reported speech exclamatory sentences rules

Changing an Exclamatory Sentence into the Reported Speech

Exclamatory sentences express a sudden outburst of some emotions such as joy, sorrow, contempt, regret, surprise etc. Common explanatory phrases are given below:

Hurrah! Ha! (Express joy) Alas! Oh! (Express sorrow, regret, or loss) Bravo! (Express Applause) What! Oh! How! (Express surprise) Pooh! Pshaw! (Express contempt)

An exclamatory sentence has a sign of exclamation after it which changes into a full stop in the indirect speech.

In indirect speech, the exclamatory phrase or word (interjection) is replaced by ‘exclaimed with joy, sorrow, regret, surprise, contempt etc.’

The connective that has to be supplied in the indirect speech.

Examples are given below:

Direct: The boy said, ‘Hurrah! We have won the match.’ Indirect: The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the match. Direct: The old man said, ‘Alas! I have lost my purse.’ Indirect: The old man exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost his purse. Direct: The child said, ‘What a beautiful sight!’ Indirect: The child exclaimed with delight that it was a very beautiful sight. OR The child exclaimed with delight that the sight was very beautiful. Direct: The girl said, ‘How beautiful the girl is!’ Indirect: The girl exclaimed with delight that the rainbow was very beautiful. Direct: The candidate said, ‘How difficult the problem is!’ Indirect: The candidate exclaimed with disapproval that the problem was very difficult. Direct: The students said to the teacher, ‘Good morning, Teacher!’ Indirect:  The students respectfully wished their teacher good morning. Direct: ‘How glad I am,’ said Alice, ‘to meet my friend here.’ Indirect: Alice exclaimed with delight that she was very glad to meet her friend there. Direct: The Emperor said, ‘Alas! Our foes are too strong!’ Indirect: The Emperor exclaimed with sorrow that their foes were too strong. Direct: ‘Hurrah!’ cried the boy, ‘I have won a prize.’ Indirect: The boy exclaimed with delight he had done a prize.

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Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentences

Back to: Direct and Indirect Speech (Narration)

Sentence that expresses emotion such as sorrow, joy, wander, pity etc. is called exclamatory sentence. This type of sentence usually uses interjection to express the emotion. Interjections such as – hurrah, alas, sorry, oh/what, bravo convey certain kind of emotion. Narration change of exclamatory sentence depends on the mood the interjection expresses. 

Certain types of emotion that the interjections convey are given below –

• In direct speech of exclamatory sentence an exclamation mark is used after the interjection or at the end of the sentence. This mark is replaced by a full stop after narration change from direct to indirect speech.
• The reporting verb changes to exclaimed with joy/happiness or exclaimed with sorrow or disgust depending on the mood of the sentence. 
• After converting the speech, the interjection should be omitted. 
• The reporting clause and reported clause is connected with conjunction ‘that’. 

Reported Speech – Rules, Examples & Worksheet

| Candace Osmond

Candace Osmond

Candace Osmond studied Advanced Writing & Editing Essentials at MHC. She’s been an International and USA TODAY Bestselling Author for over a decade. And she’s worked as an Editor for several mid-sized publications. Candace has a keen eye for content editing and a high degree of expertise in Fiction.

They say gossip is a natural part of human life. That’s why language has evolved to develop grammatical rules about the “he said” and “she said” statements. We call them reported speech.

Every time we use reported speech in English, we are talking about something said by someone else in the past. Thinking about it brings me back to high school, when reported speech was the main form of language!

Learn all about the definition, rules, and examples of reported speech as I go over everything. I also included a worksheet at the end of the article so you can test your knowledge of the topic.

What Does Reported Speech Mean?

Reported speech is a term we use when telling someone what another person said. You can do this while speaking or writing.

There are two kinds of reported speech you can use: direct speech and indirect speech. I’ll break each down for you.

A direct speech sentence mentions the exact words the other person said. For example:

• Kryz said, “These are all my necklaces.”

Indirect speech changes the original speaker’s words. For example:

• Kryz said those were all her necklaces.

When we tell someone what another individual said, we use reporting verbs like told, asked, convinced, persuaded, and said. We also change the first-person figure in the quotation into the third-person speaker.

Reported Speech Examples

We usually talk about the past every time we use reported speech. That’s because the time of speaking is already done. For example:

• Direct speech: The employer asked me, “Do you have experience with people in the corporate setting?”

Indirect speech: The employer asked me if I had experience with people in the corporate setting.

• Direct speech: “I’m working on my thesis,” I told James.

Indirect speech: I told James that I was working on my thesis.

Reported Speech Structure

A speech report has two parts: the reporting clause and the reported clause. Read the example below:

• Harry said, “You need to help me.”

The reporting clause here is William said. Meanwhile, the reported clause is the 2nd clause, which is I need your help.

What are the 4 Types of Reported Speech?

Aside from direct and indirect, reported speech can also be divided into four. The four types of reported speech are similar to the kinds of sentences: imperative, interrogative, exclamatory, and declarative.

Reported Speech Rules

The rules for reported speech can be complex. But with enough practice, you’ll be able to master them all.

Choose Whether to Use That or If

The most common conjunction in reported speech is that. You can say, “My aunt says she’s outside,” or “My aunt says that she’s outside.”

Use if when you’re reporting a yes-no question. For example:

• Direct speech: “Are you coming with us?”

Indirect speech: She asked if she was coming with them.

Verb Tense Changes

Change the reporting verb into its past form if the statement is irrelevant now. Remember that some of these words are irregular verbs, meaning they don’t follow the typical -d or -ed pattern. For example:

• Direct speech: I dislike fried chicken.

Reported speech: She said she disliked fried chicken.

Note how the main verb in the reported statement is also in the past tense verb form.

Use the simple present tense in your indirect speech if the initial words remain relevant at the time of reporting. This verb tense also works if the report is something someone would repeat. For example:

• Slater says they’re opening a restaurant soon.
• Maya says she likes dogs.

This rule proves that the choice of verb tense is not a black-and-white question. The reporter needs to analyze the context of the action.

Move the tense backward when the reporting verb is in the past tense. That means:

• Present simple becomes past simple.
• Present perfect becomes past perfect.
• Present continuous becomes past continuous.
• Past simple becomes past perfect.
• Past continuous becomes past perfect continuous.

Here are some examples:

• The singer has left the building. (present perfect)

He said that the singers had left the building. (past perfect)

• Her sister gave her new shows. (past simple)
• She said that her sister had given her new shoes. (past perfect)

If the original speaker is discussing the future, change the tense of the reporting verb into the past form. There’ll also be a change in the auxiliary verbs.

• Will or shall becomes would.
• Will be becomes would be.
• Will have been becomes would have been.
• Will have becomes would have.

For example:

• Direct speech: “I will be there in a moment.”

Indirect speech: She said that she would be there in a moment.

Do not change the verb tenses in indirect speech when the sentence has a time clause. This rule applies when the introductory verb is in the future, present, and present perfect. Here are other conditions where you must not change the tense:

• If the sentence is a fact or generally true.
• If the sentence’s verb is in the unreal past (using second or third conditional).
• If the original speaker reports something right away.
• Do not change had better, would, used to, could, might, etc.

Changes in Place and Time Reference

Changing the place and time adverb when using indirect speech is essential. For example, now becomes then and today becomes that day. Here are more transformations in adverbs of time and places.

• This – that.
• These – those.
• Now – then.
• Here – there.
• Tomorrow – the next/following day.
• Two weeks ago – two weeks before.
• Yesterday – the day before.

Here are some examples.

• Direct speech: “I am baking cookies now.”

Indirect speech: He said he was baking cookies then.

• Direct speech: “Myra went here yesterday.”

Indirect speech: She said Myra went there the day before.

• Direct speech: “I will go to the market tomorrow.”

Indirect speech: She said she would go to the market the next day.

Using Modals

If the direct speech contains a modal verb, make sure to change them accordingly.

• Will becomes would
• Can becomes could
• Shall becomes should or would.
• Direct speech: “Will you come to the ball with me?”

Indirect speech: He asked if he would come to the ball with me.

• Direct speech: “Gina can inspect the room tomorrow because she’s free.”

Indirect speech: He said Gina could inspect the room the next day because she’s free.

However, sometimes, the modal verb should does not change grammatically. For example:

• Direct speech: “He should go to the park.”

Indirect speech: She said that he should go to the park.

Imperative Sentences

To change an imperative sentence into a reported indirect sentence, use to for imperative and not to for negative sentences. Never use the word that in your indirect speech. Another rule is to remove the word please . Instead, say request or say. For example:

• “Please don’t interrupt the event,” said the host.

The host requested them not to interrupt the event.

• Jonah told her, “Be careful.”
• Jonah ordered her to be careful.

