paraphrase definition and part of speech

• Literary Terms
• Definition & Examples
• When & How to Use Paraphrase

I. What is a Paraphrase?

A paraphrase (pronounced par – uh -freyz) is a restatement or rewording of a paragraph  or text,  in order to borrow, clarify, or expand on information without plagiarizing. Paraphrasing is an important tool to use when writing research papers, essays , and pieces of journalism.

II. Examples of Paraphrasing

For examples of paraphrasing, consider these possible re-wordings of the same statement:

She angered me with her inappropriate comments, rumor-spreading, and disrespectfulness at the formal dinner table.

She made me angry when she was rude at dinner.

This paraphrase is an example of a rewording which shortens and simplifies while maintaining the same meaning.

Her impoliteness, gossiping, and general lack of respect at dinner infuriated me.

This rephrasing maintains the same meaning but is rearranged in a creative way.

I was mad when she started spreading rumors, making inappropriate comments, and disrespecting other guests at our dinner.

Another paraphrase, this rewording properly and interestingly rearranges the information provided in the original sentence.

III. Types of Paraphrasing

A. change of parts of speech.

Parts of speech ranging from verbs and nouns to adjectives and adverbs are replaced with new parts of speech in this type of paraphrasing. Here is an example:

Original Sentence:

The boy quickly ran across the finish line, seizing yet another victory.

Paraphrase:

The quick boy seized yet another victory when he ran across the finish line.

In this example, many parts of speech are changed: the adverb quickly becomes the adjective quick, and the verb phrase with the gerund seizing becomes the verb seized.

B.  Change of Structure

This type of paraphrasing involves changing the sentence’s structure, sometimes creating a passive voice from an active voice and vice versa. The change in structure can be used to reflect the writer’s interpretation of the original quote. Here is an example of change of structure paraphrasing:

Puppies were adopted by numerous kind souls at the puppy drive.

Many kind souls adopted puppies during the puppy drive.

In this example, the object of the sentence (kind souls) becomes the subject with an active voice (adopted) rather than a passive voice (were adopted).

C. Reduction of Clauses

Reduction of clauses paraphrases reduce the number of clauses in a sentence, which can be interruptive or confusing, by incorporating the phrases into the sentence. Here is an example of reduction of clauses paraphrasing:

While I understand where you’re coming from, and truly respect your opinion, I wish you would express yourself more clearly, like Clara does.

I understand where you’re coming from and respect your opinion, but I wish you would be more like Clara and express yourself more clearly.

D. Synonym Replacement

Synonym replacement paraphrasing is one of the simplest forms of paraphrasing: replacing words with similar words, or synonyms. Here is an example:

The older citizens were honored with a parade for those once in the military.

Senior citizens were honored with a march for veterans.

In this example, many synonyms are used: older citizens are senior citizens, a parade becomes a march, and those once in the military refers to veterans.

IV. The Importance of Using Paraphrase

Paraphrasing is a way of referencing a source without directly quoting it or of further explaining a selected quote. Correct paraphrasing is important in that poor paraphrasing can result in accusations of plagiarism, or copying from a source without correctly citing it. Paraphrasing allows writers to examine the meaning of others’ work, creatively rephrase their statements, and craft information to suit an essay or composition’s goal or focus.

V. Paraphrase in Literature

Paraphrasing can be found in a variety of journalistic sources from newspapers to film documentaries to literary journals. Here are a few examples of paraphrasing in literature:

Someone once wrote that musicians are touched on the shoulder by God, and I think it’s true. You can make other people happy with music, but you can make yourself happy too.

In John Berendt’s nonfiction novel Midnight in the Garden of Good and Evil , a character references what someone has once written by paraphrasing their message.

I’m going to paraphrase Thoreau here… rather than love, than money, than faith, than fame, than fairness… give me truth.

In this example from the nonfiction novel Into the Wild , Jon Krakauer paraphrases Thoreau’s larger message of transcendence.

So far, Laurance’s critiques of new road-building schemes have been well received, but he expects that to change.

In Michelle Nijhuis’ article “What Roads Have Wrought,” William Laurance is paraphrased rather than quoted to express his general viewpoint.

VI. Paraphrase in Pop Culture

Paraphrasing is often found in pop culture when attempting to translate the language of older plays, poems, and stories, such as Shakespeare’s works. Here are a few examples of paraphrasing in pop culture:

10 Things I Hate About You (1999):

Just a minor encounter with the shrew… the mewling, rampalian wretch herself.

In the modern-day adaptation of Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew , many characters ’ lines paraphrase Shakespeare’s originals. Here is Shakespeare’s version:

A meacock wretch can make the curstest shrew.

A Different World: Romeo, Oh Romeo

First, the student reads Shakespeare’s original words:

Oh gentle Romeo. If thou dost love, pronounce it faithfully. Or if thou thinkest I’m too quickly won, I’ll frown and be perverse and say thee nay, so thou wilt woo.

Then, she paraphrases to translate its meaning for modern ears:

It’s all about translation. Oh, sweet thang Romeo. If you think I’m all that, then step to me correctly. But if you think I’m a skeeze, I’ll be dissin’ and dismissin’, then you’ll be workin’ overtime getting’ me back.

VII. Related Terms

Like paraphrases, summaries are rewordings of original statements. Whereas paraphrases are precise and specific, summaries are brief and selective. Summaries report main points in a shortened version of the original, whereas paraphrases simply restate the original statement in a new way. Here is an example of summary versus paraphrase:

Original Statement:

At the party we had delicious red punch, a bunch of different appetizers, and a cookout. Since it was at the park, we played volleyball, went swimming, and sunbathed for fun.

At the party we enjoyed food and drink and various outdoor activities.

Here, the summary purposefully shortens the original statement while covering its major points.

At the party we drank some punch, ate a handful of appetizers, and had a cookout. The park allowed us to enjoy a number of enjoyable activities from volleyball to swimming to sunbathing.

As this example shows, the paraphrase rephrases the original statement and keeps more of its original content than the summary.

Translation

Although paraphrase sometimes translates difficult phrasing into more understandable phrasing, it is not literally considered translation. For something to be a translation, it must change writing in one language to another language. Here is an example of translation versus paraphrasing:

Original Phrase:

That’s life.

Translation into French:

C’est la vie.

That’s just how life goes sometimes.

Although we loosely may refer to paraphrase as translating ideas, technically it is not a tool of translation.

VIII. In Closing

Paraphrasing is an important tool for nonfiction writers, journalists, and essayists alike. It is a common proponent of news and reporting. Correct paraphrasing protects writers from plagiarism and allows them to creatively rephrase original works, incorporating them into their own compositions.

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Definition of paraphrase

 (Entry 1 of 2)

Definition of paraphrase  (Entry 2 of 2)

intransitive verb

transitive verb

Did you know?

