to ensure market knowledge at all times. This is the nature of the channels we deal with. Also, we intend to build our management team correctly. We need the right people, in the right place, at the right time if we are to ensure optimum growth. We intend to develop our team so that our people can grow as the company grows– a mutually beneficial relationship. We shall strive to attain our primary goal, which is to develop and strengthen our license to trade, bestowed by the communities in which we function. As Sedibeng Breweries prospers and grows, these communities will continue to benefit from both the value created by Sedibeng and its behavior as a corporate citizen.

1.1 Objectives

Our business strategy will revolve around the need to provide quality brew to our various target customers, in the process fully satisfying their needs. This shall be undertaken through the implementation of high quality control standards and technological innovations, as well as the recruitment of a professional production and sales team, and the production of good quality marketing material designed to cater for various kinds of customers. This marketing material shall be professionally done so as to be reflective of our intended image and reputation. We shall position ourselves as a quality manufacturer that strives to provide quench fulfillment, enjoyment, reliability and a good image. We intend to establish a good rapport with all the relevant stakeholders.

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Our objectives will revolve around the following guiding principles:

• Provision of a great work environment, treating each other with respect and dignity.
• Apply high-quality standards of excellence to all business processes.
• Develop enthusiastically-satisfied customers all of the time.
• Contribute positively to our communities and our environment.
• To continuously formalize and measure cross-functional working communication so as to ensure that the various departments work harmoniously towards attainment of company objectives.
• To instill a culture of continuous improvement in beating standards of customer satisfaction and efficiency.
• Fully commit to supporting growth and development in the economy.

Ultimately we intend to create a stable business platform that will create prosperity for all those involved in the business venture at all levels, and to uplift unemployed Botswanans who are prepared to participate in this venture.

1.2 Keys to Success

The keys to Sedibeng Breweries success will undoubtedly be effective market segmentation through identification of several niche markets and implementation strategies. Along these lines the company intends to implement advertising, personal selling and direct marketing strategies aimed at the target markets. Our advertising marketing strategies will rotate around.

Hence our key success factors will include the following:

Excellence in Fulfilling the Promise: We intend to produce and provide products of uncompromised quality to our customers. This is so as to meet the needs and standards of our customers. Effective and Efficient Distribution Network: The importance of such cannot be overemphasized in our line of business. We intend to establish an excellent distribution network that will enable us to rapidly respond to customers’ orders, and be available in remote areas our competitor has not yet exploited. Assembly Technology: To ensure quality brewed beverages it is essential to utilize the latest and most efficient assembly technology. Keeping abreast with technological developments will ensure we gain, and maintain, a competitive advantage utilizing the latest production techniques. Loyalty and Dedication: The loyalty and dedication of our employees shall be essential to the prosperity of the organization. We recognize that Corporate commitment to success should lead to the survival and prosperity of the products, and ultimately the organization as a whole. Marketing Know-how: In an increasingly competitive market there is need to aggressively market our business so as to be continuously at the top of our prospective and current client’s minds. Adherence to Stringent Values and Principles: Sedibeng needs to acknowledge the fact that the financial and strategic management of the business will ultimately determine its prosperity and success. Hence we intend to adhere to stringent values and principles that will enable such to be achieved.

1.3 Mission

Sedibeng Breweries intends to create a pleasant, enjoyable and sociable environment through the provision of refreshing high-quality brews. Hence we intend to assist in the creation of a welcoming and relaxed ambiance reflective of people enjoying themselves. We are sensitive to the taste, look and feel of good beer, as well as affordable prices depending on the market. We intend to provide the best possible value to our customers who care about quality products at affordable prices, and we want every dollar spent on our products to be well spent. Hence our value proposition is to sell the benefit of refreshness and enjoyment to our various consumers at reasonable prices.

Internally we intend to create and nurture a healthy, creative, respectful and enjoyable office and plant environment, in which our employees are fairly compensated and encouraged to respect the customer and the quality of the product we produce. In addition follow-up will be mandatory so as to ensure customer satisfaction and make any improvements as recommended by the customers in future. We seek a fair and responsible profit, enough to keep the company financially healthy for the short and long term, and to fairly compensate owners and investors for the money and risk.

We also intend to obtain ISO 9000 certification from the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) so that our products are internationally recognized and approved. This will assist in our penetrating the regional and international markets, intentions of which we have in future. However this will occur after we have established ourselves on the local market. The above is well summarized in our mission statement which goes as follows:

Our mission is to carefully attend to detail in the hygiene in all our brews, and to uphold superb quality at all levels of production. To satisfy all our customers and stakeholders.

Company Summary company overview ) is an overview of the most important points about your company—your history, management team, location, mission statement and legal structure.">

Sedibeng Breweries is a relatively new company providing high quality alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in the local market. Sedibeng Breweries intends to focus on the brewing process and the brewery itself. The brewery will house four stainless steel vessels whose shiny finish will be highlighted by the flood lights on the ceiling. Interested stakeholders will be able to observe the brewing process during the day and will be offered guided educational tours of the brewing facility.

It will focus initially on providing and satisfying two kinds of markets:

• Working Class: This will range from the miners who constitute a large portion of the market to administrative personnel appreciative of good quality traditional beer.

As it grows it will take on people and expand into related markets. It will also look for additional leverage by establishing relationships and representations with appropriate strategic allies.

2.1 Start-up Summary

Total start-up capital and expenses (including legal costs, logo design, stationery and related expenses) came to approximately $41,700. Start-up assets required and utilized included brewing plant and machinery, pick-ups, office furniture, personal computers and other office equipment. This figure comes to $840,000.

2.2 Company Ownership

Sedibeng Breweries is a Private Limited company incorporated at the Registrar of Companies through the foresight and vision of Mr. X and Mr. Y. Its fiscal year is the calendar year. Though it has only been in existence for seven months it realizes the potential market and opportunity for growth given implementation of the appropriate strategies, aided by the necessary finances.

2.3 Company Locations and Facilities

At present the company plants and offices are located in the growing industrial center of Selebi Phikwe, Kasane and Palaype with intentions of establishing an additional plant in Maun or Francistown, largely depending on the dictates of the market and the obtaining of a lease. Our current facilities provide offices, plants and machinery, office equipment and so on.

2.4 Company Values

This shall be undertaken through implementation of the following company values:

• Ultimately we intend to uphold all the above company values, promoting our employees and respective third parties engaged by us to do likewise.

Through promotion and implementation of the above stated company values we believe that we will be able to attain our corporate and stakeholders’ goals and objectives for the benefit of all concerned, in particular the communities in which we will operate.

Sedibeng Breweries produces and markets several products. There are three main products currently in its production line. These are:

All products are periodically taken for testing to the National Food Laboratory for quality checks so as to ensure that they conform to required quality standards.

3.1 Product Description

Sedibeng Breweries produces products of high quality and impeccable taste. The company currently produces three main lines of products, namely X beer, Y beer and Z beer. All three have unique properties that will enable them to excel on the market. We will also be watching for technological developments in South Africa and overseas, allowing us to be first on the market and produce high-quality products through cost effective means. In addition the company will select suitable products for production under license.

Our current product listing is as follows:

• Z Beer This traditional food product is widely consumed as a substitute for regular meals and energy booster, whenever available. Up to now it has only been available in two sources, namely home prepared or more commonly bought from a shop having a fridge to keep the product refrigerated.

This denies the people in rural area access to these delicious and nutritious foodstuffs. In fact, it is so wholesome that a growing child is able survive on one litter of this per day, as it contains protein, starches, calcium, vitamins and other essential trace elements. We have the ability to produce a long life Z that needs NO refrigeration, which can be sold from the shelf in the same fashion as Ultra Mel and similar products. This means that it can be bought by consumers who might not always have access to cooling or refrigeration facilities, to be consumed later, as a food whilst way from home, or as an emergency food supply. This is available in several flavors, such as x, y, w, t, s and other xx flavors that the market might want. It is also a good product to use in school feeding schemes and similar projects.

3.2 Competitive Comparison

Identifying competition in terms of companies that fill the same needs that we do, our competitors are few in our main product lines, though dominant in the market. Hence there will be a need to strongly differentiate ourselves from these other businesses. However on a broader scale our competition comes in several forms:

• On a larger scale manufacturers of other beverages including soft drinks and coffees also constitute competition, but of a generic nature, as people have to choose between them as refreshments. These products being marketed in supermarkets are often advertised on an extensive basis. To this end we intend to implement a strategy that will integrate the various promotional elements or tools such that our products are well known and appreciated on the market.

3.3 Macro-environment

Over the last few months abnormal weather has affected many parts of Southern Africa, including Botswana, during the key summer season. It has been extraordinarily severe with heavy rainfall, flooding and there definitely promises to be low temperatures, particularly in the winter season. This is likely to have an adverse effect on our initial financial performance, though marginal as consumption levels may decrease slightly.

At a large scale, market research demonstrates that the brewing industry market is growing and changing. Generally there is a trend toward more appealing and attractive brews as potential customers either are moving to the urban areas as a result of urbanization or are satisfied with an existing brew in their area. Research indicates that those in the rural areas are often satisfied with the existing brew due to lack of access to other higher-quality brews, whilst the new generation of executives being more educated and aware of the global environment wants to be seen drinking something attractive and recognized by others–status recognition. In addition this same market is not only more image conscious but appreciative of a quality brew as it is more selective. Therefore with the emergence of this generation of individuals, the appreciation of quality brews and packaging, dictates that our product lines will be popular.

3.4 Technology

Sedibeng Breweries will strive to maintain the latest and most efficient assembly technology so as to ensure quality-brewed beverages, and maintain low production costs ultimately benefiting the consumer. Keeping abreast with technological developments will ensure we gain and maintain a competitive advantage utilizing the latest production techniques.

3.5 Future Products

In putting the company together we have attempted to offer enough products to allow us to always be in demand by our customers and clients. The most important factor in developing future products is market need. Our understanding of the needs of our target market segments shall be one of our competitive advantages. It is critical to our effort to develop the right new products. We also intend to have what we call a “core product engine” that will be the foundation of future products. This shall be established in time as we determine our core product. In the future, Sedibeng Breweries will broaden its coverage by expanding into additional markets (i.e., the whole of Southern Africa) and additional product areas. In doing so we will strive to ensure that it is compatible with the existing products and assembly technology.

3.6 Fulfillment

• We will turn to reliable farmers, suppliers and distributors who will assist in ensuring that the products are delivered timely and are of the highest quality. We will also rely on these stakeholders for relevant information on the market situation (trends, consumer tastes, feelings and comments amongst other things).

SWOT Analysis SWOT analysis .">

We are in a highly lucrative market in a rapidly growing economy. We foresee our strengths as the ability to respond quickly to what the market dictates and to provide quality brew in a growing market. In addition, through aggressive marketing and quality management we intend to become a well-respected and known entity in our respective industry. Our key personnel have a wide and thorough knowledge of the local manufacturing market and expertise, which will go towards penetrating the market. However we acknowledge our weakness of a medium-sized company without a lot of experience, and the threat of new competition taking aim at our niche. Below are the summarized strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.

4.1 Strengths

• An aggressive and focused marketing campaign with clear goals and strategies.

4.2 Weaknesses

• Establishment on the Internet will produce technological challenges.

4.3 Opportunities

• Increasing number of foreign firms, especially from South Africa looking at penetrating the market.

4.4 Threats

The present growth in the market may result in market saturation, through competition. This competition could emerge from a variety of given sources including:

• Intolerable price increases by foreign suppliers may occur.

Market Analysis Summary how to do a market analysis for your business plan.">

Today we are experiencing rapid growth in the economy of unsurpassed nature. This has been brought about by (amongst other things) the relaxation of foreign exchange policies and macro economic policies geared towards attracting foreign investors into the country. The fiscal and monetary policies of the government geared towards maintaining growth with social justice have largely contributed towards this, evidenced by our economy averaging a growth rate of 7% since 1990–very high by international standards.

The current drive and emphasis by the government on diversification of the industrial base away from the minerals sector presents an opportunity for Sedibeng Breweries to make a valuable contribution towards achieving this goal. This will result in implementation of modern production techniques and transfer of knowledge. Having undertaken a thorough and comprehensive research of the market we realized that there was a need for a manufacturer that focuses on producing affordable thirst quenching brew tailored to satisfying client’s needs. Though there are breweries currently on the market, some of whom have been in existence for a relatively long period of time, we believe that there is a market need for one (ourselves in this instance) that particularly focuses on the low to medium earning individuals. We intend to provide products of extremely high quality–something that cannot be over-emphasized in the international arena with the current drive towards globalization. The marketing mix of the products has been carefully and strategically put together to position them in the market.

Aware of the fact that we will be operating in a predominantly monopolistic market structure we intend to ensure that our marketing strategies are considerate of the importance of the fit between our products capabilities and benefits, and the target market, so as to develop a strong sustainable competitive position in the market. As a result we intend to implement a niche marketing strategy, focusing on certain target markets, particularly in view of XX Breweries dominance on the market. Our initial overall target market share shall be 6% of the local market. This share will vary with the actual products, with ginger beer having a larger share than traditional beer due to its uniqueness.

We appreciate that entering such a market is not a bed of roses, particularly as it is monopolistic. Hence we intend to implement an aggressive marketing strategy, well supported by the other business functions. The above prognosis influenced our decision to enter the brewing industry.

5.1 Market Segmentation

Sedibeng Breweries will be focusing on the corporate and working class who appreciate good quality traditional beer. The working class will range from the miners who constitute a large portion of the market, to administrative personnel appreciative of good quality traditional beer. The corporate or managerial segment will constitute those managers who though aware of their image and reputation, want to put aside their ties and jackets after hours and/or on weekends to drink good traditional beer, easily accessible in the urban areas.

Our most important group of potential customers are those in the rural areas who often converge after hours to socialize and update one another on local news. These are potential customers who want to have an enjoyable time whilst drinking a good refreshing beverage. They do not want to waste their time making their own brew, but appreciate a good quality brew at a reasonable price.