Reported Questions

When reporting a direct question, I would use verbs like inquire, wonder, ask, etc. Remember that we don’t use a question mark or exclamation mark for reports of questions. Below is an example I made of how to change question forms.

• Incorrect: He asked me where I live?

Correct: He asked me where I live.

Here’s another example. The first sentence uses direct speech in a present simple question form, while the second is the reported speech.

• Where do you live?

She asked me where I live.

Wrapping Up Reported Speech

My guide has shown you an explanation of reported statements in English. Do you have a better grasp on how to use it now?

Reported speech refers to something that someone else said. It contains a subject, reporting verb, and a reported cause.

Don’t forget my rules for using reported speech. Practice the correct verb tense, modal verbs, time expressions, and place references.

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What is reported speech rules for reporting exclamatory sentences.

Rules for reporting exclamatory sentences

Exclamatory sentences express a sudden outburst of some emotions such as joy, sorrow, contempt, regret, surprise etc.

Common explanatory phrases are given below: Hurrah! Ha! (Express joy) Alas! Oh! (Express sorrow, regret, or loss) Bravo! (Express Applause) What! Oh! How! (Express surprise)

An exclamatory sentence has a sign of exclamation after it, which changes into a full stop in the indirect speech. In indirect speech, the exclamatory phrase or word (interjection) is replaced by �exclaimed with joy, sorrow, regret, surprise, contempt etc. The connective that has to be supplied in the indirect speech.

Let us take some examples The boy said, �Hurrah! We have won the match.� This sentence is in direct speech Its corresponding sentence in indirect speech would be The boy exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.

Let us see another example The candidate said, �How difficult the problem is!� This sentence is in direct speech Its corresponding sentence in indirect speech would be The candidate exclaimed with disapproval that the problem was very difficult.

Let us see another example

He said, �Hurrah! My friend has come�. This sentence is in direct speech Its corresponding sentence in indirect speech would be He exclaimed joyfully that his friend had come.

Here changes to there in the reported speech Now changes to then in the reported speech Last week changes to the week before in the reported speech

Next month changes to the coming month in the reported speech These changes to those in the reported speech

Last night changes to the previous in the reported speech ago changes to them before in the reported speech come changes to the go in the reported speech thus changes to the so in the reported speech

Let us now learn some more rules related to converting direct to reported speech.

In the case of modal verbs Can in the direct speech becomes could in the reported speech

For example Mahesh said, � I can solve this problem�. (Direct speech) Now in the reported speech, the sentence will become Mahesh said that he could solve this problem.

Similarly Modal verb Will in the direct speech becomes would in the reported speech Modal verb Shall in the direct speech becomes should in the reported speech The modal verb �May� in the direct speech becomes Might in the reported speech.

Let us now learn some more rules related to converting direct to reported speech. The verb in the reported speech does not change when we express a universal truth or a habitual fact.

For example My teacher said, �Honesty is the best policy�. My teacher said that honesty is the best policy.

Read More: Degrees of Comparison of Adjectives: English Grammar

• December,02 2021

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Reported Speech: Exclamatory Sentences Practice Questions with Answers

• Post last modified: 10 April 2022
• Post category: Grammar Exercises / School Grammar

Learn how to change Exclamatory sentences into indirect speech. We are giving here rules of as well as some practice exercises to help learners master the direct and indirect transformation of sentences. watch the video tutorials also to learn how to change a direct speech exclamation into its indirect speech exclamation.

New exercises are added from time to time, so keep coming here .

Click here for rules of Reported Speech

Click here for more English Grammar Topics.

Narration: Exclamatory Sentences

Exclamatory sentences:.

Sentences which express some sudden feelings ( such as pleasure, anger, surprise ) about something which has been said or done, are called Exclamatory sentences.

Exclamatory sentences or expressions take a mark of exclamation (!) at their end.

• Hurrah! we have won.
• Alas! he is ruined.
• What a lovely flower!
• How foolish he is!

Exclamatory Sentences: General Rules

• Use ‘exclaimed’ in place of ‘said’ in the reporting verb in the indirect speech: Sometimes Exclamatory sentences contain exclamations like Hurrah! Alas! Oh! Heavens! Bravo, etc. Such exclamatory words are removed in the indirect speech and we use ‘ exclaimed with sorrow’, exclaimed with joy, exclaimed with surprise, applaud, pray etc. instead of ‘said’.
• Generally, Indirect speech begins with that the Conjunction ‘ that’
• Use ‘wish’ and ‘pray to God’ in sentences involving wish and prayer.
• Convert the exclamatory sentence to a statement i.e. end with a full stop dot ( . )
• Direct: Kohli said, “Hurrah! We won the match.” Indirect: Kohli exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.
• Direct: Reena said, “Alas! Sheela’s mother is suffering from cancer.” Indirect: Reena exclaimed with sorrow that Sheela’s mother was suffering from cancer.
• Direct: My mother said, “May God bless you!” Indirect: My mother prayed to God for my wellbeing.
• Direct: He said, “What a pity!” Indirect: He exclaimed that it was a great pity.
• Direct: I said, “How stupid he is!” Indirect: I exclaimed that it was a very stupid of him.

Solved Exercises -1

Q. Change the following sentences into Indirect narration.

• He said, “Alas! I am undone.” 
• She said, “Hoe clever I am!” 
• He said, “Bravo! You have done well.” 
• “Oh, help me, Heaven!” he cried, “I will never steal again.” 
• She said, “May you succeed, my son.” 
• He said, “What a great misery!” 
• The captain said, “Hurrah! We have won the match.” 
• Sita said, “Goodbye, my friend!” 
• The spectators said, “Bravo! Well played, Rahul!” 
• The merchant said, “Alas! I am ruined.” 
• He exclaimed sadly (with sorrow) that he was undone. 
• She exclaimed that she was very clever. 
• He applauded him saying that he had done well. 
• He called upon Heaven to witness his resolve never to steal again. 
• She wished success for her son. OR She prayed for the success of her son.  
• He exclaimed that it was a great misery. 
• The captain exclaimed with joy that they had won. 
• She bade her friend goodbye.  
• The spectators applauded Rahul saying that he had played well. 
• The merchant exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined. 

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Reported speech: commands and requests practice exercises, prepositions: rules and usage english grammar cbse/icse schools, modals: class 10 practice exercises, letter writing – grammar for cbse/icse and state boards, this post has 7 comments.

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• English Grammar
• Reported Speech

Reported Speech - Definition, Rules and Usage with Examples

Reported speech or indirect speech is the form of speech used to convey what was said by someone at some point of time. This article will help you with all that you need to know about reported speech, its meaning, definition, how and when to use them along with examples. Furthermore, try out the practice questions given to check how far you have understood the topic.

Table of Contents

Definition of reported speech, rules to be followed when using reported speech, table 1 – change of pronouns, table 2 – change of adverbs of place and adverbs of time, table 3 – change of tense, table 4 – change of modal verbs, tips to practise reported speech, examples of reported speech, check your understanding of reported speech, frequently asked questions on reported speech in english, what is reported speech.

Reported speech is the form in which one can convey a message said by oneself or someone else, mostly in the past. It can also be said to be the third person view of what someone has said. In this form of speech, you need not use quotation marks as you are not quoting the exact words spoken by the speaker, but just conveying the message.

Now, take a look at the following dictionary definitions for a clearer idea of what it is.

Reported speech, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “a report of what somebody has said that does not use their exact words.” The Collins Dictionary defines reported speech as “speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the person’s actual words.” According to the Cambridge Dictionary, reported speech is defined as “the act of reporting something that was said, but not using exactly the same words.” The Macmillan Dictionary defines reported speech as “the words that you use to report what someone else has said.”

Reported speech is a little different from direct speech . As it has been discussed already, reported speech is used to tell what someone said and does not use the exact words of the speaker. Take a look at the following rules so that you can make use of reported speech effectively.

• The first thing you have to keep in mind is that you need not use any quotation marks as you are not using the exact words of the speaker.
• You can use the following formula to construct a sentence in the reported speech.
• You can use verbs like said, asked, requested, ordered, complained, exclaimed, screamed, told, etc. If you are just reporting a declarative sentence , you can use verbs like told, said, etc. followed by ‘that’ and end the sentence with a full stop . When you are reporting interrogative sentences, you can use the verbs – enquired, inquired, asked, etc. and remove the question mark . In case you are reporting imperative sentences , you can use verbs like requested, commanded, pleaded, ordered, etc. If you are reporting exclamatory sentences , you can use the verb exclaimed and remove the exclamation mark . Remember that the structure of the sentences also changes accordingly.
• Furthermore, keep in mind that the sentence structure , tense , pronouns , modal verbs , some specific adverbs of place and adverbs of time change when a sentence is transformed into indirect/reported speech.

