number of references for 2000 word essay

The Critical Turkey

Essay Writing Hacks for the Social Sciences

How many sources should I use in my essay?

Possibly the most frequently asked question when it comes to social science essay writing (certainly in first and second year courses) is how many sources should be used in an essay. This is a very legitimate question, especially if you don’t have much essay writing experience to start with. But the answer is not very straightforward. It depends. Rather than providing a fixed number, this blog post lays out what it depends on, and what kinds of parameters play a role in determining the number of readings.

The purpose of referencing

First, however, a short reflection on why you need to use references in the first place. Anchoring this discussion to its purpose will help you gain a deeper understanding of the issue, and the rest will make more sense. It is tempting to see this as a tick-box exercise of a specific number of readings you need to cover. But providing references goes deeper than that.

What distinguishes academic writing from other forms of writing is that indeed, it builds on what others have written before, and makes explicit reference to it. This is because social science is ever-evolving. When we write about social class today, we stand on the shoulders of giants , scholars like Marx, Weber, or more recently, Pierre Bourdieu. And those are only the big names. Hundreds of other authors have dedicated their scholarly lives to academic research, and added bits and pieces to an ever-evolving body of knowledge, be it on social class or any other topic we write about.

Providing references to their work pays tribute to this. It is a sign of respect for the work of others. But it also a way of showing your own awareness of the different debates and different perspectives in the field. And it is a way of showing where your position is. For example, if your analysis of class follows a Marxist tradition, this will show in the readings you use, as you will be drawing primarily on authors that have also followed this tradition (and probably some original Marx as well).

Rather than this being a tick-box exercise, then, referring to the work of others has a deeper meaning. It is about who you are, and where you see yourself, as a budding scholar. And you might not think of yourself as a budding scholar (yet?), but hey, we all have to start somewhere.

Parameter 1: Your ambition

And this brings us to the first parameter, your ambition. If all you want is write a reasonably well-informed essay that achieves a solid pass and a not unreasonable grade (a perfectly legitimate ambition. In our school this corresponds to a grade in the 50s range), fewer sources will do. You still need to demonstrate you have read, and are building on the literature, but there is less emphasis on integrating, for example, different perspectives. If, however, you want to demonstrate that you really know some stuff, and are aware of at least some of the different perspectives (in our school, a 60s essay), you will typically use a few more sources, integrate a few more perspectives, and a little more data and evidence. If you are aiming for those really high grade ranges (in our school, 70 and above), you want to show more of an ‘overview of the topic’, an awareness of a slightly bigger part of the body of knowledge that exists, which will result the use of additional sources, and an extended bibliography.

Okay, I know you want numbers. Here we go then. Let’s say this is a typical 1,500 to 2,000-word essay, first or second year, Social and Political Science at Edinburgh University (if you’re at another school or university this might be different. Even some individual courses might be different. Always check for local conditions): a typical 50s essay here will probably use four or five sources; in the 60s, it tends to be around five to ten, and typical 70s or above essays use probably somewhere between eight and 15 substantive sources. These are rough estimates, though. And importantly, these numbers are not deterministic. You could write a brilliant essay based on just five or six sources and still get that first. Or you could use 15 sources in your essay, but if your argument is off, or your writing is incomprehensible, or the sources aren’t very good, you might still only get a 50s grade.

Parameter 2: The kind of question

The second parameter to consider is the kind of question you are addressing. There are two main distinctions to make here: first, whether the question is mostly on a specific theory or on a topic. More theoretical questions tend to need fewer readings. For example, it could ask about a specific concept by a specific author, say Foucault’s concept of power/knowledge, or Mead’s idea of the Self. Rather than looking at several different viewpoints, this kind of essay question is asking you to engage in detail with only one author’s perspective. This means there is less importance on breadth of reading (expressed in a higher number of readings). However, this does not necessarily make things easier, as there is instead more emphasis on depth of reading. You need to engage thoroughly with that one text, more that you would otherwise. And even though the emphasis is on one author’s theory, depending on your ambition, you still want to consult additional literature, and see how other authors have interpreted and contextualised this particular theory.

If the essay question is on a specific topic, on the other hand, say globalisation, gender inequalities or social class, there is usually more of an emphasis on the breadth of reading, and of you demonstrating awareness of different perspectives and interpretations. This tends to result in a higher number of bibliography entries.

The second aspect of the ‘kind of question’ parameter you need to consider is how many dimensions the question has. In the above example, if the question is about one theorist, you will typically need fewer readings than if the question is asking you to compare theories, for example, compare Foucault’s notion of how power and knowledge are connected to what Marx and Engels wrote about the issue. Both might be 2,000 word essays, but the number of readings is likely to be twice as many if you add this comparison.

The same goes for topic questions. These, too, can involve several dimensions. A question that asks about the impact of globalisation on cultural practices in Japan is more likely to be focused on a selected number of core readings. If a similar question asks about the impact of globalisation on culture, the economy and politics in Japan, this multitude of dimensions will require additional readings for the additional dimensions.

Parameter 3: Quality of sources

Another parameter that determines the number of sources you need to use is the quality of your sources, and the kinds of sources you use. Once again, two distinctions are important here. First, there is a difference between core readings, and ones that are more peripheral. The core readings should indeed provide the core of your argument, and the basis for the essay to build on. They are usually provided in the course material, either as essay readings, or for the respective lectures or course units the essay builds on. The decisive point, however, and what defines these as core readings for the purpose of your essay, is that they touch on the core of what the essay is about. Peripheral readings are ones that provide examples, additional material, data and illustration. They help your essay branch out, and cover just that little bit more ground. The point, however, is that they are additional, and if push comes to shove, you could probably do without them. The core readings, in contrast, are indispensable.

This distinction is important for how you count your number of readings. Core readings count fully; peripheral readings, not quite so much. This can become a problem if your bibliography is overly weighted towards peripheral readings. If you have, say, ten readings in your bibliography, but only one or two are on the core of the topic, this will be insufficient, despite the relatively high number of readings. If we take the above example of the effects of globalisation on Japanese culture, if only one or two readings are on globalisation, and ten others on examples, this might leave the core a little hollow, and the discussion of globalisation in a more general sense might just not have sufficient substance. I have used the word ‘might’ here, because this does depend on the kinds of readings, and there is a chance that this bibliography actually does work. The important point is that this is something you need to pay attention to, and ultimately it is your judgment call.

The second distinction of the kinds of sources is between academic and non-academic sources. As a rule of thumb, you should be very careful about using non-academic sources in the first place. All of the above is written on the assumption that we are talking about academic (i.e. peer-reviewed) journal articles and books. Under certain circumstances, however, it is possible to use non-academic sources, such as news articles or blogposts, mostly to provide current examples and illustration of whatever you are writing about. If you do use such sources, however, they should never be seen as a replacement for academic sources. And when you count how many sources you have used, you should simply take these out of the equation. If you have used, say three academic sources and 15 non-academic sources, in the eyes of your marker (at least if I am that marker) you have only used three sources, plus some additional, peripheral, illustrative material. This is not to say that this additional material cannot also be very useful. But as discussed above, academic essay writing starts with an acknowledgment of what is already out there in terms of academic literature and research, and is based on the body of knowledge that has evolved over time on a specific topic, not on yesterday’s news.

Parameter 4: specific instructions

The last parameter to consider can throw the entire calculation over board. It is whether the essay question comes with specific instructions. Such instructions could be, for example, that an essay in social theory really only needs to engage with this one theory. This gives you permission to limit the number of readings. However, be careful here, as this can be a false friend. Reading additional secondary literature on the theory might actually help you understand it better.

Or you might be encouraged to use news articles to provide examples for your discussion. This can potentially lead to a much higher number of bibliography entries. But as discussed above, this should not replace academic literature, and the latter should always form the basis and core of your discussion.

These four parameters are what I think are the most relevant determinants for the number of readings you need to use in your essay. But maybe I missed something? What other considerations do you think are important? Or maybe you disagree with some claim made in this article? Do let me know in the comments below.

3 thoughts on “How many sources should I use in my essay?”

These articles are so, so helpful. Thank you so much.

Thank you so much! This helps me a lot : )

This is so helpful and clear, thanks a lots

Leave a Reply Cancel reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment.

HTML Text How many sources should I use in my essay? / The Critical Turkey by blogadmin is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0

Plain text How many sources should I use in my essay? by blogadmin @ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0

Report this page

To report inappropriate content on this page, please use the form below. Upon receiving your report, we will be in touch as per the Take Down Policy of the service.

Please note that personal data collected through this form is used and stored for the purposes of processing this report and communication with you.

If you are unable to report a concern about content via this form please contact the Service Owner .

• Place order

How to write a 2000-word Essay: What works Best?

Writing a remarkable 2000-word essay is an overwhelming task for students. This type of essay requires an overwhelming amount of knowledge, time to write, and the ability to organize your thoughts concisely. This guide will explain everything you need to complete a 2000-word essay.

How long is a 2000-word essay?

In academic writing, a 2000-word essay is the same as four pages of a single-spaced document or eight pages double-spaced one . Double spacing means there should be blank lines between each line of text that prevent them from blurring together. Your instructor may ask you to double-space the essay to make it easier to read and to allow reviewers to make comments or suggestions about the assignment.

Each page of single-spaced content has 500-550 words, while a double-spaced page has 250-275. If you are using MLA or APA formatting style, the formatting standard for an essay should be (1) double-spaced, (2) Times New Roman font, and (3) one-inch margins all around. If you use Ariel font pages

How Many Paragraphs is a 2000 Words Essay

A 2000-word essay consists of between 7 and 9 paragraphs, each having between 3 and 5 or more full and coherent sentences. Please note that there are no proper rules on how many sentences your paragraph should have since each paragraph discusses different ideas relating to the main topic of your essay.

Some paragraphs could be shorter and others longer. Some paragraphs could be a sentence shorter, and others about half a page long. What matters more is how you structure and complete the paragraphs.

However, you should not concern yourself with the length of your paragraph that you forget what matters most: the content of the paragraphs. Communicate effectively the quality of the message to ensure you answer the topic.

Can I Write 2000 Words in Two Hours?

Writing a 2000-word article in two hours is challenging but not impossible. Typically, a good essay requires in-depth research, a clear structure for the paper, and an organization of your ideas, which requires adequate time.

However, quickly completing an essay depends on your familiarity with the topic and typing speed. Most adults have an average typing speed of 40 words per minute (WPM). However, for experienced typists, the average typing speed is about 76 words per minute. Many college students trying to finish their assignments on time usually type 60-70 words per minute.

If you are having an essay crisis and can’t seem to figure out how to write a 2000-word essay in two hours, use the following tips;

Plan your essay

Take 10 – 15 minutes to organize your thoughts by identifying your essay's main topics and ideas. Focus only on key ideas and avoid unnecessary details to save time. Then, decide how you will organize them in your paper. A great tip is to have a logical order, ensuring a link between all ideas.

Research Efficiently and effectively

All academic papers, especially long-form essays like a 2000-word essay, require in-depth research to gather supporting information for your topic. You need to dedicate a few minutes to gather sources before writing.

Write the Introduction

Use 5-10 minutes to write a compelling introduction, beginning with a hook to grab readers' attention. Then, provide some context about the topic and state your thesis statement.

Write the Body Paragraphs

Allocate 10- 15 minutes to discuss each idea supporting your main topic. If you have 5 ideas, it will take you about 50 minutes to finish writing the body of your essay.

Write Your Conclusion

Use 10-15 minutes to finalize your essay by restating your thesis statement, summarizing the main points, reminding the readers why they should care, and providing recommendations/ suggestions for the main topic.

Revise Your Essay

Use 20 minutes to review your draft to correct any mistakes you made while writing. The final draft should be free of any errors (punctuation, grammar, and spelling) and be plagiarism-free. You must also ensure that all ideas are clearly and concisely written.

Please note that writing a 2000-word essay under time constraints will likely affect the quality of your work; however, following the above tips ensures you finish a well-structured 2000-word essay quickly.

What is the Format for a 2000 Word Essay?

A 2000-word essay is an academic paper with the same format as others. This means it has an introduction, a body paragraph, and a conclusion. Your introduction and conclusion should comprise approximately 25% of the total word count of the essay, while the rest of 75% should be dedicated to the body.

Introductions

An introduction of a 2000-word essay is 5-10% of the total word count. It should be between 100 – 150 words of concisely written content. If you have no idea what to include in the introduction, the following tips will offer a starting point.

• Set the scene
• Introduce the topic or problem under discussion.
• If needed, provide definitions of complex concepts.
• An explanation of why the topic or problem matters. (provide the size or the scope of the matter).
• The purpose of the essay.
• Introduce the thesis statement, which is the central idea of the essay.
• Briefly provide the outline you will use to explain the paper's logic.

Your introduction should be a paragraph or two long since a paragraph is made of 100 words.

The Main Body

A body of a 2000-word essay will make up about 75% of the total word count. It should be divided into 5-7 paragraphs, each discussing one central idea that identifies the main topic. These paragraphs should be 150- 250 words, each supported by 2 or more references. Note that the longer the assignments, the more important it is to provide links that refer to earlier points, thus connecting ideas.

When you begin writing the body, your ideas will likely flow randomly from the mind. Since you are writing for readers with different backgrounds and viewpoints, you must organize these ideas to make it easier for them to process and understand. Use the following format to organize the body of your essay;

• Write a topic sentence that identifies the paragraph topic you will discuss.
• Supporting information , such as examples, details, and evidence, contributes to the main topic. When you provide evidence, ensure you explain why it is relevant to the topic.
• A concluding sentence also acts as a transition to the next paragraph. Provide a conclusion that reminds readers of what they have read and shows the topic's significance.

Use the above format to organize the rest of the body paragraphs. Consider writing this plan on paper and pinning it on your desk to remind yourself whenever you write an essay. 

Additionally, consider using the following writing techniques and tools to help finish your essay in under two hours.

Technique 1: The Pomodoro technique

The Pomodoro Technique. This technique involves working continuously for 25 minutes and then taking a 5-minute break. The Pomodoro technique is effective because it allows you to focus while avoiding burnout. Research shows that taking regular breaks can increase well-being and performance.

Technique 2: Write in Batches

Writing in batches is an effective method to finish a 2000-word essay in two hours. It involves dividing your essay into sections and working on them before taking a break.

Use tools such as Grammarly and Hemingway Editor to help edit your work and ensure no errors before submission.

This is the final paragraph of your essay. Like an introduction, a conclusion makes up about 5-10% of a 2000-word essay. This means that a conclusion for a 2000-word essay has approximately 100-150 words.

If you follow the above format, the total word count will 2050.

How Long Will It Take to Write a 2000 Words Essay?