We also intend to appeal to the foreign and local tourists who would be looking at experiencing traditional foods and drinks, a change from the usual beverages they often have.

5.2 Target Market Segment Strategy

Our marketing strategy will be based mainly on making the right product available to the right target customer. We will ensure that our products’ prices take into consideration peoples’ budgets, and that these people appreciate the product and know that it exists, including where to find it. The marketing will convey the sense of quality in every picture, every promotion, and every publication. There is already a sense of segment strategy in the way we define our target market. We are choosing to compete in areas that lend themselves to local competition, service and channel areas that match our strengths, and avoid our weaknesses.

Our strategy calls for the development of relationships with suppliers, distributors and retailers to support our business. Regular visits will be undertaken to these areas so as to ensure that we are meeting their expectations.

5.2.1 Market Trends

Our target markets are increasingly growing towards recognizing the difference between poor quality brews and those of high quality. This development is an important trend for us as it represents our target market. We now are having an increasing number of people who appreciate the traditional brews whilst living in the urban areas. With this in mind we intend to ensure that our packaging is respectable and attractive.

Today’s extremely stressful work environment dictates that individuals consume healthy drinks especially in the summer season, this presents an opportunity that we may exploit, marketing the health aspect of our beverages.

5.2.2 Market Growth

Import statistics provide a reliable guide as to the size of the brewing industry. According to the Trade Department, the market has been growing at a steady rate of 7% per annum although it is projected to increase slightly in 1999 and 2000.  According to the most recent Trade Department import statistics for beer and wine, total beer and wine imports stood at 10,421,968 liters ($14,473,000) in 1998 whilst total exports stood at 864,668 liters ($281,363) in the same year. This brought about a total market size estimated at just over 11,286,636 liters in 1998. Specifically, imports for traditional beer stood at 310,627 liters in 1998 which represented an increase of approximately 32.56% from the previous year (1997). In 1997 these imports had risen by approximately 66.14%.

5.2.3 Market Needs

Sedibeng Breweries will set out to provide good quality products that will help instill a jovial environment. Sedibeng Breweries intends to provide the customer with more than a drink to quench one’s thirst. We intend to provide a quality brew that not only quenches one’s thirst but enables one to enjoy themselves and be proud of it. The quality of raw materials and assembly technology evident in our products will serve to enhance the appearance of our customers, in turn adding to their status. The large market is due to the fact that opaque beer is traditional beer for most Botswana. It is consumed for social, ritual and ceremonial purposes and hence appeals to a vast majority of the rural population in particular.

5.3 Industry Analysis

Industry analysis information is presented in the following subtopics.

5.3.1 Competition and Buying Patterns

The key element in purchase decisions made at the Sedibeng Breweries customer level is the availability of an affordable, thirst-quenching product of good quality. The most important factor in this market is the distribution network. This is particularly so considering the good distribution network that XX Breweries Limited has in place enabling them to produce products that are constantly in demand throughout the country.

5.3.2 Main Competitors

Being in a predominantly monopolistic market structure, competition in the brewery manufacturing market as a whole is not that intense (in terms of numbers) at the current time due to the dominance of XX Breweries Limited, which has been on the market for a relatively long period of time. Cognisance should also be taken of home brewers who represent competition on our intended market. However upon closer research we identified several niches in the market that we may exploit, not wanting to confront XX Breweries one-on-one.

In general, our competition will be stiff, as we intend to penetrate the low to medium earning customer. At the same time we shall be differentiating ourselves from XX Breweries. We intend to market ourselves in such a way that with time competitor customers will choose our products over competitors’ on the basis of our higher quality, thirst-quenching brews. We shall now provide a more thorough outline of our main competitors in the same strategic group as ourselves, including their strengths and weaknesses.

XX Breweries Limited and ZZ Breweries – T Brewery Holdings

Arguably the largest and most reputable manufacturer, supplier and marketer of alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages in the country, XX Breweries has been on the market for a considerable period of time now. Part of the large and extremely reputable conglomerate, YY Breweries International, XX Breweries is currently the dominant domestic producers of beer, sorghum and Coca-Cola products in the country, with an overall market share of more than 95%. XX Breweries is able to take advantage of the financial, managerial and technical clout that it has through YY Breweries International. Due to its size it enjoys an economy of scale and thus the competitive advantage of being able to offer low priced beverages in large quantities to its target markets. YY Breweries International Africa enjoys strong cash flows in the form of royalty payments, management fees and dividends from its Botswana operations due to its dominance.

One of XX Breweries’ main products is S traditional beer, which will be one of our main competitor products. S is currently mass marketed in the whole of Botswana and is popular amongst the rural and town folk. It is also present in the regional countries, including Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique, with current intentions of going beyond these borders. This is mainly because it is in its maturity stage and these efforts of going international are meant to extend its product life. However a frailty of S is that the product does not maintain freshness for a long period, which is debilitating when its intentions are export. Hence Sedibeng intends to take advantage of this weakness.

XX Breweries In Botswana

Recent financial results from T Brewery Holdings indicate that the organization as a whole has continued to perform exceptionally well on the back of a buoyant Botswana economy. Turnover grew by 42% whilst operating profit is up 60% from $21.5 million to $34.5 million. For the 12 months to 31 March 2000, volume growth exceeded non-mining GDP growth by more than 2%, resulting in turnover growth of 12%. According to the audited results, higher volumes and turnover coupled with greater productivity and stringent cost controls translated into excellent earnings growth. With this in mind we strongly believe that there is an extremely lucrative market we may exploit.

Strategy and Implementation Summary

Our marketing strategy emphasizes focus. This will be the key. We are a relatively new company and hence must focus on certain kinds of products with certain kinds of consumers. Initially Sedibeng Breweries will focus on the local market and in the remote and previously inaccessible areas where there is a large market for our products. Hence the form of growth that shall be initially pursued will be that of organic growth mainly due to limited resources and the need to instill confidence in our products. The target customers will include key decision-makers in the retail and supermarket chains who often order or recommend on behalf of the whole organization, the aim being to obtain an initial order and fully satisfy the customer from then on.

• We are focusing advertising on several key media.

We intend to achieve growth by creating a more enthusiastic customer culture than that of our competitors. All criteria from price competitiveness to staff attitudes are to be initially measured six-monthly, and then on a more regular basis as time goes on. The results will go down to depot level and be compared with the overall target. This form of consistent measurement of strategic goals will ensure that the organization remains focused on its goals and objectives, making any necessary adjustments where need be.

6.1 Value Proposition

Our value proposition is offering our customers refreshness and enjoyment at reasonable prices ensuring peace of both body and mind. Hence we intend to:

• Market the company.

This value proposition shall be communicated through advertisements, personal selling, sales literature and catalogues, and referrals that emphasize how the company is able to provide refreshment, enjoyment and fulfillment to the customers.

6.2 Competitive Edge

Our competitive edge will be our dominance of access to previously remote areas, customer orientation and traditional high-quality brew through stringent quality control. Although XX Breweries dominates the local market, it does not penetrate the remote areas as much as we intend to.

Though we shall be serving different market segments we intend to focus on (discussion removed for confidentiality).

6.3 Sales Strategy

We intend to focus on improving our implementation, by working on key objectives and better coordination of marketing efforts. For the short term at least, the selling process will depend on personal selling and advertising to lure and inform potential clients about the products we offer and the benefits of consuming our products. Our marketing does not intend to affect the perception of need as much as knowledge and awareness of the product categories.

6.3.1 Sales Forecast

The sales forecast monthly summary is included below. The annual sales projections are included later in the plan. It should be noted that as we become established and known on the market we project sales to increase at a faster rate than the initial year.

6.4 Marketing Strategy

One core element of our marketing strategy will be that of differentiation from our competitors. In terms of promotion, we intend to sell our company as a differentiated strategic ally, not just our products. In price, we intend to offer extremely reasonable prices in comparison to the competition and we need to be able to sustain that. Market penetration through lower prices shall be undertaken where need be, while premium pricing will be the case of the upper-end of the market.

6.4.1 Service Provision

The service aspect of Sedibeng Breweries marketing mix shall constitute an important element in delivering total quality. This is due to the high degree of exposure our competitors already have. As such we intend our customer service to be key to the retention of customers. We shall follow-up with our clients on a regular basis so as to ensure they are satisfied with our products and delivery times. This is mainly because we intend our customers not to be one-time buyers but regular order seekers. The establishment of a rapport and understanding between our customers and ourselves is going to be an ongoing processes.

We intend to implement database marketing whereby we shall be targeting customers based on their previous purchases, in terms of size, frequency and actual products, so as to forecast their demands and establish long beneficial relationships. Customer service shall be enhanced through infrastructure support in the form of merchandising and credit facilities, and alternative distribution facilities where possible and viable.

6.4.2 Pricing Strategy

Initially our prices will not be under our control but dictated by the market conditions prevailing at the particular time. This is particularly so in the case of products which are also produced by our competitors, as they are often representing a scale for consumers. However we realize that we must charge appropriately for the quality and work we shall be providing, in addition to the distribution of the products. Hence we intend the price will accommodate the mark ups prevailing in the industry, as well as our own costs. To be competitive in the market we intend to offer discounts to customers making bulk orders, which are in competition with the industry. This will also assist in the establishment of customer loyalty. Hence our prices shall be as follows: (discussion removed for confidentiality).

We intend our income structure to match our cost structure, so as to ensure that the salaries we pay to assure good workmanship is balanced by the price we charge. We will make sure that we charge for the product, workmanship and delivery with our aim being to achieve a gross profit margin of at least 30% in our initial years of operation. All in all we intend our prices to be extremely competitive on the market.

6.4.3 Promotion Strategy

Our promotion strategy will be based primarily on informing potential customers of our existence and making the right information available to our target customer. Since we shall be targeting different segments, the promotional tools and messages may vary slightly to match the intended market. However in all cases the marketing will convey the sense of quality, refreshness and health in every picture, every promotion and every publication. Promotional campaigns will seek to promote the ‘sharing aspect’ of the beer, customers drinking these products in groups. Our promotional activities shall be focused towards driving the organization’s overall strategy relentlessly, developing internal consistency and prepare it to confront any radical changes that may arise. In such a market we cannot afford to appear in, or produce, second-rate material that make our products look less than they are. We intend to leverage our presence using quality brochures and other sales literature, including promotional material such as pens, complimentary slips and stickers. Due to the fact that our products are in the introductory phase on the market, promotional expenses are high in order to generate customer attention and knowledge of our products existence.

We intend to spread the word about our business through the following:

Advertising

In view of the fact that we are entering a market largely dominated by XX Breweries Limited which has an approximate market share of approximately 95% (as previously discussed) we intend to undertake extensive advertising of our products in addition to our brand name–company name. This is so as to instill awareness and knowledge of our existence in the market place, which hopefully shall convert into market share. Hence the need to ensure that our products are constantly available to our target market, and of consistent high quality. Whilst we are committed to providing products of uncompromising quality to meet the needs and expectations, the company believes its products should be advertised and promoted in an honest and ethical manner that respects the values of our consumers’ societies. Examples include the Boccim Business Directory which will require us being members of Boccim, Botswana–a review of commerce and industry, Contacts Botswana, and other telephone directories. A constant look out will also be made of any special editions in the local newspapers, which may provide an opportunity to advertise.

These are increasingly becoming important as more firms establish in the country and hence the need to be known. The organization aims to participate in trade shows and quality taste tests. Not only will these increase awareness of the products, but if a particular product were to gain recognition, for example through being chosen #1 at a taste test, the organization will be able to take advantage of this in all its promotional campaigns, adding leverage to its reputation and image. Undoubtedly this would add confidence and pride in our staff complement as their hard work would be recognized often at the highest levels. Communicating such achievements often gives customers a feeling that they can rely on the product, and this builds strong customer loyalty. An example of a trade show we intend to participate at is BITEC. The aim of this exhibition is to provide a conducive environment for companies to display their products in a specialized exhibition. The exchange of technologies, ideas, and contacts will serve as a fertile ground for the blooming of healthy trade relationships and partnerships.

We also intend to participate at the Botswana International Trade Fair (BITF) in August so as to expose our business to potential customers and suppliers. Such fairs serve as important eye openers for both potential customers and ourselves. With time it shall be necessary for us to participate in regional trade shows and fairs such as the South African Exhibition Show so as to gain awareness and ultimately orders from outside the country.

Public Relations

Recognizing that we are relatively new on the market there will be a need to organize an event, of grandeur nature, introducing ourselves onto the market. At this we intend to invite potential customers, senior officials, including the Minister of Industry and Commerce, and other stakeholders so as to penetrate the market. In collaboration with this we also intend to place news stories and features in magazines and newspapers to keep stakeholders updated on the latest developments and to increase awareness. We also plan to have a major festival initially in Selebi Phikwe, appropriately named, that maintains and promotes Botswana culture. This will assist in the recognition and appreciation of our company in the surrounding community especially. Our efforts on community service will show that the company has its community at heart, contributing towards the establishment of a good and reputable image. Homes for the under privileged will be also be built in the medium, to long term as we plough back into the society we operate in. In addition we intend to pursue educational sponsorship for the less advantaged but promising young individuals in the community. This will constitute some of our corporate social responsibility details of which are provided in the respective section.

We also intend to experiment with a road show in the various often-neglected remote areas giving out caps, bags, and other such prizes to individuals who answer questions correctly. This will also enable our business name and products to be better known by the respective communities. However we are extremely confident that these road shows if well planned will be a success as they encourage community participation. Brewery tours shall also be arranged with interested stakeholders including school children and college students. This is so as to increase awareness of our facilities and products and also showing confidence in our production process and standards. Hopefully visitors will leave impressed and confident in our products, adding to the possibility of positive referrals. These same tours will also be arranged with prospective clients/order-takers.