Transforming Direct Speech into Reported Speech

As discussed earlier, when transforming a sentence from direct speech into reported speech, you will have to change the pronouns, tense and adverbs of time and place used by the speaker. Let us look at the following tables to see how they work.

Here are some tips you can follow to become a pro in using reported speech.

• Select a play, a drama or a short story with dialogues and try transforming the sentences in direct speech into reported speech.
• Write about an incident or speak about a day in your life using reported speech.
• Develop a story by following prompts or on your own using reported speech.

Given below are a few examples to show you how reported speech can be written. Check them out.

• Santana said that she would be auditioning for the lead role in Funny Girl.
• Blaine requested us to help him with the algebraic equations.
• Karishma asked me if I knew where her car keys were.
• The judges announced that the Warblers were the winners of the annual acapella competition.
• Binsha assured that she would reach Bangalore by 8 p.m.
• Kumar said that he had gone to the doctor the previous day.
• Lakshmi asked Teena if she would accompany her to the railway station.
• Jibin told me that he would help me out after lunch.
• The police ordered everyone to leave from the bus stop immediately.
• Rahul said that he was drawing a caricature.

Transform the following sentences into reported speech by making the necessary changes.

1. Rachel said, “I have an interview tomorrow.”

2. Mahesh said, “What is he doing?”

3. Sherly said, “My daughter is playing the lead role in the skit.”

4. Dinesh said, “It is a wonderful movie!”

5. Suresh said, “My son is getting married next month.”

6. Preetha said, “Can you please help me with the invitations?”

7. Anna said, “I look forward to meeting you.”

8. The teacher said, “Make sure you complete the homework before tomorrow.”

9. Sylvester said, “I am not going to cry anymore.”

10. Jade said, “My sister is moving to Los Angeles.”

Now, find out if you have answered all of them correctly.

1. Rachel said that she had an interview the next day.

2. Mahesh asked what he was doing.

3. Sherly said that her daughter was playing the lead role in the skit.

4. Dinesh exclaimed that it was a wonderful movie.

5. Suresh said that his son was getting married the following month.

6. Preetha asked if I could help her with the invitations.

7. Anna said that she looked forward to meeting me.

8. The teacher told us to make sure we completed the homework before the next day.

9. Sylvester said that he was not going to cry anymore.

10. Jade said that his sister was moving to Los Angeles.

What is reported speech?

What is the definition of reported speech.

Reported speech, according to the Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, is defined as “a report of what somebody has said that does not use their exact words.” The Collins Dictionary defines reported speech as “speech which tells you what someone said, but does not use the person’s actual words.” According to the Cambridge Dictionary, reported speech is defined as “the act of reporting something that was said, but not using exactly the same words.” The Macmillan Dictionary defines reported speech as “the words that you use to report what someone else has said.”

What is the formula of reported speech?

You can use the following formula to construct a sentence in the reported speech. Subject said that (report whatever the speaker said)

Give some examples of reported speech.

Given below are a few examples to show you how reported speech can be written.

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Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory Sentences

Understand the art of expressing strong emotions with Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory sentences. Learn how to use exclamation marks and the right grammar to convey surprise, emphasis, and strong feelings.

Discover the difference between Direct and Indirect Speech of exclamatory sentences, and see how they can be reported in different ways. Enhance your language skills and improve your communication with this comprehensive guide on Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory sentences.

Exclamatory Sentences in English

An exclamatory sentence is a type of sentence that expresses strong emotion, surprise, or emphasis. It often ends with an exclamation mark (!). These sentences can express a wide range of emotions, including joy, amazement, anger, frustration, or sorrow.

They serve to add emphasis or express strong feelings and are often used to make a statement stand out in a conversation or text. For examples,

• “Wow, what a beautiful day!”,
• “What a terrible mistake!”,
• “How amazing!”.

Identify Exclamatory Sentences for Direct and Indirect Speech

An Exclamatory Sentence expresses some emotion . The emotion is conveyed through an interjection or an interjectional phrase or some idiomatic touches.

In this type of sentence, there is an exclamation mark (!) . This sentence also expresses some emotion or feeling.

• Direct: He said, “Alas! I am undone.”

Indirect: He cried out in sorrow that he was undone.

Let’s now consider Direct and Indirect Speech to understand the Rules of Exclamatory Sentences from Direct Narration to Indirect Narration.

More Direct & Indirect Speech Resources:

Direct Speech to Indirect Speech Rules of Exclamatory Sentences

First, try to explore which kind of sentence the reported speech is under Direct Narration.

In Indirect Narration, the Interjectional Words or Phrases are omitted, and the emotion is expressed through other words ( exclaim , cry out , pray , wish ,). But new words and phrases have often to be introduced to express the full meanings. In General, the Reporting Verbs in Indirect Narration can be like – exclaim (with/in) joy /sorrow , etc.

Rule 3:  

In Indirect Narration, the conjunction, “ that ”  is used before the Reported Speech.  

The Note of Exclamation ( ! ) is replaced by a Full Stop ( . ) in Indirect Narration.

The next rule is about the Changes in Persons in indirect narration. It is under the General Rule Category. Study and Explore the rules.

Changes in Reporting Verb in Indirect Narration and the Verb of the reported speech in indirect narration also have been discussed in the General Rules section on the previous page. Should be carefully studied.

Examples of Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory Sentences

Note carefully the Change of Exclamatory Sentences from Direct Speech to Indirect Speech.

Direct: He said, “Alas! I am undone !”

Direct: He said, “What a fool I am !”.

Indirect: He exclaimed with grief that he was a great fool.

Direct: He said, “Goodbye, my friends.”

Indirect: He bade his friends goodbye. (Or, He bade goodbye to his friends).

Direct: “Bless his kind heart !” they cried.

Indirect: They blessed him for his kind heart.

Direct: “Bravo ! well done !” they cried.

Indirect: They applauded him, for (or saying that) he had done well.

Direct: “So help me Heaven !” he cried, “I will never do so again.”

Indirect:  He prayed to Heaven to help him in his resolve not to do so again.

Direct: He said, “By Jove! What good news !”

Indirect: He swore by Jove that it was a piece of very good news.

Direct: The boys said, “Hurrah! We have won the match.”

Indirect: The boys exclaimed in/withjoy that they had won the match.

Some Work Out Examples of Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory Sentences

Direct: He said to me, “Alas! I could not save you.”

Indirect: He exclaimed in grief that he could not save me.

Direct: The boy said, “What a fool I am!”

Indirect: He exclaimed (cried out) that he was a great fool.

Direct: He said, “What a nice bird it is!”

Indirect: He exclaimed in wonder that it was a very nice bird.

Direct: He observed, “How dirty the house is!”

Indirect: He exclaimed that the house was very dirty.

Direct: “Help! Help!” shouted the woman.

Indirect: The woman shouted for help.

Direct: He said, “Goodbye, my friends!”

Indirect: He bade goodbye to his friends. / He bade his friends goodbye.

Direct: The teacher said, “Thank you, my boys!”

Indirect: The teacher thanked the boys.

Direct: He said, “By Jove! What good news.”

Direct: She said to me, “Happy Christmas.”

Indirect: She wished me a Happy Christmas.

Direct: He said to them, “Bravo! you have done well.”

Indirect: He applauded them saying that they had done well.

Important Examples of Exclamatory Sentences

Study the following workout examples of exclamatory sentences from Direct speech to Indirect Speech.

Direct: The old man said to him, “Fie! You are such a coward.”

Indirect: The old man exclaimed that it was shameful that he was such a coward.

Direct: He said, “Poor fellow! How changed you are.”

Indirect: He pitied the man and exclaimed that he was greatly changed .

Direct: “So help me Heaven!” he cried, “I’ll never do so again.”

Indirect : He prayed to Heaven to help him and resolved not to do so again.

Direct: He said, “Who knew that this would happen!”

Indirect: He said that none knew that (that) would happen.

Direct: He said, “Good Gracious! What a huge snake.”

Indirect: He exclaimed with wonder that it was a huge snake.

Direct: “Good Heavens! We have reached the station,” said the boys.

Indirect: The boys exclaimed with delight that they had reached the station.

Direct: He said to me, “How happy you are !”

Indirect: He told me that I was very happy.

Direct: He said, “What a nice thing it is !”

Indirect: He said (or exclaimed with joy) that it was a very nice thing.

Direct: He said, “What was my joy to see the thing !”

Indirect: He said that his joy to see the thing was very great.

Direct: I said, “Who knew that this would happen !”

Indirect: I said that none knew that that would happen.

Direct: He said, “Thank you.”

Indirect: He thanked me.

Direct: He said, “Curse the rain.”

Indirect: He cursed the rain.

Direct: He said, “Good morning.”

Indirect: He greeted me (or, wished me) a good morning.

Direct: He said, “Congratulations !”

Indirect: He congratulated me.