Finishing a 2000-word essay will take 6-8 hours on average. However, if you are just typing the essay without doing any in-depth research, outlining the work, or adding citations and references, it will take about 50 minutes. For a handwritten essay, it takes about 1.7 hours to finish a 2000-word essay.

Please note that some students can finish a 2000-word essay in just under two hours, while others can take at least five days (2 for in-depth research, 2 for writing the essay, and one for revising and editing) to finish. All this will depend on the complexities of the topic. A complex topic will probably require more time for research, especially if getting the sources for the topic is challenging.

The assignment deadline will also influence whether someone can finish the essay quickly or not. Many students often find themselves swamped with assignments, wondering which to prioritize. If you have a 1000-word essay and another for 2200 words, prioritize the latter and focus on finishing the shorter one later.  

If you want to finish your essay quickly, avoid distractions such as social media, TV, friends, etc.

How Many References Are in a 2000 Words Essay

A 2000-word essay should have between 10 and 20 high-quality references. Please take note that these are just suggestions. Logically, there should be a source in every paragraph. Each argument supported by credible evidence must have a reference. Some factors that will determine how many references each of your paragraphs will have include:

The Type of Research

If you are conducting empirical research, you will need more references compared to doing research for a theoretical paper. This is because the latter focuses on synthesizing existing concepts.

Depth of the Research

If your 2000-word essay is about a complex topic, you must do more thorough research to locate all the evidence supporting or refuting your claims. This means your essay will have more references than one that does not need much research.

Assignment’s Requirements

Your instructors will specify the number of references to use in your essay; they might verbally communicate this in class or highlight it on the assignment prompt. Thus, it's essential to always read and understand your prompt before working on the assignment.

If there are no specifications about essay references, check with your instructor how many are appropriate for the type of essay you are writing.

Writing Time by Word Counts

The following table outlines how long it takes to complete an essay, depending on the number of words.

From the above table, it's clear that a person's typing speed will dictate whether they can finish an assignment quickly or not.

Writing Time by Page Counts

Wondering how long it takes to complete a page? The table below will let you know how long it will take to finish an essay based on page counts.

This rough estimate is based on slow, average, and fast writers.

Tips to Help You Finish a 2000 Words Essay

So, you left your 2000-word essay until the last minute and can't seem to figure out how to finish it on time? No worries. The following tips can help.

Eat a Good Breakfast

A study published in the National Library of Medicine has shown that eating a good breakfast is associated with positive outcomes for learners and professionals. Breakfast gives you energy after fasting overnight for more than 7 hours. Take some brain food fuel, such as yogurts topped with berries, to give you steady energy as you write your essay. This will prevent you from feeling hungry, which could be a distraction.

Pick Your Equipment and Workstation

When you sit down to write, everything must be within reach. So, pick a conducive environment away from distractions and collect all materials like your laptops, pens, notebooks, etc.

Set Time Management Goals

When you have an urgent assignment that is 2000 words long, time management is key to success. Good time management skills will help you finish the task quickly while avoiding distractions. You can break up your tasks into chunks and work on them individually.

Use Online Tools to Speed Up the Research Process

Research can take an awful amount of time, especially for a complex topic. So, speed up the process by using online tools like Google Scholar to find sources for your essay.

Also, check if your instructor has published a list of sources on your module's online platform. Most of them are kind enough to put them online.

Write Your Notes directly on Your Laptop.

Normally, when researching a topic, you will write ideas in a notebook and then use it later when typing on your laptop. However, since you are in a hurry, skip this step and directly type the ideas and their sources on our computer. Once you are done, you can drag and drop paragraphs in the correct order.

An essay that is 2000 words long is a common type of essay you will encounter in school. You must be well prepared by understanding what it takes to complete this type of essay. Whether you are a seasoned writer or a beginner, the above guide will be helpful when writing a 2000-word essay.

If you are struggling with writing a paper or essay that is 2000 or 2200 words long, we can help. EssayManiacs has a team of professional writers who can write such an essay in under a day or between 7 and 8 hours or less. Therefore, if you want help with your assignments , we are online and ready to help. Please place an order, and we will assign your paper to a writer within the next few minutes. In terms of cost, it should cost you around $18-25/page, depending on the urgency. Engage us for a discount.

Need a Discount to Order?

15% off first order, what you get from us.

Plagiarism-free papers

Our papers are 100% original and unique to pass online plagiarism checkers.

Well-researched academic papers

Even when we say essays for sale, they meet academic writing conventions.

24/7 online support

Hit us up on live chat or Messenger for continuous help with your essays.

Easy communication with writers

Order essays and begin communicating with your writer directly and anonymously.

Free 2000-Word Essay Samples

765 samples of this type

A 2000-word essay is a standard undergraduate college assignment. You might need to write an essay of such a length on almost any discipline: psychology, philosophy, science and technology, linguistics, political science, etc. While writing a paper of 2000 to 2100 words, you will need to demonstrate an in-depth knowledge of the topic and the ability to structure your thoughts well.

Business Plan of Veteran Fitness Center

Executive Summary This paper outlines a business proposal for a fitness center in Sharjah for military veterans who do not have health coverage for physical fitness. It analyzes the external and internal environments, risks, and prospective growth. The business proposal is viable owing to a number of factors. For example,...

Information Technology-Based Data Management in Retail

Introduction Data management has become an important part of organisational management. When appropriately integrated into the company’s business environment, IT-based data management offers a wide range of advantages in operations, marketing, HR, and finance. At the same time, irresponsible handling of data creates a number of major ethical considerations. The...

Human Resource Management: Benefits and Key Issues

Introduction Proper management in the modern business environment is a significant criterion that largely determines the success of a particular organization and its recognition in the market. One of the aspects of heads’ work is the control over personnel, in particular, the distribution of immediate duties. The significance of this...

Annie Lebovitz – Famous Photographer

Annie Leibovitz is one of the best portrait photographers in today’s era. She focuses her works on a variety of subjects but mostly among celebrity portraits. The range of her photographs creates scenes that touch the soul. The substances of her photographs, along with her unique mental picture, have the...

Theories of Learning and Motivation

Theories of learning and motivation Education theories and approaches employed in various domains bring up valuable nuances on links establishable student motivation and aspects like achievement and retention. There are useful insights to tap from how the process of education is implemented in the workplace and non-formal environment. What has...

What Is a 2000-Word Essay Length?

An essay of 2000 words is approximately 8 pages double-spaced or 4 pages single-spaced. The most common format for all the major citation styles is 12-point Times New Roman, double spaced. This is about 250 words per page. While APA 7, MLA 9, and Chicago also accept fonts like Arial and Calibri, TNR 12 ppt is still preferable.

2000 Words Is How Many Paragraphs?

A 2000-word essay contains 13 to 20 paragraphs on average. The length of a typical academic paragraph is about 100 words. You should include at least four sentences in your paragraph.

How to Structure a 2000-Word Essay?

A paper of 2000 words is not necessarily an essay. Such a length is also suitable for an extended essay, research paper, or term paper. In addition to the introduction, body, and conclusion, you might need to include other elements, like an abstract, methods, and discussion. This will depend on the genre of your assignment.

How Long Does It Take to Write a 2000-Word Essay?

Typing 2000 words on a keyboard usually takes 40 to 80 minutes, depending on your typing speed. However, if you need to write an academic paper, add time for research, formatting the text, and preparing graphic materials. You’ll need at least 6 hours for 2000 words.

How Many References Are in a 2000 Word Essay?

The final number of references that you should include in an essay of 2000 to 2050 words will depend on the assignment’s genre and complexity. For instance, on middle-school level, you’ll have to add 13 references on average. A bachelor-level assignment of 2000 words will require 26 references, while a graduate-level paper should refer to at least 40 sources.

Music Artists and Advertising Deals

Introduction There has been a change in terms of the attitude of artists regarding the issue of getting involved in advertising deals as a way of supplementing their income. This has been occasioned by the dwindling sale of their recorded music. During the 1960s, those artists that were involved in...

A Compensation Program: Review

By assessing the current progress of employees’ performance in the entire organization, the management has decided to come up with a restructured compensating program as a way of trying to improve the performance for the better. It is in this line that the management has assigned the human resource director...

Validation Program for a New Benchtop Steam Sterilizer

Introduction The decontamination process mainly seeks to eliminate and reduce the level of all unwanted and contagious materials from reusable medical devices. It is for this purpose that steam sterilizer type B has been invented in order to facilitate the decontamination process. The decontamination process includes cleaning, disinfection and sterilization...

Irish Healthcare System: HR Management and Financing

Introduction The management of the healthcare sector requires using not only adequate leadership practices and approaches to monitoring employee performance but also appropriate funding for innovation and industry development. In the work process, medical specialists of various fields, including physicians and nurses, face various problems and issues that need to...

The Importance of Ethics in Personal and Professional Life

Ethical consideration is an important issue in personal and professional life. Over the years, ethical conduct has attracted diverse opinions. This has been the case especially when people compromise ethics for material or other gains. Ethical practice is not an easy task; it calls for a person to be dedicated...

Cultural Exploration: Mr. Jesse Holmes

Introduction The given cultural exploration will primarily focus on Mr. Jesse Holmes. He is African American and was old enough to experience the first wave of Desegregation Programs among American Magnet schools of the 1970s in St. Louis City. The given individual was chosen because his experience of being in...

The Novel “Passing” by Nella Larsen

Introduction Passing is the ability of an individual to exist in a different social class, such as race, ethnicity, social group, and gender, to gain social acceptance. The term appeared in the United States in the 1920s and described mixed-race people who referred to themselves as white when legal and...

Talent Management and Succession Planning

Introduction The globalizing world is compelling companies to identify and implement evidence-based approaches that have the potential to maximize organizational efficiency. Firms need to rely on this knowledge to transform their managerial and human resources (HR) practices to ensure that they remain sustainable. In the international market, organizations tend to...

Employee Retention and Motivation Policies

Introduction Employee retention is one of the essentials for the company to provide sustainability of working processes. Employees play a significant role in providing long-term stability and success for the organization. Moreover, the company is meant to ensure its employees have decent working conditions to retain and motivate them. It...

The United Kingdom Employment Rights Act

Introduction The UK Employment Rights Act attempts to set various criteria or tests to differentiate a contract of service from a contract for service. Further, the Act grants certain rights to the first category of services that are not available to the latter. Typically, a contract of employment gives rise...

Post-Modernism in Literature

The 20th-century literature in its stylistic and ideological variety is non-comparable to the literature of the 19th century, where it was possible to allocate only three or four leading movements. At the same time, modern literature has not given more great talents, than the literature of the 19th century. The...

Semco Engineering and Grimsville Borough Council’s Management

Introduction Organizational culture and climate, morale, and human relations have a great impact on the performance of the organization and its business success. The fact that people work together for a common purpose is not enough to justify calling them a team because there is more to a team than...

Organisational Behaviour in Teams and Groups

Introduction For human beings it is typical to unite in various groups, teams and organisations. For the sake of order and avoiding anarchy certain rules and laws are established in these organisations that regulate the principles of organisational behaviour. Accordingly, organisational behaviour is the basis of the successful performance of...

Pendux Incorporation: International Business

Introduction Pendux Incorporation is a private limited company that was established in 2000 within the coffee industry in US. The firm’s headquarters are located at New York. Pendux Incorporation deals with retailing and wholesaling of roasted coffee. The management of the firm ensures that its products are of high quality....

“The Great Gatsby” by F. Scott Fitzgerald: Beliefs and Values

Introduction Past experiences, achievements, and challenges will influence people’s lives and the decisions they make. Individuals who acquire appropriate guidance or support will eventually develop a powerful philosophy that can inform most of their actions and aims. Many authors and novelists focus on their past observations and experiences in an...

• Environment

“The Sixties” by Terry Anderson

The Sixties by Terry Anderson analyzes the impact the decade had on American society. The book does not simply summarize the events of the decade, but places them into a context that today’s readers can easily understand. It discusses major events such as the civil rights movement, the Vietnam War,...

Due Process in Australian Criminal Justice System

Introduction Due process is an important concept in a country’s justice system. As a result, a right to due process is considered by many countries as a fundamental element in the fight to uphold human rights. The right to the due process ensures that the government respects the legal rights...

“Business Ethics” Book by De George

Causal and Moral responsibility Causal responsibility is simply a descriptive sagacity of responsibly. Under the causal responsibility, intention or agency is not imputed to the actual cause of an action. Thus, Causal responsibility does not carry any implication of blame or praise in an action. The causal responsibility is inclined...

Tools for Efficient Team-Leadership Experience

Introduction to Team-Leadership Theory Every single organization needs a team leader who is liable to organize all company processes to perform themselves as a united body. The mechanism of arranging the company performance where all organization participants work collaboratively in order to achieve a final goal of a company adjustment...

Fear Appeals in Public Health Campaigns

Introduction Smoking is a significant contributor to the deterioration of public health since it has a negative impact not only on the health of smokers but also on the health of people who choose not to light up. Hence, anti-smoking efforts are essential to public health measures, which aim to...

Decision Making and Its Impacts on the Company

There is no use denying the fact that we live in the age of great changes and blistering development of various issues. The fact is that nowadays technologies and society go along, introducing new phenomena and issues that change the traditional patterns. That is why, if a person wants to...

Hotel in Dubai City Center: Project Management

Introduction Value is the art of striking a balance between client satisfaction and the consumption of resources, which entails the optimal use of resources to reach the desired goals. Value management, therefore, is the hands-on, innovative problem-solving service. It entails the use of a detailed, multi-disciplinary tactic to reveal the...

Silver A-Plus Card: Marketing Precision

Executive Summary Consumers love a bargain no matter their market demographic and some consumers continue to patronize the same types of stores for their purchasing needs. With the holiday season closing in, Bank of America is releasing its new Silver A-Plus card in an attempt to capitalize on the increased...

Socio-Cultural Aspects of Chinese Architecture

Introduction The importance of ancient architecture cannot be neglected or misunderstood because it tells a lot about people, their history, and the choices made and approved during the centuries. China is the nation with a long 4,000-year-old documented history with a number of ancient architectural activities (Fu, 2014). During these...

The Benefits of a Dedicated High Speed

Introduction Definition, Transport refers to the movement of goods and services from one place to another; railway transport involves the movement of goods, people, and services from one place to another. Railway refers to a laid down track that guides the wheels of a train to ensure it does not...

• Communication
• Advertising
• Performance

Americanization Is Not a Synonym for Globalization

Introduction Due to being one of the most formidable countries in various dimensions, the USA is frequently regarded as having had a great impact on the development of the world’s culture. In fact, there persists an opinion that cultural globalization is nothing else than Americanization of the world’s cultures. Quite...

Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment in Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease

Introduction Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a concerning chronic disorder of the digestive system with worldwide prevalence and a tendency to affect a growing population. Although GERD rates vary among different countries, it is currently one of the most common health conditions within the clinical practice (Diniz et al., 2014)....

Agile-Scrum in Healthcare Project Management

Sindhwani, R., Singh, P. L., Prajapati, D. K., Iqbal, A., Phanden, R. K., & Malhotra, V. (2019). Agile system in Health Care: Literature Review. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering, 643–652. The article is written by Rahul Sindhwani, Punj Lata Singh, Devendra Kumar Prajapati, Aamir Iqbal, Rakesh Kuamr Phanden, & Vasdev...

Global and Cosmopolitan Education System

The general issue of citizenship has been contested over a long period. Some people argue for cosmopolitan citizenship, while others support national citizenship. However, due to increasing globalization, the issue of education for globalization has been emerging as more countries seek to produce globally eligible students. This study will evaluate...

Abuse and Neglect in Media

The media today pays a lot of attention to issues that are related to child abuse and neglect. This is because incidences of child abuse and neglect have been on the rise in recent years. This role of the media has been effective in notifying the public of the various...

Organizational Culture: Essay Sample for Free

Organizational Culture: Essay Introduction An organisation’s culture plays an integral role in influencing its success. Particularly, the corporate culture entails the values and behaviours that account for the uniqueness of the organisation’s psychological and social environment. The culture is founded on an array of shared features, including the rules, beliefs,...

Immanuel Kant, David Hume, Friedrich Hegel: Political Discourse

Introduction This paper traces the advancement of political thought via a study of some key writers of political discourse such as Immanuel Kant, David Hume, and Friedrich Hegel. Emanuel Kant was a German philosopher, and he was well known for his enormous contribution towards shaping the modern philosophy. Hume was...

Communicable Diseases: Influenza Analysis Through the Lenses of Determinants of Health and the Epidemiological Triangle

Introduction The influenza virus, also colloquially known as “the flu,” is one of the most widespread diseases in the world. It is comprised out of several strains that share similarities based on their structure, biology, and effects on humans but differing in responsiveness to treatments and other factors (Wang &...

Talyllyn Railway Company’s Supply Chain Management

The Problem The Talyllyn Railway in Wales is an example of a once-successful tourist-oriented enterprise that contends with the challenge of the modern and more competitive tourist market. As the tourism industry grows, people are drawn to resorts and fun places that offer a novel experience and pleasure such that...

Graffiti, its Significance and Drawbacks

Introduction Graffiti is a type of modern art that is considered for different purposes by different people. Some people use this as a tool for expressing their feelings and expression related to the society and to the life; others prefer it as a way to express their disagreement or agreement...

• Relationship

Understanding Brain and Learning Conncetions

Introduction The brain is one of the most complicated and multifunctional organs in the human body. Medical specialists, psychologists, and neuroscientists have always been paying special attention to its abilities and role in the organism. One of the main functions of the brain is connected with the process of learning....

The Impact of Greek Philosophers on Current Life

Many scientists agree that Ancient Greece is the cradle of European civilization. Its philosophers, scientists, and poets greatly contributed to the development of Greek culture. Modern philosophical thought would be impossible without the works of Aristotle, Plato, and numerous philosophical schools. Dramatic art would have been different if, at one...

Global Issues, Advocacy & Caregiving for Patients in India

Introduction States may be subjected to a common issue. However, they may have different ways of dealing with the issue. Most of the issues that affect states relate to their economic and social status. One of the tragedies that have affected the world is the HIV/AIDS pandemic. HIV/AIDS is a...

Servant Leadership in the Church and Its Purpose

Introduction Leadership is a quality that people can be endowed with if they can manage other groups for development. In addition, leadership qualities are formed over a long period, thus becoming the result of a person’s experience. Among leadership types, there is Servant Leadership, the essence of which is the...

Coca-Cola’s and Samsung ‘s Home and Host Marketing

Introduction Over the recent past, several companies have been devising strategies that facilitate penetration of international and domestic markets. The need to penetrate international and domestic markets emanates from the advancement in technologies that have led to the globalisation of markets and change in consumer behaviour. To succeed in international...

W. E. B. DuBois’ Power of Good Communication Skill

Throughout his books and other writings, William Edward Burghardt (W.E.B.) DuBois focuses on presenting well-written, fair-handed arguments for the fair treatment of African-Americans in this country. Acknowledging the accomplishments of white leaders with sincere language and forthright structure, he also denounces them for their failure to see the logistical error...

Truths and Myths About Alzheimer’s Disease

Introduction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is considered the most general form of dementia, occurring mainly among older people. Dementia is a brain disorder, which affects a person’s capability to carry out simple everyday tasks. Alzheimer’s affects those parts of our brain which control our thoughts, language and memory. It causes nerve...

Analysis of Advantages and Disadvantages of Abortion

Introduction Abortion remains one of the most controversial topics in the world. Many people believe that it is wrong and consider it to be murder, where a significant number support it but for specific reasons. Abortion provides one of the unending and disturbing American moral and legal struggles. The topic...

Discusses of the Role of Gender in the Employment

The Role of Gender in the Employment, Career Perception and Research Performance of Recent PhD Graduates from Dutch Universities Abstract Recent decades have seen a sharp increase in the number of female PhD graduates in the Netherlands. Currently, the share of females among newly graduated PhDs is almost on par...

Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

The use of either qualitative or quantitative methodology in a study constitutes several research determinants. The present exploration is used to explain the concept behind the two articles by Le et al. (2018) and Kuo, Hiler and Lutz (2017), but not to position one item as superior to the other....

• Corporation
• Accountancy
• Christianity

Risk, Return, and Capital Asset Pricing Model

Introduction The present report was commissioned by the CEO of SysConsult International. The purpose of the report is to analyse the possibility of investment in Logical IT and Safeworth Grocery. The analysis assumes that a one-year Treasury note will have a rate of return of 5% over the next year,...

Criticism of the Netflix Series “The Squid Game”

As is often the case, literary works, or any other form of “text” with broad appeal cannot be evaluated from only one perspective. There are a considerable number of people living on the planet, and each of them has its own cultural and ethnic background. The presence and quality of...

Who Is to Blame for the Tragedy of Othello by Shakespeare

The Tragedy of Othello, The Moor of Venice is a sexual jealousy tragedy that pioneers the investigation of racial discrimination. Shakespeare’s play, which the great playwright wrote in 1603, presents the image of Othello, a general of African descent. The main idea of the conflict lies in the fact that,...

Early Childhood Education: The Role of Leader

Properly organized child care and education before school is the key to developing his thinking, memory, attention, imagination, speech, and physical health. Educational leadership is constantly being developed and maintained in the culture of the ECE environment (Davitt & Ryder, 2018). Without these basic qualities, it will not be possible...

Coca-Cola Company Competitive Position

Executive Summary The main objective of this report is to evaluate the competitive position of Coca-Cola. The models used for analysis include the Porter’s Five Forces, PEST analysis, and SWOT. The company experiences moderate pressure from the potential entrants because of the low switching costs. Although there are many substitute...

Revolutionary Communism vs. Democratic Socialism

Revolutionary communism and democratic socialism are examples of political ideologies that were byproducts of Marxism. Viewed from a certain perspective, the said political ideologies are similar in terms of their shared disdain for capitalism. Adherents of revolutionary communism and democratic socialism are moving towards the same goal. They want to...

British Social Enterprises’ Success and Challenges

Introduction In the contemporary world, people always venture into different businesses to earn a living by making profits. Sometimes they start large social enterprises, which are expected to generate income for them. As Konda, Starc, and Rodica (2015) observe, although the majority of them give up when they face hardships,...

Social Security for the Elderly in the United States

Introduction In the United States, the social security program is an initiative of the government that is intended to assist retirees. As such, it comprehensively covers virtually all the workers; however a majority of the federal employees, as well as those who have been employed by either the local or...

Operations Management Research

Introduction Technological progress brought many changes to the way humans lived and, in particular, how they produced goods. The old ways of homesteading and self-sufficiency gave way to massive economies of scale. There was no other way, as the population soared and concentrated around economic and industrial hubs. Investigating what...

Actions Following an Anonymous Call Alleging an Imminent Bomb Explosion

Introduction Nothing is as confusing as telephone calls that warn people of imminent destruction from explosions and other forms of attacks. This is because there is the likelihood that the person would be playing with the organization or the individuals concerned. It is also possible that there is the alleged...

• Criminal Justice
• Globalization

Due Process Law in Australia

Introduction Conservative and liberal views have always competed for dominance for as long as democracy has been in existence. While conservatives assumed a strict approach to certain social issues, liberals were more flexible and allowed for fairness and consideration of each individual’s perception of an issue. It was from this...

The Battle for Atlanta in American Civil War

The Preamble On September 2, 1864, Atlanta, also known as the gate to the South, fell. This day has become one of the significant turning points in the history of the Civil War and the predecessor of the shortly after Federal military campaign in the Georgia state. Both sides of...

Design and Health Promotion Program for Someone to Quit Smoking

Background Smoking is one of the main targets of health promotion programs since it damages body organs (Tait et al. 2006) leading to many deaths and health complications (Miller et al. 2005). However, persuading a person to quit smoking can be quite a challenge (Drevonhorn et al. 2007) due to...

Abolishing Out of Pocket Healthcare Insurance

Introduction Out-of-pocket healthcare refers to a mode of healthcare payment that entails using one’s own money to purchase health services; there is no support from insurance companies. US healthcare is costly and complicated and is paid for through premiums. The policy brief aims to bring to the government and the...

Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Criminal Justice System

Effect of Historical Events on Criminal Justice System The United States of America has a long history of racial and ethnic minorities being discriminated against by the ruling majority. Genocide of the Indigenous tribes, enslavement of African Americans, fugitive slave laws, Jim Crow laws, and the War on Drugs, among...

Four Seasons: Multicultural Team’s Challenges

Introduction The high competition in the global market has forced most companies to invent different coping mechanisms. Failure to counter completion can push an organisation out of local and international market. Currently, most organisations focus on improving the quality of their products and implementing advanced technology to ensure operational efficiency....

Integrated Marketing Communication and Promotion

Introduction Marketing is a fundamental element that is incorporated as a means of communication between customers and an organisation. The objective of advertisement is to manipulate changes in the behavioural characteristics exhibited by clients. Vital promotion campaigns allow institutions to establish processes through efficient communication that is skewed towards attaining...

Burberry Corporation: Job Opportunities and Increasing Income

Executive Summary Burberry is a multinational corporation that specializes in the production of apparel, accessories, and cosmetics. The company is famous for the manufacture and distribution of trench coats. Burberry has outlets in the United States, Asia, Europe, Australia, and Africa. It runs a promotional campaign dubbed “Burberry Bespoke”, which...

Nissan Motor Company’s Business Environment

Introduction Major changes in the global business environment have led to the decline of major players in many industry segments. The automotive industry, for instance, is experiencing a major disruption associated with the increase in demand for electric vehicles (E.V.s) and the entry of new participants, such as Tesla Inc....

Fanon Frantz on Revolution Leaders and Masses

Introduction Revolutions are an integral aspect of political evolution in the society. The success or failure of such a movement is dependent on the conduct and capabilities of the leaders and the masses.1 To this end, it is important to analyze the roles of these two parties with respect to...

• Business Planning
• Comparative Literature
• Cybersecurity

The Impact of Globalization on Labor Market and Trade

Abstract Globalization refers to the coming together of the international markets. It contributes to the forming of trade blocks. Globalization has opened the international market to developing states and countries that can now trade freely. On the other hand, it poses a significant threat to the growth of local industries,...

Gun Control Issues and Solution in the US

Sandy Hook, Las Vegas, Columbine, and Virginia Tech are some of the cities that have witnessed mass shootings attributed to poor gun control measures. Every time an incidence of mass shooting arises, Americans take different positions regarding gun ownership (Fox & DeLateur, 2014). Some citizens demand the enactment of stringent...

Disaster and People Behavior Changes

Disasters have continuously occurred In the world causing adverse effects not only to the physical environment and the people affected physically by that disaster but also to the future generations of the place. These disasters, whether man-induced or natural have to lead to changes in the ecosystem. The Tsunami, the...

Leisure in Victoria Britain

Growth of Popular Leisure Activities during the Period 1860-1910 Leisure may be viewed as an important aspect of human life as it gives an individual the privilege of relaxing after putting a lot of effort and time into work. In simple terms, leisure may be described as the spare time...

Social Trinity: Interpreting Christian Doctrine

Social Trinity is an interpretation with regard to the Christian doctrine on trinity. The main and central idea lies in the fact that this concept of trinity comprises of three persons whose relationship constitutes its very nature. Over the last three decades, there have been increased outpouring of the writings...

Movies Based on J. Austen’s Books Review

Introduction Both movies Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen are adaptations of the author’s novels. The films aim to describe the history of England, where women possessed numerous issues of oppression and inequality. The movies also illustrate how greed and financial gains shape cultural norms and...

Identity and Social Hatred. Diversity and Identity

A person’s sense of identity plays an essential purpose in establishing one’s role in society. It always goes in conjunction with the degree of cultural diversity, which cannot be fully appreciated without valuing an individual’s identity. However, these terms can be opposed by various forms of social injustice, such as...

The Role of Diet and Exercising in Healthy Aging

Introduction Aging is an issue that has attracted several researchers in the past, who have defined it differently. Da Costa et al. (2016) described aging as breaking down a self-organized system, causing a reduced ability to adjust to the environment. Lemoine (2020) considered it as a progressive accumulation of changes...

Fintech Startup Curve Analysis

Curve is a UK-based startup that aims at changing the way people deal with their card payments. The purpose of this startup is to reduce the number of credit and debit cards in a wallet to just one. The idea and its realization appeared to be innovative and, combined with...

Best Practices in Addiction Treatment

How an Understanding of Trauma Informs the Development of the Interventions Most soldiers suffer from Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) due to the exposure to traumatic incidences during the course of dispensing their mandate. Studies have established a great connection between PTSD and addiction. This assertion holds because most soldiers...

• Discrimination

Financial and Management Accounting

Financial ratios Group one The first group contains the returns on capital employed. It is a fundamental ratio that is used to assess the financial health of an institution. Return on capital employed is obtained by dividing operating profit and capital employed. It is a suitable measure of the profitability...

Issues with Modern Technology in Airport Security

The threats of terrorism, drug trafficking and violence are forcing governments and businesses to tighten control and security measures in crowded places. Even at concerts or in schools, one can see metal detectors that check visitors to find dangerous items for society. Airports and planes are areas of increased risk,...

Communicable Diseases: The Epidemiological Potential of HIV

Introduction The problem of HIV as a severe communicable disease that significantly affects the population of the United States could hardly be overlooked. As it is stated on the HIV.gov website, an estimated 1 million people in the country are currently infected with HIV. Also, one out of every seven...