Still in the infancy idea stage we have in mind the hosting of a ‘fest’ whereby guzzlers of our brews as well as first-timers are encouraged to drink as much as possible whilst enjoying themselves. This is likely to be held in the hottest month of the year (October) when people are often extremely thirsty. Hence the name ‘October fest’ might be appropriate. Proceeds of such festivities are to be donated to charities.

Personal Selling

This shall be undertaken in the form of sales calls whereby a sales person will go out to potential customers and distributors informing them what products we are able to offer them. In addition the sales person will listen to client’s needs at close hand, so as to ensure that the product is delivered timely and that it is the right product as demanded by the surrounding community. Close analysis shall also be undertaken of the consumption patterns of the respective communities, that is whether they prefer larger or smaller containers. This will ensure that our products are customized as much as possible to the surrounding community’s needs and wants. In cases where there is the opportunity of obtaining a large order it may be necessary for the top management to go out personally, especially considering the fact that we are still a relatively new firm in the market.

Direct Marketing

This will be used, but only to a limited extent, in the form of telemarketing and informing potential customers and obtaining referrals where possible. In the case of telemarketing it will involve our targeting potential customers/distributors of our products and informing them of our existence and the products we offer. We may then arrange for an appointment with the respective decision-maker/order-maker, with the intention being to lure them into ordering one or more of our product lines.

Internet Marketing

The increasing growth of the Internet as an information source provides an opportunity that we may exploit. This is particularly so in view of the increasing investment and global trade amongst countries, as both large and small organizations look at obtaining the best deal possible. More often than not these organizations will seek out potential clients over the Internet due to the cost of transport and accommodation, apart from the obvious time factor, which is increasingly becoming of importance in view of the dynamic environment. However this will require adequate planning and research so as to establish a professionally done website. This will mainly serve foreign customers and other stakeholders including potential investors.

In all the above we intend to communicate our ability to manufacture good quality brews that will satisfy the customers needs. Hence our messages will influence the buying decision of prospective customers and distributors by emphasizing our unique selling proposition, and persuade prospective buyers that we are different from our competitors. All the above promotional tools shall be well integrated and utilized in tandem so as to maximize their effect.

6.4.4 Distribution Strategy

We believe that through our obsession for improvement, and commitment to a leadership position in our respective markets, we can overcome the traditionally binding constraints of resource base, firm size and narrow conceptualization of our business domain. This shall be undertaken through coordination and logical integration of our distribution operations. We aim to reduce cycle time for key processes, eliminate rework and waste, and optimize our human resources utilization. To attain low lead-times we intend to (discussion removed for confidentiality).

Trade Channels:

• Retail Distribution Channels (discussion removed for confidentiality).

We intend to ensure that our breweries are located close to our major distribution centers not only to minimize costs but also to enable our products to be easily available, in the best condition, in the different markets nationwide. By engaging and establishing good relationships with shebeen owners we intend our products to be readily available to our target market. In terms of actual delivery for every vehicle the daily fuel used, kilometers driven, repairs and maintenance costs must be recorded and compared with the set standard. (Discussion removed for confidentiality.)

6.4.5 Product Marketing

Our product marketing will emphasize the benefits of consuming our products, including refreshment and enjoyment of top-quality brews. We intend to sell the opportunity to enjoy oneself amongst friends, family and/or colleagues. This will come out in our advertising, delivery and collateral such as sales literature and business cards. Our product marketing’s most important challenge will be the problem of being accepted and appreciated on the market as a provider of quality products. Hence we intend to not only meet customers’ expectations but to exceed them, initially targeting a market share of 6%.

We intend to focus on the individual or group who want to enjoy themselves through the consumption and sharing of refreshing healthy beverages. However, not wanting to limit our horizons in the initial period, we intend to be continually looking out for opportunities that we may exploit. In all cases we intend to provide a thorough understanding and appreciation of the products to the customer and the benefits of consuming them.

6.4.6 Product Packaging

Our product packaging shall be of utmost importance, as it will definitely influence our potential customers on whether to try out our products or not. As such we shall ensure that it is not only attractive to consumers but also hygienic. As time progresses we intend to have packaging that enables the container to be used for other purposes after beer consumption, for example keeping water and being able to be deposited to retailers, the former of which we have identified as already being done. In the medium to long term we intend our product packaging to also be recyclable and hence more environmentally friendly–a continuous improvement process. Continuous improvement on packaging will also be undertaken so as to maintain, if not improve product appeal.

Currently the products are served in X ml and Y ml packs. However depending on the dictates of the market, there might be need to introduce new product packs. Hence we intend to ensure that we are flexible if such changes are to occur. A specific example is the X ml T beer pack, which is not being produced by any of the other breweries at the moment, representing an opportunity to be realized.

6.5 Corporate Social Responsibility

Sedibeng Breweries intends to be involved in a wide range of social responsibility engagement programs to invest back into the community in which we operate. Through our social responsibility program we can assist in improving peoples lives. If we contribute to development in a sustainable way, we need to support projects that communities bring to us, rather than strictly creating our own solutions for our communities. This is because if we impose our solution and drive a project it is an artificial response, and the risk is that the project will then always ‘belong’ to us. Whenever the project comes up against a new challenge, we will be expected to fix it, and will be forced to stay in a situation where we have to look after the same few projects forever. Rather we intend to fund several projects that belong to, and will be driven by, the community and become sustainable. However, before we commit ourselves to projects we intend to ensure that skills will be transferred, communities are involved and the projects will be able to become self-sustaining. We know that we cannot address all the development needs of our society. Where we can, we assist and sometimes may form partnerships so as to increase capacity.

We intend to be involved in the following activities:

• Arts and Culture (discussion removed for confidentiality).

Production Summary

Our production system shall strive to attain service excellence in addition to manufacturing safe, quality products. This shall be undertaken through the engagement of modern production techniques using up-to-date assembly technology. This will also result in low production costs being attained by the company. We also intend to ensure that the suppliers we engage are committed and reliable so as not to let down the final consumer in terms of the quality of the product and time of delivery.

In order to improve productivity in our plants we intend to reduce waste and duplication in our breweries by streamlining administrative functions and promoting and instilling a business culture that focuses on the teamwork rather than individual productivity. By the undertaking the above we will optimize our productivity given our available resources.

7.1 Suppliers

Currently the company obtains the vast majority of its raw materials from South African suppliers. However as we are committed to fair terms of trade and promotion of local business we intend to engage local suppliers. Hence raw materials, including x and y, may be sourced from local communal and commercial farmers avoiding intermediaries so as to minimize costs, ultimately benefiting the final consumer. The major advantages of doing so being higher margins, faster payments and lower risks of payment default. Through the use of economies of scale we aim to maintain low input and production costs. This may be undertaken through (discussion removed for confidentiality).

Hence we intend to establish good rapport with all our suppliers and hence long mutually beneficial business relationships. This shall be undertaken through working closely with suppliers to ensure uninterrupted deliveries.

7.2 Receiving

Recognizing that the receiving of our raw materials is an essential element in our entire business, we intend to ensure that it is done by responsible persons who will be present during off loading to check the quantity and condition of the consignment. During the actual off loading the receiving bay personnel will mass check on at least X% of the consignment. Non-confirming raw materials in terms of quality will only be approved with the consent of the managing director who would have undertaken further analysis of it.

7.3 Storage

It shall be the policy of the company to ensure that all raw materials are stored in a secure, clean and pest free manner. Stock takes and reconciliations shall be undertaken on a regular basis, initially done at least once a week. The stock principle of First In First Out (FIFO) shall be implemented. Whenever stock is taken out it shall be recorded on a separate stock or bin card, with reconciliations of raw materials issued to the brewery, issued to production, losses, opening and closing stock taken. Should any deviations arise these must be explained.

7.4 By-Products

Sedibeng Breweries intends to utilize every resource it has to the fullest possible extent. We realize that there shall be a lot of by-products that will be produced from our production of the main product lines. However not wanting to pollute the environment, and our community at large, we plan to utilize by-products whenever possible. This will ensure that our resources are fully utilized.

Management Summary management summary will include information about who's on your team and why they're the right people for the job, as well as your future hiring plans.">

Sedibeng Breweries shall evaluate the jobs it provides, paying competitive remuneration packages against market benchmarks to employees for their agreed and set out tasks. Consonant with its efforts to create added value by employees, Sedibeng Breweries seeks to negotiate the provision of incentive pay delivery mechanisms against achievement of agreed targets relating to accomplishment in the areas of productivity enhancement, savings and other specific successes, that is, the implementation of an effective performance management system.

Hence our human resources strategy will revolve around:

• Stakeholder inclusivity.
• Maintaining preventative health and safety structures for employees and support for surrounding communities.

8.1 Management Team

The management team, mainly comprising of the shareholders, has wide expertise and broad knowledge of the products and markets, which if well planned for, will enable the business to realize its goals and objectives. Daily management will consist of Mr. B in the role of technical and operations, and Mr. G in dealing with government, corporate bodies, and public relations.

Management style will reflect the participation of the shareholders. The company intends to respect its community and treat all employees well. We will develop and nurture the company as community. We do not intend to be overly hierarchical. Management’s ongoing initiatives to drive sales, market share and productivity will provide additional impetus.

8.2 Personnel Plan

We intend to compensate our personnel well, to retain their invaluable expertise and to ensure job satisfaction and enrichment through delegation of authority. Our compensation will include health care, generous profit sharing, plus a minimum of three weeks vacation. As an equal opportunity employer, we respect the diversity and human rights of our people, and strive to achieve optimal productivity, while realizing the full potential of each employee. Awards will be given out to outstanding individuals, groups and plants for hard work and production so as to instill a sense of fun into the work and promote the maintenance of high standards. Sedibeng Breweries recognizes that our employees contribute fundamentally to the company’s long-term prosperity. We intend to enhance our capacity to attract and retain people of quality, through benefits such as housing and family education grants.

Employee health shall be of extreme importance. This is because the health of our people is an integral element of employee well-being at work and at home. Compliance with relevant legislation is a minimum target in our organization. We also intend to minimize if not totally eliminate the number of isolated incidents of intimidation in the workplace, so as to ensure that production and distribution are not materially affected and sound relationships are maintained between employee and employer and between employees as a whole.

8.3 Training

In-house training shall be continuous with regular external training being undertaken particularly following any new developments in the market. This is so as to ensure that we are continuously able to anticipate our markets needs–a proactive approach, which is so essential if we are to gain and maintain a competitive advantage. Courses on brewing will be undertaken primarily in South Africa, preferably with the established and reputable firms, such as YY Breweries. This will ensure that our personnel are exposed to the latest production techniques and are able to set their standards, or benchmark, using these organizations standards. Internal training will not only include product and technical aspects, but also expand to give much greater knowledge of customers, market trends, products, new technology aids, time management amongst other such variables. We intend to conduct health education sessions for groups and individuals on health risks in the workplace, balanced with lifestyle education and employee assistance programs that incorporate rehabilitation and counseling in a range of illnesses and social or personal problems. This is of particular importance in view of the AIDS epidemic that has grappled the country and continent as a whole to unparalleled levels.

We acknowledge the fact that successful recruiting, motivation and discipline procedures are keys to the growth of the organization. Hence we intend to promote and maintain good labor relations, strong morale and high quality work per employee.

8.4 Feedback and Control

• We will encourage our employees to put forward any suggestions they might have regarding the improvement of any of the company’s functions–an open door philosophy. Such a culture will enhance innovativeness and creativity in turn leading to job satisfaction and enrichment.

Financial Plan investor-ready personnel plan .">

We want to finance growth mainly through cash flow and equity. We recognize that this means we will have to grow more slowly than we might like.

The most important factor in our case is collection days, particularly with the bulk order customers. We can’t push our customers hard on collection days, because they are extremely sensitive and will normally judge us on our terms. Hence they tend to have a certain degree of financial authority. Therefore we need to develop a permanent system of receivables financing systems, using a well-coordinated accounting department. In turn we intend to ensure that our investors are compatible with our growth plan, management style and vision.

Compatibility in this regard means:

• Fundamental respect for giving our customers value, and for maintaining a healthy and congenial workplace.
• Respect for realistic forecasts, and conservative cash flow and financial management.
• Cash flow as first priority, growth second, profits third.
• Willingness to follow the company and contribute valuable input to strategy and implementation decisions.

9.1 Important Assumptions

The financial plan depends on important assumptions, most of which are shown in the following table as annual assumptions. The monthly assumptions are included in the appendix. From the beginning, we recognize that collection days are critical, but not a factor we can influence easily. Interest rates, tax rates, and personnel burden are based on conservative assumptions.

Some of the more important underlying assumptions are:

• We assume a strong economy, without major recession.
• We assume, of course, that there are no unforeseen changes in economic policy to make our products immediately obsolete.

9.2 Break-even Analysis

Our break-even analysis will be based on running costs, that is costs we shall incur in keeping the business running, including salaries and wages, rent, water and electricity, insurance amongst others. Hence many fixed costs shall be included in these costs. We will thus aim to ensure that our sales levels are running comfortably above break-even.

The following chart and table summarize our break-even analysis. With fixed costs of approximately $41,040 per month at the outset (a bare minimum), we need to bill approximately $93,000to cover our costs. We don’t really expect to reach break-even until several months into the business operation.

9.3 Projected Profit and Loss

Our projected profit and loss is shown on the following table, with sales increasing from more than $1,466,000 the first year to more than $1,612,000 the second, and approximately $1,806,000 in the third year. Profits are calculated to be around $152,000 before tax the first year during the start-up phase of this business. This will be representative of a net profit margin of approximately 7%, which though may not seem that impressive is relatively good for a start-up firm in our line of business. As with the break-even, we are projecting very conservatively regarding cost of sales and gross margin. Our cost of sales should be much lower, and gross margin higher, than in this projection.