Exercise worksheet Exclamatory Sentence

Turn the following into a Reported Speech of Exclamatory sentence

1. She said, “Alas! my daughter is lost.”

2. The boys said, “Hurrah! our team has won.”

3. “How happy we were there!” they said.

4. Ram said, “What a beautiful bird I’ve seen!”

5. The poor woman said, “Alas! I’m ruined.”

6. “Good night to you all”. said he.

7. She said, “What a fool you’re!”

8. Puspen said, “How happy I am now!”

9. We all said, “May he live long!”

10. He said to me, “May you succeed.”

11. “What a lazy boy you are!” he angrily remarked.

12. She said, “What a pity you did not come.

13. “Bravo! You’ve played well,” the captain said.

14. He said to his friend, “May God save you.”

15. You said, “Alas! I am ruined.”

16. He said to me, “What a forgetful fellow you are!”

17. The old man said, “How soothing the sunshine is!”

18. She said, “What a disgraceful insult!”

19. The boys said, “Hurrah! Our school team has won the trophy.”

20. Rikta said to her friend, “How happy I am to meet you!”

21. The host said, “Thank you, my guest.”

22. The girl said, “How cruel the man is!”

23. The boy said to me, “Fie! you have stolen my book.”

24. He said to me, “Bravo! it is well done.”

25. Mother said, “How dirty the environment is!”

26. They said, “How glorious the death is!”

27. The soldiers said, “Goodbye, my friends!”

28. You said, “Good morning, Mr. Roy!”

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Reported Speech Requests Commands/Exclamations

Reported Requests/Commands

Indirect speech exclamations.

Reported Speech

Perfect english grammar.

Reported Statements

Here's how it works:

We use a 'reporting verb' like 'say' or 'tell'. ( Click here for more about using 'say' and 'tell' .) If this verb is in the present tense, it's easy. We just put 'she says' and then the sentence:

• Direct speech: I like ice cream.
• Reported speech: She says (that) she likes ice cream.

We don't need to change the tense, though probably we do need to change the 'person' from 'I' to 'she', for example. We also may need to change words like 'my' and 'your'. (As I'm sure you know, often, we can choose if we want to use 'that' or not in English. I've put it in brackets () to show that it's optional. It's exactly the same if you use 'that' or if you don't use 'that'.)

But , if the reporting verb is in the past tense, then usually we change the tenses in the reported speech:

• Reported speech: She said (that) she liked ice cream.

* doesn't change.

• Direct speech: The sky is blue.
• Reported speech: She said (that) the sky is/was blue.

Click here for a mixed tense exercise about practise reported statements. Click here for a list of all the reported speech exercises.

Reported Questions

So now you have no problem with making reported speech from positive and negative sentences. But how about questions?

• Direct speech: Where do you live?
• Reported speech: She asked me where I lived.
• Direct speech: Where is Julie?
• Reported speech: She asked me where Julie was.
• Direct speech: Do you like chocolate?
• Reported speech: She asked me if I liked chocolate.

Click here to practise reported 'wh' questions. Click here to practise reported 'yes / no' questions. Reported Requests

There's more! What if someone asks you to do something (in a polite way)? For example:

• Direct speech: Close the window, please
• Or: Could you close the window please?
• Or: Would you mind closing the window please?
• Reported speech: She asked me to close the window.
• Direct speech: Please don't be late.
• Reported speech: She asked us not to be late.

Reported Orders

• Direct speech: Sit down!
• Reported speech: She told me to sit down.
• Click here for an exercise to practise reported requests and orders.
• Click here for an exercise about using 'say' and 'tell'.
• Click here for a list of all the reported speech exercises.

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Narration: reported to reporting speech.

David said, “I’m baking a chocolate cake for you.’’

David said that he was baking a chocolate cake for me.

If we consider these two sentences, we might notice that both of them convey the same message, but there is a difference if we look closely. In the first sentence, I am conveying the activities of David in his (D) own words without changing it; it is called direct speech or we can say reporting speech . In the second sentence, I am using my own words to convey the activities of the speaker (D) to the audience. This we can say indirect speech or reported speech .

There are some major rules to change these speeches from direct to indirect. We need to consider the tense , pronoun , words that describe time, place, distance, types of sentences, etc. let’s have a glance at the following rules:

1. Pronoun:

In an indirect speech the pronoun changes according to the speaker whether s/he is referring himself/herself or a third person . We can make this clearer if we learn this with some examples:

• Direct: George said, “ I cannot be with you .”
• Indirect: George said that he could not be with me .
• Direct: I said, “Leave me ”
• Indirect: I ordered to leave me alone. (Note: in this sentence the speaker is same, so there is no change in the indirect speech.)
• Direct: They said, “ We will be partying tonight.”
• Indirect: They said that they would be partying that night.
• Direct: I told George, “ You should stay.”
• Indirect: I told George that he should stay.
• Direct: She asked, “How are you doing today?”
• Indirect: She asked me how I was doing that day.
• Direct: Robert said, “Can you pull me up?”
• Indirect: Robert asked if I could pull him up.

2. Type of sentences:

a. Reporting Interrogative sentences:

I) If there is a  yes-no question in the direct speech, then the reported speech will start with whether/if and the reported clause form will be (subject+verb).

• Direct: Peter said, “Are you from Australia?”
• Indirect: Peter asked if I was from Australia.
• Direct: Tom asked, “Do you want to sit here?”
• Indirect: Tom asked whether I wanted to sit there.

II) In indirect speech questions starting with who, whom, when, how, where and what the wh-word would be the subject or the object of the reported clause:

• Direct: Brad said, “Who will come with me?”
• Indirect: Brad asked who would go with him.
• Direct: Tina said, “What will be the charges?”
• Indirect: Tina inquired what the charges would be.
• Direct: I said the man, “Where is the hotel?”
• Indirect: I asked the man where the hotel was.
• Direct: Mother said, “How is the chicken?”
• Indirect: Mother asked me how the chicken was.

b. Reporting statement sentences:

In a statement speech, we will use ‘that’ before the reported statement and the reported verb will be ‘told’ (followed by an object) or ‘said’ (will not be followed by an object).

• Direct: Edward said, “I like the book.”
• Indirect: Edward said that he liked the book.
• Direct: Alice said, “I want you to sing.”
• Indirect: Alice told me to sing.

c. Reporting imperative sentences:

We will use ‘to’ as joining clause before the reported command or request, and the reported verb will be changed according to the moods of the sentence (e.g., ordered, requested, urged, advised, forbade or begged)

• Direct: The man said, “Please, bring me a chair.”
• Indirect: The man requested to bring him a chair.
• Direct: The officer said, “Fall back!”
• Indirect: The officer ordered to fall back.
• Direct: Mother said, “Listen to your elders.”
• Indirect: Mother advised me to listen to my elders.
• Direct: Mr. Murphy said, “Do not go near the house.”
• Indirect: Mr. Murphy forbade going near the house.

d. Reporting exclamatory sentences:

To change direct exclamatory speeches to the indirect one we need to replace interjection (hurrah, wow, alas, oh, etc.) with joining clause ‘that’ and the exclamatory wh-words (what, how) will be replaced by ‘very’ before the adjective in the reported clause.

• Direct: Clare said, “Hurrah! Barcelona won the match!”
• Indirect: Clare exclaimed with joy that Barcelona had won the match.
• Direct: I said, “Alas! My pet died.”
• Indirect: I exclaimed with grief that my pet had died.

Usually, the present changes to past tense while we change direct speech to indirect.  

a. Simple present tense to simple past tense:

• Direct: She said, “I work in New York Times.”
• Indirect: She said that she worked in New York Times.
• Direct: Jim said, “Bill loves to drink Wine.”
• Indirect: Jim said that Bill loved to drink Wine.

Exceptions : If the content is still true or happening then we do not need to change the tense in the reported speech. Like;

• Direct: She said, “I live in Paris.”
• Indirect: She said that she lives in Paris.

b. Present continuous to past continuous tense

• Direct: Mother said, “Bob is taking a nap.”
• Indirect: Mother said that Bob was taking a nap.
• Direct: He asked, “Are they writing the paper?”
• Indirect: He asked if they were writing the paper.

c. Present perfect to past perfect tense:

Example: 

• Direct: Nicolas said, “I have made a donut.”
• Indirect: Nicolas said that he had made a donut.
• Direct: The teacher said, “The dates have been decided.”
• Indirect: The teacher announced that the dates had been decided.

d. Present perfect continuous to past perfect continuous tense:

• Direct: Mr. Parson asked, “How long have you been working here?”
• Indirect: Parson asked me how long I had been working there?”
• Direct: The boy said, “I have been waiting for my mother since morning.”
• Indirect: The boy said that he had been waiting for his mother since morning.

e. Simple past to past perfect tense

• Direct: Robert Langdon said, “My mother gave me the Mickey watch.”
• Indirect: Robert Langdon said that his mother had given the Mickey watch to him.
• Direct: The teacher said, “Shakespeare’s playing company built Globe Theatre in 1599.”
• Indirect: The teacher said that Shakespeare’s playing company had built the Globe Theatre in 1599.

f. Past Continuous to Past Perfect Continuous tense;

• Direct: Jenny said, “Marlow was leaving Belgium.”
• Indirect: Jenny told me that Marlow had been leaving Belgium.
• Direct: Maria said, “I was dialing your number, and you called.”
• Indirect: Maria said that she had been dialing my number and I had called.