When we paraphrase, we provide a version that can exist beside the original (rather than replace it). We paraphrase all the time. When you tell a friend what someone else has said, you're almost always paraphrasing, since you're not repeating the exact words. If you go to hear a talk, you might paraphrase the speaker's main points afterward for your friends. And when writing a paper on a short story, you might start off your essay with a paraphrase of the plot. Paraphrasing is especially useful when dealing with poetry, since poetic language is often difficult and poems may have meanings that are hard to pin down.

• restatement
• translating
• translation

Examples of paraphrase in a Sentence

These examples are programmatically compiled from various online sources to illustrate current usage of the word 'paraphrase.' Any opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback about these examples.

Word History

Noun and Verb

Middle French, from Latin paraphrasis , from Greek, from paraphrazein to paraphrase, from para- + phrazein to point out

1548, in the meaning defined at sense 1

1598, in the meaning defined at transitive sense

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Cite this Entry

“Paraphrase.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary , Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/paraphrase. Accessed 31 May. 2024.

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Kids definition of paraphrase.

Kids Definition of paraphrase  (Entry 2 of 2)

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[ par - uh -freyz ]

• a restatement of a text or passage giving the meaning in another form, as for clearness; rewording.
• the act or process of restating or rewording.

verb (used with object)

to paraphrase a technical paper for lay readers.

Synonyms: explain , summarize

verb (used without object)

• to make a paraphrase or paraphrases.

/ ˈpærəˌfreɪz; ˌpærəˈfræstɪk /

• an expression of a statement or text in other words, esp in order to clarify
• the practice of making paraphrases
• to put (something) into other words; restate (something)
• A restatement of speech or writing that retains the basic meaning while changing the words. A paraphrase often clarifies the original statement by putting it into words that are more easily understood.

Discover More

Derived forms.

• paraphrastic , adjective

Other Words From

• para·phrasa·ble adjective
• para·phraser noun
• mis·para·phrase verb misparaphrased misparaphrasing
• un·para·phrased adjective

Word History and Origins

Origin of paraphrase 1

Synonym Study

Example sentences.

When Obsessive Loser Duncan Stevens suggested examples for this contest — one of several Shakespeare-centered challenges he’s proposed — I told him that I wanted to stick to modern paraphrases, rather than taking him humorously out of context.

To paraphrase Peter Tosh, if Illinois were to legalize it, would you advertise it?

To paraphrase the renegade philosopher Hannibal, I love it when science comes together.

To paraphrase Fox Friends, don't get caught beating women on camera and you're safe to play in the NFL.

Barry Goldwater is not the sort of man you might expect Stephen F. Cohen to paraphrase.

To paraphrase the great John Oliver, listen up, fellow self-pitying nerd boys—we are not the victims here.

A man may weep and weep, to paraphrase Shakespeare, "and be a villain!"

The omissions are the most sensible that I have found in a paraphrase.

This is not paraphrase; it is sheer misapprehension of the Old English.

As the language in which it is written is not easily intelligible, I have added a paraphrase on the opposite pages.

Instead of "Him that maketh the seven stars and Orion," we have the paraphrase, "That maketh and transformeth all things."

More About Paraphrase

What does paraphrase mean.

A paraphrase is a restatement of a text in your own words while giving credit to the person who originated the thought. For example, President Franklin D. Roosevelt said, “The only thing we have to fear is fear itself.” You might paraphrase it in an essay by writing, “To paraphrase FDR, we have nothing to be afraid of, and we can’t let fear hold us back.”

To paraphrase means to restate something in your own words. You might paraphrase complicated information in order to make it easier for your audience to understand. You also might paraphrase something when you can’t remember or can’t verify the exact wording. It’s important to remember that you still need to credit the originator of the statement you’re paraphrasing .

Example: If you cannot remember the exact quote, you can paraphrase with precise detail.

Where does paraphrase come from?

The first records of the term paraphrase come from the mid-1500s. It ultimately comes from the Greek paráphrasis . Typically, the suffix para – means “side by side,” so a paraphrase is a “side by side phrase,” or “a phrase that means the same but looks or sounds different.”

Sometimes, people will paraphrase famous quotes, quotes from important figures, or quotes from research and change key parts of it or the overall wording to make the quote seem like it supports their claim when, in fact, it does not. For example, someone may paraphrase a quote from a research article but leave out certain details to make the research support their argument while the actual quote might not. When looking at an argument that uses a lot of paraphrases as evidence, it’s a good idea to find the original quotes to see if they truly support the argument.

Did you know … ?

What are some other forms related to paraphrase ?

• paraphrasable (adjective)
• paraphraser (noun)
• misparaphrase (verb)
• unparaphrased (adjective)

What are some synonyms for paraphrase ?

What are some words that share a root or word element with paraphrase ? 

What are some words that often get used in discussing paraphrase ?

How is paraphrase used in real life?

News, research, and academic writing often use paraphrasing to tell their stories.

To paraphrase: How long does it take to write a screenplay? Your whole life plus the time it takes to type it. — Guillermo del Toro (@RealGDT) November 8, 2015

FAQ: How many in-text citations do I need in a paragraph when I am paraphrasing (e.g., after every sentence or just once at the end)? A: The “Long Paraphrases” section of this #APAStyle page has practical guidelines and examples: https://t.co/eH9tg2nf4M — APA Style (@APA_Style) December 1, 2021

to paraphrase shigeru miyamoto, a delayed album is eventually good, but a rushed album is forever bad — xander (@mura_masa_) December 30, 2015

Try using paraphrase !

True or False?

To paraphrase someone is to quote their words precisely.

Paraphrasing - an overview

Paraphrasing is ..., what are the differences between quoting, paraphrasing & summarising .

• Why Paraphrase?
• Paraphrasing versus Plagiarism
• The Do's and Don'ts of Paraphrasing
• Paraphrasing - examples
• Further Information

Paraphrasing is 'a restating of someone else’s thoughts or ideas in your own words. You must always cite your source when paraphrasing’ (Pears & Shields, 2019 p. 245).  

(Solas English, 2017)

• Quoting means using someone else’s exact words and putting them in quotation marks.. 
• Paraphrasing means expressing someone else’s ideas in your own voice, while keeping the same essential meaning.
• Summarising means taking a long passage of text from someone else and condensing the main ideas in your own words.

Watch the video below for more information.  

(UNC Writing Center, 2019)

• Next: Why Paraphrase? >>
• Last Updated: Apr 10, 2024 3:42 PM
• URL: https://lit.libguides.com/paraphrasing

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Table of Contents

Ai, ethics & human agency, collaboration, information literacy, writing process, chapter: paraphrasing.

January 18, 2020

Paraphrasing – How to Paraphrase with Clarity & Concision

What Is a Paraphrase? Paraphrase refers to the act of rephrasing a specific part of someone’s spoken or written words, especially in a way that might be shorter or simpler, while ensuring the original meaning remains intact. Paraphrase involves more than just changing individual words with synonyms, altering sentence structure, or reordering sentences. It requires ...

June 25, 2012

When to Paraphrase

Academic writing requires authors to connect information from outside sources to their own ideas in order to establish credibility and produce an effective argument.