9.4 Key Financial Indicators

The following benchmark chart indicates our key financial indicators for the first three years. We foresee major growth in sales and operating expenses, and a bump in our collection days as we spread the business during expansion.

Collection days are very important. We do not want to let our average collection days get above 30 under any circumstances. This could cause a serious problem with cash flow, because our working capital situation is chronically tight. However, we recognize that we cannot control this factor easily, because of the relationship with our clients.

9.5 Expense Forecast

Initial marketing expenses are relatively high as we seek to become known on the market. This will be brought about by the development of sales literature, advertising expenses, and function expenses (including lunches and dinners with interested stakeholders). As our market share increases and capital is generated, further marketing programs and the expansion of those in existence at the time will be undertaken, to ensure market development. Once these programs will start generating revenue for the business, which we shall in turn reinvest.

9.6 Projected Cash Flow

Cash flow projections are critical to our success. Detailed monthly numbers are included in the appendix. However it should be noted that they do not take into account the required capital injection.

9.7 Projected Balance Sheet

The balance sheet shows healthy growth of net worth, and strong financial position. The three-year estimates are included in the appendix.

9.8 Business Ratios

The table below shows our business ratios.

The local brewing market has been growing steadily over the last few years due to increases in people’s disposable income and opening of the economy. With this in mind we intend our marketing programs to expand accordingly. The introduction of quality catalogues and sales literature will enable Sedibeng Breweries to market to potential customers. We project sales to increase accordingly, though slightly slower as we establish a reputation for ourselves. With time, a presence on the Internet and participation in regional trade shows will be key milestones to expanding sales and marketing potentials through the utilization of new channels and identification of potential customers.

Throughout the year we intend to undertake regular evaluations of our marketing programs so as to ensure that we are in-line with our intended objectives.

In summary we intend to undertake the following:

• Saying no: Though difficult initially, we intend to be able to say no to special deals that take us away from the target focus and are unprofitable.

10.1 Contingency Planning

• Though Botswana overall is rather secure on the labor front in terms of strikes we intend to have in place a mechanism that will ensure that were this to occur the negative effects would be minimized. However further research and analysis into the above is still being undertaken.

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10.1 Production and Operations Management—An Overview

• Why is production and operations management important in both manufacturing and service firms?

Production , the creation of products and services, is an essential function in every firm. Production turns inputs, such as natural resources, raw materials, human resources, and capital, into outputs, which are products and services. This process is shown in Exhibit 10.3 . Managing this conversion process is the role of operations management .

The goal of customer satisfaction is an important part of effective production and operations. In the past, the manufacturing function in most companies was inwardly focused. Manufacturing had little contact with customers and didn’t always understand their needs and desires. In the 1980s, many U.S. industries, such as automotive, steel, and electronics, lost customers to foreign competitors because their production systems could not provide the quality customers demanded. As a result, today most American companies, both large and small, consider a focus on quality to be a central component of effective operations management.

Stronger links between marketing and manufacturing also encourage production managers to be more outwardly focused and to consider decisions in light of their effect on customer satisfaction. Service companies find that making operating decisions with customer satisfaction in mind can be a competitive advantage.

Operations managers, the people charged with managing and supervising the conversion process, play a vital role in today’s firm. They control about three-fourths of a firm’s assets, including inventories, wages, and benefits. They also work closely with other major divisions of the firm, such as marketing, finance, accounting, and human resources, to ensure that the firm produces its goods profitably and satisfies its customers. Marketing personnel help them decide which products to make or which services to offer. Accounting and human resources help them face the challenge of combining people and resources to produce high-quality goods on time and at reasonable cost. They are involved in the development and design of goods and determine what production processes will be most effective.

Production and operations management involve three main types of decisions, typically made at three different stages:

• Production planning. The first decisions facing operations managers come at the planning stage. At this stage, managers decide where, when, and how production will occur. They determine site locations and obtain the necessary resources.
• Production control. At this stage, the decision-making process focuses on controlling quality and costs, scheduling, and the actual day-to-day operations of running a factory or service facility.
• Improving production and operations . The final stage of operations management focuses on developing more efficient methods of producing the firm’s goods or services.

All three decisions are ongoing and may occur simultaneously. In the following sections, we will take a closer look at the decisions and considerations firms face in each stage of production and operations management.

Gearing Up: Production Planning

An important part of operations management is production planning . Production planning allows the firm to consider the competitive environment and its own strategic goals to find the best production methods. Good production planning has to balance goals that may conflict, such as providing high-quality service while keeping operating costs low, or keeping profits high while maintaining adequate inventories of finished products. Sometimes accomplishing all these goals is difficult.

Production planning involves three phases. Long-term planning has a time frame of three to five years. It focuses on which goods to produce, how many to produce, and where they should be produced. Medium-term planning decisions cover about two years. They concern the layout of factory or service facilities, where and how to obtain the resources needed for production, and labor issues. Short-term planning, within a one-year time frame, converts these broader goals into specific production plans and materials management strategies.

Four important decisions must be made in production planning. They involve the type of production process that will be used, site selection, facility layout, and resource planning.

Concept Check

• What are the three types of decisions that must be made in production planning?
• What are the three phases of production planning?

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Access for free at https://openstax.org/books/introduction-business/pages/1-introduction

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• Publication date: Sep 19, 2018
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Production Plan

People face failure. Not all entrepreneurs are capable of thriving to survive in this industry. Indeed, businesses fail. And that is the truth about it. But do you remember how all the plans that didn’t push through? If you do, then now is the time to correct mistakes from the past. Don’t take planning as anything. Whether in food, film, or media production, organizing your activities helps in achieving your goals. Take your time to prepare a production plan . Be guided in executing the right activity to achieve your goals. Create a structure and release the doubt. Increase your potential and start planning for the production today.

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What is a Production Plan?

Small businesses are always tangled with several challenges while starting a business. You can expect that there will be projects, events, and daily activities. A production plan is a detailed document that outlines the structure of the company’s operations. In the plan, there is a structure, schedule, goal, activities, and the definition of resources in between. It is one step closer to success at a time. So, whenever your path is uncertain, a production plan will help in opening the right direction. This is why entrepreneurs must consider rewriting their planning techniques. If you are having issues with the layout, the proper organization saves the day.

Business Production Situation

According to an article published by Forbes, 80% out of 100 small business owners guarantee success in the first year of business operation. It manifests an above-average rate of success. However, behind this curtain are failing attempts for smaller businesses to stand out. Generally, the business industry is at a 50% stake in reaching accomplishment and failure. Surprisingly, many companies today face a battle without enough capital. Sometimes, competition is thick and no weapon to defend. These are just among the factors that affect the whole organization. But, don’t thrive for the worst. You need a little encouragement to compete. Here, you must adjust your business activities, schedule, and operations. 

Generally, you need to plan. So, before you start getting back to your daily grind, let us learn more about writing down your production plan. Follow below. 

How To Create a Production Plan

If you are a manufacturing firm, it is not always easy to look into the company’s needs. There will always be lapses. And that is one thing that you should avoid. But you can do this through planning. You need your plans outlined to track the inputs of the production. That is why we help you go through it. You should understand every step by following the list below.

1. Forecast Market Demand

First things first, you need to stretch it out. To effectively plan for the future of the business, you need an estimate of the sales through market demand. How many products should you produce to meet the target demand? When should these products be released? Another way to secure this process is through current and historical information. On top of the line, there will be orders in the coming weeks. So, you need to think ahead. In general, take advantage of internal and external resources.

2. Know the Production Options Available

Here, you need to verify the tools and resources necessary to produce your products and services. Take for example, when you have a bakery business, you need to know the machines that are required to produce bread and cakes. You can start this by listing the food on the menu. Then, create a flowchart. Once these are all secured, you can already identify the resources that should be available for the business to operate. You can improve the process by having the right materials.

3. Determine the Human Resources

Aside from the equipment, you need to count how many employees you will need to operate. Of course, it is not enough to operate without the labor workers that control and monitor the production. To do this accurately, separate each team into a department. But base them according to the availability of position and equipment. Your staff should be enough to deliver and produce without delays. But aside from that, you need to weigh in your production budget. Or else, it can lead to a big commotion.

4. Monitor Plan Control

An action plan without constant monitoring is just a waste of time. Neglecting this will eventually lead to pitfalls. So, you need to measure the risk factors. This is where you compare and contrast the production process. Record a report as this helps you determine a recurring problem. Don’t let issues happen in a blink of an eye. Monitor and control while you can.

5. Make the Necessary Adjustments

For the last step, make the adjustments you intend to make with your plan. What are the challenges? Does the plan need tweaking? Production planning can be a little tricky when done wrong. Now that you have monitored and measured the risk percentage, pen down all the actions necessary. Change them according to your evaluation. Here, you should achieve a comprehensive management plan . Weigh the budget, schedule, and activities too.

How do you define a production planning procedure?

Production planning is a process that is taken during manufacturing. It details all the necessary procedures for the company to operate. It includes hiring staff, checking the resources, evaluating the results. Through this process, the production will run smoothly.

What are the essential components of production?

Production consists of various components. These are essentials to execute the manufacturing process. This includes planning, producing, scheduling, evaluating, and following ups—all of these work hand in hand for the company to deliver quality products with no delay.

What are the primary goals of the production plan?

The general objective of production planning is to secure the workflow process of a manufacturing company. As the demand goes up, it is important to ensure that all the products released are of quality.

Are you struggling to meet your daily quota? Remember, one-day unproductive results in several risks in the business. This profoundly affects your reputation, and of course, the sales. But you can change honest mistakes. While you look at the list of tips in creating a production plan, you can resume your manufacturing business and align all the plans with your objectives. Understandably, running a business is daunting and frustrating. But you will never know your potential unless you try. So, start today. Highlight your potential by outlining all the plans necessary. 

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10 Production Schedule Templates for Production Planning

Praburam Srinivasan

Growth Marketing Manager

February 13, 2024

If you’re in the business of making something—a new app, a website, or even a multimedia project—you need to carefully plan, control, and execute your production to succeed. A good production schedule helps you to deliver your goods on time while optimizing your resources. 

These blueprint plans keep everyone in the know and on track throughout every stage of the production process. These schedules specify who is responsible for each task, the completion date, and the next steps in the process .

In this guide, we’ll cover the benefits of a well-designed schedule and share 10 production schedule templates you can start using now. 🦄

What is a Production Planning Template?

Benefits of using a master production schedule template, what makes a good production planning template, 1. clickup production tracking template, 2. clickup production cost analysis template, 3. clickup daily production report template, 4. clickup manufacturing project plan template, 5. clickup manufacturing communication plan template, 6. clickup sprint planning template, 7. clickup development schedule template, 8. clickup build plan template, 9. clickup release planning template, 10. excel production schedule template by simple sheets.

A production planning template is a framework that creates a visual representation of production scheduling. The schedule establishes a production process and assigns a plan and budget, outlining the task sequence, timing, and allocation of necessary resources to create something or deliver services.

Production schedules usually include details on the production status, such as task description, start and end dates, role and responsibility assignments, and required materials for each step.

These resources are handy for optimizing workflows and minimizing obstacles that could delay production. They help project managers ensure on-time and on-budget delivery of goods and services.

A well-planned production schedule assists businesses in making intelligent, well-informed decisions and planning more efficiently. 

Using a production schedule template improves your business’s efficiency and organization while contributing to the overall success of the production process. Some of the key advantages of using a production planning template include: 

• More efficient resource allocation : A good production plan will help you allocate resources efficiently, including workforce, equipment, and materials. This helps reduce production costs and improve profitability 
• Better time management : Production schedule templates help you create clear, reasonable timelines for each task, giving teams actionable deadlines and avoiding burnout or bottlenecks. You’ll also avoid unnecessary downtime 
• Standardized processes : A production plan creates a framework for your operations and provides a consistent and replicable production process. This enhances quality control and reduces potential errors in production 
• More transparency with accountability : Production schedules allow you to assign roles and responsibilities for each task, making it clear who’s responsible for each step. This makes the process transparent and holds team members accountable for their contributions 

Some templates also allow you to run “what-if” scenarios. This helps you plan for different production scenarios and see how your team could overcome potential challenges. It’s a great way to build flexibility into your production schedule and keep things running smoothly, even when the unexpected happens. 

A good production planning template helps make your production more efficient, flexible, and cost-efficient. The template must have an organized, logical layout and be easy to use, edit, and update.

Users need to identify tasks, timelines, and resources at a glance. Suitable templates should also have space for additional information, such as task descriptions and start and end dates. Production planning templates also benefit from built-in communication aids, including notes and comments sections, which promote collaboration within the team.

Excellent production schedule templates offer dependency indications for a smooth workflow and guide resource allocation. They typically incorporate visual elements, such as Gantt charts and milestone trackers, to mark progress within the project.

The best production planning templates are the ones that help you coordinate production tasks, minimize waste, and propel you to better on-time delivery. Experiment with several templates to see what works best for your team.

10 Production Planning Schedule Templates to Use in 2024

Here are 10 versatile and efficient production planning templates to try this year.

The ClickUp Production Tracking Template offers a comprehensive solution for any organization that needs to master production management. The template seamlessly integrates with the ClickUp ecosystem, so you can use the framework to streamline production tasks while taking advantage of the platform’s robust project planning tools . 

The template allows you to meticulously map tasks, allocate resources, establish priorities, and identify dependencies by featuring an incredibly intuitive interface, complete with click-and-drag functionalities. The multiple views available let you create dynamic visualizations of the workflow to spot potential problems and remove them before they cause production issues. 

ClickUp’s commitment to collaboration shines through in this template. It offers plenty of space for feedback, notes, and comments and informs teams with real-time updates. It’s a great way to avoid any issues with missed emails or poor version management because everything your team needs to stay on track is in one centralized hub. 

Efficient production is vital for your bottom line, and the ClickUp Production Cost Analysis Template covers materials, labor, and overhead costs to help inform your decisions. You can gain insight into your production inefficiencies and forecast pricing impacts.