Bank of Credit and Commerce International Case

Introduction When the branch offices of the Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) in seven countries were raided and taken control of by the law enforcing agencies in the respective countries in early July 1991 one of the major bank scams involving billions of dollars was brought to light....

Infant Baptism in the First Five Centuries

Introduction Infant baptism refers to the practice of baptizing children few days after they are born. The question of necessity and purpose of baptizing infants has been of interest to theologians since the first century. Theologians have been keen to show justification for infant baptism while others especially in evangelical...

Church History: Egeria and the Crusades

Introduction The starting point of the present research should be the justification of the actuality and necessity of it. It is evident that in the study of historical events the primary role is always played by the study and analysis of the primary sources (documents, letters, etc.) as they the...

Supply Chain Management: Office Products Company

Introduction “The global credit and economic crunch has put more pressure on strategic supply chain management Blanchard” (2007 p.48) and (Rousel, & Cohen, 2005 p.123). In this regards, Supply chain managers and practitioners should ensure all suppliers come out of the downturn and are able to help them capitalize on...

CYC Sales and Business Strategy

Executive Summary Charge-Your-Car (CYC) innovative charging devices disrupt the market and promise a competitive advantage for the start-up. Nonetheless, the need for rapid revenue margin growth encourages the company to focus on the less traditional market of electric vehicle consumers. The core strategic proposal is to supply the rural regions...

Continuous Professional Development in Contemporary Nursing Practice

Introduction This essay focuses on such a concept as Continuous Professional Development and its importance for contemporary nursing practice. It should be noted that the modern world is marked by technological innovations, which have served to improve the form of care provided. In addition, treatment procedures are constantly being improved...

Wealth, Poverty, and Systems of Economic Class

Introduction In economics, poverty, wealth, and society’s economic stratification are interrelated concepts linked to racial, gender, and regional inequalities. Disparities in income and wealth distribution contribute to societal stratification and the emergence of social classes. In a capitalist economy such as the United States, the conflict arising from competition for...

• Agile Project Management

Societal and Gender Construction Affecting Incidents of Domestic Violence

Introduction The recent surge in incidences of domestic violence has continued to baffle policymakers and scholars alike. However, some theories have been advanced by scholars to attempt to explain this latest scenario. A feminist perspective, however, offers a bottomless understanding of domestic violence by examining how social and gender constructions...

Consumers’ Buying Behavior and Social Media

Introduction Individuals contribute item reviews, information about a service, food or wellness advice, admonitions regarding things, instructions on how to use certain items, and more aspects as customers. The purpose of this work is to investigate the impact of social networks on the decision-making activities of customers. The use of...

Organizational Behavior in the “Up in the Air” Film

Welcome to our Up in the Air organizational behavior sample analysis. Learn more about management, negotiation, and ethical issues in the movie. Get some ideas on how to write your organizational behavior movie analysis! Organizational Behavior Movie Analysis Introduction There are a lot of books and movies showing the stories...

Professional Performance Characteristics and Workplace Effectiveness

The effects of personality and emotion on individual behavior and performance at work Nowadays, it becomes increasingly clear to many managers that, unlike what it happened to be the case with non-human mechanistic systems, the dynamics within human systems (e.g. collectives of employees) do not solely concern the qualitative specifications...

The Boeing Company’s Stakeholder Analysis

Introduction In the wake of concern for citizens’ safety and security, the recent accidents that occurred to Boeing planes, particularly, the 737 model, put the company in an extraordinarily difficult position. Boeing owes a tremendous amount of responsibility to its key stakeholders, passengers’ safety being the key area of the...

“The White Book” Novel by Han Kang

The White Book is a novel written in 2016 by a South Korean writer, Han Kang. The unique and unconventional way of narration that is usually used by the author ensures the popularity of her books that are recognizable in different parts of the world (Hartanto 265). In 2018, the...

Avast Software: Company Analysis

Executive Summary Avast Software is a globally recognized multinational company and leader in the area of providing cybersecurity solutions for individual customers and businesses. The company, which serves users in Europe, the Americas, Asia, and Africa, has been demonstrating stable financial growth. As the leader among its competitors, Avast is...

Toyota Company’s Total Quality Management

Introduction In the industry of auto manufacturing, Toyota is considered as one of the most admired and highly emulated. In Asia, Toyota ranks as the biggest car manufacturer. The cars that Toyota produced have encompassed almost all the regions in the world. Toyota has successfully competed with car companies in...

United States Embargo Against Cuba

Introduction The United States of America has been in the past put several sanctions and embargoes against several countries, particularly those nations that it believes are sponsoring terrorism. Such embargoes are mainly liked to effecting restrictions on finances and economic assistances. Countries that have suffered this fate include Sudan, North...

Homeless War Veterans in America

Introduction Many of the citizens of this great country have served this country in times of war. However, the kind of treatment they get afterwards is worrying as many of them suffer in the hands of hopelessness for them to look for better places to stay. This situation has caused...

Chris Anderson: Digitization of Music

In an influential article titled The Long Tail that was published in 2004, Chris Anderson asserts that we should forget about making about making a few mega hits in the charts. He claims that the future of entertainment lies in the niche markets that are not captured by the much...

The Copyright Act of 1968 Overview and Analysis

Introduction Work of art, music, writing, film making, symbols, names and slogans among many others categories all have a creator behind them (Giannakas 82); for this reason, individual’s creative expressions and innovations are very valuable and therefore there is need to protect this kind of work in order to prevent...

Remote Work Impact Immigrant’s Chances of Working for the US

Introduction Remote working is the new trend amongst large businesses operating at a global level. Remote working allows professionals to conveniently work outside the normal office environment. Employees can work from wherever they are and at their most convenient time of the day. In the United States, more companies and...

Benefits of Cloud Computing for Businesses

Introduction Cloud computing is an emerging concept that is recently creating a buzz across industries. Many companies today have deployed cloud computing due to the benefits it offers. According to Scott (2021), some of the world’s leading employers in such industries as power, including ENEL SpA and Siemens, have all...

“All Quiet on the Western Front” by Erich Maria Remarque

Introduction “All Quiet on the Western Front” is an opposition book set throughout World Conflict I that draws on Remarque’s own experiences in the war to portray the era’s more considerable disenchantment. William Pfeiler is a critique who thinks that this novel is a world sensation (Pfeiler). The book is...

Digital Technologies: Use, Benefits, Implications, and Future

The Use of Digital Technologies Digital technologies have given room for meaningful interaction between users from various backgrounds, leading to a resolute social existence. The greatest output of this existence is seen in massive generation of information which offers users desirable service. However, one of the dangers of such information...

Walt Disney Company: Change Management

Company Background The Walt Disney Company is known around the world for its unique projects, which are loved by children all over the world. Everyone of any age has heard of this company, as well as the name of its creator. No wonder, because the firm Walt Disney has existed...

Management: Teamwork Issues Resolution

Introduction Team development is the process of upgrading the skills of the team members, improving the interaction between them, and enhancing the overall working conditions of the team to increase the effectiveness of their work. Thus, team leaders must be able to identify, shape, support, motivate, lead, and inspire their...

The CareCo Ltd Company’s Annotated Meeting

Interview Managing Director: Hello members, welcome to our 20th CareCo Ltd Directors meeting. Thank you, all directors, for the ambitious efforts to make this organization match the level it has reached today. As we all know, CareCo Ltd is an organization that provides personal care and in-home support to aged...

Technologies Importance in Nursing Documentation

Introduction Prior to technology adoption, nurses would pass down information to each other verbally. Most documentation was defensive; it focused on protected the nurse or care institution from litigation, slow and difficult to access. However, with the use of computerized systems to record nursing information, it is now possible for...

• Immigration
• Organizational Behavior

Epidemiological Features of Ebola

Introduction Dangerous communicable diseases have ceased to carry a big fear for both doctors and patients over the past few decades. The fact is that the developments of healthcare and progress in this sphere have caused quite strong protection of the population against possible severe ailments. However, even today, some...

Adidas Corporation’s Organizational Justice

Introduction Organisations are entities whose functionality depends on their constituents such as individual employees, departments, units and policies. There is a need to develop policies in a system that ensures harmony and a fair interaction of the constituents. The manner, in which the organisational resources are shared in the departments...

Managing Organizational Changes

Introduction Organizations should inherently adapt and change consistently to remain competitive and effective. In the modern economy, shaped by global factors and shareholder vision, organizations are often driven to change by environmental and external factors. These may vary, ranging from new technologies and practices to shifts in political and economic...

Hobbes’ State of Nature and Absolute Sovereignty

Introduction Thomas Hobbes’ discussion of the state of nature prompted responses from a multitude of other philosophers and scholars. The author’s principal argument is that, without governmental control, people would always remain in their natural state, which is “a condition of war of every one against every one” (Hobbes 1660,...

Sugar Processing: Term Definition

Introduction Sugarcane is a fleshy, tall perennial grass crop that grows fast infertile tropical soils (Sheridan, 2000). Physical and climatic factors such as temperature, soil, rainfall, and other factors largely affect its growth (Sheridan, 2000). The crop’s origin can be traced to South Asia and Southeast Asia, where it was...

E-Government and Its Challenges

Introduction E-Government is the usage of internet technology in the delivery of government services. It is not uncommon to come across tedious processes used by governments in the accomplishment of very simple tasks. The bureaucratic nature of government makes the whole undertaking a nightmare due to the long time taken...

Francis Scott Fitzgerald’s Jazz Age Perception in “The Great Gatsby”

Introduction Great works of literature remain in history for a variety of reasons. Some of them represent a particular era masterfully, leaving the reader with strong, vivid impressions. This objective is attained through accurate use of specific symbols, strengthening the work’s relation to a particular epoch, and contributing to its...

The Importance of Data Recovery Plan

Introduction The issue of information security and privacy is very critical in every establishment. However, important information may be lost through natural disasters and other processes. This can lead to significant inefficiencies in an organization. For example, loss of patients’ health records can have adverse impacts on them. For instance,...

Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cause-Specific Mortality in Black and White Adults

Study Summary In the article titled, “Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Cause-Specific Mortality in Black and White Adults in the Southern Community Cohort Study,” Matthews et al. (2014) strived to understand the causality between physical activities and adult mortality among male adults from two ethnic groups (African-Americans and Whites). The...

Diverse Sexual Expression: Collection of Artifacts

Attitudes Toward Sex Positivity Several months ago, I attended a play party at the invitation of a friend of mine. The meeting aimed to popularize the idea of sex positivity and overcome complexes through entertaining conversations and quizzes. At this party, all those present were gifted with the same T-shirts...

• Information Technology
• Photography
• International Relations

Literary Theory: Perspectives and Approaches

The study of literary texts always involves the problem of multiple meanings because of interpretations. One need only think of any of the movies, books, or even songs whose familiarity was shared with a friend. In this case, even close friends, who usually have similar worldviews and interests, will see...

The Role of Social Seclusion and Economic Marginalization in Crime

Introduction High rates of crimes and violent activities are becoming a dire threat to the population worldwide. With rapid population growth and challenging economic times in society, criminologists have difficulty controlling crimes leading to extensive studies on the significant causes of crimes. Crime causative factors include social seclusion, economic marginalization,...

The US Film Industry’s History and Competitiveness

Introduction The US film industry has gained global recognition and dominance, with its films being watched all over the globe. With annual revenue of $5 billion, a 27% decline from the previous year, it shows that the US is a major player in this industry (Escandon, 2020). The US film...

The History of Basketball

It is interesting to know that a Canadian invented the game of basketball. Great games are supposed to originate in Europe, in exotic countries, or perhaps in the great cities of the United States of America. But no one will consider a Canadian as the originator for something that is...

Injustice in Shelley’s Frankenstein and Milton’s Paradise Lost

“Th’ infernal Serpent; he it was, whose guile Stird up with Envy and Revenge, deceiv’d 35 The Mother of Mankinde, what time his Pride Had cast him out from Heav’n” (Milton Lines: 34-37) The monster created by Mary Shelley in Frankenstein (henceforth mentioned as Frankenstein) and the character of Satan...

Dubai Television Matrix Company’s Business Plan

Executive Summary Dubai Television Matrix is an entertainment company that consists of a network of television services that provide online on-demand access to television content in Dubai, both domestic and foreign. Dubai Television Matrix is located in Dubai. The company was established in 2016. It currently aims to expand its...

Globalization’s Impact on Banks in Canada

Introduction In the face of the globalization forces, not even the Canadian banking industry has been spared. Thanks to the current trends in capital mobility, the banking system has heavily suffered at the hands of globalization. It is no doubt that the financial markets of today have a characteristic high...

Panic Disorder and Agoraphobia

Introduction Panic disorder is a chronic a psychiatric condition that can be treated. This condition is normally found in young adults, and it has been estimated that about sixty percent of patients who suffer from panic disorder also have agoraphobia. Agoraphobia often coincides with Panic Disorder. Agoraphobia is defined as...

Corporate Financial Analysis of Gap, Inc

Industry: Apparel Stores Gap, Inc. Date: 01/09/14 Ticker Symbol: GPS – NYSE Recommendation: Hold Current price: $46.15 Price Target: $46.03 Earnings per share Ratio 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Earnings per share 1.58 1.88 1.56 2.33 2.74 Price/earnings ratio 14.8 12.3 10.7 15.2 14.0 Highlights The company reported an increase...

Pacifism and Nonviolence Approaches to War and Peace

Introduction Individuals, countries, and regions have different beliefs and ideologies, making conflicts inevitable. The way conflicting parties approach their differences plays a significant role in determining whether a skirmish will occur or not. There has been concern about the use of force or war to influence changes or accomplish desired...

• Criminology
• Nursing Theory

Construction Project Management and Communication

Issues and Constraints Effective construction communication needs the engagement of all the stakeholders to design a plan for building a piece of property. As a project manager, I will communicate with the necessary stakeholders and develop a construction project for the client who purchased the property five years ago. I...

Criminal Behaviour as Result of Free Will

Even the ancient Greeks tried to find a logical explanation for why people commit crimes. In the theory of guilt, the question of free will emerged because the circumstances of the time demanded it; besides, the cleverest philosophers could not resolve the dispute. Within philosophy, there were two schools of...

Project Management of Ottawa Wheels

Introduction “Ottawa Wheels” organization is aimed to provide car owners with high-quality repair services. By using the latest innovations and mechanisms, professional workers of the company make customers satisfied and constantly receive positive feedback. The website has an easy interface that attracts new potential clients, and many people mention that...

Digital Society in Black Mirror’s Episode Nosedive

Introduction Charlie Brooker is the creator of one of the most successful British sci-fi television series Black Mirror. The show is highly acclaimed, yet controversy surrounds how it depicts the modern and potential realities of human societies in Western countries. Despite having specific differences, they are all dystopias that emerged...