Sometimes, the rules surrounding source integration and plagiarism may seem confusing, so many new writers err on the side of caution by using the simplest form of integration: direct quotation. However, using direct quotes is not always the best way to use a source. Paraphrasing or summarizing a text is sometimes a more effective means of supporting a writer’s argument than directly quoting. Taking into consideration the purpose of their own writing and the purpose of utilizing the outside source, authors should seek to vary the ways in which they work sources into their own writing.

March 20, 2010

Double-Entry Response Format

The double-entry format is a useful technique to help you extend your thinking about a source or to critique an rhetor’s text. One very effective technique for avoiding note-bound prose is to respond to powerful quotations in what  Ann Berthoff calls the double-entry notebook form. The double-entry form shows the direct quotation on the left ...

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A paraphrase is a restatement of a text in another form or other words, often to simplify or clarify meaning .

"When you paraphrase," says Brenda Spatt, "you retain everything about the original writing but the words."

"When I put down words that I say somebody said they needn't be the exact words, just what you might call the meaning." (Mark Harris, The Southpaw . Bobbs-Merrill, 1953

Paraphrasing Steve Jobs

"I've often heard Steve [Jobs] explain why Apple's products look so good or work so well by telling the 'show car' anecdote . 'You see a show car,' he would say (I'm paraphrasing here, but this is pretty close to his words), 'and you think, "That's a great design, it's got great lines." Four or five years later, the car is in the showroom and in television ads, and it sucks. And you wonder what happened. They had it. They had it, and then they lost it.'" (Jay Elliot with William Simon, The Steve Jobs Way: iLeadership for a New Generation . Vanguard, 2011

Summary, Paraphrase, and Quotation

"A summary , written in your own words, briefly restates the writer's main points. Paraphrase , although written in your own words, is used to relate the details or the progression of an idea in your source. Quotation , used sparingly, can lend credibility to your work or capture a memorable passage." (L. Behrens, A Sequence for Academic Writing . Longman, 2009

How to Paraphrase a Text

" Paraphrase passages that present important points, explanations, or arguments but that don't contain memorable or straightforward wording. Follow these steps: (R. VanderMey, The College Writer . Houghton, 2007

• Quickly review the passage to get a sense of the whole, and then go through the passage carefully, sentence by sentence.
• State the ideas in your own words, defining words as needed.
• If necessary, edit for clarity, but don't change the meaning.
• If you borrow phrases directly, put them in quotation marks .
• Check your paraphrase against the original for accurate tone and meaning."

Reasons for Using Paraphrase

" Paraphrasing helps your readers to gain a detailed understanding of your sources , and, indirectly, to accept your thesis as valid. There are two major reasons for using paraphrase in your essays .

1. Use paraphrase to present information or evidence whenever there is no special reason for using a direct quotation . . . . 2. Use paraphrase to give your readers an accurate and comprehensive account of ideas taken from a source--ideas that you intend to explain, interpret, or disagree with in your essay. . . .

"When you take notes for an essay based on one or more sources, you should mostly paraphrase. Quote only when recording phrases or sentences that clearly merit quotation. All quotable phrases and sentences should be transcribed accurately in your notes, with quotation marks separating the paraphrase from the quotation." (Brenda Spatt, Writing From Sources , 8th ed. Bedford/St. Martin's, 2011

Paraphrase as a Rhetorical Exercise

"A  paraphrase differs from a translation in not being a transfer from one language to another. . . . We generally associate with paraphrase the notion of an expansion of the original thought by definitions , periphrasis , examples , etc., with a view to making it more intelligible; but this is not essential. Here is meant the simpler form, in which the pupil reproduces in his own words the complete thought of an author, without attempting to explain it or to imitate the style .

"It has been frequently urged against this exercise, that, in thus substituting other words for those of an accurate writer, we must necessarily choose such as are less expressive of the sense. It has, however, been defended by one of the greatest rhetoricians-- Quintilian ." (Andrew D. Hepburn, Manual of English Rhetoric , 1875

Monty Python and Computer Paraphrasing

"In the famous sketch from the TV show 'Monty Python's Flying Circus,' the actor John Cleese had many ways of saying a parrot was dead, among them, 'This parrot is no more,' 'He's expired and gone to meet his maker,' and 'His metabolic processes are now history.'

"Computers can't do nearly that well at paraphrasing . English sentences with the same meaning take so many different forms that it has been difficult to get computers to recognize paraphrases, much less produce them. "Now, using several methods, including statistical techniques borrowed from gene analysis, two researchers have created a program that can automatically generate paraphrases of English sentences." (A. Eisenberg, "Get Me Rewrite!" The New York Times , Dec. 25, 2003

The Lighter Side of Paraphrasing

"Some guy hit my fender the other day, and I said unto him, 'Be fruitful, and multiply.' But not in those words.” (Woody Allen)    "The other important joke for me is one that's usually attributed to Groucho Marx, but I think it appears originally in Freud's Wit and Its Relation to the Unconscious . And it goes like this--I'm paraphrasing --'I would never want to belong to any club that would have someone like me for a member.' That's the key joke of my adult life in terms of my relationships with women." (Woody Allen as Alvy Singer in Annie Hall , 1977)

Pronunciation: PAR-a-fraz

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Meaning of paraphrase in English

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• din something into someone
• drum something into someone
• flog yourself to death idiom
• labour the point idiom
• repetitively
• restatement
• I would take issue with your paraphrase of my position .
• She does not follow Shakespeare's text but has devised her own paraphrase of it.
• Allow me to end my first speech with my own paraphrase of the statement .

paraphrase | American Dictionary

Examples of paraphrase, translations of paraphrase.

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height above sea level

Keeping up appearances (Talking about how things seem)

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Techniques for Paraphrasing

When you write a paraphrase, you restate other’s ideas in your own words. That is, you write the meaning of the author’s ideas. You use some of the author’s key terms, but you use many of your own words and sentence structures. You include in-text citation, including the author’s last name and (for APA style) the year of publication.

An effective paraphrase includes more than one of the following techniques. If you use only one of these techniques when paraphrasing, you have not paraphrased effectively.  

• Change a word from one part of speech to another

Original:  Medical professor John Swanson says that global changes are influencing the spread of disease.

Paraphrase:  According to John Swanson, a professor of medicine, changes across the globe are causing diseases to spread (James, 2004).

• Use synonyms

Original:  The U.S. government declared that the AIDS crisis poses a national security threat.  The announcement followed an intelligence report that found high rates of HIV infection could lead to widespread political destabilization.

Paraphrase: The government of the United States announced that AIDS could harm the nation's security.  The government warned the population after an important governmental study concluded that political problems could result from large numbers of people infected with HIV (Snell, 2005).

• Change numbers and percentages to different forms

Original: Minority groups in the United States have been hit hardest by the epidemic.  African Americans, who make up 13 percent of the U.S. population, accounted for 46 percent of the AIDS cases diagnosed in 1998.