Product managers can leverage the template’s information to make better decisions and improve the production process. By gaining better cost visibility in your production process, you can optimize your resources and boost your long-term profitability and efficiency.

Let this template do the heavy lifting by collecting essential data and providing key actionable insights. It connects with the rest of the ClickUp platform, so it’s an excellent option if you already use the program as strategic planning software for your business. 

Production planning templates offer a high-level view of your process, but you must also know the daily details. The ClickUp Daily Production Report Template is an excellent addition to your  product development process , giving your team space to update everyone on daily events. 

Using the template within the ClickUp platform allows you to create real-time insights and progress tracking for more efficient reporting and better decision-making. 

The Daily Production Report Template offers total customization, including status, fields, and multiple view options to incorporate it with your workflow. It’s a great way to maintain oversight, provide accountability, and create transparent collaboration with your production team.

For those working specifically within the manufacturing industry, the ClickUp Manufacturing Project Plan Template will streamline the planning and organization process. The template has space for project objectives , manufacturing tasks, resource allocation, progress tracking, and more. 

Execute your projects more effectively and efficiently while optimizing your budget and resources. With careful planning and this functional template, you’ll reduce operation costs and make your production line more profitable. 

It’s a great addition to your ClickUp ecosystem and a perfect addition if you already use ClickUp as a CRM platform for manufacturers . Add this template to your current ClickUp lineup and see how it strengthens your manufacturing plans, making them faster and more cost-effective. 

Learn about the best manufacturing schedule software !

Our next free production schedule template is the ClickUp Manufacturing Communication Plan Template for better coordination and team collaboration, so you’ll avoid misunderstandings that may cause delays in the manufacturing processes.

This template helps you establish better communication paths between departments, suppliers, and stakeholders to keep information flowing and ensure everyone gets the same regular updates. Using this template, you’ll be able to document critical decisions and actions so everyone stays on the same page. 

No matter the size of your operation, this template is a must-have in your collection of  product management tools .

If your team operates on an Agile project management approach, sprint planning is a big part of your production plan. Make sprint planning more efficient with the ClickUp Sprint Planning Template . The template’s design makes it easier to plan each sprint, bringing clarity to a task regardless of complexity.

Use the platform’s many visualization features to create easy-to-read task planning and schedules because it plugs into ClickUp seamlessly. ClickUp’s collaborative features also make it easy for your team to keep the planning template current, so any project manager or team member can monitor progress throughout the sprint lifecycle and know where the team is at with every task on the list. 

Are you looking for a way to keep your development team on track? The ClickUp Development Schedule Template is the resource you need, no matter what you’re working on and what stage of development you’re in.

The template streamlines creating a schedule with visual task management, collaborative features, real-time updates, and automated reminders. This keeps your team on track with tasks and ensures they meet deliverable deadlines.

The Development Schedule Template provides stakeholders with real-time updates. It’s a great way to update them on progress so they have the information they need at any time. With everything in one central hub, they can easily check progress while allowing the development team to continue working on their tasks.

You have an idea. Now, you need a plan to build it. The ClickUp Build Plan Template helps you organize your resources, timelines, and milestones to create a comprehensive plan for making your idea a reality. 

From concept to launch, the build plan template becomes a roadmap where you can visualize tasks and progress while getting real-time updates from your team. It’s perfect for gaining clarity in each project development phase. It helps you set realistic deadlines while using internal and external resources wisely.

ClickUp’s free Build Plan Template offers plenty of customization options, including statuses, fields, and views, so you can tweak the template to suit the needs of your team. Use this template to create innovative plans for your next big idea. 

This resource also works as a film production schedule template to align all departments and partners on development!

Are you trying to plan your next big software release? Keep your team on the same page with the ClickUp Release Planning Template . This is an alternative production planning template for those within the software development business. ClickUp designed the template to help oversee the launch of new software, giving you a way to organize your release plan strategically. 

Start with plotting tasks, milestones, and dependencies to anticipate and remove potential bottlenecks. The template provides an insight into your team’s progress through each phase and helps you coach them to better performance. 

From software inception to final deployment, the template creates a central hub for release planning, making it a seamless, collaborative effort. Take control over your release cycles and make them more efficient and effective for everyone involved. 

If you’re looking for Excel templates, Simple Sheets has you covered. Its Excel Production Schedule template allows you to manage every aspect of your production process, from supply chain to operation rates, custom orders, and more.

Simple Sheets has carefully designed the spreadsheet with smart auto-population to save you from too much manual entry. Excel-savvy users can customize the spreadsheet to closely meet their team’s workflow process. 

If you opt for this template, you’ll get all the benefits of working in the Excel environment, such as analyzing data and creating helpful charts to maximize efficiencies. The template is compatible with Google Sheets, too! 

Track All the Production Activities and Resources in ClickUp

A great production schedule can be the backbone of your operation. It transforms the most complex processes into organized management steps. With a well-planned production schedule, you can oversee the timely delivery of goods and services while optimizing your resources and keeping everyone accountable for their responsibilities. 

If you’re ready to take your production planning to the next level, check out ClickUp.

This productivity platform has a vast library of free templates to help you plan and organize your next project, whether refining an old project or developing something from the ground up. You can track tasks, allocate resources, and create timelines while working in a collaborative platform that puts communication and transparency first. 

Revolutionize your production process on the ClickUp platform today!

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12.3: Production Processes

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What you’ll learn to do: describe the four main categories of production processes

Even though you may not spend a lot of time thinking about the processes used to make different products, they surround you every day. Every time you come in your front door or eat a meal or even drive your car, you interact with things that were made by combinations of job-based, batch, mass, and flow production processes: they were all produced or manufactured by someone, somewhere, and a great deal of thought and planning were needed to make them available.

Businesses know what they want to produce, but the challenge is to select a process that will maximize the productivity and efficiency of production. Senior management looks to their operations managers to inform this decision. As we examine the four major types of production processes, keep in mind that the most successful organizations are those that have their process and product aligned.

Learning Objectives

• Describe batch production
• Describe mass production

Project- or Job-Based Production

Project-based production is one-of-a-kind production in which only one unit is manufactured at a time. This type of production is often used for very large projects or for individual customers. Because the customer’s needs and preferences play such a decisive role in the final output, it’s essential for the operations manager to maintain open and frequent communication with that customer. The workers involved in this type of production are highly skilled or specialists in their field.

The following are examples of project- or job-based production:

• custom home construction

Consider the home in which you live. When the house was built, the contractor used a job process, and highly skilled workers were brought in to install the plumbing, heating, and electrical systems.

custom prints

For example, a print shop may handle a variety of projects, including newsletters, brochures, stationery, and reports. Each print job varies in quantity, type of printing process, binding, color of ink, and type of paper. A manufacturing firm that produces goods in response to customer orders is called a job shop.

Some types of service businesses also deliver customized services. Doctors, for instance, must consider the illnesses and circumstances of each individual patient before developing a customized treatment plan. Real estate agents may develop a customized service plan for each customer based on the type of house the person is selling or wants to buy.

• Unique, high quality products are made.
• Workers are often more motivated and take pride in their work.
• Products are made according to individual customer needs and improve customer satisfaction
• Production is easy to organize

Disadvantages

• Very labour intensive, so selling prices are usually higher.
• Production can take a long time and can have higher production cost, (e.g., if special materials or tools are required)

Batch Production

Batch production is a method used to produce similar items in groups, stage by stage. In batch production, the product goes through each stage of the process together before moving on to the next stage. The degree to which workers are involved in this type of production depends on the type of product. It is common for machinery to be used for the actual production and workers participate only at the beginning and end of the process.

Examples of batch production include the following:

Example \(\PageIndex{1}\)

American Leather, a Dallas-based furniture manufacturer, uses mass customization to produce couches and chairs to customer specifications within 30 days. The basic frames in the furniture are the same, but automated cutting machinery precuts the color and type of leather ordered by each customer. Using mass-production techniques, they are then added to each frame.

• Since larger numbers are made, unit costs are lower.
• Offers the customer some variety and choice.
• Materials can be bought in bulk, so they are cheap.
• Production is flexible since different batches are made
• Workers specialize in one process
• Workers are often less motivated because the work becomes repetitive.
• Initial set-up costs are high.
• Expensive to move products around the workplace.
• Storage space will be needed to store raw materials.

Mass Production

Mass production , manufacturing many identical goods at once, was a product of the Industrial Revolution. Henry Ford’s Model-T automobile is a good example of early mass production. Each car turned out by Ford’s factory was identical, right down to its color. If you wanted a car in any color except black, you were out of luck. Canned goods, over-the-counter drugs, and household appliances are other examples of goods that are mass-produced. The emphasis in mass production is on keeping manufacturing costs low by producing uniform products using repetitive and standardized processes. As products became more complicated to produce, mass production also became more complex. Automobile manufacturers, for example, must now incorporate more sophisticated electronics into their car designs. As a result, the number of assembly stations in most automobile manufacturing plants has increased.

Watch the following video on the process used to manufacture the amazing Peep. It will serve as a point of reference because it features many of the process components we will be discussing in this reading.

• Labour costs are usually lower
• Materials can be purchased in large quantities, so they are often cheaper
• Large number of goods are produced
• Unit costs are relatively low
• Machinery is very expensive to buy, so production lines are very expensive to set up.
• Workers are not very motivated, since their work is very repetitive.
• Not very flexible, as a production line is difficult to adapt.
• If one part of the line breaks, the whole production process will have to stop until it is repaired.delay the production process
• Maintenance cost are very high

Production Planning And Control: Meaning, Examples And Need

In large manufacturing operations, production planning and control are vital to maintaining the highest levels of product quality. The production…

In large manufacturing operations, production planning and control are vital to maintaining the highest levels of product quality. The production planning process is the act of developing a plan for guiding products or services through all the stages of their lifecycle.

Production planning and control is a management system that plans how and when a product should be produced or a service provided over time so that it meets customer demand while making the business profits.

Let’s inspect the production planning and control meanin g further. 

Production Planning And Control Meaning

Need of production planning and control, steps for successful production planning, production planning approaches , production planning and control example.

The production planning and control meaning is a broad one that encompasses plans for the production of all kinds of products or services. 

Here’s a simple production planning and control example : A factory produces handbags. The management plans the production of a number of bags based on demand forecasts for each design seasonally. Using the right material and resources, such as leather for each item, the bags are made in the factory. Then these are dispatched to the customer and other retailers. That entire cycle is made possible by production planning and control .

The need of production planning and control is easy to understand if we examine its key objectives: 

• Inventory, supply chain issues and on-time product delivery all hinge on a closely calibrated production schedule  
• Properly managed production and inventory helps meet demand while maximizing profits  
• A smooth production process guarantees customer satisfaction by making possible the best quality in a timely manner

Having clarified the production control and design meaning , let’s look at some use cases. 

Within an organization, there are several functions that have a need of production planning and control . Here are a few: 

Decision Making 

Production levels, resource management, cost elements, cost of operations, order fulfillment.

Unless we plan every part of the production process in advance, it’s impossible to deliver on time. Production planning is thus a core part of running a successful enterprise.

The need of production planning and control is to provide a schedule for businesses to follow to ensure all elements required for production work together. Production planning and control can be set up as a series of steps: 

Dispatching

The more accurate and tight the schedule, the less the waste and the more the profits.

Production Planning Approaches

There are two dominant approaches to production planning: control-oriented and optimization-oriented. The first attempts to control the variables in the production system, while the second attempts to maximize output. Depending on the needs of the organization, they can engineer the processes to suit their needs. Here is how different sectors approach the production planning and control meaning :

In Manufacturing

Though its use may be wider and more common in the manufacturing sector, a production plan can help in service industries too.

Here are some production planning and control example s: 

• A fast-moving consumer goods major uses production planning and control models in its supply chain to help in deciding what product or service is needed in which region based on historic data. When they met with unprecedented demand for packaged, ready-to-eat foods during the Covid-19 pandemic, they found themselves unprepared. By quickly revising the production plan, they could respond in the following quarter in this production planning and control example
• A large consumer electronics brand had a target of increasing sales of videos, gadgets, and other electronic devices. The managers had some concerns about whether they could meet the demand if the sales teams delivered. When they looked closely at existing and upcoming inventory, it was clear they might run out of stock by the end of the year. Production planning and control were amended to reflect the enhanced needs
• A printing firm was planning to expand its business. Its production planning and control system needed predictions of the amount of paper, ink, labels, envelopes, and other supplies needed. The sales manager estimated sales would increase by 40 percent on an annual basis. Production planners then planned how much to produce or buy for each month during that period. When it was clear paper shortages would not end soon, the organization raised its prices 

Production planning and control systems are often calibrated to generate predictions. It analyzes actual data from history or rate of change information to make predictions for future events. This can help management make informed decisions. 

Understanding the production planning and control meaning is one of the first steps to creating an efficient workplace. Learning from production planning and control example and the theory will help professional progress. 

For greater insight into managing projects expertly, Harappa’s Rise In An Organization learning pathway is here for you. How you work in a team, how you lead and how you learn from setbacks are all core elements of professional success and this pathway will help you work on all three areas. Understanding cornerstones of project management, such as Scope-Quality-Time-Cost and how to execute with agility, are essential to mastering production planning and control. Sign up and get ahead today!

Production Company Business Plan Template

Written by Dave Lavinsky

Production Company Business Plan

You’ve come to the right place to create your Production Company business plan.

We have helped over 1,000 entrepreneurs and business owners create business plans and many have used them to start or grow their production companies.

Below is a template to help you create each section of your Production Company business plan.

Executive Summary

Business overview.

ABQ Reels Video Production is a startup production company located in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The company is founded by Mark Johnson, an entertainment industry veteran who has over 25 years of experience working in video production. Now that Mark has experienced managing a production business, he is ready to start his own company, ABQ Reels Video Production. Mark is confident that his video production skills, combined with his understanding of business management, will enable him to run a profitable production company of his own. Mark is recruiting a team of highly qualified professionals to help manage the day-to-day complexities of video production – sales and marketing, client relationship management, budgeting, financial reporting, and project management.