Ethics of Computer Technology in the London Riots

​Introduction Information Technology is closely associated with computer and communication. Instigating from fiscal 1990, the fields of information technology and communication were combined to form information and communication technology (ICT). This has led to the creation of electric products which are merged devices that can multitask. For example, a cellphone...

Healthcare Finance: The Budgeting Implications of the Issue

Introduction This paper chooses a particular healthcare accounting issue or problem, the disposition of which requires special skills of healthcare leaders. The issue is contained in the article entitled “US city budgets stable – but decisions loom” by Marks, Alexandra (2007). The paper will also discuss the budgeting or accounting...

Social Policy Analysis: Stopping the Opioid Crisis in Veteran Population

Introduction The problem of the opioid epidemic in the USA has been at the center of an ongoing discussion for several years. Despite its growing relevance to multiple population groups across the nation, evidence shows that veteran populations are twice as likely to die of opioid overdose as average citizens,...

Personal Nursing Philosophy: Metaparadigms and Practice-Specific Concepts

Nursing Autobiography In the account of developing this personal nursing philosophy paper, my personal professional resume was critical in evaluating my deep intuitions about the nursing profession. Educationally, I possess a Bachelor’s degree in nursing that I acquired in 2011 and I have been a Registered Nurse (RN) from 2005-2009,...

Self-Consciousness in Hegel’s Phenomenology of Spirit

The Phenomenology of Spirit is a philosophical work by Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, first published in 1807. The result of this paper is a systematic attempt to chart the development of human consciousness as it moves from naivety and unconsciousness through various stages of self-awareness until it finally reaches a...

Taiwan as a Country for International Business

Executive Summary A large Canadian company is considering expanding its foreign operations to include Taiwan. It has an approximate size of 36,200 square kilometers. As a result, this country is an attractive market due to its large population of 23.5 million people. In this market, the Canadian company is expected...

• Crime Investigation
• Entrepreneurship

Maternity Nursing: Breastfeeding Initiation and Continuation

Introduction The improvement of maternity care quality and the reduction of infant morbidity are the main concerns of maternity nursing. It has been broadly addressed in professional literature, research findings, and statistical data that the health of a newborn child vastly depends on breastfeeding initiation. The World Health Organization (2018)...

Specific Racism Against Chinese Americans

Introduction Racism has got varying meanings depending on the opinion of a person. Allen de Benoist defines racism based on the UNESCO’s 1978 “Declaration on Race” as a theoretical observation in which a person sees himself or herself as belonging to a racial or cultural grouping that is intrinsically superior...

Living With Disability: Medical and Social Models Application

The Medical Model of disability According to Scambler (2008:43), numerous medical analysts perceive this model as an antecedent of the social model of disability. This model exemplifies disability as a disease or a state of abnormality. This means a person lacks the normal features, which characterize other human beings. In...

Federation and Liberation in Australia

Introduction The transition from colonial rule is characterized by fundamental policy changes that define a nation’s autonomy. In Australia, the Federation in 1901 was a turning point in the nation’s identity. It entailed the unification of the six different colonies to form a central government. Analyzing the driving forces for...

Travelodge Hotel’s Strategic Advantage

Introduction Some conditions offer different companies the advantages of manufacturing goods and services at relatively low prices for their customers. Strategic advantages allow companies to generate more revenue in a competitive environment (Lestari et al. 365). The rationale is that they are positioned to provide their clients with goods and...

Motivation Techniques at Workplace

In the business environment, motivation can be defined as the internal state that activates behavior and energizes individuals to goal-oriented behavior. It is a composition of design beliefs that directs these needs me to take action. Motivation can include things such as inspiration, encouragement, and support. Motivating factors are the...

The Effects of Globalization to Employment and International Trade

Abstract Globalization refers to the growing interconnectedness among global societies, economies, and cultures, primarily due to increased trade in goods and services, foreign investment, exchange of knowledge and information, and immigration. This phenomenon has affected employment and trade significantly. It has increased wage inequality and destroyed jobs, especially in manufacturing....

Exploring Patterns and Relationships in Mathematics

Abstract This paper proposes solutions for three learning problems: each of the proposed problems was solved using concrete, that is, taking into account the manipulation of real objects, and abstract, that is, by adopting a mathematical symbolic language, approaches. Polya’s approach of conceptualizing and fragmenting the overall problem was used...

China’s and Hong Kong’s Cross-Border E-Commerce

Abstract The enforcement of a policy to control the import of commodities via the CBE platform affects the Chinese economy significantly. The taxation provisions of the policy established recently imply that consumers experience both fair and unattractive prices of commodities they purchase via the CBE system. Thus, the policy fails...

Process Improvement and Its Role in Organizations

Introduction Process improvement (PI) is most popular among researchers and practitioners nowadays (Veldman et al. 2014), and in this paper, an attempt at explaining this phenomenon is made. In particular, process management and its types, including PI, are defined, and PI is described in detail. The paper includes a discussion...

Free Essays by Words

Imperial College London Imperial College London

Latest news.

US health research agency ARPA-H sets out funding vision during Imperial visit

Seven Imperial scientists elected as Fellows of the Royal Society

GSK backs Imperial’s Fleming Initiative with £45m pledge to fight AMR

• Library Services
• Administration and support services
• Learning and teaching support
• Information and research skills
• Using and managing information

How many references should I have?

Use as many references as you need You’ll need an appropriate amount for your academic level – this will vary

Reference everything you cite  If you use an idea, cite and reference it

Ask your tutor They may have guidance for you on how much reading they expect you to do

Students sometimes worry that there is an optimum number of references that they need to cite.

There’s no right or wrong answer  answer as to how many references you need – it depends on how many you’ve cited in your writing!

The most important thing is that you don’t plagiarise. Make sure you include references for everything that you’ve cited in the text, so that it’s clear where your information has come from.

Depending on what you’re writing, you might have only a few. As long as they are appropriate for your level of study, and you have enough evidence to back your arguments, you shouldn’t worry.  Lab reports, for example, might have relatively few references because you are writing up work that you have done in the labs.  

You can also look at the marking criteria for your assignment as that might indicate on what is or isn’t sufficient. If in doubt, check with whoever set you the work as they might be able to give you a clearer idea.

Remember, you are looking to provide proof that you have done the research. Citations and referencing point your readers to the sources you have used in your research process.  

2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas

Writing a 2000-word essay may seem overwhelming at first, especially if you’ve dealt with smaller tasks before. However, writing such a paper is the next step in your educational process. Two thousand words length is typical for critical writing assignments, movie reports and reviews, book reviews, reports of all kinds, and research papers.

You may face the need to compose a 2000-word task at any moment and in any class. Here are the basics of writing a paper of this length with hot, relevant, and interesting topics you may cover. And if you’re looking for more inspiring samples, check the page with free essays online for students !

• 🏆 Best Topics for 2024
• 📝 Research Paper Examples
• 💡 Report Topic Ideas
• 👫 Peer Pressure Essay Examples

✏️ How to Write a 2000 Words Essay

• 📃 Essay on Integrity: Examples
• 📣 Persuasive Essay Prompts
• ✅ Argumentative Essay Examples
• 🌎 Globalization Essay Samples

🏆 Best 2000 Words Paper Topics for 2024

Here are a couple of 2000-word essay topics you may borrow or tweak a bit to present an interesting, well-researched, and thought-provoking paper.

• The promise and failure of multicultural education.
• Pros and cons of religious education at schools.
• Misinformation and lack of access to data about climate change.
• Can households play a role in air pollution decrease?
• The contribution of social media to medical care quality.
• Psychology and physiology of living with allergy.
• Pros and cons of a vegetarian diet for a child.
• The medication addiction epidemic in the USA.
• Alternatives to animal testing.
• Ethics behind placebo treatment.
• Pros and cons of child vaccination.
• The role of standardized testing in public education.
• Ethical and legal concerns of metal detector setup at schools.
• Social media and peer communication at schools.
• Modern technologies for educating blind and deaf children.
• Alternatives to paper usage for tree protection.
• The real magnitude of deforestation.
• The science behind GMO products’ impact on human health.
• The ethical problem of beauty contests.
• Long-term impact of violent games on children’s temperament.

📝 2000 Word Research Paper Examples

• Flooding Problem in Philippines Flooding affects every region of the Philippines neighborhood, and several low-lying regions in the Manila City, such as Espino, Taft, Malabo, and Valenzuela, are usually among the worst hit in every series of flooding that […]
• Greek and Roman Theatre Differences The design was further involved in the seat arrangement that ensured that the actors were clearly heard by the people on the uppermost semicircular bench of the theater.
• I Have a Dream Speech Analysis The speech has become a symbol of a new era of freedom and symbol of the American civil rights movement.”I Have a Dream” is a representation of the “America Dream” about a free and equal […]
• Tesla Globalization: A Strategic Marketing Plan + Expansion Strategy First, it is worth mentioning that, according to the company’s website, the mission of the business is to manufacture and promote a product that would allow for a more sustainable use of the natural environment.
• Pros and Cons of Hosting the World Cup Considering that grants would be obtained from FIFA to partly support the preparation, the revenue body in the state would benefit from such grant and the developments that will be carried out with the support […]
• PepsiCo Leadership Style: Indra Nooyi Leadership Style Indra Nooyi ensures the long-term sustainable performance of PepsiCo with her leadership approach that is focused on collaboration and is considered to be extremely significant for the whole company.
• “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight” Symbolism In the context of the “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”, the pentangle brings together the influence of “the five virtues, the five wounds of Christ, the five senses, the five joys of Mary the […]

💡 Topic Ideas for a 2000 Word Report

If you’re tasked to write a 2000 words essay, sample topics in the following list can help you out. They are suitable for lab report-type writing on a variety of subjects.

• Straw panel manufacturing for eco-friendly housing.
• Alternative energy source use in your location.
• New statistical applications in medicine.
• Exploring plant photosynthesis on the example of kale.
• Preventing unauthorized access: lab report in cybersecurity.
• Blood sugar regulation.
• In-vitro antimicrobial activity of rosemary.
• Hematological parameters of malaria patients.
• Microbial analysis of expired bread.
• Water quality analysis.
• Impact of local spices and herbs on community health.
• Correlates of yeast cell absorption speed.
• Emotional regulation in children.
• Environmental pollution: local parameters.
• Dehydration of cyclohexanol .
• Wind engine use: a case study of local practices.
• Impact of noise level on the nervous system’s resilience.
• Quality of detergents.
• Computer modeling of gait.
• Caffeine levels in tea and coffee.

👫 2000 Words Peer Pressure Essay Examples

• The Influence of Peer Groups on Youth Crime The impact of youth crime on the community is profound, and so is the influence of criminal behavior on the lives of adolescents.
• Friends’ Influence and Peer Pressure in Adolescents The list of physical and emotional transformations happening to the young people during adolescence is universal; the processes are the same for all teenagers.
• Online Peer Support Groups for Depression and Anxiety Disorder The main objective of peer support groups is connecting people with the same life experiences and challenges to share and support each other in healing and recovery.
• A Peer Intervention Program to Reduce Smoking Rates Among LGBTQ Therefore, the presumed results of the project are its introduction into the health care system, which will promote a healthy lifestyle and diminish the level of smoking among LGBTQ people in the SESLHD.
• Bullying and Peer Abuse Especially at work, targets fear coming to work and this will have an adverse result in the efficiency of the staff in the hospital.
• Peer Assessment and Productivity of Low Achieving Students To be more exact, the fact that low achieving students need graphic data in order to understand the mechanics of the learning process better and, thus, engage into the meta-cognition process was discovered with the […]

Overall, a 2000-word essay doesn’t differ from other essay types. It should also have an introductory part, a particular number of body paragraphs, and a concluding section with major insights you’ve derived from research. Since this essay type can be 7-8 pages long, it makes sense to divide the content into sections and cover each of them in several paragraphs.

2000-Word Essay Structure

The structure of your 2000-word essay will largely depend on the professor’s prompt. If the tutor requires a more structured paper, you can divide the content into several sections and dwell on every aspect in a couple of paragraphs each. It is not typical for 2000-word essays to have a separate literature review – you may have one in a report or research paper, but essays usually favor a more integrated presentation of literature in the body of the paper. Thus, overall, the essay should have an introduction with a thesis statement, body paragraphs, and a conclusion with main findings and inferences. As the intro and conclusion take 10% of the word count each, you should expect the body of the paper to have around 1500-1600 words, which translates into 10-15 body paragraphs.

Consider using the outline generator if a 2000-word essay structure is challenging for you.

2000-Word Essay Introduction

The essay’s introduction usually takes 10% of the paper’s length, but short essays may have even 20% taken by the introductory section. When we’re talking about a 2000-word essay, 7-10% will be totally fine to cover the broad context, background, and thesis statement of the paper after introducing the essay’s main subject. This way, you should allocate 150-200 words to the introduction of this essay.

Try the thesis statement tool if you’re stuck making a thesis statement. And check our research introduction maker and hook sentence generator if you want to prepare your introduction in no time.

2000-Word Essay Conclusion

Similar to the introduction, a 2000-word essay’s conclusion may also take 150-200 words, which equals 7-10% of the essay’s length. It should summarize the key points you have discussed and derive the main takeaways from every argument or body section you’ve had in the essay.

Check our closing sentence generator to formulate a closing paragraph for your essay.

How Many References Should I Use in a 2000 Word Paper?

It depends on the specific task your supervisor has set and the academic level at which you’re studying. A rule of thumb is to have 8-12 references for every 1,000 words of text. Thus, your 2000-word essay should have around 20 unique sources to comply with the professor’s requirements and academic standards.

📃 Examples of 2000-word Essay on Integrity

• Academic Integrity: Plagiarism and Academic Dishonesty Some of the most significant issues he highlights include the following: The quality of information on the web varies significantly While internet search may help to narrow down on a topic, it may erode the […]
• Media Law and Ethics: Integrity in Media Broadcasting The concept of integrity makes one earn the respect of the society, while the opposite draws insolence and ridicule from the members of the community.
• Corruption and Integrity in Modern World The difference in the levels of corruption in these countries is a result of different parameters and at the same time, the effects are diverse.
• Technology Impact on Students’ Academic Integrity The International Center for Academic Integrity has recently generated a toolkit to assist educators and institutions of higher learning in dealing with contract cheating.
• Corruption and Corporate and Personal Integrity Bribery, embezzlement of funds and illegitimate procurement always impose extra and unjustified costs to the cost of acquiring public services and damages the credibility of those institutions that are involved in the vice.