Paraphrase: The AIDS epidemic has mostly affected minorities in the United States.  For example, in 1998, less than 15 percent of the total population was African, but almost half of the people diagnosed with AIDS in the United States that year were African America (Jenson, 2000).

• Change word order:  this might include changing from active to passive voice or moving modifiers to different positions.  

Original: Angier (2001) reported that malaria kills more than one million people annually, the overwhelming majority of them children in sub-Saharan Africa.

Paraphrase: Every year, more than a million people are killed by malaria, and most of the victims are children who live in sub-Saharan Africa (Angier, 2001).

    5. Use different definition structures

Original: Lyme disease is an inflammatory disease caused by a bacterium transmitted by ticks (small bloodsucking arachnids that attach themselves to larger animals). The disease is usually characterized by a rash followed by flu-like symptoms, including fever, joint pain, and headache.

Paraphrase: Lyme disease-a disease that causes swelling and redness-is caused by a bacterium carried by a small arachnid known as a tick. The ticks attach to and suck the blood of animals and humans, transferring some of the Lyme disease bacteria into their hosts and causing symptoms similar to the flu (Wald, 2005).

    6. Use different attribution signals

Original: “That’s because there are so many different ways the diseases could have arrived,” veterinarian Mark Walters declared in his recent book, Six Modern Plagues.

Paraphrase: According to Mark Walters, a veterinarian who wrote Six Modern Plagues, the disease could have arrived in numerous ways (Peterson, 2004).

   7. Change the sentence structure and use different connecting words

Original:  Although only about one-tenth of the world’s population lives there, sub-Saharan Africa remains the hardest hit region, accounting for 72 percent of the people infected with HIV during 2000.

Paraphrase: Approximately 10 percent of the world’s population resides in sub-Saharan Africa.  However, this area of the world has the highest percentage of AIDS-related illnesses.  In fact, in 2000, almost three-fourths of the population had the HIV virus (Bunting, 2004).

Caution:  When paraphrasing, do not change key terms or proper nouns.

Original: In the northeastern United States, people are building homes on the edge of woods, where ticks that carry Lyme disease hitch rides on deer.  In addition, in Africa, hunters bring back the meat of animals that scientists think may transmit Ebola, a usually fatal disease that causes massive hemorrhaging in its victims.

Paraphrase: In the United States, residential areas are being built near wooded areas in the northeast. These areas are also the homes of ticks carrying Lyme disease.  Also, according to scientists, hunters in Africa kill animals that may carry the Ebola virus (an often fatal virus that causes massive hemorrhaging) (Yaya, 2004).

Schuemann, C., Bryd, P., & Reid, J. (2006). College Writing 4 (1st ed.). USA: Heinle/ELT. Reproduced by permission .

Definition of 'paraphrase'

paraphrase in British English

Paraphrase in american english, examples of 'paraphrase' in a sentence paraphrase, trends of paraphrase.

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In other languages paraphrase

• American English : paraphrase / ˈpærəfreɪz /
• Brazilian Portuguese : parafrasear
• Chinese : 释义
• European Spanish : parafrasear
• French : paraphraser
• German : umschreiben
• Italian : parafrasare
• Japanese : 別の言葉で言い換える
• Korean : 다른 말로 바꿔서 설명하다
• European Portuguese : parafrasear
• Latin American Spanish : parafrasear
• Brazilian Portuguese : paráfrase
• Chinese : 改述
• European Spanish : paráfrasis
• French : paraphrase
• German : Umschreibung
• Italian : parafrasi
• Japanese : 言い換え
• Korean : 다른 말로 바꿔서 설명한 것
• European Portuguese : paráfrase
• Latin American Spanish : paráfrasis

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What parts of speech is paraphrase?

Paraphrase can be a noun and a verb.

Noun: restatement of text in different words to clarify meaning.

Verb: to restate something.

Add your answer:

What is periphrase as a figure of speech?

Paraphrase isn't a figure of speech. However, it is a technique used by writers. It means to take new information and then put it into your own words.

Why articles are not included as a parts of speech?

articles are actually a type of determiner (adjective) because of this it is not included in parts of speech.

What part of speech is the suffix cal?

Suffixes are parts of words, therefore they are not parts of speech. Parts of speech are full words like LOGICAL - CAL is a part of that word that is an adjective.

What is the name of adjectives verbs and nouns?

Adjectives, verbs, and nouns are words or parts of speech.

Definite Article in parts of speech?

because its the part of speech

What parts of speech is the word in?

Tropical in parts of speech

What is difference between parts of speech and figure of speech?

parts of speech is the different types of words in a sentence.Figures of speech is how you speak

What are the release dates for The Parts of Speech - 1967?

The Parts of Speech - 1967 was released on: USA: 1967

What is the word tropical in parts of speech?

The word "tropical" can function as an adjective.

List of parts of speech articles?

There are nine parts of speech Noun Pronoun Adjective Adverb Verb Preposition Conjunction Article Interjection click here to learn more : realesson. com/parts-of-speech-english-grammar/

What is the difference between parts of speech and figure of speech?

The parts of speech are the nuts and bolts of language. You can talk about the functions of the parts of speech (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions) without any regard to the meanings of the words themselves. Figures of speech are creative uses of language in order to convey certain moods or meanings.

How many parts of speech?

There are twelve parts of speech:p

What is a sentence which have no parts of speech?

There are no sentences that have no parts of speech. Every word in a sentence is classified as a part of speech, such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.

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Definition of paraphrase verb from the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary

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Trump trial updates: Trump is found guilty in historic New York criminal case

This page is no longer being updated. For the latest updates, visit  NPR.org , tune in via  the NPR app , or check out the latest episodes of the NPR Politics Podcast as well as Trump's Trials .

The jury has found Donald Trump guilty of 34 counts of falsifying business records to cover up a hush money payment to adult film star Stormy Daniels ahead of the 2016 presidential election. Prosecutors argued that this was an attempt to impact the election.

Get up to speed:

• The 34 charges: The case centered on allegations that Trump falsified business records to disguise the hush money payment as legal services to his former fixer, Michael Cohen, and to conceal other crimes, such as violating campaign finance or tax laws.
• Next steps: Trump is planning a press conference for Friday at 11 a.m. ET. His sentencing is scheduled for July 11 at 10 a.m ET .
• Biden camp: President Biden's campaign applauded the verdict but said he remains a threat to democracy.

That's a wrap, for now

By Stephen Fowler

We're winding down this live blog soon, but before we do, here's a recap of what happened today:

-Former President Trump has been convicted on 34 criminal charges, stemming from his efforts to hide an alleged affair with an adult film star. (Catch up on the verdict with the latest Trump's Trials episode .)

-The jury deliberated over two days before rendering its verdict this afternoon

-Trump responded to the verdict by repeatedly calling it a "rigged trial," a "disgrace" and that the country has "gone to hell." It's part of his 2024 campaign pitch that paints a dire tone for America if he loses the presidential election.