ABQ Reels Video Production will provide a full suite of production services for small scale video projects in the Albuquerque area. ABQ Reels Video will be the go-to production studio in Albuquerque for its tailored approach and client-first focus. The company will be the ultimate choice for customer service while ensuring the highest quality standards for production in the area.

Product Offering

The following are the services that ABQ Reels Video Production will provide:

• Content Development
• Sourcing & Hiring Film Crew
• Planning & Logistics
• Post-Production Services

Customer Focus

ABQ Reels Video Production will target businesses and individuals in Albuquerque that are looking for video production services for small-scale projects, commercials, and social media. No matter the customer, ABQ Reels Video Production will deliver the best communication, service, and customized production tailored to fit each project’s needs.

Management Team

ABQ Reels Video Production will be owned and operated by Mark Johnson. Mark is a graduate of New Mexico University with a degree in Film Production. He has over 25 years of experience working in video production, and over ten years as a production manager. Mark will be the company’s Chief Executive Officer and Production Manager. He will oversee the production process, production equipment, and production staff’s activities.

Mark has recruited a business management expert, Emily Martinez, to be the company’s Chief Operating Officer and help oversee the production business operations. Emily will handle the day-to-day operations, including budgeting, client relationships, and logistics.

Mark and Emily have recruited an experienced marketing director, Steve Smith, to become a member of the ABQ Reels Video Production management team. Steve is a graduate of the University of California with a bachelor’s degree in marketing. Mark and Emily rely on Steve’s expertise to execute the company’s marketing plan and advertising strategies.

Success Factors

ABQ Reels Video Production will be able to achieve success by offering the following competitive advantages:

• Skilled team of production experts and project management professionals who will oversee each project from start to finish and ensure the customers’ needs are met.
• ABQ Reels Video Production is able to provide production services for a wide range of purposes using the latest production technology.
• The company is able to leverage the expertise of its leadership team to provide customers with the best possible production services from knowledgeable industry veterans.

Financial Highlights

ABQ Reels Video Production is seeking $800,000 in debt financing to launch its production business. The funding will be dedicated towards securing the production facility and purchasing production equipment and supplies. Funding will also be dedicated towards three months of overhead costs to include payroll of the staff and marketing expenses. The breakout of the funding is below:

• Facility build-out: $340,000
• Production equipment, supplies, and materials: $280,000
• Three months of overhead expenses (payroll, utilities): $160,000
• Marketing costs: $10,000
• Working capital: $10,000

The following graph below outlines the pro forma financial projections for ABQ Reels Video Production.

Company Overview

Who is abq reels video production.

ABQ Reels Video Production is a newly established production company in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The company will provide a full suite of production services for small scale video projects in the Albuquerque area. ABQ Reels will be the go-to production studio in Albuquerque for its tailored approach and client-first focus.

The company will be the ultimate choice for customer service while providing the highest quality standards for production in the area. ABQ Reels Video Production will be able to guarantee the highest quality standards for all of its productions thanks to the latest and most innovative production equipment and oversight from industry veterans. The company’s team of highly qualified professionals experienced in production and project management will oversee each project from start to finish.

ABQ Reels Video Production History

ABQ Reels Video Production is owned and operated by Mark Johnson, an entertainment industry veteran who has over 25 years of experience working in video production. Now that Mark has experienced managing a production business, he is ready to start his own company, ABQ Reels Video Production. Mark is confident that his video production skills, combined with his understanding of business management, will enable him to run a profitable production company of his own. Mark is recruiting a team of highly qualified professionals to help manage the day-to-day complexities of video production – sales and marketing, client relationship management, budgeting, financial reporting, and project management.

Since incorporation, ABQ Reels Video Production has achieved the following milestones:

• Registered ABQ Reels Video Production, LLC to transact business in the state of New Mexico
• Has identified the ideal facility for lease to set up the business operations
• Reached out to numerous contacts to include former colleagues, employees, and production assistants to start putting a skilled core team together
• Began recruiting a staff of accountants, production assistants, and sales personnel to work at ABQ Reels Video Production

ABQ Reels Video Production Services

Industry analysis.

The production industry in the U.S. is a $26B market with approximately 6.3K businesses and over 46K employees nationwide. The outlook for the production market is positive with demand expected to remain steady over the next several years.

The production industry can be categorized by type of production. Some of the most common types of production companies are film production, TV production, commercial production, and post-production. Production companies perform a wide range of services including scripting, casting, hiring, planning, and logistics. Some production companies handle large-scale projects like major motion pictures, while others specialize in small-scale projects like commercials.

Some of the most significant demand drivers are the growing popularity of streaming content, consumer preferences for viewing on smartphones, and social media influence. All of these factors have contributed to increased demand for content, which leads to increased demand for production services.

Customer Analysis

Demographic profile of target market.

ABQ Reels Video Production will target businesses and individuals in Albuquerque that are looking for video production services for small-scale projects such as video for commercials and social media.

The precise demographics for Albuquerque, New Mexico are:

Customer Segmentation

ABQ Reels Video will primarily target the following customer profiles:

• Small Businesses in Albuquerque in need of commercial production services
• Mid-Sized Businesses in Albuquerque in need of commercial production services
• Individuals and groups of people in Albuquerque who need video production services for small personal or professional projects

Competitive Analysis

Direct and indirect competitors.

ABQ Reels Video Production will face competition from other companies with similar business profiles. A description of each competitor company is below.

VIEWR 1st Video Production

VIEWR 1st Video Production is one of the largest commercial production companies in Albuquerque, New Mexico. The company provides a variety of production services including content development, logistics, and film crew recruitment. VIEWR 1st Video Production specializes in creating commercials for local businesses to use in their advertising campaigns. VIEWR 1st Video Production aims to deliver high quality production through the latest production equipment and experienced crew. VIEWR 1st Video Production’s team of production professionals are well-known in the area for their outstanding commercial work.

Albuquerque’s Best Productions

Albuquerque’s Best Productions is a small production company established in 2005 that caters to local businesses and residents in Albuquerque, New Mexico and surrounding areas. Albuquerque’s Best Productions provides pre-to-post-production services for projects of various sizes and purposes. The company also provides tours of the production facility to local residents, businesses, and schools for a nominal fee. The owners of Albuquerque’s Best Production are former production assistants of some of the biggest production companies in the nation so they understand the production process from start to finish.

SPESHAL EFFEX

SPESHAL EFFEX is a trusted Albuquerque, New Mexico-based production company that provides superior production services to clients in Albuquerque and the surrounding areas. Established in 2018, the company is able to provide a wide variety of production services using its state-of-the-art production equipment. SPESHAL EFFEX serves local business owners, students, and individuals on small-to-large scale video projects. The company prides itself on being the number one choice for innovative special effects used in all of its videos.

Competitive Advantage

ABQ Reels Video Production will be able to offer the following advantages over their competition:

Marketing Plan

Brand & value proposition.

ABQ Reels Video Production will offer the unique value proposition to its clientele:

• The company is able to leverage the expertise of its leadership team to provide customers with the best possible production process from knowledgeable industry veterans and project management professionals.

Promotions Strategy

The promotions strategy for ABQ Reels Video Production is as follows:

Social Media Marketing

The company’s marketing director will create accounts on social media platforms such as LinkedIn, Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, TikTok, and YouTube. He will ensure ABQ Reels Video Production maintains an active social media presence with regular updates and fun content to get customers excited about production.

Professional Associations and Networking

ABQ Reels Video Production will become a member of professional associations such as the American Production Company Association, Albuquerque Video Production Society, and the New Mexico Video Production Association. The leadership team will focus their networking efforts on expanding the company’s vendor and client network.

Print Advertising

ABQ Reels Video Production will invest in professionally designed print ads to display in programs or flyers at industry networking events. The company will also send direct mailers to local businesses who are in the target market.

Website/SEO Marketing

ABQ Reels Video Production will utilize the in-house marketing director that designed the print ads to also design the company website. The website will be well organized, informative, and list all the services that ABQ Reels Video is able to provide. The website will also list information on the company’s events and client success stories.

The marketing director will also manage ABQ Reels Video’s website presence with SEO marketing tactics so that when someone types in a search engine “Albuquerque production company” or “video production near me”, ABQ Reels Video Production will be listed at the top of the search results.

The pricing of ABQ Reels Video Production will be moderate and on par with competitors so customers feel they receive value when purchasing the company’s production services.

Operations Plan

The following will be the operations plan for ABQ Reels Video Production.

Operation Functions:

• Mark Johnson will be the CEO and Production Manager of the company. He will oversee the production staff, production process, and the production equipment. Mark has spent the past year recruiting the following staff:
• Emily Martinez – Chief Operating Officer who will manage the budgeting, vendor and customer relationships, and day-to-day logistics.
• John Miller – Accountant/Bookkeeper will provide all accounting, tax payments, and monthly financial reporting.
• Steve Smith – Marketing Director who will oversee all marketing strategies for the company and manage the website, social media, and outreach.

Milestones:

ABQ Reels Video Production will have the following milestones complete in the next six months.

12/1/2022 – Finalize lease on the facility

12/15/2022 – Finalize personnel and staff employment contracts for the ABQ Reels Video Production management team

1/1/2023 – Begin build-out of the facility, purchase equipment, and set up for production

1/15/2023 – Begin networking at industry events and implement the marketing plan

2/15/2032 – Finalize contracts for initial production assistants, sales personnel, and office staff

3/15/2023 – ABQ Reels Video Production officially opens for business and starts taking on projects

Financial Plan

Key revenue & costs.

The revenue drivers for ABQ Reels Video Production are the fees charged to customers in exchange for the company’s production services. When it comes to pricing, the studio will monitor production costs, average prices charged by competitors, and market demand to ensure its prices will generate a healthy profit margin.

The cost drivers will be the overhead costs required in order to staff a production company. The expenses will be the payroll cost, utilities, equipment and supplies, and marketing materials.

Funding Requirements and Use of Funds

Key assumptions.

The following outlines the key assumptions required in order to achieve the revenue and cost numbers in the financials and in order to pay off the startup business loan.

• Average number of minutes produced per month: 12,000
• Average fees per month: $36,000
• Overhead costs per year: $840,000

Financial Projections

Income statement, balance sheet, cash flow statement, production company business plan faqs, what is a production company business plan.

A production company business plan is a plan to start and/or grow your production company business. Among other things, it outlines your business concept, identifies your target customers, presents your marketing plan and details your financial projections.

You can easily complete your production company business plan using our Production Company Business Plan Template here .

What are the Main Types of Production Companies?

There are a number of different kinds of music companies , some examples include: Feature Film Production, Commercial Production, Post Production, and Niche Production Company.

How Do You Get Funding for Your Production Company Business Plan?

Production companies are often funded through small business loans. Personal savings, credit card financing and angel investors are also popular forms of funding. This is true for a business plan for a film production company  or a film production company business plan.

What are the Steps To Start a Production Company?

Starting a production company  can be an exciting endeavor. Having a clear roadmap of the steps to start a business will help you stay focused on your goals and get started faster.

1. Develop A Video Production Business Plan - The first step in starting a business is to create a detailed video production company business plan that outlines all aspects of the venture. This should include potential market size and target customers, the services or products you will offer, pricing strategies and a detailed financial forecast.  

2. Choose Your Legal Structure - It's important to select an appropriate legal entity for your production company . This could be a limited liability company (LLC), corporation, partnership, or sole proprietorship. Each type has its own benefits and drawbacks so it’s important to do research and choose wisely so that your production company  is in compliance with local laws.

3. Register Your Production Company   - Once you have chosen a legal structure, the next step is to register your production company  with the government or state where you’re operating from. This includes obtaining licenses and permits as required by federal, state, and local laws. 

4. Identify Financing Options - It’s likely that you’ll need some capital to start your production company , so take some time to identify what financing options are available such as bank loans, investor funding, grants, or crowdfunding platforms. 

5. Choose a Location - Whether you plan on operating out of a physical location or not, you should always have an idea of where you’ll be based should it become necessary in the future as well as what kind of space would be suitable for your operations. 

6. Hire Employees - There are several ways to find qualified employees including job boards like LinkedIn or Indeed as well as hiring agencies if needed – depending on what type of employees you need it might also be more effective to reach out directly through networking events. 

7. Acquire Necessary Production Company Equipment & Supplies - In order to start your production company , you'll need to purchase all of the necessary equipment and supplies to run a successful operation. 

8. Market & Promote Your Business - Once you have all the necessary pieces in place, it’s time to start promoting and marketing your production company . This includes creating a website, utilizing social media platforms like Facebook or Twitter, and having an effective Search Engine Optimization (SEO) strategy. You should also consider traditional marketing techniques such as radio or print advertising.

Production Planning Template for Excel (Free Download)

In order to be successful, there are many best practices that production facilities need to consider when putting their schedules and plans together. Perhaps most significantly, everyone involved needs to clearly understand every part of the production process, from the small details to the big picture — otherwise, you risk missing key items that could slow down or even halt production.

Having a production plan is a great way to put your production and manufacturing processes on track right from the start, as it helps you prepare for what needs to be done. A production planning template even takes you one step further by providing an outline for your planning process, making it easier to form a cohesive and successful production plan.

What Is Production Planning?

A production plan is a guide that outlines every step involved in the production of a good. With production planning, the production process is more organized and efficient, and there is less of a risk of missing an important step that stops or slows down production. These plans help optimize the manufacturing process, which makes the design, production, and delivery of goods much easier to plan out.

A production plan includes steps for each part of your manufacturing process. This might include what the products are, the type and quantity of materials needed to produce them, the production schedule, and the delivery schedule. It could also include a schedule that shows who is responsible for each part of the process.