Note: If two sentences are combined with a conjunction, and both sentences have different tenses then we need to change the tenses of both sentences according to the rule.

g. Past perfect tense does not change in the indirect speech;

• Direct: Alex said, “I had stopped to visit you.”
• Indirect: Alex said that he has stopped to visit me.
• Direct: She said, “Greece had tried to uphold their economy.”
• Indirect: She said that Greece had tried to uphold their economy.

h Simple future tense to present conditional;

• Direct: Smith said, “My parents will be there at 9am.”
• Indirect: Smith said that his parents would be there at 9am.
• Direct: Barbara asked, “Will you be my partner in the coming Summer Ball?”
• Indirect: Barbara asked if I would be her partner in the coming Summer Ball.
• Direct: John said, “I will be doing my CELTA next year.”
• Indirect: John said that he would be doing his CELTA next year. (Continuous conditional)

a. Modal verbs like shall, will, can, may change in reported speech. Let’s follow some examples:

• Direct: John said, “I will be there.”
• Indirect: John promised that he would be there.
• Direct: The boy said, “ May I come in?”
• Indirect: The boy asked if he could come in. (note: may becomes could when it implies permission)
• Direct: “I may not call you.” Said Boby.
• Indirect: Boby said that she might not call me.
• Direct: “I shall practice more.” said Barbara.
• Indirect: Barbara said that she would practice more.
• Direct: Joseph said, “ Shall I buy the car?”
• Indirect: Joseph asked if he should buy the car.

Note: shall becomes should if it implies a question.

b. Modal verbs like could, should, need, must, might, used to do not change in reported speech.

• Direct: she said, “I would not be the victim.”
• Indirect: she said that she would not be the victim.
• Direct: David said, “You need to repair the car.”
• Indirect: David said that I need to repair the car.
• Direct: Mary said, “I used to love dancing.”
• Indirect: Mary said she used to love dancing.

5. Adverbs and demonstratives:

Indirect speech differs from the direct speech’s time and place. When someone is conveying the message to the listener, the speaker might not be on the same day or place. So the demonstrative (this, that etc.) and the adverb of time and place (here, there, today, now, etc.) change. We can look into the following chart for the usual changes:

  Examples:

• Direct: I said, “Simon read Wordsworth yesterday .”
• Indirect: I said that Simon read Wordsworth the day before .
• Direct: Mother said, “ Come home now .”
• Indirect: Mother ordered me to go home at that moment .
• Direct: “ Bring the money with you.” Said Jessie.
• Indirect: Jessie demanded to take the money with me.
• Direct: The lovers said, “We will meet here tomorrow .”
• Indirect: The lovers promised to meet there the next day .

Avoid Redundancy to Improve Your Writing

• Parts of Speech
• Preposition
• Conjunction
• Interjection
• Conditionals
• How to Use "Therefore" in Sentences Avoiding Common Mistakes
• How to Use "Whereas" with Examples and Avoid Common Mistakes
• When and How to Use "Thus" Correctly Without Common Mistakes
• How to Use "On the Contrary" Properly with Meaning and Examples
• When and How to Use "Either/Or" with Examples and Common Mistakes to Avoid
• How to Use "On the Other Hand" Effectively without Mistakes
• How to Use "Respectively" with Example and Common Errors to Avoid
• How and When to Use "Moreover" Without Mistakes
• How to Use "Likewise" in Sentences Based on Context & When not to Use
• When & How to Use "Although" in Sentences to Avoid Mistake

Narration Change Rules of Exclamatory and Optative Sentence

Table of Contents

Rules of Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentence with Examples 

While converting Exclamatory Sentence from Direct to Indirect Speech, the following rules have to be observed:

●(i) In Exclamatory Sentence, the Reporting Verb is changed into  exclaim in joy/sorrow/anger/wonder/fear etc. regret, applaud, swear, shout, confess, express sympathy/disgust  etc. according to the sense.

●(ii) The Exclamatory Sentence is turned into  Assertive Sentence  and the linker ‘ that ‘ is used in the Indirect Speech.

●(iii) If the Exclamatory Sentence begins with ‘ what’ or ‘how ‘ to denote extreme emotion, it becomes ‘ great’ or ‘very ‘ according to the sense.

Examples of Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentence:

(1)  Direct :- “Pooh”,said the teacher, “How dirty the dress is!”

Indirect :- The teacher exclaimed with disgust that the dress was very dirty.

(2)  Direct :- He said, “Hurrah! I have stood first in the exam.” “Congratulations”, said I.

Indirect :- He exclaimed with joy that he had stood first in the exam. I congratulated him.

(3)  Direct :- The woman said, “Help!Help!”

Indirect :- The woman shouted for help.

(4)  Direct :- He said, “Alas! How foolish is your acting.”

Indirect :- He exclaimed with sorrow that his acting was very foolish.

(5)  Direct :- Looking at the Victoria Memorial, the foreigner said, “What an exquisitely beautiful creation!”

Indirect :- Looking at the Victoria Memorial the foreigner exclaimed in wonder that it was an exquisitely beautiful creation.

(6)  Direct :- The coach said to the players, “Bravo! You have played very well.”

Indirect :- The coach applauded the players that they had played very well.

(7)  Direct :- The old man said to me, “Good-bye, my friends!”

Indirect :- Addressing me friend, the old man bade good-bye to me.

(8)  Direct :- He said, “By God! What a good painting.”

Indirect :- He swore by God that it was a very good painting.

(9)  Direct :- Robinbabu said, “What a pity, you could not succeed in spite of great efforts!”

Indirect :- Robinbabu exclaimed with regret that he could not succeed in spite of great efforts.

(10)  Direct :- The boys said, “How happy we are here!”

Indirect :- The boys exclaimed with joy that they were very happy there.

Narration Change Exercise of Exclamatory Sentence 

(1) My friends said, “What a nice movie it was!”

(2) He said to me, “What a stupid fellow you are!”

(3) The frogs said, “How cruel the boys are!”

(4) The followers said, “Alas! Her song will not be heard again.”

(5) They said, “Alas! We have lost our way.”

(6) He said, “What a pity! I could not come in time.”

(7) The boys said, “”Hurrah! We have reached the hill station.”

(8) He said to them, “Bravo! You have done well.”

(9) He said, “By God! What a good news.”

(10) The officer said to the soldiers, “Goodbye!”

Rules of Narration Change of Optative Sentence 

While converting the Optative Sentence from Direct to Indirect Speech, the following rules have to be observed:

●(i) In the case of Optative, the Reporting Verb is changed into  wish/pray/long for/yearn/earnestly desire  etc.

●(ii) The Optative Sentence is changed into Assertive Sentence and linker  that  is used in the Indirect Speech.

●(iii) In the Indirect Speech ‘ may ‘ is changed into ‘ might ‘.

Examples of Narration Change of Optative Sentence:

(1)  Direct: – Mother said to me, “May you prosper in life.”

Indirect :- Mother wished me that I might prosper in life.

(2)  Direct :- The old man said to me, “May God bless you.”

Indirect :- The old man prayed that God might bless me.

(3)  Direct :- The followers said, “Long live our leader.”

Indirect :- The followers wished that their leader might live long.

(4)  Direct :- The girl said, “Could I but get the wings of bird.”

Indirect :- The girl wished that she could but get the wings of bird.

(5)  Direct :- I said to my friend, “May your father recover soon.”

Indirect :- I wished my friend that his father might recover soon.

(6)  Direct :- The boy said, “Oh, if I could get the first prize.”

Indirect :- The boy wished that he could get the first prize.

(7)  Direct :- Nita said to teacher, “Good morning, Sir.”

Indirect :- Nita respectfully wished/greeted her teacher good morning.

(8)  Direct :- Rahul said to me, “Would that you were with us in the picnic.”

Indirect :- Rahul wished that I had been with them in the picnic.

(9)  Direct :- He said, “O, for a cup of tea”

Indirect :- He wished for a cup of tea.

(10)  Direct :- The leader said, “Long live democracy.”

Indirect :- The leader wished that democracy might live long.

Narration Change Exercise of Optative Sentence:

(1) We said, “May his soul rest in peace.”