-Sentencing is July 11th, less than a week before the Republican National Convention where he is expected to formally become the party's nominee. It's also a few weeks after a scheduled June 27 televised presidential debate against President Joe Biden.

-Trump is expected to appeal the ruling, which New York District Attorney Alvin Bragg said came in a case that was a matter of "public integrity."

-The unprecedented conviction will likely have some impact on the presidential race, though it's not clear what.

The first presidential debate is before Trump's sentencing

Donald Trump and Joe Biden are supposed to square off in Atlanta June 27 for a CNN-organized debate, which is before sentencing in Trump's felony case.

If the debate goes on as planned, expect the conviction to take a prominent place in the discussion from both moderators and candidates.

Trump has made his criminal charges a central part of his 2024 message, decrying a "weaponized" Justice Department, attacking the judges, prosecutors and witnesses in the cases and telling supporters if it happens to him, it can happen to them.

So far, Biden's campaign has largely opted to prosecute the case against Trump in other ways, but now that he has been convicted we could see Democrats lean more heavily on his criminal record in the coming weeks.

One thing both agree on: the real verdict on Trump will take place in November at the ballot box.

Michael Cohen 'vindicated,' former adviser says

By Jeongyoon Han

Lanny Davis, who was Michael Cohen's former legal adviser, told NPR's Scott Detrow that Cohen was a faithful narrator in the midst of the hush money payment trial.

"He's been vindicated," Davis said.

While many have said that Michael Cohen's testimony was a critical part of the trial, Davis was reluctant to agree. He said, rather, that the documents submitted as evidence played the largest role in convicting Trump — namely a bank statement written by former Trump Organization CFO Allen Weisselberg. That statement was of the $130,000 wire transfer from October of 2016 to Cohen as reimbursement for making an advance to Stormy Daniels.

Trump's fundraising off his convictions

Donald Trump and his Republican allies are fundraising off of his felony convictions in New York.

"They’ve raided my home, arrested me, took my mugshot, AND NOW THEY’VE JUST CONVICTED ME!," the WinRed fundraising page for the Trump National Committee joint fundraising committee, which splits contributions between the Trump campaign and the Republican National Committee.

The WinRed platform was reportedly over capacity at times earlier this evening.

Trump's criminal charges have been a major draw for campaign cash and fodder for his stump speech.

But legal fees for his four criminal cases, plus related state-level charges for Republicans who falsely claimed to be duly selected presidential electors, have bled dry balance sheets for Trump, the RNC and several key swing state Republican party apparatuses.

Will Trump go to prison? Legal experts say most likely not

By Clayton Kincade

Judge Juan Merchan could sentence Trump up to four years of incarceration at the July 11 sentencing, but this outcome is unlikely given that he has no former criminal history, legal experts say .

Lauren-Brooke Eisen, a senior director of the justice program at the Brennan Center for Justice, told NPR that it is unlikely for someone to go to prison on their first offense, especially if it is nonviolent.

Possible outcomes for Trump also include probation or something less than probation.

Judge Merchan previously denied Trump attorney Tom Blanche's “move for judgment notwithstanding the verdict,” which asks the court to enter a judgment disregarding the verdict from the jury.

What might the verdict mean for U.S. democracy?

Tim Naftali, a historian and former director of the Richard Nixon Presidential Library and Museum, told NPR's Ailsa Chang the verdict is a striking moment in American history for two reasons.

First, it shows that someone as powerful as the president can be charged and indicted by citizens under the U.S. judicial system. And second, never before have we had someone who is a convicted felon can run for president on a major party ticket, which Naftali described as a "sobering" reality for the American political process.

NPR's Mara Liasson said this will also serve as a litmus test for Trump's Republican colleagues as to whether they will further Trump's attempts to undermine political institutions. "His grievances have been central to all of his campaigns — his political life, really," she told NPR's Scott Detrow.

"This is going to affect the tenor of the race," Liasson said of the 2024 presidential election.

The prosecution v. defense

The prosecution and defense faced an unprecedented task — and according to law scholar Randall Eliason, one side turned out stronger than the other.

Eliason told NPR the prosecutors did a good job painting how the falsified documents were part of a bigger effort by Trump and Trump's campaign to shape the outcome of the election.

The defense, meanwhile, tried a "scattershot approach" of poking holes anywhere they could and denying everything wholesale, instead of painting a narrative that could explain their case, he said.

Prosecutor Alvin Bragg: 'I did my job'

By Jaclyn Diaz

Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg declined to offer any insight into the prosecution's possible sentencing recommendations for former President Donald Trump during a press conference this evening.

The judge set aside July 11 as the date for Trump to receive his sentence.

Bragg focused his statements Thursday on expressing gratitude for the 12 jurors and the prosecution team for their efforts during the weeks-long trial.

"They were careful and attentive," he said.

Bragg and his prosecution team were under a great deal of pressure, facing the ire of Trump and his supporters before and during the trial.

But Bragg said the work his team did on this case was "no different from what we are doing every single day," he told media gathered in New York City.

"I did my job," Bragg said. "Our job is to follow the facts and the law without fear or favor. And that's exactly what we did here."

Trump's next steps

On July 11, Judge Juan Merchan could sentence Trump, who has no prior criminal record, to probation, something less than probation, or up to four years of incarceration.

Trump still faces three more cases: a federal case in Washington, D.C., over whether he tried to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election; a case in Florida over his refusal to turn over classified documents to the Justice Department; and finally, the racketeering case in Georgia. That case surrounds an alleged scheme to overturn the results of the presidential election in Georgia, for which Trump and 18 of his allies have been charged. Four of those people have already pleaded guilty.

Trump to hold press conference tomorrow

In a Truth Social post, Trump announced that he would hold a press conference tomorrow at 11:00 a.m. ET at the Trump Tower in New York City. Trump called the verdict a "disgrace" and vowed to "fight until the end" just after the jury announced the verdict.

Can Trump still vote for himself?

Now that Donald Trump has been convicted of 34 felonies, he can still run for president, but you might wonder whether he can vote in November's election.

The short answer: probably!

Like most voting laws, rights for convicted felons differ from state to state.

If Trump were convicted in his pending Florida federal case, for instance, then he couldn't vote in his home state until the completion of all aspects of his sentence.

But since Thursday's conviction comes in New York state court, different rules apply, according to Justin Levitt, an election law expert at Loyola Marymount University and a former Justice Department official.

"Florida has interpreted its statute to say that a felony conviction in another state makes a person ineligible to vote in Florida," Levitt told NPR earlier this year. "[But] only if the conviction would make the person ineligible to vote wherever they were convicted."

New York law restricts people convicted of felonies from voting — but only while they're incarcerated — so if Trump does not see prison time, then he can still vote for himself.

WATCH: District Attorney Alvin Bragg holds a press conference

By Heidi Glenn

Manhattan District Attorney Alvin Bragg is now giving a news conference. Watch it live here:

Shares in Trump’s social media company are falling

By Rafael Nam

Shares in former President Donald Trump’s social media company are falling during after-hours trading following the guilty verdict announced by the New York jury.