📣 2000 Words Persuasive Essay Prompts

Here are a couple of prompts that can help you craft a 2000 words example essay for a high grade. Feel free to use them or tweak the prompts so that they match your individual task.

Time Management Essay 2000 Words

Discuss the concept of time management and analyze its significance for people’s education, employment, and attainment of life goals. Give examples of the positive impact of good time management on people’s quality of life across domains. Focus on one or several time management techniques, explain their basis and principles, and give instructions for adopting better time management habits.

Essay about Social Networking 2000 Words

Discuss the existing social networks and their history of emergence and mass adoption. Analyze research findings about the pros and cons of reliance on social media and evaluate the arguments of opponents and proponents. Talk about the negative impact of social media on academic achievement and the potential implications of blocking social media use at schools. Consider several cases of teachers’ social media image scandals, such as inappropriate behavior and dressing in social media posts.

2000 Word Essay on Accountability in the Army

Examine the concept of accountability as such and apply it to a narrower field – army service. Talk about the variety of officers’ accountability obligations during army service, covering their duty to treat army property, documents, and funds with due care. Examine various shades of meaning of army officers’ accountability – in civil service and on the battlefield (e.g., joint action and decision-making). Evaluate the importance of accountability in the army and discuss the organs and entities keeping those duties under control.

A Dangerous Experience Essay 2000 Words

Discuss the importance of challenging oneself and leaving the comfort zone for the sake of personal development and growth from the viewpoint of viewing these experiences as dangerous. Give a personal example of leaving the comfort zone and feeling fear and danger in the face of the unknown. Examine the psychological motivations of people agreeing to withstand danger for the sake of moving forward and the justifications of those who avoid danger and never move ahead.

✅ Argumentative Essay 2000 Words Examples

• Music Effects on the Brain However, listening to music has the ability to inspire the hormones and raise the levels of these elements to equilibrium, making the brain to work optimally.
• Educational Applications of Nursing Informatics The application of informatics implies the incorporation of information technology in the process of direct healthcare provision, establishment of efficient administrative systems, management and education delivery as well as supporting nursing research.
• The Effects of Television on the Way People Understand Themselves This is because, despite the fact that the advocates of political correctness encourage citizens to believe that the specifics of one’s racial affiliation are not being reflective of his or her tendency to commit crimes, […]
• Efficiency and Effectiveness Pursuit of Management Relevance of efficiency and effectiveness to enhance the performance of organisations The assumption of maximising profits through focusing on mechanisms that enhance efficiency and effectiveness of organisations as the main goal of an organisation rather […]
• Addressing the Income Inequality in the People’s Republic of China It is obvious that the mentioned issues are among the most relevant reasons for II; eliminating them should lead to the improvement of II situation in the world.
• The Primary Causes of Terrorist Political Violence In a clash between the religious beliefs and those of the state or a foreign power, the religious beliefs are likely to triumph and garner the support of the majority.
• Sustainable Tourism and Market Economy According to Billington, Carter and Husain Whole Place Development refers to the dynamic process of creating public as well as private spaces by utilizing the input of the stakeholders who are the community to develop […]
• Employment Relations in Modern Australian Workplaces Nevertheless, continued involvement of the state in employment relations led to changes in the employment relations that saw employers exploit their employees.
• Counselling Theory of Freudian Psychoanalysis Even though that from a Christian point of view, there is indeed a number of discursive controversies to the theory of psychoanalysis, there can be little doubt as to the fact that it was specifically […]

🌎 Globalization Essay: 2000 Words Samples

• Globalization: Concept, Advantages and Disadvantages The lecture provokes the interest to the evaluation of the consequences of globalization. The accumulation of the first experience has started with watching the different documentary and feature movies about the global and cultural integration […]
• Anti-Globalization Movement’s Goals and Power The movement works with the destruction of the legal status of “legal entities,” the disappearance of commercial fundamentalism liberated, and the necessary actions of economic privatization by the World Bank, the Foundation International Monetary Fund, […]
• Globalization as Growth Driver for Society and Economy From the start, Levitt argues that the globalization of markets is a phenomenon like never seen before, where the international market becomes one whole and there is a demand for modern, popular, standardized products which […]
• The Economic Aspects of Globalization This trend is active in the most developed countries such as the United States of America and even in the developing countries in Africa and Asia.
• Strategic Marketing Plan for Globalization Move The company’s strong position in the domestic market and the availability of resources to enter the Chinese market allow for the decisive transition of the company to international marketing.
• Globalization and Inequity in Global Maternal Mortality Globalization has led to the transition of existing threats to collective and individual health to a new qualitative level and to the emergence of new threats.
• Tendencies That Were Caused by Globalization Krishnamurthy’s article was published in 2004, and it contributed to drawing the public’s attention to the question of outsourcing in contexts of the information exchange and economic growth. In 2006, Michael Palm responded to the […]
• Impact of Globalization and Neoliberalism on Crime and Criminal Justice Globalization entails the conception of principles, perpetuated by both governments and organizations that have altered the way nations perceive the obligation for a criminal justice system and the ability of the governments to control crime […]
• The Era of Globalization in Canada: Employment Standards The purpose of the act was to set minimum standards legislation in order to create regulatory framework for wages, hours of work, overtime, and vacations with pay, for the majority of workers in the province.
• Healthcare System: Future Prospects in the Era of Globalization Nevertheless, there is another concern that we should worry about; and that is the worsening of health services or hindering in the flourishing of health services in the future.

📌 2000 Word Essay: Answers to the Most Pressing Questions

📌 how many pages is 2000 words double spaced.

How many pages is 2000 words of academic text? According to the guidelines of all the key citation styles, one page should contain approximately 250 words (12-point Times New Roman, double-spaced). If you follow these guidelines, your 2000-word essay will be 8 pages. If you make it single-spaced, it will take 4 pages.

📌 How Much Is 2000 Words in Paragraphs?

How much is 2000 words in paragraphs? A typical academic paragraph contains 100 to 150 words. So, a 2000-word essay will consist of 14-17 paragraphs.

📌 How Many Sentences Is 2000 Words?

How many sentences is a 2000-word essay? A typical sentence in academic writing consists of 15-20 words. So, 2000 words are not less than 100-103 sentences.

📌 How to Outline a 2000-Word Essay?

An academic paper of 2000 words is not always an essay. A text of this length is more likely to be a research paper, term paper, or extended essay. An outline for such an assignment is more complicated than that for a standard essay. In addition to the usual parts (introduction, body, and conclusion), you’ll probably need to include other elements like an abstract and methodology. The details will depend on the exact requirements.

📌 How Long Does It Take to Write 2000 Words?

How long does it take to write a 2000-word essay? It will take you 40-80 minutes to type 2000 words on your keyboard (the total time will depend on your typing speed). Writing an academic paper will take more time because you’ll have to research, make an outline, write, format, and edit your text. It would be best if you planned to spend a little over 6 and a half hours for a 2000-word paper.

📌 How Many Body Paragraphs Are in a 2000 Word Essay?

A typical 2000 words essay consists of 17 to 19 paragraphs. Each of the paragraphs should contain 75-150 words.

• Chicago (A-D)
• Chicago (N-B)

IvyPanda. (2023, November 13). 2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas. https://ivypanda.com/essays/words/2000-words-essay-examples/

"2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas." IvyPanda , 13 Nov. 2023, ivypanda.com/essays/words/2000-words-essay-examples/.

IvyPanda . (2023) '2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas'. 13 November.

IvyPanda . 2023. "2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas." November 13, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/words/2000-words-essay-examples/.

1. IvyPanda . "2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas." November 13, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/words/2000-words-essay-examples/.

Bibliography

IvyPanda . "2000 Word Essay Examples & Topic Ideas." November 13, 2023. https://ivypanda.com/essays/words/2000-words-essay-examples/.

• Affiliate Program

• UNITED STATES
• 台灣 (TAIWAN)
• TÜRKIYE (TURKEY)
• Academic Editing Services
• - Research Paper
• - Journal Manuscript
• - Dissertation
• - College & University Assignments
• Admissions Editing Services
• - Application Essay
• - Personal Statement
• - Recommendation Letter
• - Cover Letter
• - CV/Resume
• Business Editing Services
• - Business Documents
• - Report & Brochure
• - Website & Blog
• Writer Editing Services
• - Script & Screenplay
• Our Editors
• Client Reviews
• Editing & Proofreading Prices
• Wordvice Points
• Partner Discount
• Plagiarism Checker
• APA Citation Generator
• MLA Citation Generator
• Chicago Citation Generator
• Vancouver Citation Generator
• - APA Style
• - MLA Style
• - Chicago Style
• - Vancouver Style
• Writing & Editing Guide
• Academic Resources
• Admissions Resources

How Many References in a Research Paper?

Junior researchers frequently wonder how many references should be included in their research papers. The common response? “As many as you need.” What exactly does that mean? While we admit there are very few hard-set rules regarding this issue, in this article, we will try to provide more concrete guidelines that will help you assess whether you have enough references in your paper.

Before we do so, let us briefly explain why references matter and whether the number of references you include can project certain perceptions about the quality of your work. There is such a thing as having too many or too few.

Why are research paper references and citations necessary?

References show that you have carefully reviewed the relevant literature and are now contributing something  novel  to the academic community. You establish authority and credibility when you can critically assess other literature and distinguish your findings from previous works (if any exist). We emphasize “critically assess” in the last sentence because references are only as good as you apply them to your research. Therefore, the famous adage “quality over quantity” is the key to deciding how many references are sufficient.

Likewise, citing your references within the research paper itself (in the form of academic citations ) is crucial in any academic work that makes assertations based on external studies. Failing to cite your sources can result in plagiarism, which even if accidental can still have some devastating consequences for academic researchers hoping to publish their work or finish graduate school.

Number of Sources Used Can Impact Perceptions of Quality

We would be remiss if we didn’t tell you that being at either extreme (having too few or too many references) can reflect poorly on your intellectual aptitude and your study’s validity. Here’s why:

• If you don’t have enough references, particularly on a topic familiar to a wide audience, readers may think that you haven’t done enough research into existing literature. Surely someone else has thought about related topics or used similar techniques. If you’re sloppy in conducting your diligence, readers will wonder whether your paper is worth reading. What’s novel and valuable about your paper? Were you just as sloppy with conducting your study? The answers to these questions need to be evident.
• Additionally, readers might be concerned that you may have plagiarized by failing to properly cite information. Unless you’re John Nash, who cited only two texts in his seminal  26-page PhD thesis  (one of which was to his prior work), ensure that you’ve properly researched the relevant papers and included appropriate citations! Especially, make sure that you have found, read, and included all the latest publications on your topic before finalizing and submitting your own paper—if the drafting process took some time, new literature might have come out in the meantime, and you don’t want to give the editor the impression that you are not on top of the newest developments.
• If you have too many references, readers may wonder if you did any original research at all. Unless you’re writing a literature review, your paper’s primary focus should be on your investigation and findings. Don’t bury your hard work under strings of citations and discussion regarding other works. Show your readers what you’ve discovered and how the new information you present fits into or departs from the academic community’s current understanding of your topic.

Additionally, let us highlight the difference between the number of references versus citations. References are the source materials; therefore, each reference should be listed only once in your references section. Citations are meant to identify the source of the information you use in your paper. You can cite a reference multiple times. Therefore, the number of citations you have is typically larger than the number of references an average paper includes. The opposite situation should never happen!

Key Factors Influencing the Number of References You Use

The following are some of the many factors that may influence the number of references you use:

• The number of references required for a paper will depend largely on your work’s purpose . For example, literature and systematic reviews are surveys of existing studies. Therefore, their reference lists will be more exhaustive than those of research papers whose primary focus is the current authors’ findings. Indeed, if you examine many journals’ author guidelines , you’ll note that journals have a higher maximum reference limit for review articles than original research papers.
• The length of your reference list will also depend on your research paper’s subject matter . For example, if you are writing about a field that is less studied (such as a subfield of neuroparasitology) you may discover that there aren’t many papers to cite. Similarly, newer fields will have fewer published papers that can be referenced. If you find yourself in this situation, review the references used by relevant current literature and see if you can expand your research, and thus your reference list, with valuable content from there.
• Another factor will be your  institution or journal’s requirements . If you are preparing a dissertation or thesis, double-check your department’s requirements. While rare, they may have specific limits. More commonly, journals restrict the number of references due to printing constraints.
• It may happen that you don’t have  access to certain literature  that could have served as a reference. In such a situation, you may wish to look for an institution that may be able to provide you access to that literature for the purposes of reviewing the content or contact one of the authors directly and ask for a copy.
• Given that more papers are being published than ever before in most fields, it is likely that reference lists will grow longer simply because there are more data and discussions of existing data available to cite . Keep track of changes to the size of reference lists in publications related to your field.
• Finally, a paper’s length bears some correlation to the number of references.

So how many references should be included?

Below, we provide tips on how to decide if you have enough resources. We also provide some general reminders on how to effectively use references. After all, references are meant to enhance your paper while still maintaining your research as the focal point.

Use academic journals as a guide

• One way to gauge how many references you should have is to survey academic journals for your article type in your field. Review their author guidelines for limits on the number of references for your article type, and make sure your reference list complies with those journal restrictions.
• Read recent articles relevant to your topic; check how many references other authors have included in their papers for the same article type as yours, and how frequently those works were cited per page.
• Keep in mind that the above methods will give you an estimate of how many references you should include overall but will not tell you how many citations you’ll need per page. The latter is impossible to state simply because certain sections may have no citations at all (the results section , for example).

Statistics regarding the number of references and citations

To give you a general idea, the following are some estimates from a couple of studies that examined the citation characteristics of articles published in various disciplines.

According to  Milojević’s study  encompassing research in the fields of astronomy, mathematics, robotics, ecology, and economics, the highest and average number of references per article page were as follows:

• Ecology: highest, ~58; average reference per page, 6;
• Math and robotics: highest, ~28; average reference per page, <1; and
• Economics: highest, ~ 32; average reference per page, >1 but <2.

The above findings were based on data compiled from the first 20 years of the author’s research. Since then some fields have increased the number of references. Thus, make sure to examine your target journal’s most recent and relevant publications for a better idea of how many references to include based on the specific type of article you plan to write.

In another study by Falagas et al. (2013),  medical journals averaged  29 references for articles that were 7.88 pages long (as printed in journals).

Finally, although the sample size was small (63 journals), Gali Halevi observed the following citation trends of a broader range of disciplines.

• The average number of references per article was the highest for the social sciences, physics, and astronomy, and arts & humanities (roughly 54 references per article).
• On the other hand, health professions and earth and planetary sciences had the fewest references per article at an average of 8 and 17 references, respectively.
• Math and engineering averaged at roughly 29 references per article.
• Biochemistry, genetics and molecular and other biological sciences averaged at 51.
• Hard and natural sciences more frequently cited recent literature while social sciences and math were likely to include older sources.