(2) The girl said to her mother, “Good morning. “

(3) Mother said, “May your dreams come true. “

(4) The teacher said to the student, “May you prosper as much as you like.”

(5) He said to me, “Happy Birthday.”

(6) The girl said, “Oh, had I the wings of a butterfly.”

(7) Mr. Bose said to his brother, “Welcome home.”

(8) My friend said,  “May your mother recover soon from illness.”

(9) The girl said, “May God grant my prayer.”

(10) She said, “Would that I could relieve my childhood.”

You May Like To Read More:

• Narration Change Exercise Practice Set
• Narration Change Rules Imperative and Interrogative Sentence

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English Saga

Exclamatory Sentences-Direct & Indirect speech

An Exclamatory Sentence is a type of Sentence that must have some strong feelings, e.g; joy, sorrow, grief, wonder, etc.

Characteristics of Exclamatory Sentences

• with a word that expresses some grief (ha, alas),
• with a word that expresses the joy (aha, hurrah),
• or it may have a word that expresses the wonder (what, how)
• After the Exclamatory Word, always places “Mark of Exclamation (!)”, e.g; Hurrah!
• An exclamatory Sentence is always ended with a full stop(.).
• The sentences that started with how and what have the Mark of Exclamation at the end.

Exclamatory Sentences- Direct & Indirect Narration

To convert the Direct Narration of Exclamatory Sentences into Indirect Narration, the following rules must be followed.

• The words of sorrow can be replaced with the words “exclaimed with sorrow, exclaimed with great grief, exclaimed sorrowfully”.
• The words of joy and happiness can be replaced with the words “exclaimed with great joy, exclaimed joyfully”.
• Exclamatory Sentences that have some wonderful feelings can be converted into Indirect Speech by replacing the words wonderful with the words “exclaimed in wonder, exclaimed in astonishment” and the words ” very” or “very great” would be added with the quality of wonder.
• Make the word arrangement as of Assertive Sentence that ends with a full stop (.).

Pronouns, other words, and tenses can be changed by following the following rules:

• General Rules for Changing Direct Speech into Indirect Speech
• Pronouns Changing Rules
• Other Words Changing Rules
• Rule # 1, Rule # 2, and Rule # 3 of Changes in the Tenses

Exclamatory Sentences with Sorrow feelings

Exclamatory Sentences that have some sorrowful feelings can be converted into Indirect Speech by replacing the words of sorrow with the words “exclaimed with sorrow, exclaimed with great grief, exclaimed sorrowfully”.

• He exclaimed with sorrow that his brother had met with an accident.
• She exclaimed with grief that you had failed in science by two marks only.
• She exclaimed with great sorrow that her cousin had died in a bus accident.
• They exclaimed with great grief that the house of their friends had caught fire.
• She exclaimed with great grief that her prize bonds had been stolen by her servant.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her purse.
• They exclaimed with great sorrow that they had not been able to win the prize.
• The old man exclaimed with sorrow that he had no hut to protect himself from that rain.
• The poor man exclaimed with great grief that his only son had been kidnapped by somebody.
• They exclaimed with great grief that they had been ruined.
• He exclaimed with great sorrow that his watch had been stolen.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that he had failed in science by only two marks.
• The captain exclaimed with great grief that he had failed to kick the ball through the goalposts.
• They exclaimed with great sorrow that their shop had been looted by those bad characters.
• He exclaimed with great grief that his friends had cheated him.
• She exclaimed with great sorrow that her uncle’s car had met with an accident.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost his passport.
• She exclaimed with great grief that a plane carrying a group of tourists had crashed near Hyderabad.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that they had taken her servant to the police station.
• The little girl exclaimed with great sorrow that her doll had been stolen by her brother.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that she had missed the first bus for Rawalpindi that day.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that her brother had failed in English by five marks only.
• He exclaimed with great sorrow that her brother had been run over in a taxi.

Exclamatory Sentences with Joy feelings

Exclamatory Sentences that have some joyful feelings can be converted into Indirect Speech by replacing the words of joy and happiness with the words “exclaimed with great joy, exclaimed joyfully”.

Exclamatory Sentences with Wonder feelings:

• They exclaimed with great joy that they had defeated our team in that match.
• He exclaimed with great joy that his father had returned from Saudi Arabia.
• My sister exclaimed with great joy that she had won the first prize in sports.
• We exclaimed with great joy that father had bought a plot of land for us in Faisalabad.
• He exclaimed with great joy that his brother stood first in English.
• They exclaimed with great joy that they would go to Mecca the next day to perform the Hajj.
• The baby exclaimed with joy that the father would bring many toys for him the next day.
• These girls exclaimed with great joy that they had all been declared successful by the headmistress.
• She exclaimed with great joy that her father was taking her to Murree the next day.
• She exclaimed with great joy that her brother had won a scholarship.
• The boys exclaimed loudly that the question paper was very easy.
• Children exclaimed loudly that their school would remain closed for two days.
• She exclaimed with great joy that her father had bought a television set for her.
• They exclaimed with joy that their son had reached home quite safe and sound.
• I exclaimed with joy that the bullet did not hit him.
• He exclaimed with great joy that his brother would perform the Hajj the next day.
• He exclaimed with joy that he would leave for Madina the next day.
• He exclaimed with great joy that his college had won the match by two goals.
• They exclaimed with great joy that the thief had been arrested by the police.
• They exclaimed with great joy that their forces had defeated the enemy.
• The child exclaimed with great joy that his mother had returned from Iran.
• They exclaimed with great joy that their team had won the match.
• The child exclaimed with joy that his mother had come.
• They exclaimed with great joy that the case against their leader had been dismissed by the magistrate.
• The boys exclaimed with great joy that their school had won that match.

Exclamatory Sentences With Wonder feelings

If Reported Speech is started with the words “how” or “what”, then the Exclamatory Sentences would have wonderful feelings. And such Exclamatory Sentences that have some wonderful feelings can be converted into Indirect Speech by replacing the words wonderful with the words “exclaimed in wonder, exclaimed in astonishment” and the words ” very” or “very great” would be added with the quality of wonder.

• She exclaimed in wonder that her mother was very lucky to win that prize.
• We exclaimed in great astonishment that that woman was very old.
• I exclaimed in wonder that I had been very foolish.
• They exclaimed in great wonder that those mangoes were very sweet.
• He exclaimed in great wonder that he had bought a very beautiful horse.
• They exclaimed that that girl was very foolish.
• You exclaimed in wonder that he was telling you a very strange story that day.
• We exclaimed in wonder that you had told us a very strange story.
• She exclaimed in great wonder that those apples were very sweet.
• He exclaimed that those robbers had done a very cruel deed.
• They exclaimed in great wonder that it was very heavily raining there those days.
• She exclaimed in great wonder that that bird sang very sweetly.
• We exclaimed in great astonishment that our leader had been a very great man.
• The fox exclaimed loudly that that bird was very beautiful.
• The patient exclaimed that health is a very great blessing of Allah.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that she was in a very pitiable condition.
• He exclaimed in great wonder that that old man was running very fast.
• They exclaimed in great wonder that they had to deal with a big fool.
• She exclaimed that that doll was very beautiful.
• We exclaimed in wonder that that well was very deep.
• She exclaimed in great wonder that her servant was very brave.
• She exclaimed in wonder that those snakes were very poisonous.
• He exclaimed in great wonder that she had painted very beautiful scenery.
• She exclaimed that her wound was causing very great pain.
• He exclaimed in great wonder that the Minar-i-Pakistan was indeed very grand and majestic.
• She exclaimed in great wonder that you had bought a very beautiful carpet.
• She exclaimed in great wonder that their neighbor was a very notorious smuggler.
• Arif exclaimed that he was very glad to meet his old friends there in that exhibition.
• She exclaimed in wonder that those clothes were very beautiful.
• He exclaimed with great astonishment that it was a very big lie.
• Tim exclaimed in wonder that that painting was very beautiful.
• He exclaimed in great wonder that he had to deal with a very big fool.

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• Reported Speech /

Exploring the Types of Reported Speech: A Complete Guide

• Updated on  
• Dec 21, 2023

Reported speech is an integral part of English grammar , understanding the nuances of reported speech will help increase language proficiency. In this blog article, you will explore the different types of reported speech based on the types of sentences in English grammar. You will also learn the different rules to be followed to convert different types of sentences from direct speech to indirect speech. You will also find exercises to reinforce your learning and master the art of converting speech from one speech to another.

This Blog Includes:

Four types of reported speech , change of assertive sentences in reported speech, examples of change of assertive sentences in reported speech, change of interrogative sentences in reported speech, examples of change of interrogative sentences in reported speech, change of exclamatory sentences in reported speech, examples of change of exclamatory sentences in reported speech, change of imperative sentences in reported speech, examples of change of imperative sentences in reported speech, exercise on kinds of reported speech.