Most production plans include details about which machines are needed during the process, how many pieces of equipment are involved, and what quality assurance steps need to be taken before the product is ready for final delivery.

Why Is Production Planning Important?

Like most processes, planning plays an integral part of the production process. When you have a solid plan in place from the beginning, you have clear targets and a firm idea of what needs to happen in order to meet your goals. This reduces the chances of bottlenecks, which can lead to slowdowns that impede your productivity.

The ultimate goal of production planning is to create a more streamlined production process that lends itself to greater efficiency. More efficient processes lead to overall improvement in metrics and key performance indicators (KPIs). Tracking metrics and KPIs via digital tools and dashboards gives you at-a-glance insights into whether or not you are meeting production goals — which can let you know if your production plan needs to be tweaked.

Production planning also helps manufacturing businesses be better at resource management and capacity planning. Rather than having an overabundance of raw materials (or not enough) for production, you can plan out exactly what you need and avoid supply chain hold ups or unnecessary expenses. This gives you greater control over your inventory management and improves your lead times as well.

Another benefit of production planning is the internal alignment it creates. A clear production plan can be shared across your organization, from machine operators to upper management, which keeps everyone on the same page regarding production. When everyone is working from the same plan, you can more easily avoid internal conflict and confusion surrounding production, while also creating a more streamlined workflow across teams with fewer bottlenecks.

Breakout: What Is the Difference Between a Production Schedule and a Production Plan ?

Often, there is confusion around the terms “production schedule” and “production plan.” Both deal with the organization and high-level strategies around production, and while there are similarities, the two terms mean different things. A production schedule has clearly defined and assigned roles for each step of the manufacturing process, along with the timeline for when those tasks need to be accomplished.

The production plan, on the other hand, determines what needs to be produced and how much of it needs to be completed in each run. Another way to think about the two is that the production plan outlines the “what” — the steps and materials needed to produce a good — while the production schedule outlines the “who” and “when” — who is responsible for each step of the process and when they need to have them done.

What Are the 3 Stages of Production Planning?

There are three major stages of production planning that an organization needs to follow. If you complete the stages out of order or leave one out entirely, your production plan could end up being incomplete. This can lead to missed steps and bottlenecks that cause issues throughout the entire production process. Next, we’ll take a look at each phase in greater detail.

Planning Phase

The planning phase addresses the end goals of your production process and helps you determine what type of schedule and plan is best suited to help you achieve your goals. This could include steps like:

• Product development
• Sales forecasting
• Aggregate planning
• Raw material planning

Action Phase

The action phase of the production plan outlines the different steps that need to be taken in order to create the product that your plan is for. This phase addresses all of the steps of production, from the initial job order to the final delivery and everything in between. Those specific steps might include:

• Process routing
• Material planning
• Tool planning
• Machine loading

Control Phase

The final stage of the production planning process is the control phase. This phase helps ensure that all the other steps in the planning and action phases are measured and reported correctly, which ensures that end goals are being met. This also includes any measures needed to fix errors in the plan and addresses any mistakes that might come up during the production process. The main steps in this phase are:

• Progress reporting
• Metric tracking
• Corrective action planning

What Are the Benefits of a Production Plan?

A production plan provides many different benefits that organizations across the globe can benefit from. It provides clear benchmarks for measuring key elements of the production process and ensures that the entire organization is clear about what the production process is. When manufacturers utilize a production plan, they can avoid confusion, waste, and delays. This helps provide a better customer experience and makes sure that manufacturers deliver on the promises they make to suppliers and purchasers. Other benefits include:

• Resource management
• Supply chain planning
• Internal project alignment
• Goal and milestone tracking
• Increased clarity
• Singular database for tracking and minimizing backlogs
• Team-wide visibility into production
• Streamlined workflows

While production planning offers many different benefits, many manufacturers may still shy away from the idea because the process of creating the plan is too overwhelming to think about. Luckily, Anvyl’s production planning template alleviates the pressure of building a plan from scratch, which can get your organization on the right track much sooner.

Download Anvyl’s Production Planning Template

How Do You Create a Production Plan in Excel?

Many production plans are built using spreadsheet software like Microsoft Excel or Google Sheets. You can use these programs to create Gantt charts, which clearly lay out the different elements of the production process in a visual format. This helps with project management and tracking everything from customer orders to the bill of material that is required for each product. These are simplistic charts that any member of your team can follow.

A production plan includes details like:

• Company information
• Customer information
• Current order status
• Production or product numbers
• Product variations
• Starting inventory
• Current inventory
• Manufacturing dates
• Operator or management notes

Each organization functions differently, so no two production plans will be the same. There will be some level of customization required, even if the plan comes from a standardized template.

An Excel template can work as a jumping-off point, allowing your business to build around your own goals and needs without starting from scratch. Keep in mind that a template should be flexible enough to allow for personalization while also being rigid enough that you don’t miss vital steps. The Anvyl production planning template was built with this mentality: to help manufacturers improve their processes and create a better production planning experience with a unique, customizable approach.

Try Anvyl’s Free Production Planning Template

At Anvyl, we understand that there are a lot of considerations to keep in mind as you work on creating your production plan. This is why we provide a planning template that you can use to optimize your production planning, project management, and capacity planning — all while reducing bottlenecks and avoiding production shutdowns.

The Anvyl production planning template was created to make the entire process of production planning easier for you and your team. Rather than creating a production plan from scratch, you can get started faster by using our template. The legwork is already done for you — all you need to do is customize the Excel spreadsheet to fit your business.

Get your free download of our production planning template and get started today .

Take Control of Your Production Process With Anvyl

Having control over your production process ensures that you are optimized for success and efficiency. When you don’t have a production plan, it’s hard to see whether or not you’re hitting your benchmarks — which makes it even harder to hit your goals.

When you have a well-constructed production plan organized in a versatile Excel template, you can build a strong production process that can withstand challenges and produce the results that your organization desires.

Investing in a platform that helps you streamline your processes is a great way to benefit your business. With resources like Anvyl, you can create a centralized database and manage your supplier relations with ease. Our team has been helping manufacturers manage their production planning for many years — try a product demo to learn more about what Anvyl can do for your organization.

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• Development

How to Create a Production Company Business Plan [FREE Template]

H ighly successful video companies start with a strong production company business plan. Whether your company has been around for a while, or you’re a freelancer ready to take your services to the next level, this post will provide you with actionable strategies for success to compete more effectively right now.

It all beings with formulating the business plan that will get you where you want to go. If you don’t have a business plan, don’t worry. We provide a  free business plan template below and will walk you through it. 

Step by step.

• Production Company Business Plan
• The Executive Summary
• Perform a Video Company Self Assessment
• How to Get Started
• Financing a Video Production Company
• Marketing Plan
• Day to Day Operations

Freebie: Business Plan Template for Video Production

Download your FREE printable business plan template for your video production. Just enter your email address and we'll instantly send it to you!

business plan template

1. what is a production company business plan.

Essentially it's a tool for raising funds, creating a roadmap, or altering course and plotting out the next steps.

One purpose of any business plan to so convey to investors, or a bank, why they should put money into this business.

Think of creating a business plan you could bring to them

What does that mean?

It means you need this business plan for a production company to prove that you will make money. To prove it to you, but also to any investors.

After all, nobody invests to lose money. Or break even. So with that in mind, let's forge ahead into the actual writing of the business plan.

how to make a business plan

2. what is an executive summary.

Every business plan starts from the top down, with an executive summary.

What is that, exactly?

An executive summary is a short part of a larger proposal or report that summarizes the main points so the reader can become quickly educated on the whole document without having to read it all.

So it’s a detailed overview.

Of course, "executive summary" has a nice ring to it...

Your job here is to lay out the big picture of your plan. Some questions to ask yourself: Why do you want this business in the first place?

Similarly, what inspired you to start it? What's going to make it work?

Next, start to answer the questions your investors might have. Try getting into their head-space.

"Why would YOU invest in this business?"

You might want to write about the competition. The targeted demographic. Be specific here.

What need does your business fill? Which kinds of customers and clients are you targeting?

Think about your target market

Furthermore, what else sets you and your business apart?

Especially relevant is using concrete examples and not only ideas. Can you cite previous work you've done?  

This brings us to...

Your production companies competition

What does the rest of the field looks like. Your investor will want to know if they don't already.

What sets this company and this production company business plan apart from others?

Knowing the entire field of competitors you have is a good idea, even if it's a very long list.

Your production company business plan must factor in what else is being offered. That way you can adjust, and target a more specific niche.

Or, you can figure out what you can do better.

For example: what can you identify in your competitor's list of services that you know you can nail?

This is what your video company plan needs to convey.

Finally, remember to think of it from the investor's standpoint. How is this an opportunity for them?

how to create a business plan

3. why a video company self-assessment.

This step is easy to do, but hard to do well.

Can you take a good long look at your video production studio? With the intent to circle problems? Areas that need improvement?

The second part of this step might be easier. Find the areas where your video production studio can really shine.

In contrast, you don't want to elaborate on weaknesses in your video production company business plan. Rather, you want to identify them so you can find ways to address them.

You need to have answers to the questions these flaws might bring to the mind of your investors.

  You are not required to sing “Man in the Mirror” 

Then go beyond looking in the mirror.

Look back at the field before you.

This is a business plan for a production company. What opportunities exist for that?

Most of all, try and tailor this production house business plan to specific needs.

Here are a few methods of company self-analysis:

This is a way to identify changes in your industry, to target potential growth opportunities. The acronym stands for:

P olitical Factors

E conomic Factors

S ocial Factors

T echnological Factors

 P roduction company business plan would include a PEST

We've mentioned elements of SWOT:

W eaknesses

O pportunities

The one to focus in on here is threats. Don't assume everything will work out for the plan just the why you'd like it to.

Because it won't. Investors will know that. You should not only know it, you should expect it.

Most important of all: prove that you're prepared for whatever may happen.

Here's a cool way to approach your SWOT analysis. Try applying your strengths to your opportunities and see what kind of leverage you can create.

Then theoretically expose your weaknesses to your threats. Are you in trouble? Do you need to address something to better protect your company?

Think of this as planning for a battle. Therefore, you don't want to ignore cracks in the wall if your enemy is bringing a battering ram.

Business plan can benefit from SWOT

Strategy, structure, systems, style, shared values, staff, and skills.  The 7S model  was developed by business consultants  Robert H. Waterman Jr. and Tom Peters . It's also known as the McKinsey 7S framework.

The idea here is that your business needs these elements to be aligned and "mutually reinforcing". Let's go over each "S".

Strategy: How does this business plan to gain an advantage.

Structure: How do you divide the various operations of the company.

Systems: Procedure for measurement, reward and resource allocation.

Skills: the companies core and distinctive capabilities.

Staff: Human resources.

Style: Behavior patterns of the key groups like managers.

Shared values are in the middle of them all on the diagram. It's somewhat self-explanatory.

In theory, using these methods of self-analysis will help you a great deal. Due to them you'll know, and decide, all sorts of things about your production company.

The 7 S model of analysis

Start putting these ideas onto paper now! If you haven’t already…

Gentlemen, start your engines

4. how to get started.

A business plan for a production company must lay out how you will get started. This is also referred to as a "roll out plan".

How you engineer your beginning is critical to your cash flow. What do you need to get started?

And can you start at a sustainable level?

Will you open a physical office space right off the bat?

Overhead is a major cost. If this is more of a production house business plan then you’ll want to factor that in.

Do you have existing clients?

Equipment or gear already in place?

A video production business plan suggests that your focus will be on video production. Things like equipment will be critical.

In addition to considering this an entertainment production company business plan you may also want to focus on creative development.

How you want to focus effects how you want to phrase things. And it matters almost immediately.

START FEES YOU CAN AVOID

It's a good idea to propose that you start small.

There are two reasons for this.

The first is that you will scare away investors if you ask for too much up front, almost without fail they can tell if you are asking for more than it seems like you need.

It also throws into question how serious you are about sustaining success.

Which leads to the second reason.

It'll be much harder for you to sustain success if you ask for big upfront funding that you aren't sure you can earn back plus profit.

Let's say because you know of a few jobs you'll have early on, that you ask for less up front.

You'll be able to get rolling right away, earning back the initial investments and then some.

Above all you want to start off with easy wins.

Or as close to easy wins as you can get when launching or re-launching a video production business plan.

Seems like it would somewhat obvious not to ask for more than you can earn back...

Rather, it's a mistake people make all the time.

Speaking of which...

do have the capital?

5. financing a company.

Any business needs capital. As a result, you need a section where you lay out the cash flow for the production house business plan.

What kind of money do you expect to have coming in, and how much do you expect to be spending?

Make the budget, while also estimating how you'll be earning.

If you can't demonstrate this, then you need to go back to the drawing board.

Just pose like this and you’ll reassure any investor

You will want to get involved with an accountant at some point soon.

But remember, this is a business plan for a production company. So you may have a lot of costs coming at you early just to get started.

What is a marketing plan?

Your video production business plan is almost complete. Another section worth including would be one on marketing.

Here is a good additional resource on small business accounting .

You want to prove that business will be coming in, and not assume it will on faith alone.

Building a strong portfolio is a must. Consider again what niche you may be able to serve best. Find a solid "bread and butter" to start with.

Remember, good businesses expand when they need to. They don't bite off more than they can chew right out of the gate.

INVEST IN A GOOD WEBSITE

Do some research on how you’ll be building the best website for your product.

Get your production company a few social media accounts, and start trying to create a presence there. You'll need to find many ways to attract clients, and show your work.

Do some additional research on how to market a production company.

All this needs to find its way into the marketing section of your production company business plan.

what's your daily workflow?

7. day to day operations.

The day to day operations are a critical part of the plan. Have you visualized what the daily workflow will be?

Now is the time to do that. Who is going to be on your team, and how will it grow and change over time?

Determine what tasks will take priority each day, and how to best utilize your resources and finances.