Trump Media & Technology Group shares were down about 8% as of the early evening. It’s an early indication that shares in the company behind Truth Social are likely to fall when the market opens for regular trading on Friday after Trump’s historic conviction.

Ever since Trump Media made its stock market debut in late March, professional investors have been warning that trading is likely to be volatile as shares react to the legal — and electoral — fortunes of the former president.

Trump Media has attracted hundreds of thousands of shareholders, many of them amateur investors buying the stock just to show their support for Donald Trump. How the stock does could be an early signal of how committed these investors are to the stock. It could be a wild ride. Trump is still fighting a number of legal cases — and the presidential campaign is bound to heat up.

Trump's reaction as the verdict was read

NPR's Andrea Bernstein tells All Things Considered host Ailsa Chang that Donald Trump and his defense team sat still as the jury replied, "Guilty" to each of the 34 felony charges as they were read out loud.

Bernstein notes that Trump gave his son Eric Trump, who runs the Trump Organization now, a quick handshake before heading out of the courtroom.

Details from inside the courtroom: Trump attorney appears to accuse Michael Cohen of perjury

Before leaving the courtroom for the day but following the announcement of the guilty verdict, former President Donald Trump's attorney Todd Blanche asked the judge to "move for judgment notwithstanding the verdict" — essentially asking the court to enter a judgment disregarding the verdict from the jury.

Blanche continued in his request to the judge, saying that there was no way the jury could have reached the verdict without accepting the testimony of Michael Cohen, who Trump's defense team believes lied, and also saying, "There was perjury committed."

This is according to details from NPR reporters who were inside the courtroom.

This motion was denied by Judge Juan Merchan, however.

Cohen is a once-close ally and former fixer of the former president who testified during this trial. The defense attempted to paint him as an unreliable witness who would personally gain from Trump being convicted.

Cohen was the prosecution's key witness against Trump. During cross-examination , Blanche said Cohen has a well-documented history of lying.

A historic moment

Mark Updegrove, a presidential historian, called this a "very sobering moment" and a "big day in American history."

Speaking on NPR's live special coverage, he said this will not be the last time Trump says that the "deep state" is out to get him. But, he noted, it's unclear how Trump could use this to his political advantage. Will this further the notion in the minds of Trump's supporters that there is a deep state? Or will Americans see that there is, as Updegrove put it, "fire behind the smoke here"?

Trump to be sentenced on July 11

Judge Juan Merchan will sentence Donald Trump on July 11, just four days before the start of the Republican National Convention. The convention is where the Republican Party will formally nominate Trump as its presidential candidate.

What happens to the jury now?

This is the fourth jury to convict Trump or his organization of various counts, NPR's Andrea Bernstein points out.

When each juror went one by one to announce their verdict in this hush money payment trial, Donald Trump had all eyes on them, NPR's Ximena Bustillo notes. She says there are no protections for the jurors now that the verdict is out, and as Bernstein puts it, the jury members are "free to do what they want," whether it's speaking with reporters or not commenting on the trial.

Keeping the jury safe was a critical point throughout this whole trial, and Judge Juan Merchan made sure of that.

Here is Michael Cohen's statement about the verdict

By Tyler Bartlam

Michael Cohen, a key witness in the prosecution's case, sent NPR this statement:

"Today is an important day for accountability and the rule of law. While it has been a difficult journey for me and my family, the truth always matters. I want to thank my attorneys Danya Perry and Joshua Kolb for their invaluable guidance and support throughout this process."

Trump would not be able to pardon himself

Presidential pardon applies only to federal convictions, and this case is a New York state case. Therefore, Trump will not be able to pardon himself if elected again.

Biden campaign says verdict shows 'no one is above the law'

By Lexie Schapitl

The Biden campaign said today's New York verdict shows that "no one is above the law," but told voters that former President Donald Trump still poses a "threat ... to our democracy."

"There is still only one way to keep Donald Trump out of the Oval Office: at the ballot box," Biden-Harris 2024 Communications Director Michael Tyler said in a statement. "Convicted felon or not, Trump will be the Republican nominee for president."

Trump silent as verdict was read out

NPR's Andrea Bernstein, who was in the courtroom, said Trump was silent and still as the verdict was read out loud.

Trump's political supporters respond in outrage, calling the trial a 'sham'

Minutes after the New York jury submitted a guilty verdict on all counts for former President Donald Trump, his staunchest political supporters responded to the outcome with outrage.

Republican politicians at the state level and on Capitol Hill took to social media and referred to the trial as a "sham show" or " travesty ."

Using the very same claims that Trump has repeated, Sen. J.D. Vance, R-Ohio, referred to this trial and its outcome as " election interference " — hinting at the rhetoric that Trump and his supporters will continue to use following this case and leading up to Election Day in November.

Rep. Marjorie Taylor Greene, R-Ga., simply posted on the social media platform X a photo of an upside-down American flag — a symbol commonly used by Jan. 6 rioters that has become a symbol of election deniers.

Trump speaks, calling it a 'rigged, disgraceful trial'

Speaking to reporters outside the courthouse, Trump called the outcome a "disgrace" and said the "real verdict is going to be Nov. 5 by the people."

After blasting the judge, Trump continued to use dire rhetoric to paint the future of America if he does not win the election.

"Our country has gone to hell, we don't have the same country anymore," he said in roughly 90 seconds of remarks to gathered cameras.

Trump declined to answer questions.

Trump will likely appeal the verdict

Jed Shugerman, a law professor at Boston University, told NPR's Juana Summers that he has a "mixed reaction" to the guilty verdict. He's giving a lot of credit to the prosecution, while also noting that Trump has managed to remain unscathed by more serious charges.

Trump has said that he would appeal a guilty verdict, and Shugerman noted it's unlikely that an appeal would be decided before the election.

Trump's campaign staffers respond

Trump's campaign operation quickly responded to the verdict.

Campaign manager Chris LaCivita tweeted "The FIX was always in ..." while press secretary Karoline Leavitt denounced the "Crooked Judge" and called it a "RIGGED CASE."

Here's a summary of the charges

By Hilary Fung

The basis for the 34 counts against Donald Trump consists of 11 invoices, 12 ledger entries and 11 checks recording the repayment as legal “retainers.” Nine of the checks were signed by Trump himself. Read the district attorney's description of the allegations here .

How much does the verdict matter for the 2024 election?

Domenico Montanaro, an NPR senior political correspondent, said the trial could affect voters — but only at the margins.

67% of those polled in an NPR/ PBS NewsHour/ Marist poll said that a guilty verdict would make no difference in their vote, while three-quarters (76%) said the same of a not guilty verdict.

Only 17% overall said they would be less likely to vote for Trump if he were to be convicted.

Here's the verdict: Guilty on all counts

Just after 5 p.m., the jury filed into the courtroom to deliver the verdict against Donald Trump.