MUST READ! Reported Speech: Definition, Rules, Usage with Examples, Tips, Exercises for Students

Based on the kinds of sentences in English Grammar reported speech is also changed accordingly keeping in mind the four kinds of sentences. There are four types of reported speech. These include – Exclamatory, Interrogative, Imperative and Assertive/Declarative.

The following rules must be kept in mind before changing the speech of an assertive sentence:

• Removal of quotation marks and the sentence will end with a comma.
• Reporting verbs are changed accordingly:
• Conjunction that is added to remove the quotation marks.

Also Read Tenses Rules: Charts, Examples, Types [PDF Available]

Let us comprehend the few examples of Assertive Speech for the proper understanding of the concept.

The following rules must be kept in mind before changing the speech of an interrogative sentence:

• Removal of quotation marks and use of question marks (? ) at the end of the sentence.
• The Reporting verb changed to ask, inquire, question, or want to know.
• The use of connectors such as if or whether to remove the quotation marks.
• WHO words are not changed and no use of connectors before them.

Let us comprehend the few examples of Interrogative Speech for a proper understanding of the concept.

Must Read: Subject-Verb Agreement: Definition, 12 Rules & Examples

• The interjections and commas are removed with the help of a connector(that).
• The reported verb said changes according to the interjection such as exclaimed with joy, exclaimed with sorrow, exclaimed with wonder, exclaimed joyfully, or sorrowfully.
• In interjection sentences if beginnings with how or what are removed using very or very great.
• The wish sentences may change to might and remove the exclamation that connector is used.

Let us comprehend the few examples of Exclamatory Sentences for a proper understanding of the concept.

The following rules must be kept in mind before changing the speech of an imperative sentence:

• To change the imperative sentences from direct to indirect speech infinitive is used before the main verb.
• The reported verb said is changed to ordered, requested, commanded, and advised.

Let us comprehend the few examples of Imperative Sentences for a proper understanding of the concept.

Change the following sentences to indirect speech:

• He said to him,” What is your name?”
• He said to her,” I ate mangoes”.
• The mother said to her son,” Put your clothes on the rack.”
• The mother said,” Hurrah! My son has won the trophy.”
• The old lady said to me,” May you live long!”

Check your answers with solved exercises to analyze the understanding of your concept.

1. He asked him what his name was.

2. He told her that he had eaten mangoes.

3. The mother instructed her son to put his clothes on the rack.

4. The mother exclaimed with joy that her son had won the trophy.

5. The old lady wished me a long life.

Must Read: Figures of Speech: Types, Usage & Examples [Download PDF]

Direct speech is the actual words spoken by a person and is written in quotation marks, while indirect speech defines the meaning of the original statement without quoting the actual words of the speaker. Indirect speech involves changes in verb tense, pronouns, and other elements.

There are four types of reported speech based on the four kinds of sentences in English Grammar. Statements  Questions Exclamations And Wishes Commands and Requests

The four types of reported speech are Assertive/Declarative, Imperative, Interrogative and Exclamatory.

To advance your grammar knowledge and read more informative blogs, check out our Learn English page, and don’t forget to follow Leverage Edu .

Amanpreet Kaur

📚✨ From Classroom Chats Entered Into The Wordy World ….. Yes , If you all Remember that teacher who kept you on your toes with pop quizzes and endless homework? YEP! THAT WAS Me ! 🌟 But with the blessings of almighty and the key motivation of my husband who came across the spark of writing in me has insisted me to pave my way away from chalk dust to creative burst!💫  Being in this new world of writing I can compose pun-tastic content, poetry full of emotions and humorous articles that can even make Shakespeare envious of me 📝🎭.Yippee! from teaching young minds to educating worldwide readers it's an epic career switch. From teaching grammar lessons to grammatically flawless copy, I'm todays' wordsmith on a mission! Let me spin literary magic all around and conquer my exact destination of proving myself as The Best Writer in The World.🚀🏆 My promise is to provide you with valuable insights, solutions to your questions, and a momentary escape from the routine. I believe in the power of words to create connections, provoke thought, and foster growth. Woods are lovely dark and deep  But I have promises to keep and  Miles to go before I sleep ……..🌳✨🌌

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Digital English

Narration change of exclamatory sentences 100+ example, narration change of exclamatory sentences [direct and indirect speech].

Table of Contents

Narration change of exclamatory sentences is a very easy matter if you know some rules of narration change or follow the right step. I have presented the rules step by step so that the readers can learn it after going through the article one time. Finally, I have given 100+ exercises with answers.

How to Identify the Exclamatory Sentences

It is very easy to identify the exclamatory sentences. If you find the below points in the sentence, you will be quite sure that the sentence is an exclamatory sentence .

• Interjection or What, How is at the beginning of the sentence.
• Sometimes the verb is implied.
• At the end of the sentence, there is an exclamation mark (!).
• Sometimes you will find the words (Alas!, Adieu!, Oh!, Fie!, Hurrah!, Hus!, Bravo! ) at the start of the sentence.
• What a bad boy!
• How bad a boy!
• What a beautiful sight!
• How beautiful a sight!
• What a costly phone!
• Alas! His father is no more.
• Adieu! My friend!
• Oh! How beautiful the flower.
• Fie! You smoke.
• Were I a bird!
• Were I an honest teacher!
• Had I two wings!
• Had he four hands!
• Had I much property!
• Were my father an M.L.A!
• Basic Rules of Narration Change

Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentences

Some rules are mandatory for all types of sentences at the time of narration change. The rules are below.

• How to identify direct and indirect speech
• How to identify “Reporting Verb” and “Reported Speech”
• How to identify “Sentence”
• Change words or phrases [Direct to Indirect]
• Change Tense [Direct to Indirect]
• Change Person/ Noun/ Pronoun

All the rules or points have been highlighted in the previous post. Click here………

Rules of Direct and Indirect Speech of Exclamatory Sentence

We change the “Reporting Verb” of direct speech into indirect speech according to the tense at the time of narration change. I have mentioned the reporting verb below.

Exclamatory Sentence

When we find greetings and goodbye in exclamatory sentences, we use “Wish/Bid”. After using those we do not use “That” but use an object.

Direct: She said to me, “Good morning.”

Indirect: She wished me good morning.

Direct: She said to me, “Goodbye.”

Indirect: He bade me goodbye.

If the reported speech starts with “How/ What” and we find an “Adjective/ Noun”, we use “Very / Completely” before the adjective and “Great” before the noun at the time of changing narration.

Direct: They said, “How happy we are here!”

Indirect: They exclaimed with joy that they were very happy there.

Direct: He said, “What a nice bird!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that the bird was very nice.

Direct: Dipu said, “What a fool I am!”

Indirect: Dipu exclaimed with surprise that he was a great fool.

In case of happiness, gladness , sorrow, and surpris e :

Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentences 

Direct: The boys said, “Hurray! We have won the match.”

Indirect: The boys exclaimed with joy that they had won the match.

Direct: She said, “Alas! I have lost my phone.”

Indirect: She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her phone.

Direct: My friend said, “Alas! My grandfather is no more.”

Indirect: My friend exclaimed with grief that his grandfather was no more. 

In case of desire:

Direct: The old man said, “Were I a king!”

Indirect: The old man strongly wished that he were a king.

Direct: Ramesh said, “Had I much money!”

Indirect: Ramen strongly wished that he had much money.

Example of Exclamatory Sentences Direct to Indirect Speech

Direct: She said to me, “Welcome!”

Indirect: She wished me welcome.

Direct: He said, “Thank you!”

Indirect: He wished thank you.

Direct: You said to me, “Nonsense!”

Indirect: You wished me nonsense.

Direct: The students said to the teacher, “Good night!”

Indirect: The students wished the teacher good night.

Direct: The boy said to me, “Good morning!”

Indirect: The boy wished me good morning.

Direct: I said to my brother, “Congratulations!”

Indirect: I wished my brother congratulations.

Direct: He said, “What a charming sight!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that the sight was very charming.

Direct: Saurav said, “What a huge six!”

Indirect: Saurav exclaimed with surprise that six was very huge.

Direct: You said, “What a smart girl she is!”

Indirect: You exclaimed with surprise that she was a very smart girl.

Direct: He said, “What a fine day!”

Indirect: He exclaimed that day was very fine.

Direct: She said, “Hurrah! I have passed the exam.”

Indirect: She exclaimed with joy that she had passed the exam.

Direct: Simanta said, “Alas! I have lost the book.”

Indirect: Simanta exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost the book.

Direct: Amal said, “Alas! I have no money.”

Indirect: Amal exclaimed with sorrow that he had no money.

Direct: Bristi said, “Alas! The man has died.”

Indirect: Bristi exclaimed with sorrow that the man had died.

Direct: The man said, “Alas! My grandmother is no more.”