Note that the Halevi study is limited in size, fails to factor in article type and does little to account for variances across different fields and journals. For example, it is possible that more review articles could have been reviewed for certain fields than others. With that said, we provide the above information to provide a rough estimate.

At the end of the day, please keep in mind the requirements of your institution or target journal and the general trends for your specific article type (by examining the most recent relevant publications).

For additional information regarding journal restrictions on the number of references, read this article on ways to grow your publication list .

Some Dos and Don’ts for Reference Citation

• Don’t repeat references within a reference list.
• Don’t repeatedly cite yourself. Make sure to balance your discussion with external literature citations.
• Be careful about citing old references. The rule of thumb is to go back at most five to six years. Exceptions to this rule should be reserved for “seminal” works relevant to explaining what prompted your research. Roughly 85% of all cited works should be less than five years old.
• Be careful not to cite several references in one place  without  discussing the relevance of each work to your research. In other words, don’t say, “We referred to previous studies in this field (1-7)” unless you later explain how each of reference #s 1-7 apply to your discussion.
• Confirm the quality of the work you cite. Are there any ethical issues regarding the paper that would disqualify it as a good source? Do your references come from reputable sources such as respected journals rather than random blogs and website links? Remember that your analysis is only as good as the verifiable information you use to conduct your research.
• One of the main purposes of citing existing literature is to show the “knowledge gap” regarding your topic. Therefore, make sure the works you reference naturally lead readers to wonder about the research question you address in your paper. To explain further, think about your favorite fictional story. A successfully written story only reveals the background information needed for the reader to follow along in the story. You’ll rarely see an author waste time writing about how the main character stubbed his toe one day while going to work unless that event relates to an important aspect of the story. Similarly, the references you cite should support the story building you create in your research paper.
• Don’t completely ignore the paper that could disprove your hypothesis. You want to show objectivity and that you took a balanced and unbiased approach to conducting your research. Mention the potentially conflicting evidence and explain why you believe it is flawed or inapplicable to your research.
• In qualitative research papers, you may have fewer references.
• Anything you cite in your paper should be listed in the references section (or reference list). Anything listed as a reference should have been quoted or paraphrased in the text. If either rule is violated, something is wrong.
• Finally, remember that a paper will typically have more citations in the Introduction section and Discussion section than in other parts.

Wordvice Academic Resources

If you need help with paraphrasing text from the sources you cite to avoid plagiarism, with different citation styles , or with finding the perfect journal to submit your paper to, then have a look at our collection of articles on the Wordvice academic resources website . We also recommend our professional English editing and proofreading services , including paper editing and academic editing services to ensure that your writing is free of errors before submitting your manuscript to a journal.

• Dissertation Writing Service
• Write My Dissertation
• Research Paper Writing Service
• Essay Writing Service
• Buy Assignment
• Do My Assignment
• Do My Homework
• Coursework Writing Services
• Case Study Help
• Lab Report Help
• Buy Personal Statement
• Business Assignment Help
• Management Assignment Help
• Nursing Assignment Help
• Law Assignment Help
• MBA Assignment Help
• Accounting Assignment Help
• HR Assignment Help
• Marketing Plan Help
• Financial Analysis Help
• HND Assignment Help
• English Homework Help

Essay Referencing Guide

Writing an essay is never a walk in the park, especially if you are a freshman. Many students are surprised at first when they need to write an essay, because of all the demands that go with it. We are not just talking about doing research and writing at a very high level, but also about essay referencing. In the beginning, it’s difficult to wrap your head around a concept like that. Also, it can still seem pretty daunting if it’s been a while since you’ve done it.

Poor essay referencing is one of the main reasons why students lose points on their essays and receive lower grades, despite the strength of their arguments and their writing chops. Referencing your sources is a must in academic circles, because everything else is considered plagiarism. This means that every time you use a piece of data, images, graphics, or words from someone else’s paper or dissertation, you need to provide a citation and its matching reference. With that in mind, let’s take a look at our essay referencing guide that will help master the skill of referencing once and for all. Keep on reading to find out more.

What Is Referencing And Why Is It Important?

Essay referencing enables you to acknowledge the authors and their contributions, which have been used in your own work. Every essay ever written is underpinned by ideas, research, or finding of other writers, which is why it’s crucial that your essay contains proper citations. There are several reasons why referencing is so important. The most important ones are:

• You avoid plagiarism - this is probably the most obvious reason why you should reference the original authors. It’s perfectly fine to use someone else’s work and findings to act as a basis for your own writing, but if you fail to cite your sources, it is considered a very serious academic offense. Not only is it considered unethical, but you are also violating a number of intellectual property rights every author is entitled to. Pretty much every academic institution has a clear, and usually very strict, policy on plagiarism.
• It provides credibility to your work - regardless of what your essay topic is, there will be a whole raft of previous works available on it. Being able to do your research and pick the most relevant and compelling ones is a skill in itself, which is why essay referencing also gives additional credibility to your writing. It also allows you to bolster your own data with similar research already done by another author, which is something that essay writing service professionals adhere to at all times.
• It shows that you acknowledge research that was done previously - not only is this respectful to other authors, but also shows that you haven’t picked your sources randomly, and that you are well familiar with the subject matter and capable of extracting data that is the most useful and relevant to your essay.

Essay Referencing Systems

Referencing is required for just about every single piece of academic writing, and that includes essays. Now, unfortunately for students, there is no universal referencing system. Instead, there are several different ones that are used in the academic community. Ideally, you get to choose which one to use, but in most cases, the choice is made for you by a specific publication or academic institution you are attending. The most common essay referencing systems are:

Lately, Harvard, which is also knowns as the Author Date system, has been the most prevalent system for essay referencing. It uses short citations inside the text itself, unlike most of the other systems which rely on footnotes at the end of the paper.

When to Use References

Generally speaking, you always need to cite the original author of the work you are using, be it a book, industry publication, or even a website. Now, in order to avoid confusion as to what qualifies as using someone else’s work, we have put together a short list that lets you know when you should reference. You should reference in case you are:

• Directly quoting someone else’s work, regardless of the publication type
• Using a famous quotation
• Paraphrasing someone else’s writing and findings
• Summarizing data points and ideas from someone else’s paper, book, or article
• Using charts, graphs, tables, diagrams, images, or statistical data published by another author
• Using someone else’s idea

That pretty much covers all cases where essay referencing is required. Now, if you are writing from your own experience, using personal anecdotes, opinions, or experiments, you won’t need to reference anything. The same goes for stuff that is common knowledge or a generally accepted fact.

How to Reference

One of the most common mistakes students make when it comes to essay referencing is to write a list of references at the very end of the writing process. In that case, you will need to go through the entire paper and try and find the works which you have cited, which can take a lot of time, and can be very tedious. Instead, try writing down your references as you go along. That way, by the time you are done writing, you will have a complete list of references, and you won’t have to worry about missing any of them, and getting accused of plagiarism.

For every reference, you will need the following details:

• Name of the original author
• The edition, in case it’s not the first
• The year the work was published, as well as the city
• Publisher’s name
• Name of the article if it’s an article, page numbers, or numbers
• In case it’s an online resource, provide the address, as well as the date you accessed the source
• Page number if you are quoting the source directly

Obviously, each referencing system has its own specifics, but for the most part, this is what you should expect to provide for each reference.

How Many References Do You Need?

While there are no strict rules when it comes to the number of references in your essay, there are some general essay referencing guidelines that you’ll want to follow. For example, you might want to include one unique citation per every 150 words of your essay. Of course, you can cite one source more than once, but you should also aim to get data from multiple sources in order to make it more diverse and compelling. Also, you’ll want to include different opinions and view the topic from multiple angles when coming up with your own conclusion.

Depending on essay length, you’ll want to include the following number of references in the reference list:

• 1500-word essay - 10 references or more
• 2000-word essay - 13 references or more
• 2500-word essay - 16 references or more
• 3000-word essay - 20 references or more
• 3500-word essay - 23 references or more
• 4000-word essay - 26 references or more
• 5000-word essay - 33 references or more

While putting together a list of references for your essay requires a lot of work and focus, once you learn all the ins and out of essay referencing, it becomes much easier. We hope that you have found our guide helpful, and that you will start implementing the tips we have shared when writing your next essay.

Written by Michael Writer

Publish Date: August 19, 2022

Michael Writer

Related posts, how long does it take to write different types of assignments, criminology dissertation ideas, marketing dissertation topic ideas, please, login.

How Many References Do I Need?

When embarking on the journey of writing an article, research paper, or any academic assignment, one common question arises: How many references should be included for a given word count? While there is no one-size-fits-all answer to this question, as the number of references required can vary greatly depending on the topic, depth of research, and type of document, there are general guidelines you can follow.

Table of Contents

Understanding the Role of References

Before diving into numbers, it’s essential to understand the role references play in your writing. References serve multiple purposes:

• Supporting Arguments:  They provide evidence to support your claims and arguments.
• Credibility:  They add credibility to your work by showing you’ve engaged with existing knowledge.
• Acknowledging Sources:  They give proper credit to the original authors of ideas, theories, and research findings.
• Guiding Readers:  They guide readers who wish to explore your sources further.

With these roles in mind, the number of references becomes a balancing act between thoroughness and over-saturation.

General Guidelines Based on Word Count

Short papers (500-1500 words).

For short papers, such as brief reports or reflective essays, you might only need a handful of references, perhaps 5-10. These papers don’t delve deeply into a subject but rather provide an overview or personal insight.

Mid-Length Papers (1500-3000 words)

As the word count increases, so does the expected depth of research. A mid-length paper, like an extended essay or a short research paper, might require anywhere from 10-20 references. This range ensures you have enough sources to provide a solid foundation for your arguments without overwhelming the reader.

Long Papers (3000-6000 words)

For more substantial papers, such as detailed research papers or literature reviews, a good rule of thumb is to have at least one reference for every 100-150 words. This means for a 3,000-word paper, you might have 20-30 references, and for a 6,000-word paper, 40-60 references could be appropriate.

Extended Projects (10,000+ words)

When it comes to dissertations or theses, which can exceed 10,000 words, the number of references can range widely, from 50 to several hundred. The key here is the depth of the study and the number of themes or variables you’re exploring.

Factors Influencing the Number of References

Field of study.

Different academic fields have different expectations for referencing. Humanities papers often rely on a broad range of sources to build arguments, while sciences and social sciences may focus more on recent, peer-reviewed studies.

The Scope of the Topic

A broad overview of a topic will require fewer references than a paper that aims to provide an in-depth analysis of a narrow subject.

Type of Writing

Literature reviews, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses will have a higher reference density than empirical studies, which may rely more on original research data.

Assignment Requirements

Always check if there are specific guidelines or requirements for your assignment. Some instructors may stipulate a minimum or maximum number of references.

Quality Over Quantity

It’s not just about the number of references but their relevance and quality. It’s better to have a smaller number of high-quality, directly related sources than a large number of tangential ones.

The Availability of Sources

Sometimes the topic is so novel or niche that there simply aren’t many sources available. In such cases, it’s important to explain the scarcity of references to your readers.

Calculating the Right Number of References

While there’s no exact formula, you can follow a simple process to estimate the number of references you might need:

• Outline Your Paper:  Break down your paper into sections and list the points you plan to make in each.
• Assign References to Points:  Estimate how many references are needed to support each point adequately.
• Consider the Introduction and Conclusion:  These sections generally require fewer references, if any.
• Add for Breadth and Depth:  Add additional references if you need to provide background context or delve deeper into a topic.

Tips for Managing References

• Start Early:  Begin collecting references early in your research process to ensure you have ample material to choose from.
• Organize Your Sources:  Use reference management software to keep track of your sources and simplify the citation process.
• Annotate Your Bibliography:  Write a brief summary of each source’s key points, which will help you remember why you chose it and how it fits into your paper.

Final Thoughts

The number of references needed for a specific word count is not set in stone. It depends on the purpose of the document, the depth of the discussion, the expectations of the field, and the richness of the topic. The best approach is to use references strategically to bolster your arguments, while also ensuring each reference is meaningful andcontributes to the overall quality of your work.

As you navigate the complex landscape of academic writing, remember that references are the foundation upon which scholarly work is built. They are the threads that weave together the tapestry of knowledge across time and disciplines. Use them wisely, and your writing will not only stand on the shoulders of giants but also invite others to climb up and see further because of your contribution.

About Mr. Greg

Mr. Greg is an English teacher from Edinburgh, Scotland, currently based in Hong Kong. He has over 5 years teaching experience and recently completed his PGCE at the University of Essex Online. In 2013, he graduated from Edinburgh Napier University with a BEng(Hons) in Computing, with a focus on social media.

Mr. Greg’s English Cloud was created in 2020 during the pandemic, aiming to provide students and parents with resources to help facilitate their learning at home.

Whatsapp: +85259609792

[email protected]

How Many References for a 2000 Word Essay

In the essay, dissertation or thesis also, supervisors advise the students to write a reference. UK Students find it challenging to write references because of a lack of knowledge about it. This handout is telling the students all about references. Firstly the definition of the reference has clearly explained. For a full understanding of the reference, the students must read it thoroughly with utmost attention and attentiveness. If students of UK do not focus on each point, then it will become difficult for them to learn each point regarding it.

Type of reference, the number of references in any essay, importance of reference in an article and many more points have got explained very beautifully in this content. Students will find it interesting to read it and explore more and more about the referral. After reading this entirely, students will surely think in their mind that it is easier than their imagination. It generally seems that scholars are many times worrying about reference, and this will further give rise to many other issues.

However, they do not need to panic anymore because everything concerning referral gets explained in an understandable form. So students of UK will now find it easy to write reference without any stress or load of work.

What does a reference mean in a specific topic?

Everyone knows that it is necessary to look at the definition of anything before students start to gain knowledge about a specific topic. So, a Description of reference gets explained before anything else. It will help the students of UK to take a full package of knowledge from a single handout. If students directly focus on the type and number of references in an essay, then they find it challenging to write recommendations quickly and in less time.

As for definition, act as a base for every building topic in the brain of the students. So students of UK should never ignore the interpretation of any matter. If students have decided to understand a subject thoroughly, then they cannot overlook the definition part of that specific topic.

Raise Your Grades With Students Assignment Help.Co.Uk Get Help Instantly

Reference is a scheme that enables students to recognize other people’s contributions and job in writing by quoting sources, which have been used by scholars. An academic writing’s characteristic is that it includes references to other people’s words, data, and thoughts. It is a must to contain references in all scholarly essays.

Now at this point, everything that a student must know about the definition is enough. Students of UK must remember that they cannot ignore the description at any cost. It is so because, without the meaning, knowledge of any particular topic is incomplete or insufficient. After knowing the definition, scholars can go to the further part of this handout to get a full understanding of the issue.