This will be a key step in determining if your production company business plan is sustainable.

Ask yourself a few of the following questions:

How much time per day will you spend building your client base? What elements of each job will you tackle in-house? Which tasks might you outsource?

What equipment and gear do you own?

When will it need to be replaced and/or upgraded?

Are you going to hire anyone to start? Will they be full-time employees?

Will you hire independent contractors per project? How many, roughly?

As mentioned in the finance section, you need to know how you'll plan your reporting for taxes and your bookkeeping process.

These questions will help you start to determine what each "day at the office" will look like.

The clearer a picture you can paint here, the better.

Write a Business Plan

Get as specific as possible in each section of your entertainment company business plan. The more you know... right?

Now, let's get a little more advanced. In our next post we'll dive into writing a 4 part business plan. 

Up Next: Write a 4-Part Business Plan →

Project management for video creatives. tasks, file sharing, calendars and more..

Manage video production timelines, tasks, storyboards, shot lists, breakdowns, call sheets. Made for video creatives, new media and film.

Learn More ➜

1.1 CHAPTER TITLE HERE...

Short, actionable h3 phrase....

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• Sample Business Plans
• Manufacturing & Wholesale

Manufacturing Business Plan

If you are planning to start a new manufacturing , fabrication, or production business, the first thing you will need is a business plan. Use our business plan example created using upmetrics business plan software to start writing your business plan in no time.

Before you start writing your business plan for your new manufacturing business, spend as much time as you can reading through some examples of manufacturing, fabrication, or production business plans.

Reading some sample business plans will give you a good idea of what you’re aiming for. Also, it will show you the different sections that different entrepreneurs include and the language they use to write about themselves and their business plans.

We have created this business plan example for you to get a good idea about how a perfect manufacturing business plan should look like and what details you will need to include in your stunning business plan.

Manufacturing Business Plan Example Outline

This is the standard business plan outline which will cover all important sections that you should include in your business plan.

• Business Profile Summary
• Market Research Summary
• Marketing Summary
• Business Description
• Unique Value Proposition
• Company History
• Legal Structure
• Vision & Mission
• Professional Advisors
• Goals & Objectives
• Premium Sustainable Leather Designer Bag
• Alternate Sustainable Material Bag
• Heirloom Limited Edition Bag
• Basic Purse
• Industry Profile & Outlook
• Local Market
• Ci Comme Ca
• Target Market
• Customer Survey Summary
• Premium Sustainable Leather Material Bag
• Digital Marketing
• In-Person Marketing
• Print Marketing
• Location(s)
• Legal Issues
• Insurance Issues
• Jennifer Martinez
• Packaging/Shipping/Handling
• Manufacturing Assistant
• Marketing Designer
• Production Flow and Delivery Method of Products and Services
• Risk Assessment
• Breakeven analysis
• Projected Profit and Loss
• Projected Cash Flow
• Projected Balance Sheet

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After  getting started with upmetrics , you can copy this manufacturing business plan example into your business plan and modify the required information and download your manufacturing business plan pdf and doc file . It’s the fastest and easiest way to start writing your business plan.

What to include in a manufacturing business plan?

Now before you go ahead and write your plan, we’ll discuss a few main sections that’ll help you write a well-rounded plan:

1. Executive Summary

The executive summary section of your business plan sums up everything that your business stands for. It consists of a summary of all the major sections of your business plan including the mission and vision statement, market research, marketing, and finances.

If you want to explain your business idea to someone in under 10 minutes, an executive summary would do the job. If you plan on getting funded, write a good and well-rounded executive summary as this is probably the only section your investor would read.

For example, if you are going to manufacture bags your executive summary would consist of a brief description of your target audience, your product, major points of market analysis and financial plan, your funding requirements and how would you provide a return on that funding.

2. Business description

This section consists of information about your company ranging from your product, and the size of your team to your legal structure. It describes the aims and objectives of your business and what you do to fulfill them.

This section sums up the structural and legal aspects of your business. It serves as a reference whenever you want to make changes to your company’s structure.

Continuing the above example of a bag manufacturing unit, your business description would consist of the following things:

• The part of bag production your unit participates in.
• The number of employees and their position in your company.
• The legal structure of your business .
• The market needs your business fulfilled.

3. Product Description

This section consists of a detailed description of your product, the market it caters to, and your pricing strategy.

This section helps you define your product clearly and concisely. It also helps your customers understand your product and its purpose better.

For example, as a bag manufacturing unit, you will note down the size, the material, and the type of bags you manufacture.

4. Market Research

This section would consist of everything you can find out about your industry through research. It consists of an overview of your industry, market size, major competitors, and target market.

This section comes in handy for formulating your marketing strategy and for finding your USP. Moreover, it helps you optimize your product as per the tastes and preferences of your customers.

For example, like a bag manufacturing business, you’ll research the bag industry, the local market, what market segments buy bags, out of them who will be your target audience, and finally what kind of bags your target audience prefers.

5. Sales and Marketing Strategy

This section would consist of the mediums you will use for reaching out to your target audience. It would also consist of methods of highlighting your USP for attracting a customer’s attention toward your product.

This section is necessary for letting your target audience know about your existence. You can promote your product through various mediums like print, advertising, digital media, etc.

For example, like a bag manufacturing business, your target audience will be bag wholesalers and retailers, you’ll have to find what kind of bags they prefer buying, what terms and conditions do they prefer, and what medium you can use for reaching out to them.

While selling your bags you must always try to find a middle ground between the deal the wholesaler or retailer wants and the one you are willing to offer.

6. Operations Plan

Your operations plan consists of your goals and aims for your business, as well as the ways for achieving them. It typically describes what an average day at your business would look like, and what target would your daily business activities help in fulfilling.

Your operations plan helps you stay organized as a business. It also helps you manage your business smoothly and efficiently.

Continuing the above example your operations plan would consist of the number of bags you’ll manufacture per day, the sales and marketing you’ll carry out on a daily, weekly, or bi-weekly basis, etc.

7. Financial Plan

The financial plan section consists of your funding requirements, projected balance sheet, cash flow , and profits.

A good financial plan helps your business in becoming a profitable one. Moreover, it keeps your business afloat during difficult times.

As a manufacturing business, you will include your cost of production, the number of units you’ll have to sell to reach the break-even point , and how you will optimize the production cost and other miscellaneous costs to make your business a profitable one.

Download a sample manufacturing business plan

Need help writing your business plan from scratch? Here you go; download our free manufacturing business plan pdf to start.

It’s a modern business plan template specifically designed for your manufacturing business. Use the example business plan as a guide for writing your own.

The Quickest Way to turn a Business Idea into a Business Plan

Fill-in-the-blanks and automatic financials make it easy.

Manufacturing business plan summary

In conclusion, a manufacturing business plan can help you decide everything ranging from your production to marketing and pricing strategy.

Moreover, it eliminates the hassles of doing business and helps you manage your business better. It also helps you recognize loopholes in your ideas and way of working.

Above all, a business plan prepares you equally for threats and opportunities. So if you want to start your manufacturing business, go ahead and start planning.

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Upmetrics is the #1 business planning software that helps entrepreneurs and business owners create investment-ready business plans using AI. We regularly share business planning insights on our blog. Check out the Upmetrics blog for such interesting reads. Read more

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Strategies for manufacturing: How to plan for the future

Strategies for manufacturing ensure a business stays on track with production and keeps a competitive advantage. Read all about it here.

James Humphreys

The reality is that very few manufacturing businesses will be successful without a solid strategy in place. But why are strategies for manufacturing important? How have they evolved, and what manufacturing strategies are easy for companies to implement?

In this article, we’ll answer all these questions and more.

What is a manufacturing strategy? 

A manufacturing strategy has been previously defined as “a long-range plan to use the resources of the manufacturing system to support the business strategy and, in turn, meet the business objectives. (Cimorelli and Chandler, 1996).  

The connection that binds all the eras together is manufacturing strategy. Whether it’s a humble artisan in a side-street pottery shop or a technological wiz-kid wanting to build a smart factory, they both need a manufacturing strategy.   

As already identified, strategies for manufacturing have been around for many years.   

The definition of a what is a manufacturing strategy has also been around for a long time. According to  Hayes and Wheelwright, 1984 , it is “a sequence of decisions that, over time, enables a business unit to achieve the desired manufacturing structure, infrastructure, and set of specific capabilities.”   

Nowadays, manufacturing strategy is often intertwined with a company’s digital strategy, with the tactical management of production and technology at the heart of everything a company achieves.  

As was noted by Gündüz Ulusoy back in 2003, formulating a  marketing strategy requires making three strategic choices  in three key areas: Competitive priorities, manufacturing objectives, and action plans.   

Competitive priorities include choices on:  

• Quality levels  
• Reliability  
• Design change  
• Deliveries   
• New products  

Manufacturing objectives involve decision-making on:  

• Unit costs  
• Market share  
• Profitability  
• Product development time  

And action plans include making decisions about:   

• Production  
• Energy saving  
• Employee empowerment  
• Staff training  

Once these decisions have been made and a company’s priorities have been identified, an overarching marketing strategy can be formulated.   

The history of manufacturing strategy   

Whether you are a B2B (business-to-business) or a  D2C (direct-to-consumer) manufacturing company , the chances are high that you have a structured manufacturing process in place. Hopefully, this relates back to your manufacturing strategy. This relationship between process and strategy has existed for hundreds of years.  

The art of manufacturing has humble beginnings. Way before industrialization was conceptualized, skilled artisans worked to produce commodities. They relied on their craftmanship and secrecy to ensure that their products were in demand and couldn’t be copied.   

The first example of a manufacturing strategy was probably when forward-thinking artisans realized they could  sub-contract  their work to others, thus producing more products and increasing their profits.   

Manufacturing was transformed dramatically and definitively in the 18th century during the Industrial Revolution. The invention of machines that could do the work on a mass scale meant that industries such as glassmaking, mining, textiles , and agriculture could produce much more on a much cheaper scale. The mass production concept followed, bringing us to where we are today.   

Interestingly, we are on the brink of another transformation in the industrial sector, with the birth of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, 4IR, or Industry 4.0. This is the notion that interconnectivity, smart automation, and digital process management will considerably strengthen production flow, improve quality, and reduce costs. In short, the various parts of a supply chain will interact without human interference.  

This may seem almost like a sci-fi fantasy to some, but we are speeding quickly toward this new norm. Who knows what the future of manufacturing looks like? But, the reality is that strategies for manufacturing will always be a priority in the transformation of this fast-paced industry.   

Why is a manufacturing strategy important?   

A manufacturing strategy is the backbone of how a business operates when you break it down. To ensure your manufacturing strategy is aligned with the overall business strategy, it must be focused on:   

• maximizing quality   
• minimizing costs   
• avoiding wastage  
• improving flexibility   

All the while being motivated by more lofty goals such as increasing market share and profitability.   

Strategies for marketing  ensure that a company avoids inefficiencies, optimizes production, and ultimately reaches the goals it is aiming for.   

As Steve Lam, Senior Vice President of Patheon’s Biologics Business, states, whether you are processing  medicines ,  clothing ,  beauty products , or the latest  tech-gadgets , “considering your manufacturing strategy early on in development pays dividends down the line.”   

So why is a manufacturing strategy important? The answer to this is another question:   

Would your business survive without it? 

Easy strategies for manufacturing that companies can implement

When choosing a new manufacturing strategy, it’s important to remember it’s not a case of a one-size-fits-all approach but rather finding one that is relevant for your business.   

Just because a manufacturing strategy is world-class for some doesn’t mean it will be for others. Be sure to strategize with intent and ensure that your manufacturing strategy gives your company the competitive edge it needs in an increasingly competitive environment. Start by articulating your competitive advantage and then build your strategy around it.   

Every decision, from the machinery you use to the  automation system  you choose, needs to take you one step closer to maximizing that competitive advantage.  

So, what are some manufacturing strategy examples that you could implement? 

1. Adopt technology

It is crucial to have an agile IT function that can respond flexibly to your business’s demands. Identifying which technologies are applicable and useful to your manufacturing processes is often the first building block in a sturdy manufacturing strategy. Is there a service or app out there that you have not yet considered?  

2. Shrink your costs and production waste

This is a no-brainer. If your business has holes in its  manufacturing processes  that let money flow out of them, then this part of your manufacturing strategy must be robust. Production times, processes, and product quality are things that cannot be compromised on. 

3. Stock inventory

Adopting the  principles of lean inventory  saves you a fortune and gives you a serious competitive edge. Having a better understanding of your stock levels and responding to your customer’s needs more intuitively could result in huge improvements for your business. 

4. Automate your processes

The automation of day-to-day tasks can make your business leaner and more efficient. Services like  Katana cloud inventory platform  can be the bridge that finally connects your procurement, order processing, supply chain, customer service, production, and operations together. Automatically monitoring the movement of your inventory will minimize waste like never before. Furthermore, Katana’s software easily integrates with e-commerce platforms like  Shopify  and  WooCommerce  to reduce the risk of stock-outs and to keep your products moving to the customers who want them. 

5. Look to the future

Industry 4.0 is just the latest in many changes in the industrial and manufacturing world. Do your research and ensure your manufacturing strategies are robust yet flexible enough so you can pivot if you need to.  

Designing manufacturing strategies for success

Strategies for manufacturing are essential to keep a business moving. The most successful businesses over time have been the ones that have chosen strategies that support their long-term ambitions.  

Innovative software, visibility, and control are often the backbones of any successful manufacturing strategy, but how you implement these must be unique to your business.  

For example, adopting a  manufacturing ERP software  would be the perfect manufacturing strategy for businesses struggling to keep track of the movement of their inventory.  

The key is to be smart about it — Be sure to identify the manufacturing strategies that fit your business model right now and will help you to stay ahead of the competition in the future. Evaluating and measuring your success every step of the way will ensure that you can provide your customers with the products they need before they even know they need them! 

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