Indirect: The man exclaimed with sorrow that his grandmother was no more.

Direct: He said, “What a fool am I!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that he was a great fool.

Direct: The teacher said to us, “Good morning!”

Indirect: The teacher wished us good morning.

Direct: She said to me, “What a silly boy you are!”

Indirect: She exclaimed with surprise me that I was very silly boy.

Direct: He said, “Alas! How helpless I am.”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that he was helpless.

Indirect: She bade me goodbye.

Direct: The captain said to the players, “Bravo! you have done well.”

Indirect: The captain exclaimed with joy the players that they had done well.

Direct: Bimal said, “What a good deed you have done!”

Indirect: Bimal explained with surprise that you had done a good deed.

Direct: She said, “Alas! I am undone.”

Indirect: She exclaimed with surprise that she was undone.

Direct: He said, “What a beautiful picture he has drawn!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that he has drawn a beautiful picture.

Direct: He said, “Hurrah! My friend has won the prize.”

Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that his friend had won the prize.

Direct: They said, “Bravo! It is a capital hit.”

Indirect: They exclaimed with joy that it was a capital hit.

Direct: She said to me, “Fie! You are a liar.”

Indirect: She exclaimed with sorrow me that I was a liar.

Direct: The girl said, “What a fool I am!”

Indirect: The girl exclaimed with surprise that she was a fool.

Direct: He said, “Wonderful! He has won the prize.”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that he had won the prize.

Direct: He said, “What a beautiful sight I saw there!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with surprise that he had seen a beautiful sight there.

Direct: She said, “How sweetly she can sing!”

Indirect: She exclaimed with surprise that she could sing sweetly.

Direct: They said, “Bravo! You have saved our family.”

Indirect: They exclaimed with joy that you had saved their family.

Direct: He said, “Alas! My business has doomed.”

Indirect: He exclaimed with sorrow that his business had doomed.

Direct: She said, “Oh dear! I have lost my ticket.”

Indirect: She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her ticket.

Direct: The man said, “Alas! I have lost everything.”

Indirect: The man exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost everything.

Direct: Father said, “How happy I am today!”

Indirect: Father exclaimed with joy that he was happy that day.

Direct: He said, “What pleasant weather it is here!”

Indirect: He exclaimed with joy that it was pleasant weather there.

Direct: She said, “What a foul smell!”

Indirect: She exclaimed with surprise that smell was very foul.

Direct: The shopkeeper said, “How fine the cloth is!”

Indirect: The shopkeeper exclaimed with surprise that the cloth was very fine.

Exercise Direct to Indirect Speech Interrogative Sentence

• He said, “What a fool am I!”
• The teacher said to us, “Good morning!”
• She said to me, “What a silly boy you are!”
• He said, “Alas! How helpless I am.”
• She said, “Goodbye.”
• The captain said to the players, “Bravo! you have done well.”
• He said, “How charming the sight is!”
• Bimal said, “What a good deed you have done!”
• She said, “Alas! I am undone.”
• He said, “What a beautiful picture he has drawn!”
• He said, “Hurrah! My friend has won the prize.”
• They said, “Bravo! It is a capital hit.”
• She said to me, “Fie! You are a liar.”
• The girl said, “What a fool I am!”
• He said, “Wonderful! He has won the prize.”
• He said, “What a beautiful sight I saw there!”
• She said, “How sweetly she can sing!”
• He said, “Alas! My business has doomed.”
• She said, “Oh dear! I have lost my ticket.”
• The man said, “Alas! I have lost everything.”
• Father said, “How happy I am today!”
• He said, “What a pleasant weather it I here!”
• She said, “What a foul smell!”
• The shopkeeper said, “How fine the cloth is!”
• The students said, “Hurrah! Our school has won the match.”
• He said, “Alas! I am ruined.”
• My mother said, “How happy I am!”
• He said, “What a fool I am!”
• He said, “Alas! I am done for.”
• He said, “What a stupid fellow you are!”
• He said, “Goodbye my friends!”
• I said to him, “How happy you are!”
• She said, “What a pity you did not come!”
• I said, “Good night to you all!”
• The spectators shouted, “Bravo! nice kick.”
• You said, “How nice the lake is!”
• I said to him, “What a nice fellow your friend is!”
• She said to me, “Happy birthday!”
• The passerby said, “What a bad boy!”
• The teacher said, “How bad a boy!”
• The visitors said, “What a beautiful sight!”
• You said to me, “How beautiful a sight!”
• I said, “What a costly phone!”
• The boy said to me, “What a smart girl!”
• The audience said, “What a fine movie!”
• The man said, “What a cheap dress!”
• We said, “How happy the man is!”
• The teacher said, “How intelligent a boy!”
• She said to me, “Welcome!”
• He said, “Thank you!”
• You said to me, “Nonsense!”
• Simanta said, “Alas! I have lost the book.”
• Amal said, “Alas! I have no money.”
• Bristi said, “Alas! The man has died.”
• The man said, “Alas! My grandmother is no more.”
• The students said to the teacher, “Good night!”
• The boy said to me, “Good morning!”
• I said to my brother, “Congratulations!”
• He said, “What a charming sight!”
• Saurav said, “What a huge six!”
• You said, “What a smart girl she is!”
• He said, “What a fine day!”
• She said, “Hurrah! I have passed the exam.”

The answer of Direct and Indirect Speech Interrogative Sentences

• He exclaimed with surprise that he was very fool.
• The teacher wished us good morning.
• She exclaimed with surprise that I was a silly boy.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that he was helpless.
• She bade goodbye.
• The captain exclaimed with joy the players that they had done well.
• He exclaimed with surprise that the sight was charming.
• Bimal exclaimed with joy that you had done a good deed.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that she was undone.
• He exclaimed with surprise that he had drawn a beautiful picture.
• He exclaimed with joy that his friend had won the prize.
• They exclaimed with joy that it was a capital hit.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that I was a liar.
• The girl exclaimed with surprise that she was a fool.
• He exclaimed with surprise that he had won the prize.
• He exclaimed with surprise that he had seen a beautiful sight there.
• She exclaimed with surprise that she could sing sweetly.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that his business had doomed.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that she had lost her ticket.
• The man exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost everything.
• Father exclaimed with joy that he was very happy that day.
• He exclaimed with joy that it was a pleasant weather there.
• She exclaimed with surprise that smell was very foul.
• The shopkeeper exclaimed with surprise that the cloth was very fine.
• The students exclaimed with joy that their school had won the match.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that he was ruined.
• My mother exclaimed with joy that she was very happy.
• He exclaimed with sorrow that he was done for.
• He exclaimed with surprise that you were a stupid fellow.
• He bade his friends goodbye.
• I exclaimed with joy him that he was very happy.
• She exclaimed with sorrow that you had not gone.
• I wished good night to you all.
• The spectators exclaimed with joy that kick was nice.
• You exclaimed with surprise that the lake was very nice.
• I exclaimed him with surprise that his friend was a nice fellow.
• She wished me happy birthday.
• The passerby exclaimed with sorrow that boy was very bad.
• The teacher exclaimed with sorrow that boy was very bad.
• The visitors exclaimed with surprise that sight was very beautiful.
• You exclaimed with surprise that sight was very beautiful.
• I exclaimed with surprise that the phone was very costly.
• The boy exclaimed me with surprise that the girl was very smart.
• The audience exclaimed with surprise that the movie was very fine.
• The man exclaimed with surprise that the dress was very cheap.
• We exclaimed with surprise that the man was very happy.
• The teacher exclaimed with surprise that the boy was very intelligent.
• She wished me welcome.
• He wished thank you.
• You wished me nonsense.
• Simanta exclaimed with sorrow that he had lost the book.
• Amal exclaimed with sorrow the he had no money.
• Bristi exclaimed with sorrow that the man had died.
• The man exclaimed with sorrow that his grandmother was no more.
• The students wished the teacher good night.
• The boy wished good morning.
• I wished my brother congratulations.
• Saurave exclaimed with joy that the six was very huge.
• You exclaimed with surprise that she was a very smart girl.
• He exclaimed with surprise that the day was very fine.
• She exclaimed with joy that she had passed the exam.
• Narration Change (A to Z)
• Degree Change
• Transformation of sentences (Simple/Complex and Compound)
• Joining of sentences
• Voice Change (A to Z)
• Transformation of sentences (Affirmative to Negative)
• Voice Change of Affirmative Sentences
• Voice Change of Negative Sentences
• Narration Change of Assertive Sentences
• Interrogative Sentences Direct and Indirect Speech
• Optative Sentences Narration Change
• Direct and Indirect Speech Imperative Sentences

If you think that this article (Narration Change of Exclamatory Sentences) is good and necessary, you can share it with your friends and relatives through social media like WhatsApp, Facebook and Messenger. Thank you! – Prakash sir

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