What is the role of Reference in an essay?

Once UK students have gone through the definition, it is time for them to know the purpose of reference in essay writing . Also, in this section, we are going to explain why it is necessary to write the reference during essay writing. Most of the time, reference has written in the last part of the essay. It is because it allows the readers to know the contribution of other authors in completing the mission — reference help in acknowledging the efforts of others in writing the essay.

Referencing enables the students of UK to recognize other authors and researchers ‘ contributions to their job. Students must include citations in any university tasks which draw on other writers ‘ thoughts, phrases or research.  Reference is a means of providing proof to support allegations and claims in your tasks. Thus it is essential to write a page on the reference. It is crucial to write a reference in every kind of essay writing. Reference has generally written in the last of the papers. Students of UK cannot ignore the immense importance of the reference in the essay, dissertation and many others.

While writing an essay, UK students must focus on every single subheading that should be present in it. Nowadays students can handle anything, but they cannot tolerate any fall down in their academic score. So they always put their hundred percent effort while performing their academic tasks. Thus if they ignore the reference, then it will leave a wrong impression on readers or professors’ minds, and later there will be a downfall in the result. At this time, students are almost transparent with the importance of the reference.

Now all their queries regarding the reference have vanished. In this handout, solutions or answers to every single question which may have any place in the mind of students have given. After reading this, ultimately they will for sure say that “oh! My god, what an easy topic.” students always take reference in essay writing as a burden. Thus because of this, they skip it. Thus results in low grades in academics, which was not afforded by the scholars. Therefore it is imperative to write references in the essay and know its importance so that they can feel good while writing it.

Claim Your 15% OFF Now Submit Assignment Details

How important is to include References in assignments?

Students should write references at the end of the essay. However, that does not mean that it is useless. The reference itself holds a magnificent significance. Students of UK cannot ignore its importance. Also, UK university students should start practicing writing a reference for the essay. Students mostly thought that supervisors do not pay attention to this part of the composition.

However, that is not the truth, and supervisors always check out every subheading of an essay. Professors will deduct students’ marks if they forget to include this main thing in their homework assignments . For a strong impression of the piece over the minds of readers, students have to write on each subheading. It shows that the student has an interest in the topic and essay. Also, students have to give their hundred percent in the essay writing. It will help them in scoring grace marks in academics.

• Formatting style of writing a reference:  Most of the times, students have queries regarding the formatting style and a number of referrals. The answer to these queries has mentioned in the following two sections of this handout. There are many styles for the formatting of references. Sometimes supervisors or professors advise the students of UK to write the referencing in a particular kind of format. Also many times UK students have to decide on their own to write which style of it. Students find it difficult to judge to determine what kind of formatting for reference they would prefer to write.

Get Special Discount Offers for Assignment Help

However, now they do not need to worry about that because here, everything related to the formatting style of referencing has explained very beautifully. Students of UK will find it easy to understand and remember. After reading this, all their confusion concerning referencing formatting style has solved.

APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard are the most common formatting style. There are other types of formatting style also present. However, we commonly use these formatting styles. As APA, MLA, Harvard, and Chicago are preferred most for academic purposes. The good news is that there are tools and services available online to help students with assignments and referencing. This includes tools such as an online APA 7 citation generator that can make light work of citing references. So students mostly come across these formatting styles of referencing in their day to day coursework writing , assignment or task. Students of UK can use any formatting style from above mentioned. For academic purposes, i.e. for writing an article, essay, etc., professors will mostly prefer to write references in these formats.

However, students cannot fix themselves to these formatting styles only. According to the demand of the supervisors, they have to change the form.

• A number of references to writing in the essay: Here in this section is the answer to one of the most asked questions by the UK students. Students firstly understand that the number of references in any essay varies with the type of essay they are going to write. After reading this part of the handout, students of UK will clear all their doubts regarding the ideal number of references in the essay. Mostly students have doubts regarding an article of two thousand words. After knowing the number of words, research of students will get finished on the reference.

Moreover, they will know how many recommendations to include while writing an essay.

In this handout, the knowledge which is useful for the students at their academic level has given. After that, all their queries in regards to the reference has vanished. There will not be any place for questions in UK student’s minds regarding reference and its formatting style and number in the essay. Knowledge regarding text has given in this handout in a stepwise manner. The most preferred way of learning is stepwise learning. It is so because, through stepwise education, each point will be clear and understood by the UK students.

Consequently, scholars do not find it challenging to engulf each aspect of every topic. If an excellent method of learning is not adopted that students will face difficulties in learning each of every item. So through step by step learning, each point is understood by the students very conveniently.

• Clearing a Reference doubt by taking an example: Let’s clear the doubt regarding reference number in any essay by taking an example of a piece of two thousand words. In an essay of two thousand words and there are almost fifteen hundred words to write in the body. So in fifteen hundred words, students will write about nearly three or four main points. Thus for every aspect, there are minimum two or three references.

Therefore, in an essay of two thousand words, students can write (2 X 3 = 6) about six to eight references. So now it will be apparent to the UK that how they will decide the number of referrals. Even if the number of words in an essay or type of essay changes, students would never get confused. They on their own could create a framework of how many references are ideal for writing in it.

Students can write as many as a reference as they want or suggested by their supervisors. Although there is not as such an ideal number for reference, they can judge on their own the number of references in any style of essay. Most academic essays are of two thousand words, so the students have any queries regarding the number of referrals.

Now students will find it convenient to write the reference in the essay, and they can also judge the quantity of it in a piece of 2000 words. So, at this moment, students will feel relaxed and stress-free because their concept regarding reference is almost transparent.

Now they have to practice writing it on their own. Also, they can test their learning of reference by counting the number of referrals they will write in an essay of 2000 words, 4000 words, 4500 words or more words.

Online professional assistance for the students on UK Assignment Help

Expert academic writing help from studentsassignmenthelp.co.uk is also available for the British students to get their academic work completed from them. They do distinct research for every client and provide plagiarism-free data to them. Students can now easily amaze their professors by submitting quality work to them and that too on time.

All our experts are highly efficient in providing quality data to every client even if the time to submit the data is minimal. Students can ask for experts’ assistance even in the strictest deadline condition. We provide our service in versatile subjects, or we can say that in almost every issue. All our college assignment writing services are available for the students of UK at reasonable and affordable prices.

References are not just about including links of sources. However, for high-quality work, students should know its writing format and the accurate number of sources to include in your project irrespective of its length.

Get Free Assignment Quote

Enter Discount Code If You Have, Else Leave Blank

Browse Related Pages

• How to Write Focus Directive Essay (“to What Extent”)?
• Analyze, Explain and Evaluate Answers Essay Question

Get 15% off your first order with Students Assignment Help UK

Connect with a professional writer within minutes by placing your first order. No matter the subject, difficulty, academic level or document type, our writers have the skills to complete it.

Recent Reviews

Outstanding economics assignment.

Your experts provided an outstanding economics assignment, ensuring not a single guideline of the University of Exeter was overlooked. I have complete trust in your website and appreciate the consistent quality of your work. Thank you immensely.

Consistently Impressive Results

I’ve entrusted Students Assignment Help with various assignments, and they never fail to impress. Their consistent quality and timely delivery showcase their commitment to excellence. With their assistance, I’ve been able to maintain high academic standards effortlessly. I commend their dedication and highly recommend their services.

Excellent Computer Networking Assignment

I am thoroughly pleased with the computer networking assignment you provided. Studentsassignmenthelp.co.uk far surpasses others claiming to offer quality content but failing to meet student expectations. Thank you for the exceptional assistance with my assignment.

Masterful Case Study Solution

Your assignment help service is truly top-notch. The expert team was attentive, and the case study solution provided was perfect. Thank you for delivering the best solution for my case study, complete with proper references and thorough analysis.

Thankful for Assignment Completion

The engineering assignment writing service I received from your experts was not only affordable but also 100% error-free. I am grateful for your expert help. Thank you for your outstanding work.

Reliable Online Exam Support

I am grateful to have found your website and availed the services of an online exam helper. Your insights into my weak areas and ability to perform under tight time constraints were invaluable. I will definitely recommend your service.

Perfect Assignment Execution

Your experts have consistently delivered flawless assignments, and I now understand why your service is so highly regarded. The plagiarism-free work and adherence to deadlines, along with strict adherence to the academic guidelines, mean a lot to me. Thank you for your exceptional service.

Top-notch Essay Writing Assistance

Your essay writing service is truly the best I’ve come across. I appreciate the attention to detail. Thank you for your excellent work; I will definitely be a returning customer.

Exceptional Case Study Writing Service

I was blown away by the exceptional quality of the case study solution provided by your experts. This was my first experience with your service, and it surpassed all my expectations. The case study was well-written, well-structured, and thoroughly researched. Thank you for your outstanding help.

Outstanding Economics Assignment Support

Your consistent excellence in providing assignment help has never failed to impress me. Your adherence to all the UK universities’ guidelines is greatly appreciated. Thank you for your invaluable assistance.

UPTO 15 % DISCOUNT

Get Your Assignment Completed At Lower Prices

Purdue Online Writing Lab Purdue OWL® College of Liberal Arts

Reference List: Textual Sources

Welcome to the Purdue OWL

This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue University. When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice.

Copyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.

Basic Format for Books

Edited book, no author, edited book with an author or authors, a translation.

Note : When you cite a republished work, like the one above, in your text, it should appear with both dates: Plato (385-378/1989)

Edition Other Than the First

Article or chapter in an edited book.

Note : When you list the pages of the chapter or essay in parentheses after the book title, use "pp." before the numbers: (pp. 1-21). This abbreviation, however, does not appear before the page numbers in periodical references, except for newspapers. List any edition number in the same set of parentheses as the page numbers, separated by a comma: (2nd ed., pp. 66-72).

Multivolume Work

Articles in periodicals.

APA style dictates that authors are named with their last name followed by their initials; publication year goes between parentheses, followed by a period. The title of the article is in sentence-case, meaning only the first word and proper nouns in the title are capitalized. The periodical title is run in title case, and is followed by the volume number which, with the title, is also italicized. If a DOI has been assigned to the article that you are using, you should include this after the page numbers for the article. If no DOI has been assigned and you are accessing the periodical online, use the URL of the website from which you are retrieving the periodical.

Article in Print Journal

Note: APA 7 advises writers to include a DOI (if available), even when using the print source. The example above assumes no DOI is available.

Article in Electronic Journal

Note :  This content also appears on Reference List: Online Media .

As noted above, when citing an article in an electronic journal, include a DOI if one is associated with the article.

DOIs may not always be available. In these cases, use a URL. Many academic journals provide stable URLs that function similarly to DOIs. These are preferable to ordinary URLs copied and pasted from the browser's address bar.

Article in a Magazine

Article in a newspaper.

How Many References Should a Research Paper Have? Study of 96,685 Articles

I analyzed a random sample of 96,685 full-text research papers, uploaded to PubMed Central between the years 2016 and 2021, in order to answer the question:

How many references should you cite when writing a research article?

I used the BioC API to download the data (see the References section below).

Here’s a summary of the key findings

1- The average number of references for a research paper is 45 , with 90% of research papers having between 8 and 102 references. However, this number depends a lot on study design . For instance, a systematic review typically has 49 references while a case report has only 24.

2- As a rule of thumb, consider citing 1 reference for every 95 words (or 4 sentences) .

3- The more research you do will be reflected in the number of references you use in your paper, since high-quality articles usually have 5 more references than the median .

How many references does a typical article have?

The histogram below shows that most research papers have between 25 to 50 references, and only a few exceed 100:

Because the distribution has a right tail, the median number of references becomes a more reliable metric than the mean. Here are a few other numbers that summarize the data:

From this table we can conclude that:

The median research paper has 39 references, and 50% of papers have between 25 and 56 references. An article can have as few as 1 reference as a minimum, and 911 references as a maximum.

Next, let’s see if the number of references depends on the study design.

Should the study design influence the number of references you use?

The table below shows that:

1- Secondary study designs (systematic reviews and meta-analyses) have the highest number of references (median = 49), which is to be expected as these articles review a large body of information.

2- Experimental, quasi-experimental and analytical designs typically have between 35 and 39 references.

3- Descriptive designs (case reports and case series) have the lowest number of references (median ≈ 25), which also makes sense as these describe the clinical story of a single (or a few) patient(s) and generally have a very short literature review section.

How often should you cite in a research paper?

Some journals may specify the maximum number of citations allowed. For instance, Nature allows articles to have at most 30 references in the main text [ Source ]. So make sure to check the authorship guidelines of the journal where you want to submit.

That being said, often is the case where we ask ourselves: am I taking too much information from outside sources? or maybe too few? So I would argue that it would be useful to know, for a given article size, how many references to cite.

If we measure the length of all the articles in our dataset combined and divide it by the total number of references, we get the following numbers:

On average, 1 reference is cited for every 95 words, that is 1 reference for every 4 sentences. In terms of paragraphs, an article has approximately 1.5 references for each paragraph.

Here’s a table that shows the median number of references cited for each word count category:

Does using more references make your article better?

Hypothesis 1: It is well-known that citing more resources is usually associated with more in-depth research, therefore, we would expect high-quality articles to include a higher number of references.

Hypothesis 2: Some experts believe that a good writing habit is to keep the number of references to a minimum (see: Essentials of Writing Biomedical Research Papers by Mimi Zeiger), so according to this hypothesis, high-quality articles should have, on average, fewer references.

Let’s find out what researchers are doing in practice and which hypothesis our data support.

In order to answer the question, I collected the journal impact factor (JIF) for 71,579 articles and divided the dataset into 2 groups:

• research papers published in low impact journals (JIF ≤ 3): this subset consisted of 34,758 articles
• research papers published in high impact journals (JIF > 3): this subset consisted of 36,821 articles

After controlling for study design, the group with JIF ≤ 3 had a median number of references of 37, while the group with JIF > 3 had a median of 44.

Remember that the median article overall had 39 references (as we saw above), so based on these results, we can conclude that:

High-quality articles, in general, have about 5 more references than the median article. So a comprehensive literature review and a more in-depth discussion section can make the difference between a good and an excellent research article.

• Comeau DC, Wei CH, Islamaj Doğan R, and Lu Z. PMC text mining subset in BioC: about 3 million full text articles and growing,  Bioinformatics , btz070, 2019.

Further reading

• How Old Should References Be? Based on 3,823,919 Examples
• Statistical Software Popularity in 40,582 Research Papers
• Programming Languages Popularity in 12,086 Research Papers
• Length of a Conclusion Section: Analysis of 47,810 Examples
• How Long Should a Research Paper Be? Data from 61,519 Examples