NPR's Andrea Bernstein, sitting in the courtroom directly behind Trump's team, reports that the jury found Trump guilty on all 34 felony counts of falsified business records.

Read more from Ximena Bustillo and Andrea Bernstein in New York City.

The jury is getting back into the courtroom

The jury is now moving from deliberation room to the courtroom.

A fast turnaround for a verdict

The jury deliberated for a little less than 10 hours across two days before making a verdict. Jed Shugerman, a law professor at Boston University, said it's notable how quickly the jury came back with a verdict. Shugerman told NPR's special coverage that this suggests it could be a guilty verdict.

Who is on the jury?

By Ximena Bustillo

Twelve jurors and six alternates were selected in April for former President Donald Trump's criminal trial in a process that took four days and involved the questioning of hundreds of Manhattan residents.

They were questioned about their opinions on Trump, their social media history and their backgrounds.

The jurors come from all over Manhattan , including Harlem, Hell's Kitchen, Murray Hill and the Upper West Side. They are litigators, teachers, physical therapists and investment bankers.

One selected juror said he is "ambivalent" about Trump; another approved of how Trump "speaks his mind."

The selected jurors did their best to show they would be able to separate their political and policy preferences from the legal facts to be presented at trial. The Trump legal team specifically questioned prospective jurors about their feelings and opinions of Trump and their past social media posting history .

One juror said he has "political views as to the Trump presidency" and that he thinks there were likely Trump administration policies he disagreed with. Still, he added, "I don't know the man, and I don't have opinions about him personally."

Judge Juan Merchan has tried to ensure that the jury remains anonymous, citing safety concerns. Jurors are identified by numbers, are not allowed to be photographed or recorded, and only lawyers have access to their names. Read the jury questionnaire here .

Ways Trump's hush money trial could end

The hush money trial against former President Donald Trump is nearing its end.

The jury has considered 34 charges against the Republican nominee. If they find Trump guilty, he could face prison time.

The team at NPR's Trump's Trials podcast spoke to former U.S. Attorney Harry Litman , who breaks down three broad possible conclusions the jury could reach:

1. Trump is found guilty

If the jury finds Trump guilty of all 34 counts, he would be eligible for a prison sentence. But Litman says there's “no chance, as I see it, he’s actually incarcerated before November.”

That’s because sentencing hearings are typically scheduled a few months after the verdict. Litman says even if Judge Juan Merchan chooses to give Trump a couple months in prison, it wouldn’t happen right away. If found guilty, Trump would very likely appeal the decision and any jail time would be stayed while the appeal works its way through the courts, which could take years.

2. Trump is acquitted

If the jury finds Trump not guilty on all 34 counts, the prosecution would be unable to try him again. This would be a major political win for Trump, but Litman believes the chances of acquittal are “zero.”

As the case has progressed, Trump has repeatedly used the drama inside of the courtroom as an incentive to his followers to donate to his campaign. Sending fundraising emails with provocative headlines like “I demand a mistrial!” and “They want me in HANDCUFFS."

The jury has indicated it has a verdict, so a hung jury doesn't appear to be a likely scenario.

Read the full story here .

What the jury has focused on

The jury's deliberation process has been kept mostly under wraps. What we do know is the jury has asked that testimony from David Pecker, along with Michael Cohen, read back to them.

The jury says they have a verdict

The 12 jurors have a verdict after two days of deliberation, according to notes from NPR's Andrea Bernstein inside the courthouse.

A note signed by the foreperson at 4:20 p.m. asked for 30 more minutes to fill out the verdict forms.

The seven men and five women have been tasked with an unprecedented decision: decide whether a former president and current presidential nominee is guilty of breaking the law.

Donald Trump has been charged with 34 felony counts of falsifying business records stemming from a hush money payment made to an adult film star just ahead of the 2016 election.

Those counts fall into three main buckets: 11 invoices for legal services, 11 checks paid for legal services and 12 ledger entries for legal expenses.

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St. Petersburg couple participate in speech study for earlier ALS diagnosis

ST. PETERSBURG, Fla. — A patient-focused nonprofit organization is using artificial intelligence to help analyze audio and video recordings of patients with ALS and those without the neurological disorder, to advance diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.

What You Need To Know

Everything als is conducting a speech study to help better diagnose and treat als as part of the study, people with als and those without it are recorded speaking experts say they hope to use the analysis to help diagnose als earlier.

The goal of Everything ALS is to support people with ALS, from care to cure. Founder, Indu Navar lost her husband to ALS and now works to help bridge the gap between patients, research and technology.

One of the organization's current research projects is a speech study.

“We are focusing on both prognostic markers, so we can actually bring good measurements during clinical trials, and also what we call diagnostic markers that can be used for early diagnosis,” Navar said.

Paul and Martha Beach are enrolled in the study. Paul, a successful businessman and active weekend warrior, was diagnosed with ALS in 2019.

"He was having a hard time buttoning his shirts and his ties, a little bit of difficulty writing and then felt clumsy,” Martha said of her husband's early symptoms.

As a participant in the study, Paul uses his own voice to record words and phrases at least once a month. The virtual study also records facial movements. 

Martha, an advanced registered nurse practitioner in the area of neuroscience, also records her voice as part of the study to allow researchers to compare speech patterns of people with ALS and those without the disease. She says Paul developed symptoms with his speech over the last six months.

“Initially, he had very little symptoms, as most people do, and the concern for us was how progressive, how rapid which people are unable to predict,” Martha said.

Using an eye-generated assistive device to communicate, Paul said he hopes participating in the study will help change those predictions.

“With the technology available now, precious time can be saved," he said. "I want people to be able to be diagnosed earlier."

The couple is also concentrating on helping other families through that diagnosis, by launching the ALS International Foundation .

“We are focused on care ... the opportunity that we see is helping (patients) cope, psychological counseling and that ability to help everyone that’s been affected emotionally and psychologically,” Martha said.

Paul is also writing a book to give his personal perspective on how words have mattered.

“You can give someone hope or you can take it away from them very quickly in the way they say those words,” said Martha.

The Beachs say they hope to get their message out in several ways to help raise awareness.

“So much of our lives we take for granted,” said Paul. “Simple pleasures like a glass of wine or touching your lover’s face, I want everyone to relish these things.”

He said they are sharing their personal journey to help empower those impacted by ALS.

“He’s my hero," Martha said. "He gives me strength."

• International

Donald Trump found guilty of all 34 charges in hush money trial

By CNN's Kara Scannell, Lauren Del Valle and Jeremy Herb in the courthouse

Our live coverage has ended. Follow  the latest news on Donald Trump's guilty verdict or read through the updates below. 

Here's what happens now that Trump has been convicted in his hush money criminal case

From CNN's Devan Cole

A New York jury  convicting Donald Trump  on 34 felony counts of falsifying business records brought the former president’s weekslong trial to a close but ushered in a new phase of the historic case.

Now in the unique position of being the first former US president convicted of a felony, Trump faces the possibility of a prison sentence or probation for his crimes stemming from a hush money payment scheme he helped facilitate ahead of the 2016 presidential election.

Trump – who is known for mounting lengthy appeals of court rulings against him – is also likely to appeal the conviction, which could significantly delay his sentencing, currently set for July 11.

Here’s what to know about the case following Trump’s conviction:

When will Trump be sentenced?

Judge Juan Merchan has set Trump’s sentencing for 10 a.m. ET on July 11. For now, the former president will remain out of prison as he awaits his sentencing. Prosecutors did not ask for Trump to post any bond.

Can Trump appeal his conviction?

Shortly after Trump was convicted, his attorney Todd Blanche asked Merchan for an acquittal of the charges notwithstanding the guilty verdict. The judge rejected the pro forma request.

Can Trump still be elected president?

Nothing in the US Constitution bars a convicted criminal from running for the nation’s highest office, University of California, Los Angeles law professor Richard L. Hasen has consistently said.

“The Constitution contains only limited qualifications for running for office (being at least 35 years old, a natural born citizen, and at least 14 years a resident of the U.S.),” Hasen continued.

Will the conviction cost Trump his right to vote?

Trump is a Florida resident. When it comes to the Manhattan guilty verdict just rendered,  Trump’s right to vote in Florida  in November’s election will depend on whether he is sentenced to a term in prison and if he has finished serving that prison sentence by the time of the election.

Florida’s felon voting prohibitions apply to people with out-of-state convictions. However, if a Floridian’s conviction is out of state, Florida defers to that state’s laws for how felon can regain their voting rights.

Read more on the aftermath of Trump's guilty verdict.

Stormy Daniels' attorney says she was "really emotional" after verdict

From CNN's Kaanita Iyer

Stormy Daniels' attorney Clark Brewster said his client was "really emotional" following former President Donald Trump's guilty verdict in the hush money case.

He told CNN's Kaitlan Collins that Daniels faced the "realization of the finality" and had "a lot of emotions flowing."

Brewster also responded to Trump attorney Todd Blanche saying he'd raise Daniels' testimony in appeal, arguing that "it was straightforward" and "they had an opportunity to cross examine her."

Stormy Daniels' friend said "it's a joyous day" after Trump's guilty verdict

From CNN's Piper Hudspeth Blackburn

Alana Evans, friend of Stormy Daniels and an adult film star told CNN’s Abby Phillip that she — and Daniels — absolutely feels vindicated by Trump’s guilty verdict, calling it a “joyous day.” 

"We were deemed credible, and it's heartwarming in that way because so many people judge us for who we are — our backgrounds — it's something that's thrown in our faces again and again ... it isn't a reflection of who we are as people," Evans said. Evans added that she's "really happy simply because it meant that at the end of the day, it really is a adult film star who is stepping forward and being the person to put that man to the truth."

In pictures: Trump convicted in hush money case

For the first time in history, a former US president has been convicted of a felony.

A jury on Thursday found Donald Trump guilty  on 34 charges of falsifying business records. Prosecutors alleged that the former president engaged in a cover-up scheme to hide reimbursement payments made to his former attorney, Michael Cohen, who had paid hush money to adult film star Stormy Daniels to stop her from going public about a past affair with Trump before the 2016 presidential election. Trump has denied the affair.

See more photos from the trial .

Trump is facing 3 other criminal cases while running again for president

From CNN’s Devan Cole, Amy O'Kruk and Curt Merrill 

The hush money criminal case against former President Donald Trump was only one of  four criminal cases  he is juggling while running again for president.

The former president still faces criminal indictments in Georgia, Washington, DC, and Florida. Trump has pleaded not guilty to every charge in these cases. 

Here's a recap of each case: 

• Hush money:  Trump was first indicted in March 2023 by the Manhattan district attorney on state charges related to a hush-money payment to an adult film star in 2016. Prosecutors alleged Trump was part of an illegal conspiracy to  undermine  the integrity of the 2016 election. Further, they alleged he was part of an unlawful plan to suppress negative information, including the $130,000 payment. He was found guilty of all 34 counts on Thursday.
• Classified documents:  Trump was indicted in June 2023 by a federal grand jury in Miami for taking classified national defense documents from the White House after he left office and resisting the government’s attempts to retrieve the materials. The National Archives said in early 2022 that at least 15 boxes of White House records were recovered from the estate, including  some that were classified . The charges were brought by special counsel Jack Smith. However,  Judge Aileen Cannon  has  indefinitely postponed the trial , citing significant issues around classified evidence that would need to be worked out before the federal criminal case goes to a jury.
• Federal election interference:  Smith separately charged the former president last August with four crimes over his efforts to reverse the 2020 election results. The indictment alleges Trump and a co-conspirator "attempted to exploit the violence and chaos at the Capitol by calling lawmakers to convince them ... to delay the certification" of the election. That case is currently on hold  as the Supreme Court  weighs Trump’s claims of presidential immunity in the matter.
• Fulton County:  State prosecutors in Georgia brought a similar election subversion case against Trump and others. An Atlanta-based grand jury on August 14, 2023, indicted Trump and 18 others on state charges stemming from their alleged efforts to overturn the former president’s 2020 electoral defeat. A trial date has not yet been set in that case.

Track the criminal cases  against Trump.

The post was updated with details from Thursday's verdict.

Melania Trump is in New York City, source says

From CNN's Kristen Holmes

Former first lady Melania Trump and her son, Barron Trump, are currently in New York, a source familiar with the matter told CNN. The two were already in New York when the verdict was read earlier Thursday, although it was not immediately clear when they arrived in the city.

Melania Trump did not attend a fundraiser dinner with Trump at a private residence Thursday night in New York City.

She was not seen at court during the trial.

Schumer says “no one is above the law” after Trump verdict

From CNN's Morgan Rimmer

Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer posted a brief statement about the verdict in former President Donald Trump's hush money trial on social media. 

"No one is above the law. The verdict speaks for itself," the New York Democrat said. 

Trump attorney Todd Blanche outlines appeal arguments

Donald Trump's attorney Todd Blanche told CNN's Kaitlan Collins Thursday that the former president's legal team plans to argue in its appeal of the verdict that the jury was biased against Trump and the timing of the trial was unfair.

"Every single person on the jury knew Donald Trump as president, as candidate, from 'The Apprentice' so I don't accept that this was a fair place to try President Trump," Blanche said.

He added: "There was so much publicity around the witnesses and around – leading up to the trial that our system of justice isn't supposed to be a system where every person who walks into the courtroom knows about the case."

"The law says a person is entitled to a fair trial in front of a jury of their peers and we just think that because of everything around the lead up this trial, it made it very difficult for the jury to evaluate the evidence kind of independent of what they knew coming in," Blanche said.

Blanche previewed that Trump's legal team will now "vigorously fight" with motions due in a few weeks. And "if that is not successful," the attorney said they will appeal following the sentencing in July.

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